CN104379871A - Anchor mechanism and cable rock bolt - Google Patents
Anchor mechanism and cable rock bolt Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104379871A CN104379871A CN201380032204.7A CN201380032204A CN104379871A CN 104379871 A CN104379871 A CN 104379871A CN 201380032204 A CN201380032204 A CN 201380032204A CN 104379871 A CN104379871 A CN 104379871A
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- Prior art keywords
- drag
- housing
- line
- holder elements
- dilator element
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title description 32
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010339 dilation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/006—Anchoring-bolts made of cables or wires
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
- Flexible Shafts (AREA)
- Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
An expander mechanism (10) and a cable bolt, in which the expander mechanism includes gripper elements (13) which define a central bore (14) into which a cable end (15) can be inserted. A housing (16) houses the elements (13) and the housing (16) and the elements (13) cooperate slidingly along facing inclined surfaces (17, 18) so that relative movement increases or decreases the diameter of the central bore (14). A plurality of expander elements (25) cooperate slidingly against an outside surface (26) of the housing (16), so that movement of the housing 16 relative to the expander elements (25) can shift the expander elements (25) radially outwardly. The housing (16) has front and rear ends (21, 31) and an opening (32) formed in the rear end (31) to allow insertion of the cable (1 1) to enter the central bore (14) of the gripper elements (13). A biasing arrangement (34) acts between the housing (16) and the expander elements (25) to bias the expander elements (25) in a direction relative to the housing (16). A cable bolt including an expansion mechanism (10) is also provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rock bolt being suitable for stable crag and scar, such as underground mining and tunnel industry.The present invention relates to the rock anchor cable (cable rock bolts) adopting flexible cable and the mechanical expanders at drag-line front end place, this mechanical expanders is used for rock bolt grappling or piggy-back anchor to fix in the boring that anchor pole has been arranged on wherein.
Background technology
The following discussion of background of the present invention is intended to be conducive to understanding the present invention.But should be appreciated that, this discussion is not confirm or admit that any involved material is a part for that be disclosed, known or before the priority date of the application common practise.
Rock bolt for underground mining comprises solid hopkinson bar rock bolt and rock anchor cable.Solid hopkinson bar rock bolt adopts the rod of rigidity or bar, and due to bar be rigidity, so the bulk in the maximum length of the rock bolt position of being installed by it and direction and installation region is determined.Such as, if rock bolt is arranged in the mine laneway top bottom perpendicular to tunnel, then the length of anchor pole can not be longer than the height in tunnel.
On the contrary, because rock anchor cable adopts flexible cable instead of solid hopkinson bar, so can never be fed in boring with the direction aimed at of holing due to drag-line, the advantage that rock anchor cable has be, the length of anchor pole can be larger than the size in the space in installation region.Advantageously, the length of rock anchor cable significantly can be greater than the height of mine laneway, and under many circumstances, is greater than head-room doubly a lot.
Typical anchor cable is installed to be included in mine wall and is got out boring, the boring of such as 10m, and is then inserted in boring by drag-line.Cementation is then pumped in boring around drag-line, to be fixed in boring by drag-line.As filling process a part and before cement slurrypump is delivered in boring, grout pipe is just inserted in boring in the end near mine wall usually, and this boring is sealed in this end by the fast setting cements slurry around drag-line and grout pipe or closed.Cement paste can be then pumped in boring by grout pipe.But when cement paste enters boring, the air of its displacement must be emptying in boring.For this reason, the plastic pipe of minor diameter can be attached to the drag-line of anchor cable, and this pipe can extend to the inner of anchor pole completely, thus provides discharge-channel for replaced air.
The anchor cable of the above-mentioned type is installed the first problem had and is, this process itself is burden and consuming time, but the more important thing is, anchor cable does not provide wall reinforcement or support, until cementation solidification.This may need to reach 2 days, and therefore rock anchor cable provides finite support or do not provide support within this time.In addition, such anchor cable needs operation separately, with rock panel and other related accessory any are installed to drag-line tail end and by cable pull because these activities cannot be carried out before the solidification completely of cement paste has occurred.This can comprise the delay of a day or two days.In a lot of mining environment, the work in mine cannot continue before anchor cable all installs to provide required support.
In solid hopkinson bar rock bolt, can use mechanical expansion anchor that the front end of anchor pole or medial extremity are anchored to the medial extremity of boring.These mechanical anchors adopt the solid hopkinson bar be threaded usually, make the rotation of solid hopkinson bar can produce moving to axial between bar and anchor, and this moves to axial the facing inner surface expansion for making anchor abut against boring.Moved by this expansion, surface facing described in anchor friction grip, and the medial extremity of solid hopkinson bar is anchored in boring.
Expansion anchor for the above-mentioned type of solid hopkinson bar rock bolt is not suitable for anchor cable.Be not useable for flexible cable for being threaded of solid hopkinson bar rock bolt, and can not be used for rotating drag-line to produce required moving axially.
In the past, in rock anchor cable, use mechanical anchor, and in those are installed, anchor is arranged by chock and is coupled to drag-line.Chock is arranged and is comprised the wedge shape part being molded into drag-line or being otherwise fixed on appropriate location, and dilator element is positioned to this wedge shape part contiguous, but axially towards the openend of boring.Therefore, when drag-line is fed in boring, wedge shape part advances into boring in dilator element, but and then dilator element enters boring.Usually slight overlap is had between wedge shape part and dilator element.
Dilator element is attached to drag-line, but to allow the mode moved axially relative to drag-line to be attached to drag-line, when making to need, element can move axially on wedge shape part relative to wedge shape part, thus expansion.In order to maintain the position of element adjacent wedge, wind spring can be used in element bias voltages to become and wedge shape part initial engagement.Wind spring can bear against dilator element at one end, and bears against at other end place and be molded into stopper section on drag-line or adjacency section with the isolated position of dilator element.To be installed in boring period at rock anchor cable, the bias load being applied to dilator element is lower and is only enough to maintain the position of dilator element relative to wedge shape part.
