CN104382662B - Addressable matrices/cluster blanks and optimization thereof for dental CAD/CAM system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of group for manufacturing dental articles and grinds blank, including: framework, its blank holding body being configured to CAD/CAM system coordinates, and described framework includes inner peripheral and outer peripheral edge；And many sub-blanks, it is installed on the inner peripheral of described framework.Wherein, the plurality of sub-blank is installed on dismountable holding body, described dismountable holding body is installed on described framework, described framework includes the multiple protuberances arranged along described inner peripheral, described dismountable holding body is installed on the plurality of protuberance, and described protuberance is arranged in row relative to each other, described dismountable holding body is installed on each row protuberance.

Description

Addressable matrices/cluster blanks and optimization thereof for dental CAD/CAM system

The application is filing date December in 2009 4 days, Application No. 200910252033.4, the invention entitled " addressable matrices for dental CAD/CAM system / cluster blanks and optimization thereof " the divisional application of patent application.

Quoting of related application

The application is the portion of the U. S. application No.12/118,981 that on May 12nd, 2008 submits to Dividing continuation application, the content of this U. S. application is incorporated herein by.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the area of computer aided for designing and manufacture dental prostheses and restoration System.The invention still further relates to group and grind blank and in dental CAD/CAM system Application, to extend the scope of the system compatible with given blank；Enable grinding blank and other System interchange；The more kinds of grinding blanks that can use are provided for given system；And make this be Versatility, material selectivity and the operating efficiency of system are optimal.According to some aspects, the present invention is also Relate to technology and the method being associated with above-mentioned cluster blanks.

Background technology

In the following discussion, some structures and/or method it are involved in.But, should not recognize It is to recognize that these structures and/or method constitute prior art for these following references.Application People retains the right confirming that these structures and/or method do not constitute prior art clearly.

At present, in odontology, there is the trend being gradually increased as follows: i.e. at dental clinic's (chair Other) and dental laboratory (laboratory side) automatic technology is used for treatment plan, virtual journey Sequence, mouth cavity orthodontic art and the design of dental prosthetic thing and manufacture.Laboratory side is vigorously sent out For the CAD/CAM technology of exhibition, this trend (sometimes referred to as " digital revolution ") The most obvious.Can be used for the quantity of CAD/CAM system of dental laboratory at last decade Inside increase nearly 10 times.Be currently, there are more than 25 dental CAD/CAM system and The many of blank of grinding with variously-shaped and size are utilized to replicate grinding system.Blank shape Different, from the such as simple geometric shape such as rectangle, cylinder or hexagon to such as by the U.S. Patent 6,979, the more complicated geometry such as intelligent blanks (smart blank) that 496 disclose, This entire contents of US patents is incorporated herein by.The size (length or diameter) of blank About 0.5 " to about 4 " in the range of.Grind blank and can use the material of following 4 types, I.e. metal, polymer (resin, plastics), pottery and composite.Ceramic grinding blank Can be divided into three kinds of primary categories: feldspathic (leucite base and glassy feldspar or long ground mass), Glass ceramics (Lithium metasilicate, Muscovitum etc.) and the such as crystallization such as aluminium oxide and/or zirconium oxide pottery Porcelain base ((the soft sintered) or complete fully dense of soft sintering).The pottery of all three classification The blank of porcelain and composite can with or multiple colourity will be can be used for.To operation For the mechanism of CAD/CAM system, the blank for every kind of given type stores the colourity needed Stock (shade inventory) adds its pressure economically.

4 inch diameter disc shape zirconium oxide blanks 100 conventional shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 2. As it can be seen, form multiple grinding shape 110 in zirconium oxide blank 100.Blank 100 is complete Entirely formed by zirconium oxide, thus be fairly expensive.As in figure 2 it is shown, use this blank 100 form multiple grinding shapes 110 can produce the quilt in a large number being defined between grinding involucrum 112 Biscuit area 120 between two parties of waste.

Although CAD/CAM technology is dental laboratory provide improvement quality and repeatability with And the chance of elimination mistake, but major part CAD/CAM system is set to soft burning Knot zirconium oxide is ground, thus lack of materials selectivity, and this material selectivity is in supersaturation With allegro market is have emulative.Because the price root of CAD/CAM system Change in the range of US $ 50000 to US $ 500000 according to manufacturer and structure, therefore, Only maximum laboratory and outsourcing center undertake can be played the multiple systems of operation and be extended him Material selectivity.Most of CAD/CAM system manufacturers do not make the blank of oneself, But from there is exploitation and manufacturing the generally acknowledged core competence of dentistry or advanced material such as The suppliers such as Ivoclar, Vita or Metoxit buy blank.It will be appreciated that CAD/CAM Material is fairly expensive thus substantially increases the running cost of CAD/CAM system. Such as, the material price of ceramic grinding blank is at the model of every gram of about US $ 0.60 to US $ 4.50 In enclosing.In United States Patent (USP) 6, the output of the per unit blank limited in 979,496 is at a fairly low, Major part blank is all wasted.

Other or first CAD/CAM system including grinding unit of laboratory side for chair, Such as Cerec (Sirona) and Lava (3M/ESPE) is closed-system, wherein grinds hair Base is installed on short axle fixed body, protuberance, mandrel, holding body or pallet body, above-mentioned blank There is the uniqueness obtaining patent as described in United States Patent (USP) 6,485,305 and more than 6,769,912 What shape and also can be protected by bar code, thus prevent and other CAD/CAM system System is interchangeable.United States Patent (USP) 7,214,435,6,669,875,6,627,327,6,482,284, 6,224,371, also describing the workpiece on minor axis component in 6,991,853 and 6,660,400 (can Grinding component) modification.Along with the appearance of open architecture system, blank is between the systems Interchangeability the most not only becomes possible to but also is that people are extremely desirable.Although at present in city On field, closed-system accounts for leading, but the market penetration of open system the most stably improves. In 25 commercial CAD/CAM system, at least 5 or 6 systems use identical D-250 dentistry 3D scanner and DentalDesigner^TMDental CAD software (3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark).In open architecture system, blank is not to be subject to Bar code protection, as long as blank is mountable to existing housing (the blank holding of grinding unit Body, chuck, clamper, support member) on, then can use any blank.

The blank of not all type can economically fabricate as arbitrary shape and size.Example As, it is permissible to meet that zirconium oxide and aluminium oxide blank can be formed as any given shape and size The requirement of bigger box body (case, or workpiece) is ground to form by bigger blank.On the other hand, Owing to there is a large amount of restriction mechanically and economically, the most undesirably use big Anhydrite and glass Glass ceramic blank.

U.S. Patent application 2006/0115794 discloses a kind of system, and this system is for continuously Manufacture Oral Repair part, such as corona core (crown core), corona etc..This system utilizes The zirconium oxide wirebar being automatically fed into numerical control machine is entered by real-time center computer numerical control (CNC) machine Driving is cut and is ground.Multiple Oral Repair part is one by one cut out from continuous print wirebar.Should Patent application further discloses the multiple numerical control machines of use, wherein will have difformity and/or size Wirebar be sent in each numerical control machine.Central control unit obtains Oral Repair to be cut The specification of part, and be determined by needing the wirebar of minimum cutting quantity to select to manufacture this mouth The numerical control machine of chamber repair member.As it has been described above, manufacture and grind by except complete fully dense zirconium oxide Outside the long wirebar made of material exist economically with the difficulty in processing, in addition, In view of the cost of CNC machine, with the multiple stage machine providing the housing being respectively used to a certain type Compare, more it is beneficial that, it is possible to grind all box bodys with a machine.

