CN104389986A - Large-sized gear blank and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Large-sized gear blank and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104389986A CN104389986A CN201410613726.2A CN201410613726A CN104389986A CN 104389986 A CN104389986 A CN 104389986A CN 201410613726 A CN201410613726 A CN 201410613726A CN 104389986 A CN104389986 A CN 104389986A
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- Prior art keywords
- blank
- wheel hub
- large gear
- annulus
- profiled member
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/06—Use of materials; Use of treatments of toothed members or worms to affect their intrinsic material properties
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-sized gear blank. The large-sized gear blank comprises a forging-formed gear ring (10), a forging-formed wheel hub (20) and connecting devices (30), wherein the forging-formed wheel hub (20) can be matched and connected with the inner side wall of the gear ring (10); the connecting devices (30) are arranged on end faces of two sides of the large-sized gear blank formed by matching the gear ring (10) with the wheel hub (20) and is positioned at a circular clearance formed by matching the gear ring (10) with the wheel hub (20). The invention also discloses a processing method for the large-sized gear blank. The large-sized gear blank is formed by mutually connecting the forging-formed gear ring (10) with the forging-formed wheel hub (20), so the quality problem of the large-sized gear blank can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical engineering technical field, particularly a kind of large gear blank.In addition, the invention still further relates to a kind of processing method of above-mentioned large gear blank.
Background technique
Along with the fast development of China's economic construction, market increases day by day for the demand of mechanized equipment.
We know, in mechanical industry, gear is one of the driving parts on basis.No matter be at automotive field, or in equipment manufacture field, the figure of gear can be seen.Gear is by engage each other and the diameter of self carrys out governing speed; In running, because two gears engage each other, the flank of tooth can be subject to larger alternating stress and contact stress, and meanwhile, two flank of tooth also can produce frictional force.If gears meshing is uneven, the impact to the flank of tooth will be caused, occur the situation of tooth surface abrasion or even broken teeth.
Based on stressing conditions and the damage type of said gear, the quality of processing for gear blank requires very high.Generally, machining gears blank has casting and forging two kinds of modes.Forging mode is applicable to miniature gear blank, because the quality of processing of Forging Technology is higher, can be good at the required precision meeting gear.And for the large gear of diameter more than two meters, due to the restriction of the restriction and gear blank cost that are subject to forging equipment size, generally adopt lower-cost casting technique.But casting technique easily causes yield rate low, and tooth root place easily occurs casting defect, has a strong impact on the working life of gear.
Therefore, the quality problems how solving large gear blank are the current technical issues that need to address of those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of large gear blank, this gear blank can solve problem of low quality.Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of processing method of above-mentioned large gear blank.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of large gear blank, comprise the gear ring of forging molding, can be in mating connection with the madial wall of described gear ring the wheel hub of casting and connection set; Described connection set is arranged on the both sides end face of large gear blank that formed after described gear ring coordinates with described wheel hub, and is positioned at and coordinates by described gear ring the rounded gap formed afterwards with described wheel hub.
Preferably, described connection set comprise be arranged on shaping described large gear blank each side end face on, and be evenly distributed on multiple straight pins at circular described gap place.
Preferably, the madial wall of described gear ring and the outer side wall of described wheel hub are have the step-like structure that can make both Spielpassung above-mentioned.
Preferably, the material of described gear ring is 35CrMo; The material of described wheel hub is ZG35CrMo.
The present invention also provides a kind of processing method of large gear blank, and be applicable to the large gear blank described in above-mentioned any one, the method comprises the following steps:
A1) the wheel hub profiled member of described wheel hub is cast;
A2) successively roughing, quenching with Subsequent tempering and fine finishing are carried out to described wheel hub profiled member, become wheel hub blank;
A3) forging, rolling ring go out circular annulus profiled member;
A4) successively roughing, quenching with Subsequent tempering and fine finishing are carried out to described annulus profiled member, obtain annulus blank;
A5) described wheel hub blank is arranged at inside described annulus blank, and by connection set, both is connected;
A6) on the outer circumferential face of described annulus blank, process the gear teeth, the center hole sidewall of described wheel hub blank processes keyway, obtains large gear blank.