Therefore, when drag-line is fed in boring, wedge shape part and dilator element keep together, but do not expand generation.Although the borehole wall surface that dilator element will trend towards swiping facing during installation, this can trend towards making dilator element away from the displacement of wedge shape part, and the bias voltage of spring is resisted this and moved.But, when drag-line arrived its hole in final position time, the pulling force being applied to drag-line makes wedge shape part move axially relative to dilator element and force dilator element to be expanded, and is frictionally engaged with borehole wall.Drag-line is pulled, until time the joint between dilator element and hole wall is enough to the front end of drag-line to be anchored on appropriate location.
Be applied to normally about 10 tons of the pulling force of drag-line.Once required power is applied to drag-line, the expansion of anchor is completed and drag-line stretches completely, the opposite end or the tail end that then extend to the drag-line outside boring can be fixed on appropriate location, to prevent returning of drag-line from moving axially, thus maintain the stretching applied in drag-line.
The rock anchor cable of above-mentioned form can with the guy cable length supply of pre-cut, and mechanical anchor arrives one end of drag-line surely.Once mechanical anchor activates, then anchor cable then pours into and puts in place.Therefore, grout pipe is inserted in the openend of boring, and drilling end seals at the quick-setting cement paste in this end.As mentioned above, cement paste can be then pumped in boring by grout pipe, and plastic pipe can be used in air from discharge in boring.
The subject matter that the anchor cable of the above-mentioned type has is, they do not manufacture at the scene and therefore only with regular length supply, and have the mechanical expansion anchor being attached to one end.This means that anchor cable length cannot customize with the boring at applicable scene.Mine network operator must buy the anchor cable of complete length, and those length when borehole drilling must be applicable to firm mine wall.In addition, as mentioned above, when cementation must be allowed to solidify before erection procedure completes, installation process be burden and consuming time.
Recently, present rock anchor cable is installed by machine.In the installation of this form, first get out boring, and then cementation is pumped in boring, and then drag-line is inserted in boring.Drag-line is stored on the volume casket of install machinery.When drag-line is inserted in boring completely, near the openend of boring cutting drag-line, a small amount of drag-line can be left outside boring, in some installations, leaves about 300mm, for the attachment of rock panel and take-up device.But rock panel and take-up device can not be attached at least 24 hours, to allow cementation to solidify at least partly.
Therefore, the anchor pole that can allow to install different length installed by the machine of anchor cable, but this installation still has same problem as above, and thus once there be cementation partly or entirely to solidify, then the attachment of end fitting and anchor cable just operates as second and occurs.
The object of the invention is to solve or at least alleviate the one or more inferior positions be associated with prior art.
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention, have and a kind of expander mechanism for anchor cable be provided, comprising:
Multiple drag-line holder elements, the plurality of drag-line holder elements is arranged to limit centre bore, and drag-line can be inserted in this centre bore,
Housing, this housing holds holder elements,
Housing and holder elements are in tilt slide and engage, and make holder elements move along the slip of first direction the diameter reducing centre bore relative to housing, and holder elements move along the slip of contrary second direction the diameter increasing centre bore,
Multiple dilator element, the plurality of dilator element arranges the outer surface slip joint be used for against housing, and this slip joint makes housing trend towards dilator element is radially outward shifted along first direction relative to the movement of dilator element,
Housing has front-end and back-end, arranges opening through this rear end, and drag-line can be inserted by this opening, to be inserted in the centre bore of holder elements,
Biasing device, this biasing device acts between housing and dilator element, thus relative to housing along second direction bias voltage dilator element.
Present invention also offers a kind of anchor cable, this anchor cable comprises the drag-line of the elongated flexible with front end and tail end and the expander mechanism of the above-mentioned type, and this expander mechanism is attached to the front end of drag-line.
In some form of the present invention, the present invention can provide a kind of anchor cable, and this anchor cable comprises:
The drag-line of elongated flexible, the drag-line of this elongated flexible has front end and tail end,
Expander mechanism, this expander mechanism is attached to the front end of drag-line, and this expander mechanism comprises:
Multiple drag-line holder elements, the plurality of drag-line holder elements is arranged to limit centre bore, and the front end of drag-line can be inserted in this centre bore,
Housing, this housing holds holder elements,
Housing and holder elements are in tilt slide and engage, holder elements is made to move along the slip of first direction the diameter reducing centre bore relative to housing, to be clamped the front end of drag-line, and holder elements moves along the slip of contrary second direction the diameter increasing centre bore
Multiple dilator element, the plurality of dilator element arranges the external surface slip joint be used for against housing, this slip joint makes housing trend towards making dilator element radially outward off normal, to clamp the facing hole wall surface of boring relative to the movement of dilator element along first direction
Housing has front-end and back-end, arranges opening through this rear end, and drag-line extends through this opening and extends in the centre bore of holder elements,
Biasing device, this biasing device acts between housing and dilator element, thus relative to housing along second direction bias voltage dilator element.
Present invention also offers a kind of method of installing anchor cable, the method comprises:
Boring is got out in crag,
In the following manner by being attached to the front end of drag-line according to the expander mechanism of any one of above-mentioned form, that is, the front end of drag-line be inserted through the opening in the rear portion of housing and be inserted in the centre bore of holder elements,
At least substantially, boring is filled with cement paste, and
Drag-line is fed in boring,
When drag-line arrives the desired locations in holing, pulling force is applied to drag-line, this pulling force trends towards holder elements is shifted along first direction, so that drag-line is clamped, and trend towards housing is shifted along first direction relative to dilator element, to make dilator element radially outward be shifted, engage, the front end of drag-line is anchored in boring with the wall of boring.