United States Patent (USP) 7,234,938 discloses many blanks of the elongate strip being configured with multiple hole Keeping body or workpiece to receive device, the plurality of hole is for inserting multiple identical blank or workpiece.Should Invention relates to grinding/milling drum as follows, and wherein, workpiece is received device or grinds blank holding body tool There are the multiple holes for receiving workpiece or blank arranged along longitudinal axis.This invention also includes cloth Putting the plastic insert material in through hole, this through hole is used for holding a workpiece in this through hole. This patent further discloses a kind of grinding/milling drum, and this grinding/milling drum includes for by workpiece certainly The flush mounting in device received by the dynamic workpiece that is embedded into.

U.S. Patent application 2006/0106485 describes the application of virtual blank, this virtual hair Base corresponds to processed and forms the physics blank of multiple manufacturing feature.This application further disclose by Each manufacturing feature Virtual Cutting in multiple manufacturing features becomes virtual blank, at this virtual blank In each manufacturing feature and coordinate system there is incidence relation.Generate fabrication order, with by will be many Individual manufacturing feature cuts into blank to manufacture actual part.In United States Patent (USP) 6,775,581； 7,024,272；7,110,849 and U.S. Patent application 2006/0106485 in describe these sides Method, these methods have pioneering in terms of automatic industrial, above-mentioned United States Patent (USP) and United States Patent (USP) The full content of application is incorporated herein by.At white paper " Horizontal Modeling& Digital Process Design (level modeling and digital processing design) " in also illustrate State content.U. S. application 2007/0136031 describes to including the group that is made up of parts The goods of part carry out the method for Electronic Design, and the full content of this U. S. application is incorporated by reference into Herein.It addition, this U. S. application disclosure is uncorrelated with odontology.

Therefore, there is following needs in the prior art: i.e. so that blank can exchange, Make the output of per unit blank maximum and reduce waste of material, in order to make system versatility, Material selectivity and operating efficiency are optimal.Also need to reduce blank stock thus reduce with commercial The running cost that CAD/CAM system is associated.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides and overcomes above-mentioned be associated with existing CAD/CAM system alternatively Individual or the technology of multiple shortcoming and device.According to some aspect, the present invention is by providing group's hair Base and effectively utilize the software of cluster blanks to provide grinding blank.

" cluster blanks (cluster blank) " used herein is defined as many blanks group Part, it includes that at least two being fixed on framework (pallet body, housing, clamping yoke) is (excellent Elect four or more as) single blank, this framework change minimum or immovable in the case of Compatible with the existing housing of grinding unit (blank keeps body, chuck, clamper, support member). Therefore cluster blanks forms the addressable matrices of such a blank: i.e. grinding unit or CAD/CAM system can use make waste material and material removal quantity is minimum and interchangeability Efficiently formed body is ground to form blank with in the case of motility maximum.Therefore, term " group Group blank " and " addressable matrices " can be used interchangeably herein.

Various cluster blanks can utilize prefabricated or customization framework to be formed by single blank, with Just described single blank can be used in most probable number MPN purpose system.Cluster blanks can wrap Include that the size identical single blank identical with colourity or colourity are different and size is identical with type Blank.Cluster blanks can also include that size and colourity are different and type (material) is identical Blank, and the blank deriving from the number of different types of one or more manufacturer can be assembled in To manufacture " mixed type " cluster blanks on same framework.In order to make cluster blanks to system effectiveness Impact maximum, the present invention also applies the digital process based on utilizing virtual blank method to design (DPD) methodological nesting and system optimization software.

Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of group to grind blank, including: framework, it is configured to Body is kept to coordinate with the blank of existing CAD/CAM system；And many sub-blanks, its peace Install on described framework.

According to other aspects, the present invention provides a kind of CAD/CAM system, including: grind Grinding machine, blank keep body, group to grind blank and nesting, and blank grinds in described group Including: framework, it is configured to keep body to coordinate with blank；And many sub-blanks, it is installed On described framework, described nesting at least has single order functional level.

According to another aspect, the present invention provides one to utilize above-mentioned CAD/CAM system The method grinding object, described method includes: utilize nesting analysis of history truly to grind number According to or analyze and grind data corresponding to object, thus obtain the size and dimension of grinding involucrum Distribution and the dependency of the particular type with dental articles thereof, by selecting corresponding electronic data Select the box body group corresponding with object to be ground, be optimized for grinding the son selected by described box body group The number of blank, type, size, arrangement, dimension and/or colourity, utilize one Or selected sub-blank is assembled on one or more framework to manufacture one by multiple template Or multiple cluster blanks；And object is ground to form each sub-blank.

Although the dental prostheses of Primary Reference processing herein describes the present invention, but should manage Solution arrives, and the invention is not restricted to this.Such as, the principle of the present invention can apply to general medical science dress Put (such as, graft, replacement joint portion, bony site implantation part etc.).According to the most square Face, present invention could apply to grinding and the shaping of substantially Arbitrary 3 D object.Three dimensional object Example includes but not limited to dental articles, such as interior hat, bridge body, support, artificial tooth, space Keeper, tooth displacement apparatus, mouth cavity orthodontic keeper, denture, tooth stake, little, clamping plate, Base station, tooth nail, connector, corona, partial crown, tooth veneer, onlay, inlay, bridge, Repair partial denture, graft or abutment.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is conventional disk shape blank.

Fig. 2 illustrates by the waste material of the blank gained grinding Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the cluster blanks formed according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the cluster blanks formed according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the cluster blanks formed according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the cluster blanks formed according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the cluster blanks formed according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 A illustrates that two the discoid grinding blanks including being positioned at release position keep body Conventional CAD/CAM grinder.

Fig. 8 B illustrates that two the discoid grinding blanks including being positioned at make position keep body Conventional CAD/CAM grinder.

Fig. 9 is the cluster blanks master module (master template) formed according to the principle of the invention Schematic diagram.

Figure 10 is the modification of the master module of the Fig. 9 according to one embodiment of the invention structure.

Figure 11 is the modification of the master module of the Fig. 9 constructed according to a further embodiment of the invention.

Figure 12 is the curve synoptic diagram of the distribution of sizes grinding involucrum.

Figure 13 is the top perspective of the sub-blank being installed on framework according to embodiments of the present invention Figure.

Figure 14 is the top perspective of the sub-blank being installed on framework according to embodiments of the present invention Figure.

Figure 15 is the fragmentary perspective of the sub-blank being installed in framework according to embodiments of the present invention Figure.

Figure 16 is the fragmentary perspective of the sub-blank being installed in framework according to embodiments of the present invention Figure.

Figure 17 is the fragmentary perspective of the sub-blank being installed in framework according to embodiments of the present invention Figure.

Figure 18 is the fragmentary perspective of the sub-blank being installed in framework according to embodiments of the present invention Figure.

The sub-blank that Figure 19 is mounted in framework along Figure 18 line 19-19 intercept cut open View.

Figure 20 is the top perspective of the sub-blank being installed on framework according to embodiments of the present invention Figure.

Figure 21 is the top perspective of the sub-blank being installed on framework according to embodiments of the present invention Side view.

Figure 22 is the side view of the framework of Figure 21.

