CN104400168A - Automatic tin feeding laser welding method - Google Patents

Automatic tin feeding laser welding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104400168A
CN104400168A CN201410553979.5A CN201410553979A CN104400168A CN 104400168 A CN104400168 A CN 104400168A CN 201410553979 A CN201410553979 A CN 201410553979A CN 104400168 A CN104400168 A CN 104400168A
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Prior art keywords
tin
laser
automatic tin
feeding machine
automatic
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CN201410553979.5A
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CN104400168B (en
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罗桥
杨明
王�锋
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Wuhan Lingyun Photoelectric Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan Lingyun Photoelectric Science & Technology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/005Soldering by means of radiant energy
    • B23K1/0056Soldering by means of radiant energy soldering by means of beams, e.g. lasers, E.B.
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K3/00Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
    • B23K3/06Solder feeding devices; Solder melting pans
    • B23K3/0607Solder feeding devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of laser welding, in particular to an automatic tin feeding laser welding method. A laser outputs laser to pre-heat welded workpieces by adopting a positive defocus way; tin wires are then output to a laser focus part, are melted to form tin balls, and are downwards moved to the part of the welded workpieces; the tin balls soak welding points through continuous laser irradiation; the tin wires are finally moved upwards to the initial position. According to the automatic tin feeding laser welding method, the stability in tin wire discharge can be ensured, the tin wires can be quickly melted after being in contact with the welding points, the focus of the laser is not in direct contact with the welding points, and thermosensitive elements surrounding a welding pad are prevented from being influenced by high temperature during welding.

Description

A kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser weld field, particularly relate to a kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding.
Background technology
Traditional automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding completes by controlling laser and Song Xi mechanism, and it can complete the welding of 3C electronic product, and the welding for the not high heat sensitive component of temperature requirement also can be competent at.
Be illustrated in figure 2 traditional welding method flow process, it is divided into following steps: (1) will be soldered workpiece movable to predetermined welding position; (2) laser instrument is with predetermined electric current or energy Emission Lasers, makes it irradiate pad; (3) the wire feed time delay of a Ge Song tin mechanism is set, makes laser energy fully preheating solder joint; ⑷Song tin mechanism is sent to solder joint place tin silk, tin silk fusing also wettable pads under the effect of laser emission; Silk moves back in ⑸Song tin mechanism makes unfused tin silk depart from pad, and the laser instrument still bright dipping tin energy complete wetting weldering pad that makes to have melted; (6) laser instrument stops bright dipping; (7), without the irradiation of laser, tin natural coagulation, forms solder joint, completes welding.
Because tin silk in conventional method is directly in the wire vent of pad place, tin silk easily causes the bending of tin silk, plug wire by the obstruction of pad and welds the change of front and back tin silk initial point position, this a series of factor causes the state of tin silk uncontrollable, cause the number of tin amount uncontrollable, if tin amount is welded less, dish heat is still superfluous, and cause pad to burn, if tin amount is crossed at most, pad heat is inadequate, after causing tin to melt, balling-up but not wettable pads, forms rosin joint.In addition, because tin silk absorbs heat, pad is also had to absorb heat, on pad draw pin lead-in wire also can absorb heat, except the heat radiation of tin silk is comparatively stablized controlled, pad varies with the heat radiation of drawing pin lead-in wire, and tin silk be made to melt smoothly and not damage pad and components and parts, and this series of factors further increases the difficulty of the thread state conservative control of tin.And in addition, during welding, laser spot is direct irradiation solder joint place, this has very large latent lesion to heat sensitive component.In existing situation, laser spot long duration of action pad be avoided and solve the uncontrollable problem of the thread state of tin to realize continuity welding, be difficult to realize with traditional ways and means.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding and welder.It can ensure that the thread state of tin is controlled, can melt rapidly after tin silk contact pad, and the focus of laser is direct and contact pads, and the heat sensitive component near guarantee pad is not by temperatures involved when welding.