The advantage of expander mechanism of the present invention is, this expander mechanism in erecting bed, namely can be connected to one end of anchor cable in mine.Therefore, anchor cable need not be formed or assembling away from scene, and it is possible to get out boring in mine wall, and the drag-line of suitable length can be selected to form rock bolt, and then expander mechanism can be attached to the front end of selected guy cable length.Therefore, the invention provides the flexibility of anchor cable length, this flexibility cannot obtain in the prior art anchor cable of the above-mentioned type.
The machine that the present invention is also highly applicable to anchor cable is installed, and wherein drag-line is stored on volume casket.Advantageously, in the machine of this form is installed, expander mechanism can be formed as non-columnar, first this cylindrical borings allowing drag-line to be installed to wherein is filled cementation, and after this, drag-line can be pushed in boring by cement paste around the flowing of expander mechanism along with cement paste with the expander mechanism of the front end being attached to drag-line.That is, by being formed as the expander mechanism of non-columnar, there is the space that can be used for cement paste and flow around expander mechanism, although make boring be filled with cement paste, expander mechanism still can be pushed in boring.
In addition, installed by machine, can coordinate with rock panel according to anchor cable of the present invention, and after this, be stretched immediately after being inserted into the boring being filled with cement paste.By this installation, do not need the later stage of rock panel independent accessory and the stretching to drag-line, and most significantly, anchor cable can provide required ground supports immediately.Because whole length of drag-line will be attached to facing rock, so once cementation solidification, the support structure provided by anchor cable just will only can strengthen.
When the present invention is applied to the anchor cable installed by machine, reached the desired locations in boring at drag-line after, cutting drag-line, only stay and a small amount of drag-line extended to outside boring, take-up device is attached to this small amount of drag-line.In this arrangement, the length of drag-line is directly related with the degree of depth of boring, and is on-the-spot selection.
Anchor cable according to the present invention is by the installation of machine, and the boring being especially filled with cementation with pre-fill is installed together, and significantly effective installation process and significant cost can be provided to reduce.As long as anchor cable instead of can require to install in the prior art process of the first erection stage then the second draw stage again in single phase process, then these advantages just occur.In addition, the present invention allows the length on-site customization of anchor cable.
According to expander mechanism of the present invention can by as such as by machine install for supplying at the separate unit of mining site place onsite application.Therefore, expander mechanism is not also attached in the form of drag-line wherein, and holder elements can be loosely received in housing, until drag-line is inserted in housing.Holder elements itself can circumferentially be fixed together in such a way, which allows holder elements to slide axially together relative to housing, and displacement separates with the diameter increasing centre bore when moving axially along second direction, and be shifted to reduce the diameter of centre bore together when the direction contrary with first direction moves axially.Elasticity O shape ring can be used in this object, and this O shape ring can be arranged in the circumferential grooves of the external surface being formed in holder elements.
To be loosely received in housing alternative is to provide bias voltage for holder elements, and this bias voltage trends towards holder elements is shifted along first direction, and formed with the inner surface of housing and engage, such as slip joint.This is biased in some form of the present invention and can be provided by the wind spring acted between housing and the facing end of holder elements.Housing can have suitable spring connected structure, such as end wall, or one or more adjacency sections that spring can engage.Spring can axially align with the axis of holder elements.
When drag-line is inserted in housing, it is by engaging the front end of holder elements, to enter into the centre bore limited by this holder elements.Usually, before drag-line is inserted in centre bore, the diameter of centre bore is by little for the diameter than drag-line.Therefore, when drag-line is inserted in housing, the front end trending towards leaning holder elements promotes by the end of drag-line, and then holder elements trends towards moving axially along second direction, to allow holder elements radial direction separately, to increase the diameter of centre bore and to allow drag-line to enter into centre bore.In order to promote that stay cable end enters into centre bore, holder elements can limit the entrance of inclination or chamfered, and when it is inserted in housing, the front end of drag-line can push, to cause holder elements radial direction separately.Therefore, each holder elements can have around the inclination of centre bore or the front end of chamfered or edge, and this also can contribute to guiding stay cable end to enter into centre bore.
In some form of the present invention, the housing of expander mechanism can comprise axial continuation, and this axial continuation extends from the rear end of housing along first direction and comprises the adjacency section away from housing rear end.In these forms of the present invention, the biasing device acted between housing and dilator element can act between the adjacency section of this axial continuation and dilator element pressurized.Biasing device can comprise wind spring.
Axial continuation can be formed as pipe, and this pipe is connected to the rear end of housing and complete around drag-line or partly extend around drag-line.Described axial continuation can be tubulose, but is longitudinally separated into such as multiple extension separated.A pair opposite extension can form described axial continuation, and these parts can be coupled together by the length of one or more ring along described part.Axial continuation can comprise the flange for the formation of adjacency section, and this flange can be formed away from the rear end of housing, and the far-end such as extending axially part is formed.In some form of the present invention, flange can be the flared end of pipe simply.
In above-mentioned form of the present invention, the attachment of drag-line and expander mechanism can be such, that is: by drag-line is inserted through axial continuation and is inserted in housing, and be then inserted in the centre bore of holder elements.Extend axially part by manage or extension is formed when, manage and holder elements should be coaxial when drag-line is inserted into wherein.
Described axial continuation can be formed as the integral part of housing, or its can such as be threaded connection, brazing, brazing connect or be welded to connect and be connected to the part of housing holding holder elements.