Figure 23 is the planar elevation view of the framework of Figure 21, with the line 23-23 along Figure 22 The partial sectional view intercepted.

Figure 24 is the top plan view of the framework of Figure 21, with the line 24-24 along Figure 22 The partial sectional view intercepted.

Figure 25 is the fragmentary perspective view of cluster blanks according to embodiments of the present invention.

Figure 26 is the birds-eye perspective of cluster blanks according to embodiments of the present invention.

Figure 27 is the exploded view of the cluster blanks assembly of Figure 26.

Figure 28 is the cluster blanks sectional view along the line 28-28 intercepting of Figure 26 of Figure 26.

Figure 29 is the cluster blanks sectional view along the line 29-29 intercepting of Figure 26 of Figure 26.

Figure 30 is the enlarged drawing of the sub-blank part in Figure 29.

Figure 31 is the cluster blanks sectional view along the line 31-31 intercepting of Figure 26 of Figure 26.

Figure 32 is the perspective view of the sub-blank being positioned in accepter according to embodiments of the present invention.

Figure 33 is the Local map of the sub-blank of Figure 32.

Figure 34 is the top plan view of cluster blanks according to embodiments of the present invention.

Figure 35 is the perspective view of the cluster blanks of Figure 34.

Figure 36 is the sectional view that the cluster blanks of Figure 34 intercepts along line 36-36.

Figure 37 is the sectional view that the cluster blanks of Figure 34 intercepts along line 37-37.

Figure 38 is the sectional view that the cluster blanks of Figure 34 intercepts along line 38-38.

Figure 39 is the perspective view of the cluster blanks of the Figure 34 removing sub-blank.

Figure 40 is the saturating of the cluster blanks by the Figure 34 keeping body to be fastened mechanically on framework View.

Figure 41 is the perspective view of the cluster blanks of the Figure 34 with sub-blank.

Figure 42 is the perspective view of the cluster blanks of the Figure 34 with sub-blank.

Figure 43 is the cluster blanks that sub-blank is fastened mechanically to keep the Figure 34 on body Perspective view.

Figure 44 is the saturating of the cluster blanks by the Figure 34 keeping body to be fastened mechanically on framework View.

Detailed description of the invention

An optional aspect according to the present invention, utilizes prefabricated or customizes framework by single blank Form various cluster blanks it is thus possible to single blank to be used for most probable number MPN purpose system.Under Face, the single blank that will fit in cluster blanks is referred to as sub-blank.Cluster blanks can include The sub-blank that size is identical with colourity, or colourity, size and/or different types of sub-blank. Such as, cluster blanks can include the sub-blank of same type with various sizes and colourity, or The various dissimilar sub-blank deriving from one or more manufacturer can also be assembled to same by person To manufacture " mixed type " cluster blanks on one framework.Such as, e.max CAD MO and/or LT blank (Ivoclar) (also referred to as " blue blank (blue block) ") potentially may be used To be made up of as follows the most stable CAD/CAM system: i.e. use and wet grind technique and have The software of full-sized restoration can be designed.Can grind but also not grind " blue blank " One example of this system isTec system (Wieland), is in particular and obtains DentalDesigner from above-mentioned 3Shape^TMSoftware interactive effect4820 Hes3020 grinding units.Group's hair formed according to the present invention shown in Fig. 3-Fig. 6 Base example.

Sub-blank can be arranged to addressable matrices, and addressable matrices utilizes and grinds behaviour from previously The parameter that the history of work or previously transactional operation receives designs.Sub-blank has and ground with from previously The characteristic that the parameter that the history of mill operation or previously transactional operation receives is associated.These characteristics can To include material type, material behavior, sub-blank dimension, sub-blank shape and/or sub-hair Base colourity.The parameter received from the history of previous grinding operation can include Cartridge type, material Selection parameter, the size of dental articles, the shape of dental articles, the colourity of dental articles, Good cutter path, abrasive parameters and the grinding involucrum of use in the manufacture of dental articles Statistical data.The example of statistical data grinding involucrum include grinding the shape and size of involucrum, And grind the dependency of involucrum and the particular type of dental articles.The example of abrasive parameters includes Tool type, depth of cut, charging rate, revolutions per minute (rpm) and/or linear speed. The example of tool type includes cutting, grinding or abradant surface.The material of cutter, shape and/or Size can change.Cutting, the example of grinding or abradant surface include diamond, carbide, hard Change steel or pottery.The example of the shape of tool includes but not limited to cylinder, cone, disk Shape, shape spherical or with groove.The size of cutter depends on diameter and length.Diamond Cutter can include diamond abrasive grain.The depth of cut of cutter dimensionally can in a few micrometers extremely In the range of several millimeters.Other examples of abrasive parameters include parameter after grinding, such as coat, Glazing or the parameter of heat treated.Example with the history-sensitive parameter of previous transactional operation Including by stock, residue stock and box body history.

Figure 3 illustrates the first cluster blanks formed according to one embodiment of present invention 10.As it can be seen, cluster blanks 10 includes many sub-blanks 12.According to shown embodiment, Cluster blanks 10 includes two distinct types of sub-blank 12.That is, according to shown embodiment, Multiple first sub-blanks 14 are located substantially at the central area of cluster blanks 10, multiple second sub-hairs Base 16 is arranged around around cluster blanks 10, and according to nonrestrictive illustrative example, Multiple first sub-blanks include that C14 blueness blank, multiple second sub-blanks include that B32 is blue Blank.Every sub-blank 12 is installed in common elements (framework) 18 or the most together Appliance is integral.Framework 18 can be formed by the material of any appropriate.Such as, framework 18 Can be by plastics or polymer or all such as the such as metal such as steel or aluminium alloy, such as PMMA As manufactured by 3MThe composites such as MZ100 are formed.Framework can include solid Fixed or movement parts.

The cluster blanks 10,20 that above illustrative examples describes can optionally include many Individual blue blank and being customized to for above-mentionedTec system.

Figure 4 illustrates the modification of the embodiment shown in Fig. 3.Except being associated with framework 18 The arrangement of sub-blank 12 and type beyond, this embodiment and the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 Similar.According to the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, sub-blank 14 is respectively provided with identical structure, such as, Each be of the same size, colourity and/or be formed from the same material.According to optional real Executing example, each sub-blank 14 is substantially identical to each other.

Framework can be to use the arbitrary shape including 2D and 3D or form.Can be to be (prefabricated) or customization framework are produced in the various required pairing of system and grinding blank in enormous quantities.Sub-hair Base can be mechanically mounted (locking) to framework, or alternatively cementability ground combine (bonding) On framework, or be formed as the integrated component of framework.Sub-blank can also utilize and may be cast as installing Material, Model Material, polymer composites and other hardenable material are installed to opening of framework In Kou.The framework of cluster blanks can be designed as using repeatedly and/or uses once.Additionally, The framework of cluster blanks can include all-in-one-piece single part, or can include by multiple portions Point or the assembly that constituted of parts.In the case of the latter, the some of frame assembly or portion Part can permanently be fixed to one another or detachably.Frame assembly can also include mobile parts. Such as, this move parts may be used for before the grinding, during or after make sub-blank in group Position in blank rotates or otherwise changes.This moves can be manual or automatic And controlled by the device identical with CNC grinding unit.

The group hair that according to the present invention other embodiment formed is shown respectively in Fig. 5-Fig. 7 Base 30,40 and 50.

