CN104380954B - 一种天目地黄的育苗方法 - Google Patents

一种天目地黄的育苗方法 Download PDF

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CN104380954B
CN104380954B CN201410571035.0A CN201410571035A CN104380954B CN 104380954 B CN104380954 B CN 104380954B CN 201410571035 A CN201410571035 A CN 201410571035A CN 104380954 B CN104380954 B CN 104380954B
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seed
root
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赵锦慧
陈璨
李俐俐
阮先乐
郭宁
何乐
王俊生
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Zhoukou Normal University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种天目地黄的育苗方法，包括采集种子，层积浸泡处理以及移栽的步骤。利用本发明得到的天目地黄的种子实生苗成活率和成苗率高，根系发达。

Description

一种天目地黄的育苗方法
技术领域
本发明涉及的是天目地黄的育苗方法。
背景技术
天目地黄为多年生半常绿草本。根茎肉质肥厚，橘红色。茎直立，株高30-60cm,全株被灰白长柔毛或腺毛。基生叶莲座状，叶椭圆形，基部渐狭成长柄；茎生叶向上渐小，上面绿色，皱缩；下面紫红色；叶缘锯齿。总状花序顶生或单生叶腋；花大，花冠筒微弯，外面紫红色，内面黄色油紫斑。蔌果卵形，种子多。花期4-5月。
原产我国浙江、安徽等地，生长于山坡草丛中。喜阴湿凉爽环境；稍耐寒；忌酷热。目前繁殖方式主要为分株繁殖，而种子繁殖萌发的幼苗成活率较低，出苗后整齐度不齐。
发明内容
本发明针对现有的不足提供了一种天目地黄的育苗方法。
本发明通过以下方法实现上述目的。
一种天目地黄的育苗方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)采集成熟的天目地黄种子，种子净度为95％；
(2)将采集的种子摊放在通风荫凉处，荫干15-20天后将种子先用质量体积比0.5％高锰酸钾溶液浸泡50-55min消毒，然后用65℃的热水浸泡4小时，自然冷却后用清水冲洗种子去除消毒液残留物和种子浸出物；
(3)配制植物浸提液：选取发育良好的千里光植株，采集其根、茎、叶，荫干后用剪刀剪碎，分别称取根、茎、叶：5、2.5、10g，加入100倍蒸馏水，25～30℃浸泡48h，4层纱布过滤后得浸提液原液，再用旋转蒸发仪减压蒸发得浓缩液，定容至100ml；在上述定容100ml的浓缩液中加入20ppm赤霉素和15ppm水杨酸得到浸提液；
(4)层积浸泡处理：将种子在所述浸提液中浸泡4h，然后用河沙、蛭石与种子均匀混合制得基质，放入种子袋中，将种子袋放入20-22℃的培养箱中培养2天后，取出种子袋，补充水分翻拌均匀，然后将种子袋放入6-8℃的培养箱中培养3天后，再取出种子袋，补充水分翻拌均匀，然后将种子袋放入20-22℃的培养箱中培养，种子开始露白，即可用于播种；
所述基质混合质量比例为河沙:蛭石:种子＝3:2:1；翻拌期间若发现有霉烂的种子应及时挑出；
(5)将发芽种子播种到温室内的苗床上，控制温度在21-25℃，所述苗床的基质为由以下重量份的成分组成：腐殖土450份、园土19份、50％多菌灵0.08份、蛭石10份和河沙30份，按照上述比例混合基质后，将福尔马林用水稀释50倍后喷洒基质，每平方米基质用福尔马林20m1；
(6)待幼苗长至2-4cm时，即可移栽到大田。
有益效果
本发明具有以下优点：
1、发明综合利用干燥、浸泡、生长调节剂调节以及多基质变温层积处理等打破种子休眠的技术，特别是层积处理的技术，包括采用了合适比例的多种基质以及从高温到低温又到高温的处理，使得利用本发明得到的天目地黄的种子实生苗成活率和成苗率高，根系发达；
2、经过含有千里光浸提液和生长调节剂、水杨酸的浸泡后，极大提高了天目地黄种子的萌发成活率；
3、本发明所配制的层积基质，增加了基质的透气性，进而有利于种子的呼吸，因此，加快了天目地黄种子的破眠过程。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，下述各实施例仅用于说明本发明，对本发明并没有限制。
实施例
一种天目地黄的育苗方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)采集成熟的天目地黄种子，种子净度为95％；
(2)将采集的种子摊放在通风荫凉处，荫干15-20天后将种子先用质量体积比0.5％高锰酸钾溶液浸泡50-55min消毒，然后用65℃的热水浸泡4小时，自然冷却后用清水冲洗种子去除消毒液残留物和种子浸出物；
(3)配制植物浸提液：选取发育良好的千里光植株，采集其根、茎、叶，荫干后用剪刀剪碎，分别称取根、茎、叶5、2.5、10g，加入100倍蒸馏水，25～30℃浸泡48h，4层纱布过滤后得浸提液原液，再用旋转蒸发仪减压蒸发得浓缩液，定容至100ml；在上述定容100ml的浓缩液中加入20ppm赤霉素和15ppm水杨酸得到浸提液；
(4)层积浸泡处理：将种子在所述浸提液中浸泡4h，然后用河沙、蛭石与种子均匀混合制得基质，放入种子袋中，将种子袋放入20-22℃的培养箱中培养2天后，取出种子袋，补充水分翻拌均匀，然后将种子袋放入6-8℃的培养箱中培养3天后，再取出种子袋，补充水分翻拌均匀，然后将种子袋放入20-22℃的培养箱中培养，种子开始露白，即可用于播种；
所述基质混合质量比例为河沙:蛭石:种子＝3:2:1；翻拌期间若发现有霉烂的种子应及时挑出；
(5)将发芽种子播种到温室内的苗床上，控制温度在21-25℃，所述苗床的基质为由以下重量份的成分组成：腐殖土450份、园土19份、50％多菌灵0.08份、蛭石10份和河沙30份，按照上述比例混合基质后，将福尔马林用水稀释50倍后喷洒基质，每平方米基质用福尔马林20m1；
(6)待幼苗长至2-4cm时，即可移栽到大田，此时天目地黄种子成苗率为90％，移栽成活率为96％。
上面所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的构思和范围进行限定。本发明请求保护的内容都记载在权利要求书中。