Use the biasing device acted between housing and dilator element along second direction bias voltage dilator element, allow dilator element to be shifted relative to before and after housing when expander mechanism is inserted in boring.Needing this to move, with the diameter of diameter change in response to bore diameter change by allowing expander mechanism, thus adapting to the normal variation of the bore diameter occurred when getting out boring.Therefore, when bore diameter reduces, dilator element can overcome bias voltage and move along first direction, to reduce the external diameter of expander mechanism, therefore expander mechanism can move through the cross section of the boring that diameter reduces, and then, once the diameter of bore diameter increases, then expander mechanism just can return along second direction.
This is repeated above-described content.
Expander mechanism according to the present invention can have the dilator element of any amount.In some form of the present invention, on the both sides that the diametric(al) that two dilator element are arranged on expander mechanism is opposite.In other form of the present invention, three or four dilator element can be provided.In most of form of the present invention, dilator element is equidistantly spaced apart about the central axis of mechanism.
Can provide support plate or supporting member, dilator element can abut this gripper shoe or supporting member, to limit dilator element along first direction relative to housing or moving axially away from housing.When gripper shoe or supporting member across drag-line by institute of expander mechanism along path extension, plate or component can comprise opening, and drag-line can be inserted by this opening.Comprise in the form of the present invention of axial continuation at housing, this identical opening can hold axial continuation.
The biasing device acted between housing and dilator element can be made for and act between housing and gripper shoe or supporting member, and comprise in those forms of the present invention of axial continuation at housing, wind spring can be made for act on axial continuation easily between adjacency section or flange and gripper shoe or supporting member.
Housing can be closed at its front end place, to form end wall.Advantageously, by front end place closure casing, the drag-line be inserted in expander mechanism is prevented from extending fully through expander mechanism.By this layout, when drag-line is fed in hole, the end of drag-line bear against the closed front promotion of housing, and therefore expander mechanism is pushed forward in boring by drag-line.By this layout, expander mechanism need not clamp drag-line in addition when it is inserted in boring by drag-line.
The front end of housing can be formed as enclosed construction, or housing can comprise the opening closed by the closure member of such as such as end cap or plug member.When the front end of housing is formed as closed, holder elements can be inserted in housing by the opening of the rear end being disposed through housing.In alternative arrangement, when opening is arranged in the front end of housing, holder elements can be inserted by front end before closing with closure member.According to the structure of housing, other element that can be contained in housing also can be inserted by front end or rear end, and this comprises the biasing device of such as wind spring, and this biasing device acts in above-mentioned housing and holder elements.
Closure member can be fixed on appropriate location in any suitable manner relative to the opening be formed in the front end of housing.Suitable layout comprise be threaded connection, weld, brazing, soldering or crimping fix closure member.Should be appreciated that, tube shell is not formed with closed front end or it is formed with the opening closed by closure member, intention all: once holder elements is placed in housing, then they are received, and prevent from unclamping from housing.By this layout, expander mechanism can be out manufactured and to be positioned in housing in holder elements and to have prepared to deliver to mining site when receiving the end of drag-line.By this layout, miner can only by drag-line being inserted into the end easily expander mechanism being attached to drag-line in housing, and drag-line is inserted in housing and will automatically causes the end of drag-line to enter the centre bore limited by holder elements.This process simply and do not require the employee that is skilled in technique.In addition, do not need instrument and do not need Assembling expander mechanism.Drag-line is pushed in expander mechanism and by expander mechanism and remains on appropriate location until the centre bore that drag-line has entered holder elements is simple thing.
In some form of the present invention, dilator element and housing can axially interlock, and dilator element can be moved axially relative to housing, but substantially stop and move relative to the circumference of housing.Because the drag-line launched from the reel of install machinery slightly rotates once in a while, therefore this interlocking layout can be machine installation and provides special benefit.This rotation can make dilator element be shifted relative to housing, to locate them in the position being unfavorable for proper operation.Therefore, allow to move to axial needed between dilator element and housing but the interlocking between dilator element and housing limit circumference movement can maintain dilator element regardless of any drag-line rotation correctly locates relative to housing.
Although the interlocking between dilator element and housing can adopt any appropriate format, but in some form, axially extended joint tongue and groove arrangement (tongue and groovearrangement) can be provided, one thus in dilator element and housing comprises joint tongue parts or multiple joint tongue parts, and another in dilator element and housing comprises groove or multiple groove.
When expander mechanism of the present invention be used for machine to install, the cross section of expander mechanism can be formed as non-columnar, is pushed to is filled with in the cylindrical borings of cement paste to allow anchor mechanism.Because the boring be drilled in mine wall will be cylindricality, so the space allowed around expander mechanism is used for the cement paste when expander mechanism is pushed in boring by the non-columnar cross section of expander mechanism flow over expander mechanism.Although the non-columnar shape of cross section of expander mechanism can be any suitable shape, but in some form of the present invention, dilator element forms the boring composition surface for the relative convex of a pair diametric(al) on the surface engaging borehole wall, and the sidewall spacers of the expander mechanism extended between boring composition surface opens certain distance, this distance is less than the distance at the interval between boring composition surface.Sidewall can be straight or linear or other shape, all bending in this way.In some form of expander mechanism, the cross section through the expander mechanism of dilator element is oval a little, and wherein bending end is connected by relatively straight side.The change of this vpg connection can adopt, but for maximum cement paste stream, compared with the diameter of boring, the significantly reduction of the cross sectional area of expander mechanism is gratifying.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For a more complete understanding of the present invention, now some embodiments are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the anchor cable according to a kind of form of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the expander mechanism of the anchor cable of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view intercepted along the AA of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the alternative arrangement of the view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view according to alternative expander mechanism of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to Fig. 1 and 2, show expander mechanism 10, and in FIG, mechanism 10 is illustrated the front end being attached to drag-line 11.It is separated that drag-line 11 is shown in Figure 1 at expander mechanism 10 and take-up device 12.The physical length of drag-line 11 can from 2m to 15m, but longer or shorter length is possible.