As it is shown in figure 5, cluster blanks 30 include being arranged on polygonal frame 34 multiple Sub-blank 32.According to nonrestrictive illustrative examples, sub-blank includes being arranged to three row 9 circular blanks of three row blanks, and framework 34 is general square shape.Blank 32 and frame Frame 34 can be formed by above-mentioned any materials.

As shown in Figure 6, the cluster blanks 40 formed according to alternative embodiment of the present invention includes tool There is at least one first sub-blank 42 of fisrt feature and there are multiple second sons of second feature Blank 44, this second feature is different from the fisrt feature of at least one the first sub-blank 42.Root According to nonrestrictive illustrative examples, the first sub-blank 42 includes circular blank, and And multiple second sub-blank 44 include around the first sub-blank 42 be arranged symmetrically polygonal Or the blank of general square shape.First sub-blank 42 and the second sub-blank 44 are installed to polygon frame On frame 46.According to nonrestrictive illustrative examples, framework 46 is general square shape.Son Blank 42,44 and framework 46 can be formed by above-mentioned any materials.

Fig. 7 illustrates cluster blanks 50, and this cluster blanks is formed and is arranged on seeking in framework 54 Location 4 × 4 matrix (SBij), this matrix includes 16 sub-blanks with various teeth colour 52.According to an illustrative examples, if every sub-blank 52 presents a Vita Classic colourity, then this 4 × 4 addressable matrices can contain whole Vita Classic colourity Scope.Generally, each sub-bland position of cluster blanks/addressable matrices and all sons are given Bland position distributes numerical value (digital) based on following concrete mode and algorithm the most how (the most following by the software of CAD/CAM system or the operation software of central processor equipment Nesting type) above-mentioned position is addressed.Such as, for the distribution of each sub-blank with Give at least one number that the single position/notch arranging sub-blank in cluster blanks is corresponding Word and with main cluster blanks reference numbers or it is in job queue (box body group the most to be ground) In position corresponding at least the second numeral.In this case, the cluster blanks of Fig. 7/can seek Location matrix is with vector SB_kmRepresenting, wherein, k corresponds to cluster blanks in job queue Position, and m changes in the range of 1 to 16, this is because in given cluster blanks There is the sub-bland position that sum is 16.Operation software adds other vector to addressable square In Zhen, such as with concrete sub-blank material, size, shape, colourity and abrasive parameters and box The vector that body specification etc. is associated.Therefore, the cluster blanks/addressable matrices of each physics exists The CPU of CAD/CAM system with in run memory with the most identical or bigger " empty of size Intend " matrix represents.CAD/CAM system or grinding center utilize operation software or other hands Section makes operation automatization for addressable matrices addressing, thus time-consuming and money make waste material Minimum.Therefore, it can feature based vector sum eigenvalue utilize such as factor analysis method etc. for The known method of operational research and image procossing carries out required optimization.

Because nearly all dental CAD/CAM system can grind plastics (such as Or composite PMMA), it is possible to utilize the identical grinding unit for grinding blank and The framework formed by above-mentioned material is ground, changes or optimizes by nesting.Additionally, frame Frame can re-use, thus it is the most economical to manufacture framework in same grinding unit.Be installed to Compare (just as the situation of Sirona system) on short axle or mandrel, along the whole week of blank The long stress carrying out installing during reducing grinding thus the intensity that reduces frame material and hard Degree requirement, so that PMMA or polymer composites become the feasible of cluster blanks framework Select.

Additionally, the CNC that open architecture system is not limited to be designed particularly for dentistry grinds Machine, can essentially use any 3 stable axles or more multiaxis CNC machine.More and more The CNC machine that need not customize is changed to be applied to dentistry, i.e. installs blank and keeps body and with all The open architecture scanner reciprocal actions such as the D-250 such as 3Shape, and for large-scale reality Test room and grinding center to carry out dental articles (the most such as zirconium oxide framework), Yi Jiding System transplants the business manufacture of abutment (custom implant abutment).For custom-built system For, cluster blanks method has the beneficial effect that it allows not to CNC machine hardware the most In the case of making great change, existing blank scope is combined with given grinding unit.

According to another aspect, the present invention provides the nesting being used in combination with cluster blanks. Nesting can by add with the type of sub-blank and further feature, grinding subprogram and/ Or the dimension that the distribution of algorithm is correlated with, m unit addressable matrices physically (is included m Individual sub-blank) it is converted into multi-dimensional matrix, above-mentioned subprogram and/or algorithm optimization cutter path, Cutting tool choice, depth of cut, feeding speed, RPM, linear speed and other abrasive parameters. If addressable matrices is automatically to assemble, then being added for addressable matrices computer representation Adding one of dimension can be to assemble instruction.If it is required, the sub-blank of cluster blanks and/or frame Frame be marked with use the numerical value of any computer-readable format, alphanumeric coding, bar code, Or the mark of other form.Alternatively, the framework of cluster blanks include carrying with Indicate and the magnetic stripe of any out of Memory, micro-electricity relevant with process of grinding of given cluster blanks Sub-chip or other data storage microdevice that can re-write.Work as CAD/CAM system It is not equipped with during nesting that this is particularly useful.

Single order nesting (first order nesting is described in United States Patent (USP) 5,662,566 Software) example (described below), the full content of this patent is by quoting It is expressly incorporated herein.At present, nesting is almost not used for dental CAD/CAM system, and Its application be limited to grind parts be mapped in single large scale blank (grinding operation) with The average output making each blank is maximum, and wherein, the average output of each blank is to repair with finished product The weight of multiple thing is calculating by the weight removed before material is formed divided by blank. The cluster blanks of the present invention allows to be more widely used stock layout in combination with true cluster blanks Software, in certain embodiments, nesting also allows for using virtual blank.

Nesting is becoming the essential condition of the system that can grind big blank.For grinding For mill cluster blanks, the most urgent.In order to illustrate and apply in combination with cluster blanks The embodiment of the present invention that nesting is relevant, can be using as single big blank representative instance 4 " diameter circle plate-like blank is converted into cluster blanks valuably.Hereinafter, before the former is referred to as Blank, the latter is referred to as suitable cluster blanks.Be made up of the zirconium oxide through soft sintering these Blank can accommodate up to 10 to 15 grinding operations or 20 to 40 unit, from list Individual unit variation is up to the circular shell (seeing Fig. 5 A) of 14 unit.Fig. 1-Fig. 2 Illustrate this blank grind after situation, wherein grinding operation configuration is the most optimized so that true Output is much smaller than the 50% of blank material.In the hole being ground staying afterwards to each box body Define the grinding involucrum of these box bodys.Term grinds involucrum and is used for explaining that the present invention is soft with stock layout The various aspects that the application of part is correlated with.If the degree of depth of blank is equal to its thickness, grind bag Shell is limited by greatest length (MEL) and Breadth Maximum (MEW).