Claims (1)

1.一种天目地黄的育苗方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)采集成熟的天目地黄种子，种子净度为95％；
(2)将采集的种子摊放在通风荫凉处，荫干15-20天后将种子先用质量体积比0.5％高锰酸钾溶液浸泡50-55min消毒，然后用65℃的热水浸泡4小时，自然冷却后用清水冲洗种子去除消毒液残留物和种子浸出物；
(3)配制植物浸提液：选取发育良好的千里光植株，采集其根、茎、叶，荫干后用剪刀剪碎，分别称取根、茎、叶：5、2.5、10g，加入100倍蒸馏水，25～30℃浸泡48h，4层纱布过滤后得浸提液原液，再用旋转蒸发仪减压蒸发得浓缩液，定容至100ml；在上述定容100ml的浓缩液中加入20ppm赤霉素和15ppm水杨酸得到浸提液；
(4)层积浸泡处理：将种子在所述浸提液中浸泡4h，然后用河沙、蛭石与种子均匀混合制得基质，放入种子袋中，将种子袋放入20-22℃的培养箱中培养2天后，取出种子袋，补充水分翻拌均匀，然后将种子袋放入6-8℃的培养箱中培养3天后，再取出种子袋，补充水分翻拌均匀，然后将种子袋放入20-22℃的培养箱中培养，种子开始露白，即可用于播种；
所述基质混合质量比例为河沙:蛭石:种子＝3:2:1；翻拌期间若发现有霉烂的种子应及时挑出；
(5)将发芽种子播种到温室内的苗床上，控制温度在21-25℃，所述苗床的基质为由以下重量份的成分组成：腐殖土450份、园土19份、50％多菌灵0.08份、蛭石10份和河沙30份，按照上述比例混合基质后，将福尔马林用水稀释50倍后喷洒基质，每平方米基质用福尔马林20m1；
(6)待幼苗长至2-4cm时，即可移栽到大田。
CN201410571035.0A 2014-10-23 2014-10-23 一种天目地黄的育苗方法 Expired - Fee Related CN104380954B (zh)

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CN106148453B (zh) * 2016-07-14 2019-05-17 河南农业大学 一种利用地黄毛状根生产毛蕊花糖苷的方法
CN107182357A (zh) * 2017-07-18 2017-09-22 合肥百绿盛农业科技有限公司 一种红枣种子的催芽育苗方法

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