Preferably, the operation of casting described wheel hub profiled member comprises the following steps:
B1) pattern draft setting described wheel hub profiled member is 1:20;
B2) on described wheel hub profiled member, the excessive fillet that radius is 17mm ~ 25mm is cast.
Preferably, the machining allowance after the roughing of described wheel hub profiled member is 5mm; The hardness of quenching with Subsequent tempering is HB250 ~ HB280.
Preferably, the hardness of described annulus profiled member quenching with Subsequent tempering is HB250 ~ HB280.
Preferably, after described wheel hub blank has been connected with annulus blank, before processing the gear teeth and keyway, further comprising the steps of:
C1) annealing in process is carried out to described wheel hub blank and described annulus blank;
C2) machining is carried out to described wheel hub blank and described annulus blank.
In the present invention, large gear blank is divided into wheel hub and gear ring two-part, and have employed wheel hub is cast, to the mode that gear ring forges, wheel hub is coordinated with gear ring, and after the installing and connecting apparatus of junction, form complete large gear blank.Due to the wheel hub adopting forging type processing not high to required precision, to easily to lose efficacy in large gear blank and the quality of the higher teeth portion of required precision can not have an impact, in addition, the wheel hub of casting has stronger compression resistance, can be good at the transmission requirement meeting gear axis position, thus adopt the wheel hub of casting can realize the quality requirement of large gear blank.And adopt Forging Technology processing gear ring, because the quality of processing of Forging Technology is higher, after machining, as the gear ring of teeth portion parts in large gear blank, its quality can meet the technological requirement to the higher teeth portion of required precision; Therefore, adopt the wheel hub of casting and the gear ring of forging molding, after wheel hub being engaged in the madial wall of gear ring, the large gear blank of formation, effectively can solve the quality problems of large gear blank, reach usage requirement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the large gear blank that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view along A-A direction in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the gear ring in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the wheel hub in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view along B-B direction in Fig. 4.
Embodiment
Core of the present invention is to provide a kind of large gear blank, and this gear blank can solve problem of low quality; Another core of the present invention is to provide a kind of processing method of above-mentioned large gear blank.
In order to make those skilled in the art understand the present invention program better, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5; The structural representation of the large gear blank that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view along A-A direction in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the gear ring in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the wheel hub in Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view along B-B direction in Fig. 4.
Large gear blank provided by the present invention, adopts split-type structural, is coordinated by the gear ring 10 of forging molding and the wheel hub 20 of casting.Inside ring-type wheel hub 20 being placed on gear ring 10, form large gear blank; In addition, on the both sides end face of large gear blank, fixed connection apparatus 30; After gear ring 10 coordinates with wheel hub 20, can on the both sides end face of large gear blank, the gap that formation one is rounded respectively, connection set 30 is arranged on this gap place by us, thus connection set 30 can be utilized gear ring 10 and wheel hub 20 to be linked together, obtain complete large gear blank.
The benefit of such setting is, is set to split type by large gear blank, adopts different manufacturing process to process gear ring 10 and wheel hub 20.For the difference in functionality of large gear blank different parts, use different processing technologys, make large gear blank meet quality requirement.
Specifically, the Main Function due to wheel hub 20 is the transmission agency meeting gear, not high to required precision, therefore adopts casting technique processing wheel hub 20; Meanwhile, casting technique can make again wheel hub 20 have good compression resistance, can meet the requirement of large gear blank for transmission agency completely.For the gear ring 10 of forging molding, because the quality of processing of Forging Technology is higher, therefore the gear ring 10 after forging has higher quality, there will not be owing to adopting casting technique and the defect such as the pore that easily occurs and sand holes, the gear ring 10 that quality can be provided higher for follow-up teeth portion processing technology.
Therefore, adopt the gear ring 10 of forging molding and the wheel hub 20 of casting, and both are combined the mode forming large gear blank, the quality of large gear blank can be ensured, reach usage requirement.