Although it is important to note that big blank (front blank) being converted into quite Cluster blanks illustrative example in employ 4 " circular zirconium oxide blank, but zirconium oxide It not can be manufactured into the single unit can being ground to according to the present invention or multiple-unit framework is many Plant unique dental materials of size shape.Such as, silicic acid lithio glass ceramics is for single unit Being useful with multiple-unit dentistry restoration, silicic acid lithio glass ceramics can be by the most excessive It is processed into dental articles in the case of abrasion milling cutter and easily processes, and subsequently Lithium disilicate restoration can be converted into thus there is the intensity being up to about 800MPa.Glass Glass pottery shapes under vitreousness, thus any glass is formed and glass forming techniques is the most permissible For these materials.It is formed as arbitrary shape and form and also can submissively grind to form the most single Other example of the firm dental materials of unit's dental articles is dental alloy.Zirconium oxide, glass are made pottery Porcelain and alloy can be fabricated to simple shape (rectangle, cylinder, the disk with any size Shape or polygon) or complicated shape (" intelligent " or close to mesh shape).For all this For a little materials, the motive force reducing waste material is the biggest.If use nesting, then Waste of material is than the situation much less shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 2.Optionally, sub-blank can group Dress up cluster blanks, and single order nesting is applied to one or the situation phase of several big blank Ratio, This further reduces waste material, even waste material may be reduced to 1/10.Such as following reality Execute described in example, be obtained from cluster blanks combination according to the reducing further of waste material that the present invention obtains The collaboration applications of higher-order nesting.

Nesting is assessed and job queue according to priori statistical data or box body electronic data In grinding operation corresponding grind involucrum size and dimension, calculate the institute of sub-blank and framework Need number, order that sub-blank and frame set are dressed up the cluster blanks of desirable number, and at son Most preferably grinding operation is distributed so that waste of material and colourity stock between blank and cluster blanks Minimum.

Related to the present inventionly, existing and following nesting module can be according to level of intelligence The box body number can simultaneously dealt with it, i.e. use " N/n " ratio, classify, Wherein " N " is box body number (the feature group size (Characterisitic of " optimization " simultaneously Batch Size)), " n " is the average number of the individual unit of each blank.Nesting Function be to make the average output of each blank maximum so that " n " is for most preferably (to differ and to be set to Maximum), even if the blank number that must be used for grinding is (i.e. with given CAD/CAM equipment The box features number " N " that operation is relevant) optimal (differ and be set to minimum).For Application in the embodiment of the present invention, according to dealing with less the biggest group of (queue) box body simultaneously Ability (i.e. " N/n " than) nesting be categorized as single order, second order and three rank." n's " Example can be 7 or bigger, 10 or bigger and 30 or bigger.

The single order nesting of N/n < 10 can make the output maximum of given blank, i.e. permissible In the blank being just ground, continuously grinding operation is positioned such that minimal waste.Relevant step Suddenly including being allocated as follows grinding operation, grinding operation is accumulated as queue and this queue assignment to peace Install to or a set of new blank in the fixture of grinding unit or cylinder.In other words, single order Nesting makes a limited number of single cartridge bodies suitable each in the blank of certain volume.Make because grinding The queue of industry be less and be every time different, the most each results be also different And its pattern can not be explained.Here it is situation residing for this industry at present.Now, it is possible to hold The holding body of big many box bodys blank received is only limitted to once accommodate most two blanks (such as, ginseng See Fig. 8).Such as, for the blank of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, N/n is respectively 0.55 and 0.35. If can be to be used in conjunction with stock layout soft with the grinding unit keeping bodies equipped with two blanks Grinding the two blank in the system of part, the cell-average number of the most each blank gained can be 26.5, the N/n being associated ratio can be 0.87 (seeing table 1 below).By analytical table 1 In data, it can be deduced that conclusion: each 4 " grinding unit of circular blanks " optimizes " flat It is about 30 that mean purpose is well assessed.

Table 1.N/n calculated examples

Single order nesting is for layout correspondence guided to cluster blanks by grinding operation In the known location of blank, i.e. it is properly positioned in the suitable sub-blank of cluster blanks and grinds with each The grinding involucrum that mill operation is corresponding.This function is referred to as place function.Therefore waste material is limited to as follows Two parts: 1) it is ground period removal of material at antithetical phrase blank；And 2) abandon Material, the most truly grind the volume differences between involucrum and the corresponding sub-blank of cluster blanks.Existing , avoid producing the major part in waste material by the framework or template using cluster blanks.Logical Cross the minimal waste using higher-order nesting as follows to make Part II.

The second order nesting of N/n=10-100 can make the output of relatively large group of blank Greatly, size N wherein organized to operation relevant, i.e. be enough to according to give CAD/CAM The characteristic time that the size of equipment obtains the most important data with logic is relevant.Below In, if N is relevant to operation, i.e. N is needed by the operation logic and market giving grinding center Ask and limit, then N is referred to as feature group size.Such as, under the operation of steady statue, Every workday is received the box body number of (input every day) equal to the box body number being shipped to client Mesh (output every day).Box body mean residence time in grinding center, or box body is from entrance Grinding center is limited to leaving elapsed time by market situation.Currently for success Grinding center, the turnaround time should be shorter than one week, i.e. client should be in the time being shorter than one week Inside receiving their box body, therefore regardless of the complexity of box body, box body is at grinding center The interior holdup time should be all 3-5 working day.Therefore, the streamline of given grinding center The box body number of middle every day is 3-5 times of input/output every day.Therefore, feature group size is extremely Less equal to the box body number in the daily work queue of high production rate CNC grinder, and with The given streamline of grinding center or the daily work queue of whole grinding center are in all The total treating capacity of box body every day (the most all box bodys) in stage is compared the most greatly or bigger.The suitableeest Example for the high production rate CNC grinder of large-scale grinding center is to have four materials to protect Hold bodyHSC (high-speed cutting) machine of 6400L grinder and Etkon.

Small-sized to medium-sized grinding center processes 100 to 500 box bodys or processes weekly every day 500-3000 box bodys.If only using 4 in this grinding center " circular blanks, false If the n value " optimized " is 30, then the N/n ratio of gained is in the range of 17-100.Second order Nesting only makes a limited number of single cartridge bodies be suitable for one unlike single order nesting Determine in the big blank of volume.Second order nesting also has given master module type to being assembled into Layout and the classification of the sub-blank in a collection of cluster blanks template are optimized, so that bigger group The waste material of box body and colourity stock minimum.

Figure 9 illustrates for 4 " circular before the available main mould of the suitable cluster blanks of blank Plate 60, it is master module type framework or simple master module.The template 60 of this master module type Including outer shroud 62 and inner core 64, its outer-loop 62 can keep the sub-blank (example of large-size As) 66 or 68, inner core keep reduced size sub-blank 70,72.Although these templates Overall dimension is identical and is specific for given master module type, but each Number and the size of the opening (being indicated with dashed lines in an exemplary embodiment) in template are permissible It is different.Such as, template as shown in Figure 9 can be in the outer shroud content according to a structure Receive the sub-blank of maximum 66 of 4 to 6 unit frameworks, or in the outer shroud according to optional structure Accommodate the medium-sized sub-blank 68 of 2 to 3 unit frameworks.Inner core equally has with not Tongfang The relatively small sub-blank that formula is arranged.Such as, as shown in Figure 10, inner core 64 ' can wrap Include the first sub-blank 70 ' of polygon and the second circular or arrangement of oval sub-blank 72 '. According to shown example, inner core 64 ' includes 2 relatively large polygon blanks 70 ' and 4 Relatively small circle or the arrangement of oval blank 72 '.Figure 11 illustrates another The inner core 64 of individual optional structure ".As it can be seen, inner core 64 " the first polygon can be included Blank 70 " and the second circular or oval sub-blank 72 " arrangement.According to shown example, Inner core 64 " include 2 relatively large polygon blanks 70 " and 2 relatively small circles Or oval blank 72 " arrangement.Any type of layout side of sub-blank can be used Formula, such as, utilize big sub-blank to manufacture 2 to 3 unit goods, utilize boy's blank to manufacture Single unit dental articles.