First with reference to Fig. 2, expander mechanism 10 comprises multiple drag-line holder elements 13, and the plurality of drag-line holder elements 13 can be seen in each sectional view of Fig. 3 and 4.Holder elements 13 is mutually the same, and be formed circle section, and size is configured to make when holder elements 13 clamps the outer surface of drag-line 11 securely, as shown in Figure 1, the clearance G (see Fig. 3) between the edge faced by element 13 retains.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, holder elements 13 limits centre bore 14, and the front end 15 of drag-line 11 can be inserted in this centre bore 14.Fig. 1 shows the front end 15 be inserted in centre bore 14, and Fig. 2 shows the empty centre bore 14 also preparing to receive front end 15.
Holder elements 13 is contained in housing 16.This housing 16 limits conical inner space and therefore has inner surface or the wall 17 of inclination.Surface or the wall 18 of facing (facing) of surface 17 and holder elements 13 complementally tilt.This layout makes it possible to the tilt slide realized between the surface 17 of corresponding housing and the wall 18 of the facing of holder elements and engages, and this layout is such, that is: make holder elements 13 relative to the mobile diameter that reduce centre bore 14 of housing 16 along first direction DF, and holder elements is along the mobile diameter increase allowing centre bore 14 of contrary second direction DS.Holder elements 13 is by wind spring 20 along first direction DF bias voltage, and this wind spring 20 acts between the end 22 of the front bulkhead 21 of housing 16 and facing (facing) of holder elements 13.
Expander mechanism 10 also comprises the multiple dilator element 25-be positioned to against external surface 26 slip joint of housing 16 two dilator element 25 in this example.As attainable tilt slide between holder elements 13 and the inclined surface 17 of housing 16 engages, dilator element 25 has tilted surperficial 27, this tilted surperficial 27 gradient with external surface 26 slip joint be suitable for against housing 16.This layout is such, that is: make housing 16 trend towards dilator element 25 is radially outward shifted along moving axially of first direction DF relative to dilator element 25, and allow dilator element 25 radially-inwardly to move along moving to axial of contrary second direction DS.
Therefore, expander mechanism 10 allows the relative movement between holder elements 13 and housing 16 and between housing 16 and dilator element 25.Herein after a while by for them for anchor cable being installed to the advantage that provides in the boring that gets out in mine wall to describe the setting of the relative motion of these two kinds of forms.
Further describe expander mechanism 10, housing 16 comprises the axial continuation of 30 forms in pipe, and this pipe 30 is threaded connection, brazing connection, brazing or be welded to connect and be connected to the rear end 31 of housing 16.Alternately, pipe 30 can form with housing 16.Pipe 30 is connected to the inner surface of the opening 32 be formed in the rear end 31 of housing 16, and can see that drag-line 11 extends through pipe 30 and opening 32 in FIG.
Should it is easily understood that, although shown in the drawings of pipe 30, but pipe can be different from shown pipe, and such as can comprise the circular strip that is connected to opening 32 for being such as threadably engaged or welding and extend from this circular strip along direction DF and extend to two elongate member of the adjacency section of any appropriate format.Other is arranged is possible and within the scope of the invention.
Pipe 30 is limited to the flange 33 of the far-end of pipe 30 or the end in the rear end 31 away from housing 16 of pipe 30.This flange 33 forms wind spring 34 can act on adjacency section thereon.Wind spring 34 forms a part for biasing device, and this biasing device acts between housing 16 (pipe 30 is parts for this housing 16) and dilator element 25, and this trends towards along second direction DS relative to housing 16 bias voltage dilator element 25.Therefore, as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, wind spring 34 pressurized ground effect.The layout wherein acted on to biasing device tension is also contained in the present invention.
The opposite end of wind spring 34 acts in gripper shoe 35, and this gripper shoe 35 abuts the rear end 36 of dilator element 25.Gripper shoe 35 comprises opening 37, and pipe 30 extends through this opening 37.By being provided in the adjacent contact between gripper shoe 35 and dilator element 25, dilator element 25 can radial outward dilations, that is, dilator element 25 can relative to plate 35 radial displacement.
In fig. 2, the sleeve 38 extended outside dilator element 25 is shown.This sleeve 38 is applied to expander mechanism 10, dilator element 25 to be maintained in the position shown in Fig. 2 after expander mechanism 10 assembles.Sleeve 38 can remove, and expander mechanism 10 to be inserted into the boring in mine wall, or it can decompose as a part for installation process.This sleeve can be rubber, elastoplast, metal tape or other suitable material.
With reference to Fig. 2, can see, when not having drag-line to be inserted in expander mechanism 10, the rear end 31 of holder elements 13 contiguous housing 16 under the impact or load of biasing spring 20 is located.In addition, dilator element 25 only has sub-fraction overlapping at its front end 39 place with the external surface 26 of housing 16.On the contrary, in FIG, the front end 15 of drag-line 11 to be inserted in expander mechanism 10 and the mechanism 10 being attached to drag-line 11 has been inserted in the boring 40 of having crept in mine wall 41.In the layout in figure 1, drag-line clamper 13 is mobile in housing 16 along direction DS.Movement in the direction has increased the diameter of the centre bore 14 of holder elements 13, is contained in this centre bore 14 to allow the front end 15 of drag-line 11.In addition, dilator element 25 is illustrated and is in the position significantly overlapping with the external surface 26 of housing 16 in FIG.