In addition, on each side end face of shaping large gear blank, connection set 30 is for being evenly distributed on multiple straight pins at circular gap place.Here the gap of the circle of indication is formed after gear ring 10 is connected with wheel hub 20.
At this, according to practical experience, the number of straight pin on each side end face of large gear blank is set to 8 by us, and these 8 straight pins are the gap places being evenly placed on the circle formed after gear ring 10 coordinates with wheel hub 20.Do like this and can realize the relative fixing of gear ring 10 and wheel hub 20; Meanwhile, owing to having 8 straight pins at the end face of every side, namely symmetrical placement on the axial direction of large gear blank, can make gear ring 10 more reliable with fixing of wheel hub 20 like this.
Certainly, the straight pin of 10 or more number also evenly can be placed by the gap place of the circle formed after gear ring 10 coordinates with wheel hub 20, is not limited to 8 straight pins as herein described.The object arranging the straight pin of different number is all to make the connection between gear ring 10 and wheel hub 20 reliable, not repeating them here.
In addition, because large gear blank is in mating connection by the outer side wall of the madial wall of gear ring 10 and wheel hub 20 and formed, therefore the outer side wall of the madial wall of gear ring 10 and wheel hub 20 can be set to the step-like structure that can carry out Spielpassung.
Such setting produces larger frictional force in order to make between the outer side wall of the madial wall of gear ring 10 and wheel hub 20, thus it is tight to ensure that gear ring 10 coordinates with wheel hub 20, realizes large gear blank and has better quality.
Further, we according to the profile of tooth Impact direction of large gear blank, can also arrange the step shape of the madial wall of gear ring 10 and the outer side wall of wheel hub 20.Do so is also to make gear ring 10 tight with coordinating of wheel hub 20, ensureing that large gear blank has higher quality.
Certainly, for the structure characteristic of the madial wall of gear ring 10 and the outer side wall of wheel hub 20, we can also be set to other different forms, and its object is all to make gear ring 10 reliable with coordinating of wheel hub 20, making large gear blank have higher quality.Other forms are repeated no more herein.
According to practical experience, we use 35CrMo as the material of gear ring 10, use ZC35CrMo as the material of wheel hub 20.Material herein can be determined according to the purposes of different large gear blank, is not limited to material as herein described.
Present invention also offers a kind of processing method of processing above-mentioned large gear blank, comprise the following steps:
A1) the wheel hub profiled member of described wheel hub 20 is cast;
A2) successively roughing, quenching with Subsequent tempering and fine finishing are carried out to described wheel hub profiled member, become wheel hub blank;
A3) forging, rolling ring go out circular annulus profiled member;
A4) successively roughing, quenching with Subsequent tempering and fine finishing are carried out to described annulus profiled member, obtain annulus blank;
A5) described wheel hub blank is arranged at inside described annulus blank, and by connection set 30, both is connected;
A6) on the outer circumferential face of described annulus blank, process the gear teeth, the center hole sidewall of described wheel hub blank processes keyway, obtains large gear blank.
Here, herein wheel hub profiled member is defined as and there is wheel hub general outline shape, and do not carry out the material block of any surface Machining, process.Similar, herein annulus profiled member is defined as and there is annulus general outline shape, and do not carry out the material block of any surface Machining, process.
Steps A 1) and steps A 2) processing method of wheel hub blank is illustrated; First the wheel hub profiled member of casting hub 20, then roughing, quenching with Subsequent tempering and fine finishing are carried out to wheel hub profiled member, become wheel hub blank.
Steps A 3) and steps A 4) processing method of annulus blank is illustrated; Annulus blank reality herein just refers to the annulus blank of gear ring 10.First forging, rolling ring go out circular annulus profiled member, then carry out roughing, quenching with Subsequent tempering and fine finishing to annulus profiled member, become annulus blank.
Steps A 5) Placement of wheel hub blank and annulus blank is illustrated.Wheel hub blank is arranged at inside annulus blank, and by connection set 30, both is connected.And the mounting type of connection set 30, as mentioned previously, repeat no more herein.