The maximum number of sub-blank depends on structure and the diameter of template, and also depends on structure Become the arrangement of sub-blank, shape and size.According to the feedback of second order nesting, template On some and be not necessarily all available positions and be filled with, or be necessarily filled with colourity phase Same sub-blank.

In one aspect of the invention, it is provided that such a method: equipped with nesting CAD/CAM system is collected data and is determined the sub-blank type needed for future operation.Processing Beginning, during time enough in, grind 4 " before circular zirconium oxide blank and do not grind Cluster blanks, and nesting is as the operation of single order nesting the involucrum of collection grinding simultaneously The statistical data of distribution of sizes.According to the actual grinding of front blank, for later and the most single Grinding involucrum corresponding to dental unit and multiple-unit dentistry framework generate distribution of sizes schematic diagram, Rectangular histogram, curve or curved surface.Figure 12 illustrates the 2D " frequency is to MEL " of an above-mentioned curve Part, wherein grinds involucrum in its simplest form with greatest length (MEL) and maximum width Degree (MEW) is as feature.Even if in this simple view, gained distribution of sizes be also with It is complex-curved that the 3D orthogonal coordinate system schematically shown such as Figure 12 represents.Distribution of sizes is bent Line has peak value and valley, its physical significance shown in table 2 below.

Table 2. grinds the peak value in involucrum size distribution curve and the position of valley and physics meaning Justice

* the MEL highest frequency value of certain type of cassette, such as three unit bridge frameworks are It is about 35mm that altofrequency grinds involucrum length (MEL).

* is worth the minimum of the maximum n-unit box body corresponding to rare appearance and rare appearance between two parties (n+1) between-unit box body.Such as, nearly all 3 unit frameworks are being ground it After the hole (grinding involucrum) that stays be shorter than 40mm, but, 4 unit frameworks are ground The hole major part stayed afterwards is longer than 40mm.Therefore, the sub-blank of 40mm × 22mm will be suitable Close most of 3 unit frameworks.

Involucrum distribution of sizes of grinding shown in Figure 12 makes it possible to as previous individual unit logic Ground select the sub-blank of cylinder of diameter about 15mm-18mm or cross section be 15 × 18mm²The sub-blank of rectangle, logically select 19 × 28mm for individual unit later²Sub-hair Base, is that 3 unit frameworks logically select 22 × 40mm²Sub-blank, and be 4 unit frames Frame logically selects 23 × 55mm²Sub-blank.Use corresponding with large volume of box body Statistical data more accurately, these sizes can also be subdivided into and multiple-unit frame previously and subsequently The subclass that frame is relevant.This little blank also needs to have the different thickness of at least two so that aoxidizing The minimal waste of zirconium, specifically makes the minimal waste of Part II, and nesting should process They are also arranged in outer shroud/inner core template, the most such as by least 8 kinds of sub-blank dimensions of difference Shown in Fig. 9.

The statistical analysis of the size and dimension distribution grinding involucrum creates optimal sub-blank chi Very little.Have been found that if it occur that following situation then can reduce the waste material of Part II and also subtract Few colourity stock: 1) each seed blank shape and size and grinding involucrum size distribution curve Feature (such as, MEL with MEW peak value or valley) number is consistent；And 2) used by main The available modification number of template allows to be arranged as with optimal side these character shapes and size Formula operates relevant box body group coupling to given.Can be by analyzing what second order nesting was provided Data and logically solve the optimal number of the shape and size of monk blank.Second order nesting Can also automatically recommend the minimal amount of sub-blank dimension, to obtain the institute of waste material and colourity stock Need to minimize.But, second order nesting can not design or redesign master module and develop The desirable number of modification.Latter task will need three rank nestings, and this software also uses void Intend blank method and replace true statistical required during grinding.

Three rank of N/n > 100 or higher order nesting can be configured to process more than one every day In the larger central processing equipment of thousand box bodys and grinding center.The potential scale warp of these equipment Ji demonstrates and customizes sub-blank multiformity and the effectiveness of customization cluster blanks design.Should be regular Ground changes the design market demand with response change.These equipment sufficiently large and by their parameter It is given to sub-blank, CAD/CAM unit and/or the manufacturer of software.Be suitable to these equipment Nesting has the designed capacity being integrated in process feedback loop, and this ability allows based on very The scope of size and dimension and the template of correspondence of the real feedback data change sub-blank of composition set Meter.Such as, three rank nestings can change template dimension, the number of template neutron blank, Size, shape and arrangement, and if set the dimension of CNC machine support is given In meter involucrum, cluster blanks template and cluster blanks housing/holding body dimension are carried out parameter designing If, three rank nestings can select optimal Colour.

Owing to the most all grinding operations are as cad file, stl file or multiple Other standard digital any of miscellaneous 3D object represents and exists, it is possible in true grinding Before or with grind simultaneously implement above-mentioned optimization function.For example, it is possible to prediction, i.e. to be ground Multiple cad files derive or extrapolated grinding involucrum size and dimension distribution.These data Can be also used for assembling, designing and manufacture sub-blank and the template/framework of cluster blanks.Under It is right this ability of not same order nesting and function and other ability and function to be carried out in table Ratio.

The ability of table 3. nesting and function

According to the function of the nesting that upper table is summed up, the invention provides following one side Method: i.e., uses nesting efficiently to utilize cluster blanks, design and assemble to optimize Sub-blank layout in cluster blanks assembly, waste material and colourity stock is made to minimize.The method Can optionally include designing (DPD) methodological system optimization software based on digital process, Virtual blank method is specifically utilized to carry out the CAD/CAM of the horizontal tectonics manufactured.Institute The method of stating includes using arbitrarily combination and one or more operations of random order in following operation:

1) history provided the nesting relevant to the cell layout on front blank is ground Data are analyzed, and obtain the size and dimension distribution grinding involucrum.

2) behaviour to be ground represented by the file of corresponding CAD, STL or suitable is selected Make relevant box body group and a collection of cluster blanks with the sub-blank being provided with optimum arrangement mode Template (design).

3) as 1) another kind of selection, use higher-order nesting to provide as follows " void Intend statistics ": i.e. come from cad file or the most suitable mathematical notation of box body to be ground The distribution of involucrum size and dimension is ground in extrapolation.

4) true or virtual statistical analysiss based on the multiple grinding involucrums relevant to operation, really The vertical optimal number of sub-blank, shape and dimension.

5) according to the guidance of nesting, selected sub-blank is assembled into selected template to manufacture Cluster blanks also grinds box body.

6) reacquire about grinding involucrum and the true or virtual statistics of output.

7) based on the average output of maximum, the minimum waste material of every sub-blank and minimum sub-blank Colourity stock level changes or redesigns template.

8) utilize identical CAD/CAM system to grind by the front blank of plastics and change or again set The template of meter.

9) alternatively, it is possible to use Special Equipment carries out the large-scale production of template Or can be with outsourcing template.

10) according to the guidance of nesting, assemble cluster blanks come grinding operation relevant under One group of box body.

11) alternatively, it is possible to use three rank nestings are automatically brought into operation and oneself Dynamic perform operation 5) to 10) at least some of operation.