For a kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding of the present invention, above-mentioned technical problem is solved like this:
Comprise the following steps:
A, the welding bench being loaded with welded piece is moved on to appointment welding position;
B, laser instrument send laser, adopt positive out of focus mode to carry out preheating to welded piece;
C, automatic tin feeding machine start wire feed, tin silk are delivered to the laser spot place that laser instrument sends, and tin silk front end is melted and formed tin ball;
D, automatic tin feeding machine constantly transport tin feeding wire, and tin ball becomes large gradually;
Tin silk moves down on welded piece by e, automatic tin feeding machine, and tin ball contacts with the pad of welded piece;
F, tin ball melt further under the irradiation of laser, until infiltrate the pad of welded piece;
G, automatic tin feeding machine move, and Xi Si departs from pad and tin ball;
H, laser instrument stop bright dipping;
I, automatic tin feeding machine get back to initial position.
Further, in step b, defocusing amount when the positive out of focus mode of laser is irradiated is 1 ~ 5mm.
Further, in step b, laser instrument Emission Lasers carries out the time of preheating between 0 ~ 0.5s to welded piece.
Further, in step b, during laser instrument preheating, the electric current of its inside is 50% ~ 90% of maximum current.
Further, in step c-e, tin ball is positioned at directly over the pad of welded piece all the time.
Further, in step e, tin silk moves down in the whole process on welded piece by automatic tin feeding machine, and tin action is sent in the automatic tin feeding machine maintenance that remains unchanged.
Further, in step e, tin ball contacts automatic tin feeding machine after a period of time and stops wire feed with the pad of welded piece.
Further, described a period of time is between 0.01 ~ 0.5s.
Further, in step f, after automatic tin feeding machine stops wire feed, laser instrument irradiates tin ball, until tin ball wettable pads with maximum current Output of laser.
Further, t1 preheating time of laser instrument bright dipping time t and described laser preheated weld workpiece in welding process, automatic tin feeding machine start wire feed drop to welded piece place to t3 fall time that automatic tin feeding machine starts the time t2 before declining, automatic tin feeding machine drops to welded piece place, automatic tin feeding machine after to its leave welded piece weld interval t4 and automatic tin feeding machine uphill process in irradiation t5 time delay between pass be: t=t1+t2+t3+t4+t5.
Further, automatic tin feeding machine wire feed time Δ t and described automatic tin feeding machine start wire feed drop to welded piece place to t3 fall time that automatic tin feeding machine starts the time t2 before declining, automatic tin feeding machine drops to welded piece place, automatic tin feeding machine after to its leave welded piece weld interval t4 pass be: t2+t3< Δ t<t2+t3+t4.
When the present invention is applied in the welding of 3C electronic product, pad is the pad of PC circuit board, and the initial time of automatic tin feeding machine wire feed time Δ t of the present invention tin silk is delivered to the laser spot place that laser instrument sends.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention adopts positive out of focus mode to carry out preheating to welded piece, ensure that the temperature of welded piece, when avoiding welding, welded piece absorbs heat and causes welding temperature decline not prison welding.Be sent to by tin silk after preheating and melt at focus place, tin silk melt temperature can reach, and is unlikely to again to make the welded piece temperature of below too high.Tin silk is delivered to pad place continuation laser again after forming tin ball and is irradiated, can when pad not Stimulated Light high temperature failure make the rapid wettable pads of tin ball, form rapid welding, the wire vent of tin silk is separated with pad simultaneously, whole wire vent process is not by the obstruction of pad, prevent bending and the plug wire phenomenon of tin silk, ensure that the controllability of the thread state of tin, ensure that the stable of tin amount.Along with the progress laser instrument of welding adopts different electric current Output of lasers, namely protect temperature-sensitive element and be not damaged, enable again tin silk melt welding.In automatic tin feeding machine decline process, tin silk keeps exporting, and ensure that the tin amount for welding is stablized; Adopting high-power electric current Output of laser again after stopping wire vent, ensureing that the tin amount for welding is unlikely to superfluous; And automatic tin feeding machine just rises after waiting tin ball to infiltrate pad, ensure that welding is evenly firm; After automatic tin feeding machine starts to rise, the irradiation of laser instrument just stops, and avoids weld and cools the tin silk caused and cannot to depart from or tin silk ribbon moves solder joint and moves together and cause welding unsuccessfully.Adopt seal wire flexible pipe and Xi Si clamping device wire feed, ensure that the transmission of tin silk is stablized, also ensure that tin silk front end just in time can be in the focus place of laser, thus ensure that the melting process of tin silk is carried out smoothly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of traditional automatic tin-feeding laser weld;