In addition, after wheel hub blank has been connected with annulus blank, connection set 30 can also be welded on wheel hub blank and annulus blank by we; So, wheel hub blank, annulus blank and connection set 30, can not move by occurrence positions between three, keeps relative position constant,
Steps A 6) describe the processing mode of the keyway on the gear teeth and center hole sidewall.After wheel hub blank has been connected with annulus blank, the outer circumferential face of annulus blank processes the gear teeth, the center hole sidewall of wheel hub blank has processed keyway, obtains large gear blank.
The mode of processing the gear teeth here has multiple, can be hobbing processes or gear shaping technique; No matter adopt which kind of technique, its object has been all the processing of profile of tooth.Certainly, other techniques also can be adopted herein to complete gear teeth processing, do not limit herein.
In addition, described herein is first process wheel hub blank, then processes annulus blank; That is, be according to first carrying out steps A 1 herein) and steps A 2), then carry out steps A 3) and steps A 4) order processing.But in a practical situation, we also can first process annulus blank, reprocessing wheel hub blank; That is, we first can carry out steps A 3) and steps A 4), then carry out steps A 1) and steps A 2).Certainly, we also can carry out the processing of wheel hub blank and annulus blank simultaneously.
In addition, after obtaining large gear blank, we can also carry out temper; This is to make the large gear blank finally obtained have good mechanical property, can being competent at transmission agency.
For the operation of casting hub profiled member, can also comprise the following steps:
B1) pattern draft setting wheel hub profiled member is 1:20;
B2) on wheel hub profiled member, the excessive fillet that radius is 17mm ~ 25mm is cast.
According to practical experience, the pattern draft of wheel hub profiled member is set to 1:20, and casts the excessive fillet that radius is 17mm ~ 25mm.This is done to the depanning facilitating wheel hub profiled member, and make the internal stress of wheel hub profiled member more even.
Certainly, the radius of the pattern draft of wheel hub profiled member and excessively fillet also can be described herein outside other numerical value, concrete numerical value can be determined according to actual conditions.
In addition, the machining allowance arranged after the roughing of wheel hub profiled member is 5mm; The hardness of quenching with Subsequent tempering is HB250 ~ HB280.And the hardness arranging the quenching with Subsequent tempering of annulus profiled member is HB250 ~ HB280.
According to practical experience, for wheel hub profiled member, after roughing is carried out to it, reserve the machining allowance of 5mm, so that the follow-up fine finishing carried out; And the hardness of the quenching with Subsequent tempering of wheel hub profiled member and annulus profiled member is arranged between HB250 ~ HB280, makes wheel hub profiled member and annulus profiled member ensure to have certain hardness.Machining allowance herein and the hardness of quenching with Subsequent tempering can set other numerical value according to actual conditions.
In addition, after wheel hub blank has been connected with annulus blank, before processing the gear teeth and keyway, further comprising the steps of:
C1) annealing in process is carried out to described wheel hub blank and described annulus blank;
C2) machining is carried out to described wheel hub blank and described annulus blank.
That is, in steps A 5) and steps A 6) between, above-mentioned two steps can also be comprised.First, annealing in process is carried out to wheel hub blank and annulus blank, then machining is carried out to wheel hub blank and annulus blank.
Annealing in process is carried out to wheel hub blank and annulus blank, its objective is the stress in order to eliminate wheel hub blank inside and annulus blank inside, making both have good machinability.
Then machining is carried out to wheel hub blank and annulus blank, its objective is and make both have higher surface accuracy, to carry out the processing technologys such as follow-up tooth is shaping.
Above large gear blank provided by the present invention and processing method thereof are described in detail.Apply specific case herein to set forth principle of the present invention and mode of execution, the explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a large gear blank, it is characterized in that, comprise the gear ring (10) of forging molding, can be in mating connection with the madial wall of described gear ring (10) the wheel hub (20) of casting and connection set (30); Described connection set (30) is arranged on the both sides end face of large gear blank that formed after described gear ring (10) coordinates with described wheel hub (20), and is positioned at and coordinates by described gear ring (10) the rounded gap formed afterwards with described wheel hub (20).