It will be noted that if, with three rank nestings to operation 5) to 10) carry out from Dynamic operation, then this software acts essentially as manufacturing platform, is specifically used as numerical DC speed platform. At present, the grinding center perhaps operating dissimilar CAD/CAM system there is also advantage, But owing to standardized demand being increased and the market penetration of open architecture system Also improving, so single type list plateform system of all types material can be ground for operation Motive force will be gradually increased.Along with digital revolution at odontogical further development, die relatively Going out of few odontology (impression-less dentistry) and network processing center Existing, will be big to the demand of this manufacturing platform for larger central processing equipment and grinding center The earth increases.

Figure 13 to Figure 24 illustrates the sub-blank being installed on framework by various erecting devices. Figure 13 and Figure 14 illustrates the different embodiments of the invention with circular frame 80 and 82.Frame Frame 80 is the circular structure of the sub-blank with the periphery layout along framework 80.Framework 82 There is the opposite sides at framework and be arranged to a cover blank of two row.Each sub-blank 84 is pacified Installing to have on the support member 86 of flange 88, this flange 88 is installed to the axle with longitudinal axis On 90, axle 90 is installed on framework 80.Sub-blank 84 can bond or otherwise It is attached on flange 88.Axle 90 can have random cross-sectional shape, such as hexagon or eight Limit shape, it is preferred that axle 90 has circular cross section.Axle 90 is inserted into framework In 80 and 82.Alternatively, axle 90 can include the groove extended around periphery To receive location screw or other structure.

Figure 15 and Figure 16 is shown respectively the sub-blank 92 being respectively installed on framework 96 and 98 With 94.In fig .15, sub-blank 92 is nested in framework 96 by support member 100.Figure 16 illustrate sub-blank 94, and this sub-blank has recess 102 to be installed on framework 98.

Figure 17 to Figure 19 illustrates rectangular frame 104, and this framework has and is arranged in two row and installs Sub-blank 106 to the opposite sides of framework 104.Shown sub-blank 106 is installed to support member On 108, support member 108 is installed to framework 104.Support member 108 includes flange 110 and axle 112 to be installed on framework 104.

Figure 20 to Figure 24 illustrates another embodiment of cluster blanks 120, this cluster blanks 120 have rectangular frame 122, and a series of sub-blanks 124 are installed along the both sides of framework 122. Sub-blank 124 is installed on support member 126, and this support member is coupled on framework 122.Support Part 126 includes flange portion 128 and the axle 130 extended in framework 122.In this example, The part to be ground of sub-blank is fully disposed in outside framework.

Figure 25 to Figure 27 illustrates cluster blanks 140, and this cluster blanks has insertion and is installed to Sub-blank 142 in circular frame 144.The sectional view of Figure 25 is shown on appropriate location Sub-blank, this sub-blank is install or mated in accepter 146 closely, and this accepter is joined Close in framework 144.

Figure 27 illustrates the exploded view of cluster blanks 140, it is shown that top 148 He of framework 144 Bottom 150.Sub-blank 142 is arranged in bottom 150, and top 148 is arranged on sub-blank 142 With above bottom 150 sub-blank 142 is held in place by during grinding.Bolt In 152 or similar clamp devices are inserted into a series of openings of upper and lower and by these Part fastens and keeps together.

Figure 28 to Figure 33 illustrates the sectional view of the sub-blank 142 being arranged in framework 144. Shown in every sub-blank be installed on the holding body 146 that is arranged on bottom 150.Top 148 Being installed on bottom 150, upper and lower is kept together by bolt 152 or similar device. As Figure 30 is best illustrated, the sharp edge of body 146 is kept to be squeezed in frame unit 148.Figure 32 and Figure 33 are shown more clearly that the sharp edge keeping body 146 being coupled in framework 148.Son Blank 142 can bond or be similarly mounted to keep on body 146, or keeps body 146 Sub-blank can be accommodated closely and be used as compressor, i.e. by top and/or lower compression. Should be mentioned in that the layout of the sub-blank in framework 148 can use and include such as Fig. 3 to Fig. 7 With Fig. 9 to the structure shown in 11 in interior any configuration.Keep body 146 can by flexible, Elastic or elastomeric material is made.Additionally, keep body can connect (snap by snap fastener Connection) or compressed fit (compression fit) and coordinate with cluster blanks.Institute Having in embodiment, sub-blank can be mounted directly on framework, or is installed to be connected to framework On middleware.

Figure 34 to Figure 44 illustrates another embodiment of cluster blanks 170, this cluster blanks Have at the framework 171 being internally provided with sub-blank 172.Framework 171 includes inner peripheral 174 With outer peripheral edge 176.Sub-blank 172 can be mounted directly to framework as shown in Figure 13-Figure 24 On 171, or can be installed to keep on body 178 as shown in Figure 34-Figure 40.Sub-blank 172 can inner peripheral along framework 171 arrange as shown in figure 13 circlewise, or permissible Arrangement in a row as shown in figure 34.

Keep body 178 can dismantle from the inner peripheral 174 of framework 171 or be installed to this inner circumferential On edge 174.Framework 171 can have arbitrary shape, such as circle, oval or polygon, And that fix and/or movement parts can be included.Preferably, framework is single solid Part, but multiple-unit framework can also be used.Framework, keep body, sub-blank can by plastics, Composite, metal or ceramic material manufacture.

Figure 36 illustrates the framework 171 sectional view along the line 36-36 intercepting of Figure 34.Sub-hair Base 172 is installed to support member, mandrel or the bar including axle 180 and platform or flange 182 On.Axle 180 is by hexagon counterbore screw 184 and hexagon counterbore screw 186 mechanically It is fastened to keep on body 178.Figure 37 illustrates that framework 171 intercepts along the line 37-37 of Figure 34 Sectional view.Body 178 is kept to be fastened mechanically on framework 171 by shaft shoulder screw 188. Figure 38 illustrates the framework 171 sectional view along the line 38-38 intercepting of Figure 34, alignment pin 190 Support 192 through framework 171.The clamp device discussed include any machinery and It is not limited to the machinery of diagram.

Figure 39 to Figure 44 illustrates each perspective view of framework 171.Figure 39 is shown in framework 171 Inner peripheral 174 on be disposed with the framework 171 of a series of support or protuberance 194.To keep The mechanism that body 178 is installed on framework 171 is not limited to protuberance or support, but can use Any type of mechanism or design.Shown support 194 is arranged in relative the two of inner peripheral 174 Side.The parts such as such as hexagon screw can be utilized will to keep body by hex wrench 196 178 are fastened mechanically on the support 194 of framework 171.Equally, as shown in figure 43, can To utilize hexagon screw to be fastened mechanically to sub-blank 172 protect by hex wrench 198 Hold on body 178.

Figure 44 illustrates relative to each other a series of 4 the sub-blanks 172 being arranged in line.Should Point out, in any case sub-blank 172 is not limited to illustrated dimension, shape or color.Sub-blank Can be of the same size, colourity and/or material, or can be of different sizes, Colourity and/or material.If additionally, use greater or lesser sub-blank, the most sub-blank Size according to size is changed by number.Such as, if using longer sub-blank, then may be used The sub-blank of single file is used to be different from the situation of two row blanks shown in Figure 34 and 44.Son Blank may be used for manufacturing the dental articles of all sizes, includes but not limited to single unit dentistry Goods, two unit dental articles, three unit dental articles, four unit dental articles, Unit five Dental articles and six unit dental articles.As it can be seen, sub-blank has base portion, top and many Individual side.This base portion mechanically fastens or fixes adhesively or be integrally mounted to include putting down Platform or flange 182 and axle 180 are on interior support member, mandrel or bar.Top and side are Do not close to carry out Surface Machining.

