CN104379772B - Method of refining and molten steel manufacture method - Google Patents

Method of refining and molten steel manufacture method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104379772B
CN104379772B CN201280073989.8A CN201280073989A CN104379772B CN 104379772 B CN104379772 B CN 104379772B CN 201280073989 A CN201280073989 A CN 201280073989A CN 104379772 B CN104379772 B CN 104379772B
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China
Prior art keywords
molten iron
dephosphorising agent
refining
cao
dephosphorization
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CN201280073989.8A
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CN104379772A (en
Inventor
林龙也
田中芳幸
田中孝宪
大岛健二
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JFE Engineering Corp
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NKK Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/36Processes yielding slags of special composition
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/02Dephosphorising or desulfurising
    • C21C1/025Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)

Abstract

It is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of in converter refining even if without injection Dephosphorising agent equipment, also can efficiently carry out converter operation method of refining and molten steel manufacture method.In the method for refining, dephosphorization refining or the dephosphorization Decarburising and refining of molten iron are carried out in the case where spraying Dephosphorising agent not into molten iron, and by after at least the Dephosphorising agent containing powder is fitted into reaction vessel, loads molten iron into above-mentioned reaction vessel, is refined.

Description

Method of refining and molten steel manufacture method
Technical field
The present invention relates to by converter, dephosphorisation reaction is carried out in the case where not being blown into Dephosphorising agent into molten metal Or dephosphorization decarburizing reaction come carry out dephosphorization refining or dephosphorization Decarburising and refining molten iron method of refining and using the method for refining steel Water manufacture method.
Background technology
In the method for being to carry out in converter the dephosphorization or dephosphorization Decarburising and refining of molten iron, for example, consider will be containing CaO it is de- In the case that phosphorus agent is as Dephosphorising agent, the dephosphorisation reaction carried out in converter using calcium oxide is represented by following formula (1).
3(CaO)+5(FeO)+2[P]
=(3CaOP2O5)+5[Fe]…(1)
Here,
():Slag composition
[]:Composition in molten metal
In this case, usual way is to put into block Dephosphorising agent CaO in converter.Now, it is de- in order to improve Phosphorus reaction efficiency, it is desirable to which CaO is melted and maintained the FeO levels needed for de- P.In addition, CaO fusing point is about 2570 DEG C, rush is used as Enter the additive of melting, what is used always for example has fluorite (CaF2) etc. halogen based compound, alkali based compound.But, These compounds have chemism, there is restriction in clinker recycling.In addition, such as fluorite is due to the fluorine contained by it, place Reason becomes difficult, causes dephosphorization treatment cost to increase.
As its solution, for example just like as described in patent document 1~3, make to turn into as the CaO of Dephosphorising agent Powdery (powder), the method being ejected into from top-blown spray gun in molten metal.
Patent document:
Patent document 1:Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 8-311523 publications
Patent document 2:Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2007-224388 publications
Patent document 3:Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2010-95786 publications
The content of the invention
Method in using the molten iron (molten metal) that powdery CaO (Dephosphorising agent) is ejected into converter type reaction vessel In the case of use equipment, it is necessary to spray.
In addition, in injection, having the problem of being restricted in CaO granularity, jet velocity.If for example, injection speed Spend slowly, lime powder blocks pipe arrangement, molten steel decarburization is bad, dephosphorization is bad etc. can be caused.On the other hand, if jet velocity mistake It hurry up, then have calcium oxide and disperse to outside converter, cause the anxiety of dust problem.Accordingly, it would be desirable to be obtained according to conditions such as refining equipments The granularity of used lime powder and the most suitable scope as relation between the speed of the injection oxygen of carrier gas, and control at this Most suitable scope.But, these restrictions, problem are solved, it is necessary to huge investment.
As the improvement of the dephosphorization method using injection, also have with spray and with, the material containing CaO is thrown into (dress in advance Enter) method (reference can be made to patent document 2,3) in the converter before molten iron is fitted into.But, even if in this case, also must CaO must be added by top blast.
In addition, in the past, in the case where adding CaO without top blast, including throwing method into advance, the suitable of CaO adds Plus condition and indefinite, it is considered as needing to develop effective dephosphorization method.
Here, CaO is being added come in the case of implementing refining, usual way is being loaded in converter without top blast Bulk CaO is put on molten iron (molten metal).Input bulk CaO is the powdery because of in the case where having put into powdery CaO CaO can be floated in molten iron (molten metal), the event of CaO and molten iron undercompounding.So, the situation of Dephosphorising agent is not being sprayed Under, using with sieve etc. remove powdery Dephosphorising agent after block Dephosphorising agent.Moreover, in the past, the suitable of powdery CaO is not established Application method.