In the position shown in figure 1, drag-line holder elements 13 is formed firmly to clamp with the front end 15 of drag-line 11 and is connected.The surface of the formation centre bore 14 of holder elements 13 is depicted as zigzag at Fig. 1 and 2, and which enhances the clamping force formed between the front end 15 and holder elements 13 of drag-line 11.
Similarly, the external surface 42 of dilator element 25 is jagged, for strengthening the friction grip between element 25 and the facing surface of boring 40.
Now be described in as shown in Figure 2 and as in Fig. 1 the mode that changes between the expander mechanism of installing.
In order to the front end 15 of drag-line 11 is attached to expander mechanism 10, very simple process is necessary, and this process does not require professional tooling technical ability.First it is necessary that be fed in pipe 20 front end 15, front end 15 is made to enter housing 16.When entering, drag-line 11 will engage holder elements 13 foremost, and as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, these ends 43 are chamfered, locate to enter boring 14 relative to holder elements 13 to contribute to front end 15.
Drag-line 11 is fed to further in expander mechanism 10 and the bias voltage impact forcing holder elements 13 to overcome wind spring 20 is shifted along direction DS, and because the front end 15 of drag-line 11 bears against in the chamfered end 43 of holder elements 13, so holder elements 13 will be forced to radially outward, to increase the diameter of centre bore 14.When it moves along direction DS, the sidewall 17 that holder elements 13 can bear against inclination slides.
The diameter of drag-line 11 is enough to make stay cable end 15 enter centre bore 14 to allow the diameter of centre bore 14 increase to by determining, holder elements 13 needs along DS direction shift movement how many.Typical amount of movement will be approximately 5 to 30mm.
Front end 15 will finally enter into centre bore 14, and once it engages front end 21, as shown in Figure 1, then drag-line 11 stops to the further feeding in expander mechanism 10.Now, expander mechanism 10 is connected to front end 15.As will be apparent, this connection procedure has been extremely simple.Expander mechanism 10 is not anchored into front end 15, but is connected to front end.
Now, drag-line 11 can be fed in the boring 40 shown in Fig. 1.Expander mechanism 10 is pushed in boring by the joint of itself and front end 21 by the front end 15 of drag-line 11.When being fed to generation, the external surface 42 of dilator element 25 can bear against the hole wall scraping of boring 40.This scraping movement can make dilator element 25 be shifted along direction DF, but the layout of pipe 30 and wind spring 34 makes dilator element 25 maintain the position overlapping with the external surface 26 of housing 16, still allows expander mechanism 10 to be easily inserted in boring 40 simultaneously.The amount of movement of dilator element 25 depends on that expander mechanism 10 is engaged in the tightness degree in boring 40, or in other words, it depends on the relative size of the external diameter of expander mechanism 10 relative to the diameter of boring 40.
When expander mechanism 10 and drag-line 11 have been pushed to final position, as shown in Figure 1, can be stretched drag-line 11 by take-up device 12, this requirement applies pulling force along direction DF to drag-line 11.This pulling force is applied to the tail end 46 of drag-line 11, and causes holder elements 13 to be shifted along direction DF relative to housing 16, to reduce the diameter of centre bore 14 and therefore to engage front end 15 securely.In addition, this pulling force will trend towards pulling housing 16 along direction DF relative to dilator element 25, expand and clamp this surface with the radial surface making dilator element 25 abut against boring 40.The pulling force applied can in the scope of 10t, and by this pulling force, and each in front end 15 and boring 40 surfaces is firmly clamped, and therefore drag-line 11 is securely anchored the medial extremity place of boring 40.Then, take-up device 12 can be cut off, and this can realize only by " cylinder and the wedge " arrangement comprising cylinder 44 and chock 45, should abut against the tail end that rock panel 47 clamps drag-line 11 by " cylinder and wedge " arrangement, this rock panel 47 is engaged on the openend of boring 40.Once take-up device 12 is cut off, comprise expander mechanism 10, the anchor cable of drag-line 11 and take-up device 12 just provides support structure to mine wall 41 by grappling securely now.
The present invention as shown in drawings is suitable for manual installation or machine is installed.When machine is installed, this process fills boring 40 with cementation before can being included in and installing anchor cable.For this reason, expander mechanism 10 can be formed as having non-circular shape, make when expander mechanism 10 is pushed in the boring being full of cement paste, the gap on the side or either side of mechanism 10 allows cement paste to flow over mechanism 10, thus mechanism 10 can enter boring on demand.With reference to Fig. 3 and 4, the hole wall of boring 40 represents with empty outline line, and Existential Space S on the either side can seeing the mechanism 10 between the boring composition surface 50 of the opposite convex of a pair diametric(al) of dilator element 25.Should be appreciated that, it is completely smooth that sidewall 51 is illustrated, and in fact, not always like this.But sidewall 51 extends to allow to there is space S in boring 40 on the either side of expander mechanism 10 between surface 50.
Fig. 3 and 4 shows the interlock be present between housing 16 and dilator element 25 in addition.This interlock comprises the axially extended joint tongue 52 of housing 16 and the axially extended groove 53 of dilator element 25.If needed, this is interchangeable.
Fig. 4 shows except interlocking layout is different from Fig. 3, the layout roughly the same with shown in Fig. 3.Therefore, Fig. 4 shows the interlocking layout comprising the joint tongue 54 of housing 16 and the groove 55 of dilator element 25.Joint tongue 54 is tilt in the diagram from the surface 56 that it extends, and is straight in figure 3.In other side, between the layout that Fig. 4 and Fig. 3 compares, there is no difference.
Fig. 5 shows the expander mechanism somewhat different than Fig. 2.In Figure 5, identical with Fig. 2 parts have same reference numerals and add 100.Therefore, expander mechanism 100 comprises sleeve 138, dilator element 125, pipe 130 and holder elements 113.
