CN104380875A - Method for cold resistance treatment on corn seed to eliminate rogue - Google Patents

Method for cold resistance treatment on corn seed to eliminate rogue Download PDF

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CN104380875A
CN104380875A CN201410588911.0A CN201410588911A CN104380875A CN 104380875 A CN104380875 A CN 104380875A CN 201410588911 A CN201410588911 A CN 201410588911A CN 104380875 A CN104380875 A CN 104380875A
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corn seed
seed
corn
cold
brassin
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胡志佳
崔海滨
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cold resistance treatment on corn seeds to eliminate rogues, aiming at solving the problems that corn seeds treated by using a conventional method are easy to powder, the seeding temperature needs to be high, the sprouting rate and the effective strong seedling rate are low and the corn yield after autumn is low. The method comprises the following steps: I, finely selecting corn seeds; II, performing plasma treatment; III, soaking the seeds; IV, accelerating germination; V, selecting seeds; VI, drying the seeds; and VII, storing the seeds, thereby completing the method for cold resistance treatment on corn seeds to eliminate rogues. The method has the advantages that the seeding time of the corn seeds treated by using the method is earlier for 10-15 days compared with that of ordinary corn seeds, and the seeds are not powdered; 100% of seeds with strong sprouts can be sown, the effective strong seedling rate is up to 100%, the corn seedlings are strong and in good growth vigor, and the corn yield after autumn is increased by 15%. The invention provides the method for cold resistance treatment on corn seeds to eliminate rogues.