Generally, block CaO is size-reduced, screening process, is modulated into the bulk of designated size scope.In the life of the block CaO In production process can pair bear powdery CaO, but the equipment without CaO top blast equipment can also be present can not effectively utilize powdery CaO The problem of as Dephosphorising agent.
Currently invention addresses above mentioned problem, even if its object is to provide a kind of be used in converter refining without injection The manufacture method of the equipment of Dephosphorising agent, the method for refining that also can efficiently carry out converter operation and molten steel.
As the means solved the above problems, the present invention provides following scheme:
(1) molten iron method of refining, it is made up of following process:1st Dephosphorising agent of the powder containing below particle diameter 1mm is filled Enter the process in reaction vessel;The process for loading molten iron in the reaction vessel of the Dephosphorising agent to being incorporated with;Loading the iron The process that the 2nd Dephosphorising agent is fitted into molten iron after water;Dephosphorization or de- is carried out in the case where spraying Dephosphorising agent not into molten iron The process of phosphorus decarburization.
(2) molten iron method of refining, it is made up of following process:The 1st of powder by scrap iron and containing below particle diameter 1mm takes off The process that phosphorus agent is fitted into reaction vessel;The process for loading molten iron in the reaction vessel of the Dephosphorising agent to being incorporated with;Loading The process that the 2nd Dephosphorising agent is fitted into molten iron after the molten iron;Taken off in the case where spraying Dephosphorising agent not into molten iron Phosphorus or the process of dephosphorization decarburization.
(3) the molten iron method of refining according to (1), it is characterised in that the 1st Dephosphorising agent loaded in the reaction vessel In, its more than 90 mass % has below 5mm particle diameter.
(4) the molten iron method of refining according to (2), it is characterised in that the 1st Dephosphorising agent loaded in the reaction vessel In, its more than 90 mass % has below 5mm particle diameter.
(5) the molten iron method of refining according to (1)~(4), it is characterised in that relative to the 1st and the 2nd Dephosphorising agent It is total, the ratio of the 1st Dephosphorising agent is 10~40 mass %.
(6) the molten iron method of refining according to (1)~(4), it is characterised in that the 1st Dephosphorising agent contains CaO.
(7) the molten iron method of refining according to (5), it is characterised in that the 1st Dephosphorising agent contains CaO.
(8) molten steel manufacture method, it is made up of following process:1st Dephosphorising agent of the powder containing below particle diameter 1mm is filled Enter the process in reaction vessel;The process for loading molten iron in the reaction vessel of the Dephosphorising agent to being incorporated with;Loading the iron The process that the 2nd Dephosphorising agent is fitted into molten iron after water;Dephosphorization or de- is carried out in the case where spraying Dephosphorising agent not into molten iron Phosphorus decarburization, the process for manufacturing molten steel.
(9) molten steel manufacture method, it is made up of following process:The 1st of powder by scrap iron and containing below particle diameter 1mm takes off The process that phosphorus agent is fitted into reaction vessel;The process for loading molten iron in the reaction vessel of the Dephosphorising agent to being incorporated with;Loading The process that the 2nd Dephosphorising agent is fitted into molten iron after the molten iron;Taken off in the case where spraying Dephosphorising agent not into molten iron Phosphorus or dephosphorization decarburization, the process for manufacturing molten steel.
(10) according to the molten steel manufacture method described in (8), it is characterised in that in the 1st Dephosphorising agent, its 90 mass % with The upper particle diameter with below 5mm.
(11) according to the molten steel manufacture method described in (9), it is characterised in that in the 1st Dephosphorising agent, its 90 mass % with The upper particle diameter with below 5mm.
(12) the molten steel manufacture method according to (8)~(11), it is characterised in that relative to the 1st and the 2nd dephosphorization Agent it is total, the ratio of the 1st Dephosphorising agent is 10~40 mass %.
(13) molten steel refining method according to (8)~(11), it is characterised in that the 1st Dephosphorising agent contains CaO.
(14) the molten steel manufacture method according to (12), it is characterised in that the 1st Dephosphorising agent contains CaO.
According to the present invention, in converter refining, even if without Dephosphorising agent spraying equipment, can also effectively utilize powdery and take off Phosphorus agent is refined as Dephosphorising agent.