Fig. 3 is flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the working timing figure of laser instrument of the present invention, automatic tin feeding machine;
In figure: 1-laser instrument, 2-automatic tin feeding machine, 3-welding bench, 4-lifting shaft, 5-seal wire flexible pipe, 6-tin silk connecting gear, 7-tin silk clamping device, 8-tin silk.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes automatic tin feeding machine 2, laser instrument 1 and welding bench 3, below the focus that welding bench 3 upper surface is positioned at laser instrument 1 Output of laser, (dotted line shown in figure is Output of laser, article two, the intersection point of dotted line is the output focus of laser), automatic tin feeding machine comprises lifting shaft 4, tin silk clamping device 7, seal wire flexible pipe 5 and Xi Si connecting gear 6.Lifting shaft 4 upper end is fixed on the side of laser instrument 1, can move up and down along laser instrument 1 side, lower end is fixedly connected with tin silk clamping device 7, seal wire flexible pipe 5 is connected between tin silk connecting gear 6 and tin silk clamping device 7, its filament mouth is corresponding with the outlet of tin silk clamping device 7, tin silk 8 is sent in tin silk clamping device 7 by tin silk connecting gear 6 from seal wire flexible pipe 5, and derives from the outlet of tin silk clamping device 7.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, in figure, wire feed time delay and laser carry out the time of preheating to welded piece, and lifting shaft decline time delay is the time that laser melts the tin silk being in focus place, and as can be seen from the figure the step of the present invention's welding is as follows:
A, the welding bench being loaded with welded piece is moved on to appointment welding position;
B, laser instrument send laser, adopt positive out of focus mode to carry out preheating to welded piece;
C, automatic tin feeding machine start wire feed, tin silk are delivered to the laser spot place that laser instrument sends, and tin silk front end is melted and formed tin ball;
D, automatic tin feeding machine constantly transport tin feeding wire, and tin ball becomes large gradually;
Tin silk moves down on welded piece by e, automatic tin feeding machine, and tin ball contacts with the pad of welded piece;
F, tin ball melt further under the irradiation of laser, until infiltrate the pad of welded piece;
G, automatic tin feeding machine move, and Xi Si departs from pad and tin ball;
H, laser instrument stop bright dipping;
I, automatic tin feeding machine get back to initial position.
T1 preheating time of laser instrument bright dipping time t and described laser preheated weld workpiece in welding process, automatic tin feeding machine start wire feed drop to welded piece place to t3 fall time that automatic tin feeding machine starts the time t2 before declining, automatic tin feeding machine drops to welded piece place, automatic tin feeding machine after to its leave welded piece weld interval t4 and automatic tin feeding machine uphill process in irradiation t5 time delay between pass be: t=t1+t2+t3+t4+t5.
Further, automatic tin feeding machine wire feed time Δ t and described automatic tin feeding machine start wire feed drop to welded piece place to t3 fall time that automatic tin feeding machine starts the time t2 before declining, automatic tin feeding machine drops to welded piece place, automatic tin feeding machine after to its leave welded piece weld interval t4 pass be: t2+t3< Δ t<t2+t3+t4.
Wherein, drop in this whole process of pad place to tin ball at formation tin ball, tin ball is all positioned at directly over pad.When welding beginning, first position equipment, positioning requirements is positioned at 1 ~ 5mm place directly over pad for making Laser Focusing point, is 2mm place in the present embodiment, then makes the lifting shaft 4 of automatic tin feeding machine 2 upwards improve 2mm.The pad size of current required welding is estimated, then finds out the tin filament length degree L of welding needed for this pad.In order to more high efficiency welding, need wire feed time controling within 2s, the present embodiment adopts in 1.5s, and namely wire feed rate V numerical value is set to the half or more of tin silk length value usually.Decide the size of maximum bright dipping electric current I according to the wire feed rate arranged, the size of maximum bright dipping electric current I can make rapidly the minimum current that tin silk melts be as the criterion to adopt during this wire feed rate.In whole welding process, the electric current of laser instrument is curved change, at warm-up phase of the present invention, the electric current of laser instrument is 50% ~ 90% of maximum current, and touches in pad to the process of tin ball wettable pads at tin ball and adopt maximum current Output of laser to irradiate.And the time dependent design parameter of the present embodiment electric current is as shown in Table 1:
Table one:
Time (%) 70 90 100
Electric current (%) 35 85 100
Laser instrument 1, automatic tin feeding machine 2 are all controlled by control system, allow the height of automatic tin feeding machine, send tin time speed mutually to mate with the series of parameters such as time, size of laser instrument Output of laser, complete weld task accurately.In order to make welding process complete smoothly, controller is also provided with a series of time delay to laser instrument 1, automatic tin feeding machine 2.