2. large gear blank according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described connection set (30) comprise be arranged on shaping described large gear blank each side end face on, and be evenly distributed on multiple straight pins at circular described gap place.
3. large gear blank according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the madial wall of described gear ring (10) and the outer side wall of described wheel hub (20) are have the step-like structure that can make both Spielpassung above-mentioned.
4. according to the large gear blank in claim 1-3 described in any one, it is characterized in that, the material of described gear ring (10) is 35CrMo; The material of described wheel hub (20) is ZG35CrMo.
5. a processing method for large gear blank, is characterized in that, be applicable to the large gear blank according to any one of the claims 1-4, the method comprises the following steps:
A1) the wheel hub profiled member of described wheel hub (20) is cast;
A2) successively roughing, quenching with Subsequent tempering and fine finishing are carried out to described wheel hub profiled member, become wheel hub blank;
A3) forging, rolling ring go out circular annulus profiled member;
A4) successively roughing, quenching with Subsequent tempering and fine finishing are carried out to described annulus profiled member, obtain annulus blank;
A5) described wheel hub blank is arranged at inside described annulus blank, and by described connection set (30), both is connected;
A6) on the outer circumferential face of described annulus blank, process the gear teeth, the center hole sidewall of described wheel hub blank processes keyway, obtains large gear blank.
6. the processing method of large gear blank according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the operation of casting described wheel hub profiled member comprises the following steps:
B1) pattern draft setting described wheel hub profiled member is 1:20;
B2) on described wheel hub profiled member, the excessive fillet that radius is 17mm ~ 25mm is cast.
7. the processing method of large gear blank according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the machining allowance after the roughing of described wheel hub profiled member is 5mm; The hardness of quenching with Subsequent tempering is HB250 ~ HB280.
8. the processing method of large gear blank according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the hardness of described annulus profiled member quenching with Subsequent tempering is HB250 ~ HB280.
9., according to the processing method of the large gear blank in claim 5-8 described in any one, it is characterized in that, after described wheel hub blank has been connected with annulus blank, before processing the gear teeth and keyway, further comprising the steps of:
C1) annealing in process is carried out to described wheel hub blank and described annulus blank;
C2) machining is carried out to described wheel hub blank and described annulus blank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410613726.2A CN104389986A (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2014-11-04 | Large-sized gear blank and processing method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410613726.2A CN104389986A (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2014-11-04 | Large-sized gear blank and processing method thereof |
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| CN104389986A true CN104389986A (en) | 2015-03-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201410613726.2A Pending CN104389986A (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2014-11-04 | Large-sized gear blank and processing method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107725729A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-02-23 | 北京大圣格尔冶金设备有限公司 | A kind of gear |
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| CN2830798Y (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2006-10-25 | 中信重型机械公司 | Welding planetary turner shaft for large plane-gear speed reducer |
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| DE102012208796A1 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2013-11-28 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Gear combination for drive train of motor vehicle, such as passenger car, has central part planetary carrier present between two outer part planetary carriers and has bent bar which plugs in hole of one of two outer part planetary carriers |
| CN203585260U (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-05-07 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Big rotary gear ring used for mining excavators |
| CN204201006U (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-03-11 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | A kind of large gear blank |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2830798Y (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2006-10-25 | 中信重型机械公司 | Welding planetary turner shaft for large plane-gear speed reducer |
| CN2916270Y (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2007-06-27 | 中信重型机械公司 | Rim ring combined type carburizing and quenching gear |
| CN101922164A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2010-12-22 | 抚顺矿业集团有限责任公司机械制造厂 | Pushing gear and rack |
| DE102012208796A1 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2013-11-28 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Gear combination for drive train of motor vehicle, such as passenger car, has central part planetary carrier present between two outer part planetary carriers and has bent bar which plugs in hole of one of two outer part planetary carriers |
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| CN107725729A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-02-23 | 北京大圣格尔冶金设备有限公司 | A kind of gear |
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Application publication date: 20150304 |