CN104389010A - Method of removing hydrogen on surface of workpiece in electroplating process - Google Patents
Method of removing hydrogen on surface of workpiece in electroplating process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104389010A CN104389010A CN201410794914.XA CN201410794914A CN104389010A CN 104389010 A CN104389010 A CN 104389010A CN 201410794914 A CN201410794914 A CN 201410794914A CN 104389010 A CN104389010 A CN 104389010A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method of removing hydrogen on the surface of a workpiece in the electroplating process. The method comprises the following step: adding a nonionic surfactant in an electroplating solution, wherein with the utilization of affinity of a lipophilic group of the nonionic surfactant and hydrogen, the lipophilic group is affinitive with water in the electroplating solution, so that the hydrogen is taken away from the surface of the workpiece by the nonionic surfactant and is dissolved in the water of the electroplating solution. According to the method disclosed by the invention, only the electroplating solution is added in the used electroplating solution in the electroplating process, and the hydrogen precipitated from the surface of the workpiece in the electroplating process can be taken away from the surface of the workpiece, so that the phenomenon that pinholes and hard spots are formed in a plating as the hydrogen stays on the surface of the workpiece in a bubble mode is avoided so as to enable the plating to be good in appearance, and meanwhile, the reduction of the corrosion resistance function and mechanical property of the plating is ensured. In addition, the method is simple and easy to operate and is low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of driving away workpiece surface hydrogen in electroplating process, belong to surface of workpiece processing technology field.
Background technology
Electroplating technology can make metal material surface functionalization, be widely used in the every field of national economy, as aerospace industry, automotive industry, shipbuilding industry, engineering materials, chemical industry, medicine equipment, Military Application with other are corrosion-resistant, the application of resistance to oxidation and wear-resistant aspect.When electroplating processes, because the deposition potential of hydrogen is lower, usually along with the precipitation of hydrogen, if the hydrogen of precipitation infiltrates coating and matrix metal, coating and matrix metal can be made to produce hydrogen embrittlement, have impact on the mechanical property of workpiece in aqueous solution plating.On the other hand, when the hydrogen of separating out rests on workpiece surface in the form of bubbles, then can cause coating pin hole and pit, this has not only had a strong impact on the ornamental of coating, also makes the anti-corrosion function of coating and mechanical property reduce.
In order to eliminate the impact of liberation of hydrogen in the research of electroplating technology, people use the method improving hydrogen-evolution overpotential to solve this problem mostly, but liberation of hydrogen is almost inevitable.Publication number is the patent of invention of CN101994140A, discloses the method for a kind of high-strength steel electroplated zinc nickel alloy dehydrogenation, comprises the steps: 1) by the high-duty steel part of plating admiro successively with water cleaning and with alcohol-pickled; 2) part through clean is inserted heat treated in vacuum oven, coating surface hydrogen atom is overflowed; 3) part through dehydrogenation is placed in citric acid-boric acid mixed aqueous solution activation treatment; 4) again Zinc-nickel alloy electroplating is carried out to the part through coating activation treatment; 5) part through telegram in reply plating is placed in chromic anhydride-sodium-chlor mixed aqueous solution Passivation Treatment; 6) the part clear water through Passivation Treatment is cleaned, dried up, satisfactory finished product can be obtained.Utilize the method can remove the hydrogen infiltrating matrix metal in electroplated zinc nickel alloy process preferably, reduce the generation of hydrogen embrittlement, but the method needs second time electroplating, more complicated in technique, and also cost also increases.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the method for workpiece surface hydrogen in a kind of expeling electroplating process newly.The method is simple, cost is low, workpiece surface is taken away when hydrogen has just been separated out and has also been attached to workpiece surface, the possibility that the hydrogen produced in electroplating process infiltrates coating and workpiece substrate is effectively prevent from source, reduce the generation of hydrogen embrittlement, ensure that the mechanical property of the ornamental of workpiece coating surface and workpiece.
The method of workpiece surface hydrogen in expeling electroplating process of the present invention, comprise operation workpiece being placed in electroplate liquid and carrying out electroplating, more specifically be included in electroplate liquid the step adding nonionic surface active agent, utilize the lipophilic group of nonionic surface active agent and hydrogen affine, water in hydrophilic radical and electroplate liquid is affine, make nonionic surface active agent that the hydrogen of workpiece surface is taken away workpiece surface, be dissolved in the water of composition electroplate liquid.