Following instance illustrates raising output and reduces material waste, and these advantages can be derived from use Cluster blanks formed according to the present invention replaces single-piece disk or blank.

The single ZirCAD blank-C14 and B40 with two kinds of sizes (is derived from e.max CAD) it is used as sub-blank.Use the Charly4dental for producing dental prostheses by batch CNC grinder 56 (see, e.g. Fig. 8) (it is available from Charlyrobot, Cruseilless, France).Charly4dental is equipped with accommodating two 100mm (～4 ") or less The disk fixed system of disk 58.This grinder is mainly designed for the zirconium oxide to soft sintering Dry grinding is carried out with resin disk (such as PMMA).Utilize identical grinder, use first Individual 100mm PMMA disk manufactures the framework (template) of cluster blanks.At PMMA circle In dish, grinding size is 25 × 20mm²With 45 × 20mm²Four rectangles being arranged symmetrically with open Mouthful, then 2 ZirCAD C15 and 2 C40 zirconium oxide blanks are arranged in the opening, In obtained uniform gap, fill LECOSET 100 may be cast as mounting material and (be available from LECO, product #812-125).Two 3 unit bridges and two molars are ground to form sub-hair Base.If using single-piece 100mm zirconium oxide disk, then residue zirconium oxide will as shown in Figure 2 It is dropped.When cluster blanks, remove the sub-blank of residue, and can re-use PMMA framework assembles next cluster blanks.

All expression numbers or the numeral of parameter used by description are construed as in institute in love Can modify with term " about " extraly under condition.Even if numerical range listed herein Being approximation with parameter, the wide scope theme that proposed, listed numerical range is also essence as far as possible Really indicate.Such as, any numerical value all may include inherently because of measurement skill respective with it Standard deviation that art is relevant and some error of showing or round-off error and mistake.

Although describe the present invention already in connection with preferred embodiment, but the technology of this area Personnel it should be appreciated that can without departing from be defined by the appended claims the present invention spirit With the interpolation not described in detail in the case of scope, delete, revise and replace.

Claims (26)

1. for manufacturing group's grinding blank of dental articles, including:

Framework, its blank holding body being configured to CAD/CAM system coordinates, wherein, described frame Frame includes inner peripheral and outer peripheral edge；And

Many sub-blanks, it is installed on the inner peripheral of described framework；

Wherein, the plurality of sub-blank is installed on dismountable holding body；

Described dismountable holding body is installed on described framework；

Described framework includes the multiple protuberances arranged along described inner peripheral；

Described dismountable holding body is installed on the plurality of protuberance；And

Described protuberance is arranged in row relative to each other, and described dismountable holding body is installed to each row and highlights In portion.

Blank grinds in group the most according to claim 1, and wherein, described sub-blank is the tightest Gu or fixing adhesively or be integrally mounted in mandrel, described mandrel is fastened mechanically to described frame On frame.

Blank grinds in group the most according to claim 1, wherein, in described dental articles includes Hat, bridge body, support, artificial tooth, space holders, tooth displacement apparatus, mouth cavity orthodontic keeper, Denture, tooth stake, little, clamping plate, base station, tooth nail, connector, corona, partial crown, tooth veneer, Onlay, inlay, bridge, reparation partial denture, graft or abutment.

Blank grinds in group the most according to claim 1, and wherein, described sub-blank has identical Size, colourity and/or material.

Blank grinds in group the most according to claim 1, and wherein, described sub-blank has difference Size, colourity and/or material.

Blank grinds in group the most according to claim 1, and wherein, described framework is by plastics, multiple Condensation material or metal material are formed.

Group the most according to claim 1 grind blank, wherein, described holding body by plastics, Composite or metal material are formed.

Blank grinds in group the most according to claim 1, and wherein, described sub-blank is by following material One or more in material are formed: dental polishing, dentistry polymer, composite and metal material.

Blank grinds in group the most according to claim 1, and wherein, described framework is single solid Part.

Blank grinds in group the most according to claim 1, and wherein, described framework includes fixed part Part or mobile parts.

Blank grinds in 11. groups according to claim 1, and wherein, big sub-blank is used for manufacturing Single unit dental articles, two unit dental articles, three unit dental articles, four unit dental articles, Five unit dental articles or six unit dental articles.

Blank grinds in 12. groups according to claim 1, and wherein, the shape of described framework is round Shape, oval or polygonal.

Blank grinds in 13. groups according to claim 1, and wherein, described sub-blank is arranged to can Addressing matrix, described addressable matrices utilizes the history from previous grinding operation or previous transactional operation to receive Parameter be designed；

Described sub-blank has the parameter received with the history from previous grinding operation or previous transactional operation The characteristic being associated.

Blank grinds in 14. groups according to claim 13, and wherein, described characteristic includes material Type, material behavior, the size of described sub-blank, the shape of described sub-blank and/or described sub-blank Colourity.

Blank, wherein, the grinding of described sub-blank grind in 15. groups according to claim 13 Determined by such parameter: described parameter includes Cartridge type, material Selection parameter, described dentistry system The size of product, the shape of described dental articles, the colourity of described dental articles, optimal cutter path and Abrasive parameters.

Blank grinds in 16. groups according to claim 15, and wherein, described abrasive parameters includes Tool type, depth of cut, charging rate, revolutions per minute (rpm) and/or linear velocity.

Blank grinds in 17. groups according to claim 16, and wherein, described tool type includes Cutting, grinding or abradant surface, described cutter includes the material of cutter, shape and/or size.

18. groups according to claim 17 grind blanks, wherein, described cutting, grinding, Or abradant surface includes diamond, carbide, hardening steel or pottery.

Blanks grind in 19. groups according to claim 17, wherein, the shape of tool be cylindrical, Cone, plate-like, shape spherical or with groove.

Blank, wherein, the size bag of described cutter grind in 20. groups according to claim 17 Include diameter and length.

Blank, wherein, diamond cutter material bag grind in 21. groups according to claim 17 Include diamond abrasive grain.

Blank, wherein, the chi of described depth of cut grind in 22. groups according to claim 18 Very little in micron order to millimetre-sized scope.

Blank grinds in 23. groups according to claim 19, and wherein, described abrasive parameters is also wrapped Parameter after spotting-in mill, after described grinding, parameter includes coating, glazing or the parameter of heat treatment.

Blank grinds in 24. groups according to claim 13, wherein, selects described framework, institute State many sub-blanks, described parameter and described characteristic to make waste of material and colourity stock minimum,

Wherein, described parameter is selected from the group consisted of: Cartridge type, material Selection parameter, dentistry The size of goods, the shape of dental articles, the colourity of dental articles, optimal cutter path, abrasive parameters, The statistical data grinding involucrum of use, use stock, residue stock, box in the manufacture of dental articles Body history；Described characteristic is selected from the group that consists of: material type, material behavior, sub-blank dimension, Sub-blank shape, sub-blank colourity.

Blank, wherein, the shape of described sub-blank grind in 25. groups according to claim 14 Including polygon, circle, ellipse and/or complexity close to mesh shape.

Blank grinds in 26. groups according to claim 1, and wherein, described sub-blank is polygon , circular, oval and/or complexity close to mesh shape.