Housing 110 somewhat different than the housing 16 of comparatively early accompanying drawing, and will form theme discussed below.In Figure 5, housing 110 is included in the opening 111 at its front end 112 place, figure 5 illustrates this opening 111 and is closed by closure member 113.This closure member 113 is shown as the appropriate location be fixed on by crimp 114 in opening 111, but closure member 113 can alternatively soldered, brazing, soldering, be threaded or be otherwise fixed in shown position.
The advantage of the layout shown in Fig. 5 is, opening 111 can be utilized holder elements 113 and spring 120 to be inserted in housing 110.Once these parts have been inserted into and other part requirement any insert, then closure member 113 can install and can by crimp or as above other mechanism be fixed on appropriate location.When tensile force be applied to drag-line 11 and dilator element 25 abut against inclined surface 26 radially outward move time, closure member also provides remarkable support to housing 110, subsides to prevent housing 110 radial direction.
Fig. 5 also show in circumferential grooves for holder elements being remained on together the O shape ring 115 in housing 110.Same layout can be applicable to the holder elements 13 of comparatively early accompanying drawing.
The alternative of layout in Fig. 5 is the layout shown in Fig. 2, and the parts thus in housing 16 are inserted by the opening 32 in rear end 31.But as shown in Figure 5, opening 111 can be larger than opening 32, therefore allows parts to be more easily inserted in housing 110.
Invention described herein easily carry out except describe especially those except modification, remodeling and/or supplement, and to should be appreciated that, the present invention includes all these modification fallen in the spirit and scope of the present invention, remodeling and/or supplement.
Run through description and claims of this manual, word " comprises (comprise) " and such as " comprises (comprises) " and the modification of this word of " comprising (comprising) " is not intended to get rid of other additive, parts, multiple or step.
Claims (26)
1., for an expander mechanism for anchor cable, comprising:
Multiple drag-line holder elements, described multiple drag-line holder elements is arranged to limit centre bore, and drag-line can be inserted in described centre bore,
Housing, described housing holds described holder elements,
Described housing and described holder elements have facing inclined surface, engage for tilt slide, make described holder elements relative to the slide axially mobile diameter that reduce described centre bore of described housing along first direction, and described holder elements is along the mobile diameter increasing described centre bore that slides axially of contrary second direction
Multiple dilator element, described multiple dilator element arranges the outer surface slip joint be used for against described housing, described slip joint makes described housing trend towards described dilator element is radially outward shifted along described first direction relative to the movement of described dilator element
Described housing has front-end and back-end, arranges opening through described rear end, and drag-line can be inserted by described opening, to be inserted in the described centre bore of described holder elements,
Biasing device, described biasing device acts between described housing and described dilator element, described biasing device relative to described housing along dilator element described in described second direction bias voltage.
2. expander mechanism according to claim 1, described holder elements relative to the amount of the movement that slides axially of described housing between 5mm to 30mm.
3. expander mechanism according to claim 1 and 2, described holder elements is biased along described first direction.
4. expander mechanism according to claim 3, described holder elements is applied wind spring between described housing and the facing end of described holder elements along described first direction bias voltage.
5. the expander mechanism according to any one in Claims 1-4, described holder elements with allow described holder elements to slide axially together relative to described housing and when moving axially along described second direction displacement separately to increase the diameter of described centre bore, the mode that is shifted the diameter reducing described centre bore when moving axially along described first direction together is circumferentially fixed together.
6. the expander mechanism according to any one in claim 1 to 5, described housing comprises axial continuation, described axial continuation extends from the described rear end of described housing along described first direction, and described axial continuation comprises the adjacency section of the described rear end away from described housing, act between described adjacency section and described dilator element described biasing device pressurized.
7. expander mechanism according to claim 6, described biasing device comprises wind spring.
8. the expander mechanism according to claim 6 or 7, described axial continuation comprises the described rear end being connected to described housing and the pipe extended around described drag-line, described pipe comprises the flange forming described adjacency section, and described flange-shape becomes the described rear end away from described housing.
9. the expander mechanism according to any one in claim 1 to 8, described dilator element links together.
10. the expander mechanism according to any one in claim 1 to 9, described dilator element and gripper shoe contiguous engagement, and described gripper shoe comprises opening, drag-line can be inserted by the opening of described gripper shoe, to be inserted through the described rear end of described housing.
11. expander mechanisms according to claim 9 or 10, described biasing device acts between described housing and described dilator element, thus acts between the connection between described housing and described dilator element.
12. expander mechanisms according to any one in claim 1 to 11, the described front end of described housing is closed.
13. expander mechanisms according to claim 12, the described front end of described housing comprises the opening closed by closure member.
14. expander mechanisms according to claim 13, described closure member is threadingly attached to, is welded to or is crimped onto described opening, with by described closure of openings.
15. expander mechanisms according to any one in claim 1 to 14, the described centre bore of described holder elements has the entrance of chamfered.
16. expander mechanisms according to any one in claim 1 to 15, described holder elements is contained in described housing, to prevent from unclamping from described housing.
17. expander mechanisms according to any one in claim 1 to 16, the axially interlocking of described dilator element and described housing, described dilator element can be moved axially relative to described housing, but substantially stop described dilator element mobile relative to described housing circumference.
18. expander mechanisms according to claim 17, interlocking comprises axially extended joint tongue and groove arrangement.
19. expander mechanisms according to any one in claim 1 to 18, the cross section of described expander mechanism is non-columnar.
20. expander mechanisms according to claim 19, the boring composition surface that described dilator element forms the opposite convex of a pair diametric(al) and the pair of sidewalls extended between described boring composition surface, described boring composition surface is for engaging the surface of the hole wall of boring, and the distance between described boring composition surface is larger than distance between the side walls.