Moreover, according to the present invention, for example, in converter refining, being put into addition by using into converter type reaction vessel Method, even if not from top-blown spray gun implement spray, can also use lime powder (powdery Dephosphorising agent).In addition, according to this The method of invention, even if without the equipment investment for top blast equipment, even if or without using halogen based compound, alkali system Compound, can also improve and use conventional calcium oxide block as efficiency during Dephosphorising agent.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the explanation figure (embodiment 1) for the relation for showing dephosphorization amount and CaO unit consumption.
Fig. 2 is the explanation figure (embodiment 3) for showing the relation that dephosphorization amount and powdery CaO are thrown between ratio in advance.
Embodiment
Below, embodiments of the present invention are illustrated referring to the drawings.
(on method of refining)
In the method for refining of present embodiment, before molten iron is encased in converter type reaction vessel, to the reaction The Dephosphorising agent of (loading) containing powder is put into container.Then, molten iron is loaded into reaction vessel, starts refining.In loading State after molten iron and before refining starts or in refining, also suitable Dephosphorising agent is put into molten metal and implements to refine.
In addition, in the case where being mixed into scrap iron implementation refining into molten iron, first, being put into converter type reaction vessel useless Iron, afterwards, at least Dephosphorising agent containing powder is put into the reaction vessel.Then, molten iron is loaded into reaction vessel, is started Refining.Suitable Dephosphorising agent is put into before being fitted into after above-mentioned molten iron and starting in refining or also in refining implement refining.
In addition, in the scrap iron and Dephosphorising agent that load in advance before loading molten iron, dephosphorization can be also put into before scrap iron Agent.But, in the case where being initially charged with scrap iron, contact of the Dephosphorising agent with molten iron easily improves, thus, better than load Dephosphorising agent it After be reloaded into scrap iron.
Generally, block CaO is size-reduced, screening process and the bulk for being modulated into designated size scope.In the life of the block CaO Produce in process, meeting pair bears powdery CaO.Powdery (powder) CaO that the pair is born energetically is used as filling before molten iron is loaded The Dephosphorising agent entered.Powder in this specification refers to below particle diameter 1mm.
Here, as the total amount of the Dephosphorising agent used in refining, according to the assay value of the molten iron refined (using useless In the case of iron for molten iron and scrap iron assay value) and refining after target P concentration determine to take off P aequums.And determined by this De- P aequums determine the amount of Dephosphorising agent that should be put into whole refining treatment.In addition, also can be by conventional actual use The relation of dephosphorization dosage and dephosphorization amount seeks the Dephosphorising agent usage amount calculated in whole refining.
Moreover, in the amount of the Dephosphorising agent that should be put into whole refining treatment determined above, by more than 10 mass % Dephosphorising agent (containing powder) be set as the Dephosphorising agent that puts into before input molten iron.In addition, put into before input molten iron Dephosphorising agent is also referred to as prior Dephosphorising agent.
Remaining Dephosphorising agent is put into above-mentioned reaction vessel being fitted into after molten iron.Then, oxygen is blown into, starts blowing.Separately Outside, it can be Ar, N to be blown into gas2, CO or their mixture.In remaining Dephosphorising agent, such as 5~30mm of particle diameter or 5 is used ~50mm bulk.A part for the block Dephosphorising agent can be put into blowing.
As above-mentioned Dephosphorising agent, the Dephosphorising agent containing CaO, the Dephosphorising agent being more preferably substantially made up of CaO can be used.
In addition, before molten iron is loaded the Dephosphorising agent that loads in advance account for as described above, preferably 10 mass % of total amount with On.If in below 10 mass %, effect is small.In addition, if the amount of the Dephosphorising agent loaded in advance is excessive, having can not with molten iron It is thoroughly mixed, powder floats or dispersed the anxiety increased, thus to be advisable in below 40 mass %.More preferably with the 15 of effect stability ~35 mass % are advisable.
As the granularity of the Dephosphorising agent loaded in advance, consider from concise angle, it is more thin better.But, if meticulous, not only Crushing cost can be increased, and also there is dust problem in operation, therefore, there is no need to make meticulous.On the other hand, if Coarse size, then not only the melting of Dephosphorising agent is slow, disperse also to be deteriorated, and easily clinker foaming occurs in refining.According to the above In situation, the Dephosphorising agent being fitted into advance, preferable particle size accounts for more than 90 mass % in below 5mm Dephosphorising agent.Particle diameter is in below 5mm Dephosphorising agent mean substantially to include powder Dephosphorising agent.
(effect of present embodiment)
Below, the mechanism that method of refining in present embodiment shows effect is illustrated.