T1 preheating time of laser instrument bright dipping time t and described laser preheated weld workpiece in welding process, automatic tin feeding machine start wire feed drop to welded piece place to t3 fall time that automatic tin feeding machine starts the time t2 before declining, automatic tin feeding machine drops to welded piece place, automatic tin feeding machine after to its leave welded piece weld interval t4 and automatic tin feeding machine uphill process in irradiation t5 time delay between pass be: t=t1+t2+t3+t4+t5.
Automatic tin feeding machine wire feed time Δ t with drop to welded piece place from described dynamic send tin machine to start wire feed starts the time t2 before declining to automatic tin feeding machine, automatic tin feeding machine drops to welded piece place t3 fall time, automatic tin feeding machine after to its leave welded piece weld interval t4 pass be: t2+t3< Δ t<t2+t3+t4, wherein the initial time of automatic tin feeding machine wire feed time Δ t tin silk is delivered to the laser spot place that laser instrument sends
The design parameter of the present embodiment is arranged as shown in Table 2:
Table two:
Parameter name Parameter size Parameter name Parameter size
Wire feed length L (mm) 14 Wire feed time delay T 1(s) 0.1
Wire feed rate V (mm/s) 14 Bright dipping time delay T 2(s) 0
Bright dipping time t (s) 1.8 Lifting shaft decline time delay T 3(s) 0.8
Maximum bright dipping electric current I (A) 20 T during lifting shaft rising edge 4(s) 0.8
In table, bright dipping time delay T2 is after welding bench moves into place and the time interval of laser instrument Output of laser, because two processes are carried out continuously, so the value of T2 is set to 0.The value of the wire feed time delay T1 time that to be laser carry out preheating to welded piece i.e. t1 above, T1 according to tin silk 8 end from the distance of Laser Focusing point and wire feed rate V and and pad institute calorific requirement determine, usually lifting shaft 4 declines the time delay T3 time that to be laser melt the tin silk being in focus place and t2, and during lifting shaft 4 rising edge, T4 is the time interval and t3+t4 that lifting shaft 4 starts to drop to that lifting shaft 4 starts to rise.When lifting shaft 4 starts to rise in the present embodiment, laser instrument continuation bright dipping t5 stops after 0.1s.The setting of T3 is to control tin amount, and T4 is to control weld interval, and both setting is all can be paved with pad smoothly after making tin melt.Can show that the value of bright dipping time t is: 0.1+0.8+0.8+0.1=1.8s according to this formula of bright dipping time t=t1+t2+t3+t4+t5.T3 is set to 0.8s, ensure lifting shaft 4 down maneuver complete after automatic tin feeding machine 2 tin feeding wire action also poor 0.3s just complete completely, ensure that tin amount is accurate.T4 is set to 0.8s, ensure the action of automatic tin feeding machine 2 tin feeding wire complete 0.5s after shifting axle just start to rise, when ensureing that shifting axle rises to initial position, laser is still irradiating pad.
The above, be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that any those of ordinary skill in the art are in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. an automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A, the welding bench being loaded with welded piece is moved on to appointment welding position;
B, laser instrument send laser, adopt positive out of focus mode to carry out preheating to welded piece;
C, automatic tin feeding machine start wire feed, tin silk are delivered to the laser spot place that laser instrument sends, and tin silk front end is melted and formed tin ball;
D, automatic tin feeding machine constantly transport tin feeding wire, and tin ball becomes large gradually;
Tin silk moves down on welded piece by e, automatic tin feeding machine, and tin ball contacts with the pad of welded piece;
F, tin ball melt further under the irradiation of laser, until infiltrate the pad of welded piece;
G, automatic tin feeding machine move, and Xi Si departs from pad and tin ball;
H, laser instrument stop bright dipping;
I, automatic tin feeding machine get back to initial position.
2. a kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step b, and defocusing amount when the positive out of focus mode of laser is irradiated is 1 ~ 5mm.
3. a kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step b, and laser instrument Emission Lasers carries out the time of preheating between 0.01 ~ 0.5s to welded piece.
4. a kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step b, and during laser instrument preheating, the electric current of its inside is 50% ~ 90% of maximum current.