Description

The method of inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for the cold-resistant and superseded inferior strain of a kind of corn seed.
Background technology
Ordinary maize seed is when planting, directly sow after seed is only the used Normal seed coating dressing such as " many grams of good fortune ", " sharp victory ", its shortcoming is that soil temperature must reach more than 8 DEG C and sows guarantee not by chilling injury, otherwise sowing too early, running into low temperature and high relative humidity soil will powder kind, i.e. rotten kind; Its two, conventional seed, without " method of cold-resistant and superseded inferior strain " process, directly after planting, can not ensure 100% bud rate, with can not ensureing under the seed that 98% bud gesture is strong.Effective strong sprout only has 80%, and weak seedling has become weeds, can not meet the planting requirement of modern high yield agronomy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve existing method process corn seed and there is easy powder kind, need the temperature of sowing high, germination rate and all low and that corn yield the is low after autumn problem of effective rate in strong sprout, and provide the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed to eliminate the method for inferior strain.
A method for inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of corn seed, specifically completes according to the following steps:
One, elite corn seed: use the square hole screen that fineness is 5.0mm to sieve to corn seed, remove the corn seed of small-size maize seed and broken wound, obtain selected corn seed;
Two, plasma treatment: be under the condition of 1.0A in current intensity, uses plasma seed processing machine to process twice continuously to selected corn seed; Obtain the corn seed after plasma treatment;
Three, soak seed: in the environment at room temperature dry by the corn seed after plasma treatment, preserve 120h ~ 168h, then to be immersed in temperature be 16h ~ 18h in the brassin liquid of 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, obtain brassin liquid soak after corn seed;
Four, vernalization is sprouted: the corn seed after brassin liquid soaks is put into germination cylinder, in temperature be under the condition of 20 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C every 3h ~ 4h by germination drum turning 720 °, every 6h ~ 7h, serviceability temperature is corn seed after the distilled water cleaning brassin liquid of 25 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C soaks 1 time, until the germination rate of corn seed reaches 80% ~ 85%, stop germinate, obtain vernalization sprout after corn seed;
Five, pick out seed: pick out at ambient temperature vernalization sprout after corn seed in the corn seed that do not sprout and the weak corn seed of bud gesture, obtain the corn seed that bud gesture is strong; The corn seed using sharp victory seed coat agent strong to bud gesture carries out dressing, obtains the corn seed after sharp victory seed coat agent dressing;
The mass ratio of the corn seed that the volume of described sharp victory seed coat agent and bud gesture are strengthened is 50 kilograms: (200mL ~ 300mL);
Six, roasted grain: the moisture using seed dryer the corn seed after sharp victory seed coat agent dressing to be carried out to the corn seed of drying to sharp victory seed coat agent dressing is 20% ~ 22%, stops drying, and obtains the corn seed after drying;
Seven, stored seed: it is that the dry warehouse of 5 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C is preserved that the corn seed after drying is put into temperature, namely completes the method that inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed.
Advantage of the present invention:
One, the corn seed after process of the present invention, is advanced by 10 days ~ 15 days between the sowing than ordinary maize seed, the corn seed after process of the present invention can be 4.5 DEG C of sowings in outdoor ground temperature, and not powder kind;
Two, the present invention has eliminated the weak corn seed of bud gesture, with ensure that under the seed that 100% bud gesture is strong, after planting there is not weak seedling, effective strong sprout reaches 100%, and maize seedling is strengthened, growing way is good, and compared with the corn seed do not used after process of the present invention, corn yield after autumn adds 15%;
Three, the corn seed of use process of the present invention can than shifting to an earlier date sowing in 10 days ~ 15 days normal sowing time, namely farming season is robbed, can emerge ahead of time again 7 days ~ 10 days, reseize effective accumulated temperature 150 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, effectively can eliminate ablastous seed and the weak seed of bud gesture by the corn seed of process of the present invention, reduce weak seedling rate.
The present invention can obtain the method that inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment is the method that inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed, specifically completes according to the following steps:
One, elite corn seed: use the square hole screen that fineness is 5.0mm to sieve to corn seed, remove the corn seed of small-size maize seed and broken wound, obtain selected corn seed;
Two, plasma treatment: be under the condition of 1.0A in current intensity, uses plasma seed processing machine to process twice continuously to selected corn seed; Obtain the corn seed after plasma treatment;
Three, soak seed: in the environment at room temperature dry by the corn seed after plasma treatment, preserve 120h ~ 168h, then to be immersed in temperature be 16h ~ 18h in the brassin liquid of 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, obtain brassin liquid soak after corn seed;
Four, vernalization is sprouted: the corn seed after brassin liquid soaks is put into germination cylinder, in temperature be under the condition of 20 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C every 3h ~ 4h by germination drum turning 720 °, every 6h ~ 7h, serviceability temperature is corn seed after the distilled water cleaning brassin liquid of 25 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C soaks 1 time, until the germination rate of corn seed reaches 80% ~ 85%, stop germinate, obtain vernalization sprout after corn seed;
Five, pick out seed: pick out at ambient temperature vernalization sprout after corn seed in the corn seed that do not sprout and the weak corn seed of bud gesture, obtain the corn seed that bud gesture is strong; The corn seed using sharp victory seed coat agent strong to bud gesture carries out dressing, obtains the corn seed after sharp victory seed coat agent dressing;
The mass ratio of the corn seed that the volume of described sharp victory seed coat agent and bud gesture are strengthened is 50 kilograms: (200mL ~ 300mL);
Six, roasted grain: the moisture using seed dryer the corn seed after sharp victory seed coat agent dressing to be carried out to the corn seed of drying to sharp victory seed coat agent dressing is 20% ~ 22%, stops drying, and obtains the corn seed after drying;
Seven, stored seed: it is that the dry warehouse of 5 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C is preserved that the corn seed after drying is put into temperature, namely completes the method that inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed.