As the CaO of powdery Dephosphorising agent, compared with block CaO, it can well be mixed with molten iron, thus dephosphorization effect Greatly.But, in the case of without CaO spraying equipments, if simply putting into powdery CaO in molten iron, powdery CaO can float, Not only CaO can not well be mixed with molten iron, is difficult to promote reaction, and can be occurred dust and dispersed the environmental degradation caused.
On the other hand, the inventors have found that, can if powdery CaO is fitted into converter in advance, molten iron is added thereto again Effectively show the mixed effect with molten iron.Based on above-mentioned discovery, in the present invention, contained by being put into before molten iron is loaded There is the Dephosphorising agent of powder, be blown into even if not implementing CaO, can also improve dephosphorization effect.
Here, by loading powdery CaO in advance, mixing when loading molten iron afterwards is strengthened, and above-mentioned dephosphorization is anti- The reaction speed answered is improved, and absorption of the clinker to P (phosphorus) also accelerates.As a result, it is believed that can reduce makes in refining Total CaO consumption figures.
In addition, in the case where using the dephosphorization input method different from the method for the present invention, i.e. be blown into CaO Equipment, also by be blown into input Dephosphorising agent in the case of, powdery CaO is primarily used in being blown into.Therefore, even in and with to turn In the case of the method for loading CaO in stove in advance, the condition for the CaO being initially charged with to important affair is nor clearly.
On the other hand, in the present invention, it specify that the CaO's that important affair is initially charged with conditions of being blown into without CaO is suitable Suitable condition, it is thus possible to obtain effect as described above.
In addition, do not implementing in the case that Dephosphorising agent is blown into, also with can be energetically using avoiding being used as dephosphorization in the past The effect for the powder CaO that agent is used.
Embodiment 1
Will be prior in 1~4 ton of the CaO of below the 5mm mass % of CaO (CaO containing powder) 98 granularity with particle diameter It is fitted into 330 tons of converters, then, by molten iron (composition C:3.8~4.4 mass %, Si:0.05~0.40 mass %, P:0.09~ 0.12 mass %) 330 tons be fitted into above-mentioned converter.
Afterwards, by 5~50mm block CaO:On 3~5 tons of input molten iron, then by auxiliary material (light dolomite:1.5 Ton) put on molten iron, in 45~60Nm of top blast oxygen flow3/ t, 5~8Nm of bottom blowing oxygen flow3Implement blowing under conditions of/t.This Outside, in blowing, by 5~50mm CaO:On 3~8 tons of input molten iron, blow 18~25 minutes, tapping.It is total relative to now CaO amounts, the CaO containing powder loaded in advance mass ratio (powdery CaO throws ratio into advance) is 5~23 mass %, essence The assay value for refining the steel after terminating is C:Mass %, P of 0.025~0.045 mass %, Si < 0.01:0.013~0.025 matter Measure %.
The relation of the total CaO amounts and dephosphorization amount (Δ P=molten iron P concentration-tapping P concentration) that are used in being refined more than Shown in Fig. 1 with solid line (●).
(comparative example 1-1)
Then, CaO is not loaded in advance, by the CaO of whole amount (particle diameter is 5~50mm all block Dephosphorising agents) by iron Water is put into wherein after being fitted into converter.Refining operation is identical with above-described embodiment 1.
The relation of the total CaO amounts now used in refining and dephosphorization amount (Δ P=molten iron P- tappings P) is used in Fig. 1 Dotted line (◇) is shown.
(comparative example 1-2)
Except replacing the particle diameter in embodiment 1 to be thrown in advance before input molten iron in below the 5mm CaO containing powder Beyond all block CaO blocks for entering 5~50mm, operation similarly to Example 1 is carried out.
Its result is shown with chain-dotted line (▲) in Fig. 1.
Understand, compared with comparative example 1-1 and comparative example 1-2, relative to same CaO usage amounts, implement as shown in Figure 1 The dephosphorization amount of the method for refining of example 1 is high.
Embodiment 2
Below, it is 95 mass %'s by below particle diameter 5mm ratio after in by scrap iron 50 tons of loadings, 330 tons of converters The CaO of granularity:2 tons are fitted into above-mentioned converter, then, and by molten iron, 280 tons are fitted into above-mentioned converter.Molten iron now and scrap iron Total composition is C:3.6 mass %, Si:0.08 mass %, P:0.10 mass %.
Afterwards, by 5~50mm block CaO:5 tons are put on molten iron, then by auxiliary material (species:Light dolomite; 2 tons) put on molten iron, in top blast oxygen flow 53Nm3/ t, bottom blowing oxygen flow 6Nm3Implement blowing under conditions of/t.Again in blowing By 5~50mm CaO:On 6 tons of input molten iron, blow 22 minutes, tapping.