21. 1 kinds of anchor cables, comprising: the drag-line with the elongated flexible of front end and tail end; With the expander mechanism according to any one in claim 1 to 20, described expander mechanism is attached to the described front end of described drag-line.
22. 1 kinds of anchor cables, comprising:
The drag-line of elongated flexible, the drag-line of described elongated flexible has front end and tail end,
Expander mechanism, described expander mechanism is attached to the described front end of described drag-line, and described expander mechanism comprises:
Multiple drag-line holder elements, described multiple drag-line holder elements is arranged to limit centre bore, and the described front end of described drag-line extends in described centre bore,
Housing, described housing holds described holder elements,
Described housing and described holder elements have facing inclined surface, engage for tilt slide, make described holder elements relative to the slide axially mobile diameter that reduce described centre bore of described housing along first direction, with the described front end clamping by described drag-line, and described holder elements is along the mobile diameter increasing described centre bore that slides axially of contrary second direction
Multiple dilator element, described multiple dilator element arranges the outer surface slip joint be used for against described housing, described slip joint makes described housing trend towards described dilator element is radially outward shifted along described first direction relative to the movement of described dilator element, to clamp the facing hole wall surface of boring
Described housing has front-end and back-end, arranges opening through described rear end, and described drag-line extends through described opening and extends in the described centre bore of described holder elements,
Biasing device, described biasing device acts between described housing and described dilator element, described biasing device relative to described housing along dilator element described in described second direction bias voltage.
23. 1 kinds of methods of installing anchor cable, comprising:
Boring is got out in crag,
In the following manner the expander mechanism according to any one in claim 1 to 20 is attached to the front end of drag-line, namely, by the opening in the rear portion of described housing described front end inserted and described front end is inserted in the described centre bore of described holder elements
At least roughly fill described boring with cement paste, and described drag-line be fed in described boring,
When described drag-line arrives the desired locations in described boring, pulling force is applied to described drag-line, described pulling force trends towards described holder elements is shifted along described first direction, so that described drag-line is clamped, and trend towards described housing is shifted along described first direction relative to described dilator element, to make described dilator element radially outward be shifted, engage with the hole wall of described boring, the front end of described drag-line is anchored in described boring.
24. methods according to claim 23, described method comprises: when described drag-line arrives the desired locations in described boring, cut described drag-line from the drag-line of length.
25. methods according to claim 24, the drag-line of described length is drag-line volume.
26. methods according to any one in claim 23 to 25, the length of drag-line is determined by the degree of depth of described boring.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2012902554A AU2012902554A0 (en) | 2012-06-18 | An anchor mechanism and a cable rock bolt | |
| AU2012902554 | 2012-06-18 | ||
| PCT/EP2013/062060 WO2013189785A2 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-06-11 | An anchor mechanism and a cable rock bolt |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104379871A true CN104379871A (en) | 2015-02-25 |
| CN104379871B CN104379871B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
Family
ID=48699000
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380032204.7A Active CN104379871B (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-06-11 | Anchor mechanism and rock anchor cable |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2861826B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104379871B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2013203198B2 (en) |
| CL (1) | CL2014003409A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX348788B (en) |
| PE (1) | PE20150219A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013189785A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108225253A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-29 | 天津优贝斯特科技有限公司 | A kind of discontinuous hole twist measuring instrument |
| WO2023061044A1 (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-04-20 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Expansion shell yielding anchor cable and construction method thereof |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3673151B1 (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2023-06-07 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Rock bolt with meshing adapter |
| AU2018373535B2 (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2023-11-30 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | Rock bolt with meshing adapter |
| AU2020318663A1 (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2022-02-17 | Garock Pty Ltd | Rock bolt |
| EP4257796A1 (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2023-10-11 | Sandvik Mining and Construction Australia (Production/Supply) Pty Ltd | A rock bolt installation |
| WO2023203511A1 (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-10-26 | Fabchem Mining (PTY) Limited | Energy absorbing, yielding rock anchor |
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2013
- 2013-04-09 AU AU2013203198A patent/AU2013203198B2/en active Active
- 2013-06-11 CN CN201380032204.7A patent/CN104379871B/en active Active
- 2013-06-11 EP EP13731305.2A patent/EP2861826B1/en active Active
- 2013-06-11 WO PCT/EP2013/062060 patent/WO2013189785A2/en active Application Filing
- 2013-06-11 MX MX2014014854A patent/MX348788B/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-06-11 PE PE2014002453A patent/PE20150219A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2014-12-16 CL CL2014003409A patent/CL2014003409A1/en unknown
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| FR1293618A (en) * | 1961-04-06 | 1962-05-18 | Improvements made to so-called "support bolts" devices, especially for mine roofs | |
| FR86553E (en) * | 1964-04-07 | 1966-03-04 | Expansion anchor bolt, more particularly intended for the suspended support of mine roofs | |
| US4160615A (en) * | 1978-03-23 | 1979-07-10 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Cable rock anchor |
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| CN108225253A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-29 | 天津优贝斯特科技有限公司 | A kind of discontinuous hole twist measuring instrument |
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| WO2023061044A1 (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-04-20 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Expansion shell yielding anchor cable and construction method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2013189785A2 (en) | 2013-12-27 |
| MX348788B (en) | 2017-06-29 |
| MX2014014854A (en) | 2015-03-05 |
| EP2861826A2 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
| AU2013203198A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
| CN104379871B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
| WO2013189785A3 (en) | 2014-05-30 |
| AU2013203198B2 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
| PE20150219A1 (en) | 2015-02-06 |
| CL2014003409A1 (en) | 2015-06-12 |
| EP2861826B1 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
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