The advantage of present embodiment:
One, the corn seed after present embodiment process, is advanced by 10 days ~ 15 days between the sowing than ordinary maize seed, the corn seed after present embodiment process can be 4.5 DEG C of sowings in outdoor ground temperature, and not powder kind;
Two, present embodiment has eliminated the weak corn seed of bud gesture, with ensure that under the seed that 100% bud gesture is strong, after planting there is not weak seedling, effective strong sprout reaches 100%, and maize seedling is strengthened, growing way is good, and compared with the corn seed do not used after present embodiment process, corn yield after autumn adds 15%;
Three, the corn seed of use present embodiment process can than shifting to an earlier date sowing in 10 days ~ 15 days normal sowing time, namely farming season is robbed, can emerge ahead of time again 7 days ~ 10 days, reseize effective accumulated temperature 150 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, effectively can eliminate ablastous seed and the weak seed of bud gesture by the corn seed of this present embodiment process, reduce weak seedling rate.
Present embodiment can obtain the method that inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one difference are: the oven dry leaving air temp of the seed dryer described in step 6 is 30 DEG C ~ 35 DEG C.Other steps are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: one of present embodiment and embodiment one or two difference is: preserve 120h ~ 140h by environment at room temperature dry for the corn seed after plasma treatment in step 3, being immersed in temperature is again 16h ~ 18h in the brassin liquid of 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, obtains the corn seed after the immersion of brassin liquid.Other steps are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three difference is: preserve 140h ~ 168h by environment at room temperature dry for the corn seed after plasma treatment in step 3, being immersed in temperature is again 16h ~ 18h in the brassin liquid of 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, obtains the corn seed after the immersion of brassin liquid.Other steps are identical with embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four difference is: in step 4 brassin liquid soak after corn seed put into germination cylinder, in temperature be under the condition of 25 DEG C every 3.5h by germination drum turning 720 °.Other steps are identical with embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to five difference is: in step 4 brassin liquid soak after corn seed put into germination cylinder, in temperature be under the condition of 25 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C every 3h by germination drum turning 720 °.Other steps are identical with embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to six difference is: pick out at ambient temperature in step 5 vernalization sprout after corn seed in the corn seed that do not sprout and the weak corn seed of bud gesture be that use type selects machine carry out machine choosing or use hand picking.Other steps are identical with embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to seven difference is: every 6h ~ 7h, serviceability temperature is corn seed after the distilled water cleaning brassin liquid of 30 DEG C soaks 1 time, until the germination rate of corn seed reaches 85%, stop germinate, obtain vernalization sprout after corn seed.Other steps are identical with embodiment one to seven.
Embodiment nine: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to eight difference is: the mass ratio of the corn seed that the volume of the sharp victory seed coat agent described in step 5 and bud gesture are strengthened is 50 kilograms: 200mL.Other steps are identical with embodiment one to eight.
Embodiment ten: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to nine difference is: the moisture using seed dryer the corn seed after sharp victory seed coat agent dressing to be carried out to the corn seed of drying to sharp victory seed coat agent dressing in step 6 is 22%, stop drying, obtain the corn seed after drying.Other steps are identical with embodiment one to nine.
Adopt following verification experimental verification beneficial effect of the present invention:
Test one: the method for inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed, specifically completes according to the following steps:
One, elite corn seed: use the square hole screen that fineness is 5.0mm to sieve to corn seed, remove the corn seed of small-size maize seed and broken wound, obtain selected corn seed;
Two, plasma treatment: be under the condition of 1.0A in current intensity, uses plasma seed processing machine to process twice continuously to selected corn seed; Obtain the corn seed after plasma treatment;
Three, soak seed: in the environment at room temperature dry by the corn seed after plasma treatment, preserve 144h, then to be immersed in temperature be 18h in the brassin liquid of 25 DEG C, obtain brassin liquid soak after corn seed;
Four, vernalization is sprouted: the corn seed after brassin liquid soaks is put into germination cylinder, in temperature be under the condition of 25 DEG C every 3.5h by germination drum turning 720 °, every 6.5h, serviceability temperature is corn seed after the distilled water cleaning brassin liquid of 25 DEG C soaks 1 time, until the germination rate of corn seed reaches 85%, stop germinate, obtain vernalization sprout after corn seed;
Five, pick out seed: pick out at ambient temperature vernalization sprout after corn seed in the corn seed that do not sprout and the weak corn seed of bud gesture, obtain the corn seed that bud gesture is strong; The corn seed using sharp victory seed coat agent strong to bud gesture carries out dressing, obtains the corn seed after sharp victory seed coat agent dressing;
The mass ratio of the corn seed that the volume of described sharp victory seed coat agent and bud gesture are strengthened is 50 kilograms: 200mL;
Six, roasted grain: the moisture using seed dryer the corn seed after sharp victory seed coat agent dressing to be carried out to the corn seed of drying to sharp victory seed coat agent dressing is 22%, stops drying, and obtains the corn seed after drying;
Seven, stored seed: it is that the dry warehouse of 15 DEG C is preserved that the corn seed after drying is put into temperature, namely completes the method that inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed.
Pick out at ambient temperature in this experimental procedure five vernalization sprout after corn seed in the corn seed that do not sprout and the weak corn seed of bud gesture be that use type selects machine to carry out machine choosing.
Corn seed after this test process, is advanced by 13 days between the sowing than ordinary maize seed, the corn seed after this test process can be 4.5 DEG C of sowings in outdoor temperature, and not powder kind;
The weak corn seed of bud gesture has been eliminated in this test, with ensure that under the seed that 100% bud gesture is strong, does not after planting occur weak seedling, effective strong sprout reaches 100%, and maize seedling is strengthened, and growing way is good, compared with corn seed after processing with not using this test, corn yield after autumn adds 15%.