In electroplating process, workpiece surface inevitably has hydrogen and separates out, small hydrogen gas bubbles can be attached to workpiece surface before enough not large, when adding nonionic surface active agent in electroplate liquid, the lipophilic group (i.e. long-chain fat hydrocarbon) of nonionic surface active agent has very strong avidity to hydrogen, thus makes aliphatic hydrocarbon towards hydrogen gas bubbles inside and surround hydrogen; The hydrophilic radical of nonionic surface active agent then has very strong avidity to the glassware for drinking water in electroplate liquid, the hydrogen of workpiece surface is taken away workpiece surface easily under the effect of above-mentioned nonionic surface active agent lipophilic group and hydrophilic radical, soluble in water, achieve the object of driving away the hydrogen that workpiece surface is separated out in electroplating process; Due to hydrogen has been taken away workpiece surface, avoid the coating pin hole and pit that cause when hydrogen rests on workpiece surface in the form of bubbles, made coating have good outward appearance, also ensure that the anti-corrosion function of coating and mechanical property reduce simultaneously.
In technique scheme, the content that the add-on of described nonionic surface active agent preferably controls to make it in electroplate liquid is 2 ~ 10ppm, is more preferably 4 ~ 8ppm.
In technique scheme, described electroplate liquid can be electroplate liquid conventional in prior art, and can be specifically nickel-plating liquid, copper plating bath, chromium plating liquid or tin plating electrolyte etc., the formula of these electroplate liquids above-mentioned be same as the prior art.
In technique scheme, described nonionic surface active agent can be any one or the two or more combinations that are selected from TWEEN Series nonionic surface active agent and Si Ban series non-ionic type tensio-active agent.Described TWEEN Series nonionic surface active agent is this type of tensio-active agent conventional in prior art, can be specifically tween 20, Tween-60, tween-80 or tween 85 etc.; Described class of department series non-ionic type tensio-active agent is this type of tensio-active agent conventional in prior art, can be specifically Si Ban-20, Si Ban-60, span-80 or Si Ban-85 etc.
The method of the invention is except adding except nonionic surface active agent in electroplate liquid, and other step is all identical with existing conventional electroplating operations process.
Compared with prior art, the method of the invention is only add nonionic surface active agent in the electroplate liquid used in electroplating process, namely the hydrogen that workpiece surface in electroplating process is separated out can be taken away workpiece surface, avoid the coating pin hole and pit that cause when hydrogen rests on workpiece surface in the form of bubbles, make coating have good outward appearance, also ensure that the anti-corrosion function of coating and mechanical property reduce simultaneously; And method is simple to operation, cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 loads the opticmicroscope figure after 500g pressure by the sample of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and comparative example process gained in Vickers' hardness instrument; Wherein (a) obtains the opticmicroscope figure of sample for comparative example, and (b) obtains the opticmicroscope figure of sample for embodiment 1.
Embodiment
With specific embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1: carry out electronickelling operation using 45 steel as sample
1) alkali liquor oil removing is prepared: get sodium carbonate 25.0g, sodium hydroxide 12.5g, tertiary sodium phosphate 60.0g, water glass 7.5g distilled water dissolves, and is settled to 1 liter;
2) preparating acid washing lotion: the 110 milliliters of dilutions of the vitriol oil with 95% are settled to 1 liter;
3) prepare activation of cathode liquid: get Nickel dichloride hexahydrate 200g, concentrated hydrochloric acid 100ml, dissolve with distilled water, be settled to 1 liter.
4) preparation is containing the nickel-plating liquid of nonionic surface active agent: get nickel sulfate hexahydrate 1040g, six water nickelous chloride 104g, boric acid 144g, asccharin concentration 2.4g, 1,4 butynediol concentration 2.4g, tonka bean camphor 0.8g, sodium laurylsulfonate 0.4g, be dissolved completely in the plating tank of 4 liters with distilled water, then tween-80 is added, the concentration controlling tween-80 is 5ppm, regulates PH 4.5;
5) sample plating pretreatment: get 45 steel and carry out sandblasting, intercepting specification is that 45 steel of 17mm*17mm*5mm are as sample;
6) electroplating technique technological line is: on sample fixture → oil removing → pickling → clear water flushing → electrolyzer activate → thicken → go out groove → packaging; Specifically the fixture exposed is insulated by fixture on sample, then sample is put into alkali lye and soak 180s, taking-up is placed in pickle solution soaks 45s, and clear water puts into step 3 after rinsing) the activation of cathode liquid of joining carries out activation treatment (Dk=4A/dm
2, temperature: room temperature, time 2min), and then be placed in containing in steps 4) plating tank of institute's distribution plating solution carries out plating and thicken (current density 4.5A/dm
2, temperature 50 C, time 30min), go out groove, clear water rinses, and tears fixture open, obtains the sample after processing.