The assay value for refining the steel after terminating is C:Mass %, P of 0.035 mass %, Si < 0.01:0.015 mass %, takes off Phosphorus amount is 0.085 mass %.
(comparative example 2-1)
Below, CaO is not loaded in advance, makes total CaO amounts in the same manner as in Example 2, by the CaO (5~50mm of particle diameter) of whole amount It is added to wherein after scrap iron and molten iron are fitted into converter.Refining operation is identical with above-described embodiment 2.
In this case, dephosphorization amount is 0.071 mass %, and compared with Example 2, dephosphorization amount is small.
(comparative example 2-2)
Except replace embodiment 2 in below particle diameter 5mm CaO powder and input molten iron before in advance input 5~ Beyond 50mm CaO blocks, operate with above-described embodiment 2-1 identicals.
In this case, dephosphorization amount is 0.077 mass %, and dephosphorization amount is in comparative example 2 and the centre of embodiment 2.
Embodiment 3
With in the operation of the identical of above-described embodiment 1, trying to obtain dephosphorization amount during the prior input amount for making CaO change. Result now is shown in Fig. 2.
As shown in Figure 2, when CaO is more than 10%, the increase of dephosphorization amount.
Embodiment 4
With in the operation of the identical of above-described embodiment 1, top blast oxygen flow is being reduced into 22Nm3/ t, duration of blast are 10 points Clock simultaneously suppresses to carry out dephosphorization under conditions of decarburization.Liquid steel temperature is 1400 DEG C, low by about 250 during than common dephosphorization Decarburization Operation DEG C, the composition for refining the steel after terminating is C:2~4 mass %, P:0.01~0.04 mass %.Dephosphorization amount now with same Operation under the refining do not thrown into advance in the case of the CaO containing powder terminate after dephosphorization amount compare, improve about 0.01 Quality %.
The present invention can be improved in the case where not needing special and huge equipment investment in molten metal blowing Dephosphorisation reaction efficiency, it is thus possible in the converter without powder jetting equipment.

Claims (11)

1. molten iron method of refining, is made up of following process:1st Dephosphorising agent of the powder containing below particle diameter 1mm is loaded into reaction Process in container,
To be incorporated with the reaction vessel of the Dephosphorising agent load molten iron process,
5~50mm of particle diameter the 2nd block Dephosphorising agent is fitted into molten iron after the molten iron is fitted into process,
Not into molten iron spray Dephosphorising agent in the case of one side oxygen blast on one side progress dephosphorization or dephosphorization decarburization process,
Also, the reaction vessel is converter type reaction vessel.
2. molten iron method of refining, is made up of following process:The 1st Dephosphorising agent dress of powder by scrap iron and containing below particle diameter 1mm Enter process in reaction vessel,
To be incorporated with the reaction vessel of the Dephosphorising agent load molten iron process,
5~50mm of particle diameter the 2nd block Dephosphorising agent is fitted into molten iron after the molten iron is fitted into process,
Not into molten iron spray Dephosphorising agent in the case of one side oxygen blast on one side progress dephosphorization or dephosphorization decarburization process,
Also, the reaction vessel is converter type reaction vessel.
3. molten iron method of refining according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 1st dephosphorization loaded in the reaction vessel In agent, its more than 90 mass % has below 5mm particle diameter.
4. molten iron method of refining according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the 1st dephosphorization loaded in the reaction vessel In agent, its more than 90 mass % has below 5mm particle diameter.
5. the molten iron method of refining according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that the carry out dephosphorization or The process of dephosphorization decarburization is the process for carrying out dephosphorization decarburization.
6. the molten iron method of refining according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that relative to the 1st He 2nd Dephosphorising agent it is total, the ratio of the 1st Dephosphorising agent is 10~40 mass %.
7. molten iron method of refining according to claim 5, it is characterised in that relative to the conjunction of the 1st and the 2nd Dephosphorising agent Meter, the ratio of the 1st Dephosphorising agent is 10~40 mass %.
8. the molten iron method of refining according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that the 1st Dephosphorising agent contains There is CaO.
9. molten iron method of refining according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the 1st Dephosphorising agent contains CaO.
10. molten iron method of refining according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the 1st Dephosphorising agent contains CaO.
11. molten iron method of refining according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the 1st Dephosphorising agent contains CaO.
CN201280073989.8A 2012-06-18 2012-06-18 Method of refining and molten steel manufacture method Expired - Fee Related CN104379772B (en)

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