Claims (10)

1. a method for inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of corn seed, it is characterized in that the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed eliminates that the method for inferior strain specifically completes according to the following steps:
One, elite corn seed: use the square hole screen that fineness is 5.0mm to sieve to corn seed, remove the corn seed of small-size maize seed and broken wound, obtain selected corn seed;
Two, plasma treatment: be under the condition of 1.0A in current intensity, uses plasma seed processing machine to process twice continuously to selected corn seed; Obtain the corn seed after plasma treatment;
Three, soak seed: in the environment at room temperature dry by the corn seed after plasma treatment, preserve 120h ~ 168h, then to be immersed in temperature be 16h ~ 18h in the brassin liquid of 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, obtain brassin liquid soak after corn seed;
Four, vernalization is sprouted: the corn seed after brassin liquid soaks is put into germination cylinder, in temperature be under the condition of 20 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C every 3h ~ 4h by germination drum turning 720 °, every 6h ~ 7h, serviceability temperature is corn seed after the distilled water cleaning brassin liquid of 25 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C soaks 1 time, until the germination rate of corn seed reaches 80% ~ 85%, stop germinate, obtain vernalization sprout after corn seed;
Five, pick out seed: pick out at ambient temperature vernalization sprout after corn seed in the corn seed that do not sprout and the weak corn seed of bud gesture, obtain the corn seed that bud gesture is strong; The corn seed using sharp victory seed coat agent strong to bud gesture carries out dressing, obtains the corn seed after sharp victory seed coat agent dressing;
The mass ratio of the corn seed that the volume of described sharp victory seed coat agent and bud gesture are strengthened is 50 kilograms: (200mL ~ 300mL);
Six, roasted grain: the moisture using seed dryer the corn seed after sharp victory seed coat agent dressing to be carried out to the corn seed of drying to sharp victory seed coat agent dressing is 20% ~ 22%, stops drying, and obtains the corn seed after drying;
Seven, stored seed: it is that the dry warehouse of 5 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C is preserved that the corn seed after drying is put into temperature, namely completes the method that inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed.
2. the method for inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the oven dry leaving air temp of the seed dryer described in step 6 is 30 DEG C ~ 35 DEG C.
3. the method for inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that preserving 120h ~ 140h by environment at room temperature dry for the corn seed after plasma treatment in step 3, being immersed in temperature is again 16h ~ 18h in the brassin liquid of 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, obtains the corn seed after the immersion of brassin liquid.
4. the method for inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that preserving 140h ~ 168h by environment at room temperature dry for the corn seed after plasma treatment in step 3, being immersed in temperature is again 16h ~ 18h in the brassin liquid of 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, obtains the corn seed after the immersion of brassin liquid.
5. the method for inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 4 brassin liquid soak after corn seed put into germination cylinder, in temperature be under the condition of 25 DEG C every 3.5h by germination drum turning 720 °.
6. the method for inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 4 brassin liquid soak after corn seed put into germination cylinder, in temperature be under the condition of 25 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C every 3h by germination drum turning 720 °.
7. the method for inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the corn seed that do not sprout in the corn seed after picking out vernalization in step 5 at ambient temperature sprouts and the weak corn seed of bud gesture are that use type selects machine carry out machine choosing or use hand picking.
8. the method for inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that every 6h ~ 7h, serviceability temperature is corn seed after the distilled water cleaning brassin liquid of 30 DEG C soaks 1 time, until the germination rate of corn seed reaches 85%, stop germinate, obtain vernalization sprout after corn seed.
9. the method for inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the mass ratio of the corn seed that the volume of the sharp victory seed coat agent described in step 5 and bud gesture are strengthened is 50 kilograms: 200mL.
10. the method for inferior strain is eliminated in the cold-resistant process of a kind of corn seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the moisture using seed dryer the corn seed after sharp victory seed coat agent dressing to be carried out to the corn seed of drying to sharp victory seed coat agent dressing in step 6 is 22%, stop drying, obtain the corn seed after drying.
CN201410588911.0A 2014-10-28 2014-10-28 Method for cold resistance treatment on corn seed to eliminate rogue Pending CN104380875A (en)

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104756860A (en) * 2015-03-24 2015-07-08 河北省林业科学研究院 A breeding method for cultivating a cold-resistant plant
CN105815000A (en) * 2016-03-22 2016-08-03 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所 Seed treatment method and film-mulching cultivation method for spring corn
CN106612706A (en) * 2016-09-19 2017-05-10 朱玉生 Method for breaking dormancy of corn seeds
CN109717026A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-05-07 黑龙江省畜牧研究所 A kind of method of salt-soda soil maize planting

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104756860A (en) * 2015-03-24 2015-07-08 河北省林业科学研究院 A breeding method for cultivating a cold-resistant plant
CN105815000A (en) * 2016-03-22 2016-08-03 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所 Seed treatment method and film-mulching cultivation method for spring corn
CN105815000B (en) * 2016-03-22 2018-05-15 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所 A kind of spring maize method for treating seeds and covering cultivation method
CN106612706A (en) * 2016-09-19 2017-05-10 朱玉生 Method for breaking dormancy of corn seeds
CN109717026A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-05-07 黑龙江省畜牧研究所 A kind of method of salt-soda soil maize planting

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Application publication date: 20150304