5. a kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step c-e, tin ball is positioned at directly over the pad of welded piece all the time.
6. a kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step e, and tin silk moves down in the whole process on welded piece by automatic tin feeding machine, and tin action is sent in the automatic tin feeding machine maintenance that remains unchanged.
7. a kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step e, and tin ball contacts automatic tin feeding machine after a period of time and stops wire feed with the pad of welded piece.
8. a kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: described a period of time is between 0.01 ~ 0.5s.
9. a kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step f, and after automatic tin feeding machine stops wire feed, laser instrument irradiates tin ball with maximum current Output of laser, until tin ball infiltrates pad.
10. a kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: t1 preheating time of laser instrument bright dipping time t and described laser preheated weld workpiece in welding process, automatic tin feeding machine start wire feed drop to welded piece place to t3 fall time that automatic tin feeding machine starts the time t2 before declining, automatic tin feeding machine drops to welded piece place, automatic tin feeding machine after to its leave welded piece weld interval t4 and automatic tin feeding machine uphill process in irradiation t5 time delay between pass be: t=t1+t2+t3+t4+t5.
11. a kind of automatic tin-feeding method for laser welding as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that: automatic tin feeding machine wire feed time Δ t and described automatic tin feeding machine start wire feed drop to welded piece place to t3 fall time that automatic tin feeding machine starts the time t2 before declining, automatic tin feeding machine drops to welded piece place, automatic tin feeding machine after to its leave welded piece weld interval t4 pass be: t2+t3< Δ t<t2+t3+t4.
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Cited By (9)

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CN105312704A (en) * 2015-11-05 2016-02-10 武汉凌云光电科技有限责任公司 Self-flowing type soldering method and system used for laser welding
CN106001823A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-10-12 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 Laser wire-feeding welding method and device
CN107414227A (en) * 2017-07-06 2017-12-01 深圳云麟科技有限公司 Method for laser welding and device
CN109623063A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-04-16 长兴金润大正机械有限公司 Joint welding method and joint welder
CN109759666A (en) * 2017-07-11 2019-05-17 温州职业技术学院 A kind of laser soldering method of rectifier diode assembly parts
CN111940899A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-11-17 深圳市润安科技发展有限公司 Efficient and accurate welding method and system for anti-tension-bending component in wrist strap
CN112008177A (en) * 2019-05-29 2020-12-01 发那科株式会社 Welding device for welding by laser and robot device provided with welding device
CN113770468A (en) * 2021-08-27 2021-12-10 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 Light beam welding apparatus, method, device, storage medium, and electronic device
CN116713549A (en) * 2023-08-08 2023-09-08 武汉松盛光电科技有限公司 Laser welding device and laser welding method

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CN103801833A (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-05-21 北京工业大学 Laser filler wire welding method for thick plate narrow gap
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Cited By (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105312704A (en) * 2015-11-05 2016-02-10 武汉凌云光电科技有限责任公司 Self-flowing type soldering method and system used for laser welding
CN106001823A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-10-12 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 Laser wire-feeding welding method and device
CN106001823B (en) * 2016-07-29 2018-11-13 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 Laser Overlaying welding method and device
CN107414227A (en) * 2017-07-06 2017-12-01 深圳云麟科技有限公司 Method for laser welding and device
CN109759666A (en) * 2017-07-11 2019-05-17 温州职业技术学院 A kind of laser soldering method of rectifier diode assembly parts
CN109623063A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-04-16 长兴金润大正机械有限公司 Joint welding method and joint welder
CN112008177A (en) * 2019-05-29 2020-12-01 发那科株式会社 Welding device for welding by laser and robot device provided with welding device
CN112008177B (en) * 2019-05-29 2024-04-26 发那科株式会社 Welding device for welding by laser and robot device provided with welding device
CN111940899A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-11-17 深圳市润安科技发展有限公司 Efficient and accurate welding method and system for anti-tension-bending component in wrist strap
CN113770468A (en) * 2021-08-27 2021-12-10 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 Light beam welding apparatus, method, device, storage medium, and electronic device
CN116713549A (en) * 2023-08-08 2023-09-08 武汉松盛光电科技有限公司 Laser welding device and laser welding method
CN116713549B (en) * 2023-08-08 2023-11-10 武汉松盛光电科技有限公司 Laser welding device and laser welding method

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