To the sample after above-mentioned steps process, adopt HB5067 standard method to carry out detection hydrogen embrittlement, add 75% δ bH, testpieces does not rupture in 200h.
The sample got after process as stated above loads 500g pressure opticmicroscope and sees to wipe around impression whether occur crackle after surface finish in Vickers' hardness instrument, occurs that crackle illustrative material fragility is higher.As shown in (b) in Fig. 1.
Comparative example
Repeat embodiment 1, as different from Example 1: step 4) in preparation be not containing nonionic surface active agent nickel-plating liquid namely prepare nickel-plating liquid time do not add tween-80.
To the sample after above-mentioned steps process, adopt HB5067 standard method to carry out detection hydrogen embrittlement, add 75% δ bH, testpieces does not rupture in 200h.
The sample got after process as stated above loads 500g pressure opticmicroscope and sees to wipe around impression whether occur crackle after surface finish in Vickers' hardness instrument, as shown in (a) in Fig. 1, around sample impression, occur crackle, illustrative material fragility is higher.
Embodiment 2
Repeat embodiment 1, as different from Example 1:
Step 4) in preparation be chromium plating liquid containing nonionic surface active agent, the formula of chromium plating liquid is as follows:
Chromic anhydride 250g/L, sulfuric acid 2g/L, trivalent chromium 3g/L, KF 4g/L, Si Ban-20 content in whole chromium plating liquid are 5ppm, regulate pH=3.5.
To the sample after above-mentioned steps process, adopt HB5067 standard method to carry out detection hydrogen embrittlement, add 75% δ bH, testpieces does not rupture in 200h.
Embodiment 3
Repeat embodiment 1, as different from Example 1:
Step 4) in preparation be tin plating electrolyte containing nonionic surface active agent, the formula of tin plating electrolyte is as follows:
Sodium stannate 50g/L, sodium hydroxide 12g/L, sodium acetate 25g/L, Si Ban-60 content in whole chromium plating liquid are 5ppm, and the content of tween 20 in whole chromium plating liquid is 2ppm, regulate pH=9.5.
To the sample after above-mentioned steps process, adopt HB5067 standard method to carry out detection hydrogen embrittlement, add 75% δ bH, testpieces does not rupture in 200h.
Claims (6)
1. drive away the method for workpiece surface hydrogen in electroplating process for one kind, it is characterized in that: be included in electroplate liquid the step adding nonionic surface active agent, utilize the lipophilic group of nonionic surface active agent and hydrogen affine, water in hydrophilic radical and electroplate liquid is affine, make nonionic surface active agent that the hydrogen of workpiece surface is taken away workpiece surface, be dissolved in the water of composition electroplate liquid.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the add-on of described nonionic surface active agent is that to control its content in electroplate liquid be 2 ~ 10ppm.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described electroplate liquid is nickel-plating liquid, copper plating bath, chromium plating liquid or tin plating electrolyte.
4. the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: described nonionic surface active agent is any one or the two or more combinations that are selected from TWEEN Series nonionic surface active agent and Si Ban series non-ionic type tensio-active agent.
5. the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: described TWEEN Series nonionic surface active agent is tween 20, Tween-60, tween-80 or tween 85.
6. the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: described class of department series non-ionic type tensio-active agent is Si Ban-20, Si Ban-60, span-80 or Si Ban-85.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410794914.XA CN104389010A (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | Method of removing hydrogen on surface of workpiece in electroplating process |
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| CN201410794914.XA CN104389010A (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | Method of removing hydrogen on surface of workpiece in electroplating process |
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| CN104389010A true CN104389010A (en) | 2015-03-04 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108998817A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-14 | 鹤山市精工制版有限公司 | A kind of bottoming nickel-plating liquid additive and its application |
| CN114517324A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-05-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Dispersant for nano solid particles and composite plating solution containing same |
-
2014
- 2014-12-19 CN CN201410794914.XA patent/CN104389010A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108998817A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-14 | 鹤山市精工制版有限公司 | A kind of bottoming nickel-plating liquid additive and its application |
| CN114517324A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-05-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Dispersant for nano solid particles and composite plating solution containing same |
| CN114517324B (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2023-10-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Dispersing agent for nano solid particles and composite plating solution containing same |
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Application publication date: 20150304 |