CN104377917B - Radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of automobile motors, discloses a radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider and aims to solve the problems of large size, complex structure, high cost, performance limitation and failure in effective power output of a system due to the fact that engines in existing series, parallel and series-parallel driving devices cannot simply and efficiently match with other parts of the system. A radial birotor motor and an axial torque adjustment motor are parallelly arranged in a shell of a motor. A flux adjustment rotor with q projection units in the radial birotor motor is driven by a prime motor, stators form a field with the pole number of 2p, and the required rotation speed is outputted by an output shaft of a permanent magnetic rotor with the pole number of 2n, wherein p is equal to |hn+kq|. The output rotation speed is independent from the input rotation speed to realize stepless speed change. The axial torque adjustment motor inputs driving torques or braking torques according to actual load demands to meet actual torque requirements of loads so as to balance input energy and output energy of output shafts of permanent magnetic rotors.

Description

Radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider

Technical field

The present invention relates to the power divider that a kind of composite structure motor is constituted, belong to electric motor of automobile field.

Background technology

The fuel consumption of traditional combustion engine automobile and pollution emission are the hot issues of worldwide attention.Using electronic vapour Car can achieve low energy consumption, low emission, but its energy density of battery due to one of the critical component as electric automobile, the life-span, The problem of the aspects such as price is so that the cost performance of electric automobile cannot be contended with traditional internal-combustion engines vehicle, in this situation Under, merge internal-combustion engines vehicle and the mixed power electric car of electric automobile advantage quickly grows, become new automobile exploitation Focus.

The feature of existing tandem drive is: electromotor can be made not affected by automobile running working condition, all the time at it Optimal working area stable operation, and can be selected for lower-powered electromotor, but need the sufficiently large electromotor of power and electronic Machine, the output of electromotor need to be completely converted into electric energy and be changed into driving the mechanical energy of automobile, due to energy converting between mechanical and battery again Discharge and recharge less efficient so that the utilization rate of fuel oil energy is than relatively low；Parallel driving means capacity usage ratio is of a relatively high, But engine operating condition will be affected by automobile running working condition, therefore it is unsuitable for change frequently driving cycle, compared to tandem Structure, needs complex speed change gear and Power compound device and drive mechanism；Series parallel type driving means have merged string Connection formula and parallel advantage, because the energy Flow of whole drive system is more flexible, therefore electromotor, electromotor, electronic The parts such as machine can be optimized further, so that whole system is in hgher efficiency.But there is still a need for complex speed change Device and Power compound device and drive mechanism.

In above-mentioned driving means, there is a problem of that electromotor and system miscellaneous part are unable to cooperation, make be entirely System there is a problem of volume heaviness, complex structure, power consumption greatly, exhaust emissions amount big, and can not effectively output power.

Content of the invention

The invention aims to solve existing tandem, in parallel and series parallel type driving means electromotor and system its He can not simply efficiently coordinate part, so that there is volume heaviness, complex structure, high expensive, limited performance in whole system, And the problem that can not effectively output power, there is provided a kind of radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider.

Radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider of the present invention, is set side by side with radially in housing Double-rotor machine and axial torque adjust motor, and described radial direction double-rotor machine includes the first stator, the first p-m rotor, adjustable magnetic Rotor, adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle and p-m rotor output shaft, described axial torque adjusts motor and includes the second stator and second forever Magnet rotor, p-m rotor output shaft adjusts the armature spindle of motor simultaneously as axial torque,

The second stator that axial torque adjusts motor is fixed on the end cap inwall of housing, and the second p-m rotor is fixed on forever On magnet rotor output shaft, between the second stator and the second p-m rotor, there is axial air-gap l3；

First stator of radial direction double-rotor machine is fixed on the internal circular surfaces of housing, the first stator interior ecto-entad according to Secondary it is provided with the first p-m rotor and adjustable magnetic rotor；Adjustable magnetic rotor is fixed in adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle, adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle One end pass through second bearing and fourth bearing and be connected with the first p-m rotor rotation, the other end of adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle is from shell One end cap of body stretches out, and is connected with housing into rotation by clutch shaft bearing；First p-m rotor is located at the first stator and adjustable magnetic Between rotor, one end of p-m rotor output shaft is fixed on the first p-m rotor, and the other end of p-m rotor output shaft is from shell Another end cap of body stretches out, and is connected with housing into rotation by 3rd bearing；

There is radial air gap l1 between first p-m rotor and the first stator；Deposit between first p-m rotor and adjustable magnetic rotor In radial air gap l2；Adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle and the dead in line of p-m rotor output shaft；

First stator is made up of the first stator core and m phase first stator winding, and the first stator winding is connected with the symmetrical friendship of m During stream electric current, form the rotating excitation field of 2p number of poles, m, p are positive integer；

First p-m rotor is the rotor of n for number of pole-pairs, and n is positive integer；

Adjustable magnetic rotor is made up of adjustable magnetic rotor core and q protrusion unit, and q protrusion unit is distributed uniformly and circumferentially Arrangement, q is positive integer；

And meet the establishment of p=| hn+kq | relational expression, wherein, h is positive odd number, and k is integer.

Advantages of the present invention: radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider of the present invention is composite construction Motor, there are two rotating shafts, the rotating speed of this two rotating shafts is independent of one another and rotating speed is adjustable, the torque of two rotating shafts output is each other Independence and torque is adjustable, so can make a rotating shaft realize the little torque of high speed and run, low speed high torque is realized in another rotating shaft Run.

The present invention, when being used in combination with internal combustion engine, can make internal combustion engine not rely on road conditions, operate in peak efficiency all the time Area, thus reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, realizes energy-saving；It also can replace change speed gear box in automobile, clutch simultaneously The part such as device and flywheel, makes vehicle structure simplify, cost reduces.It can drive control by the speed that electronic device realizes automobile System, wide scope smoothly adjustable-speed；Also have simultaneously do not need that the chiller of complexity, structure be simple, small volume, with low cost excellent Point.It also can be applicable in the commercial plant that two mechanical rotating shafts of different rotating speeds work simultaneously.

The invention belongs to brushless structure, overcome brush composite structure motor because leading to using electric brush slip ring feed structure Operational efficiency decline, reliability reduce and be frequently necessary to the problems such as parts such as brush are safeguarded.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider described in embodiment two；

Fig. 2 is the a-a sectional view of Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider described in embodiment three；

Fig. 4 is the d-d sectional view of Fig. 3；

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider described in embodiment four；

Fig. 6 is the e-e sectional view of Fig. 5；

Fig. 7 is the b-b sectional view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 or Fig. 5；

Fig. 8 is the c-c sectional view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 or Fig. 5；

Fig. 9 is the principle explanatory diagram of embodiment two；

Figure 10 is that the magnetic circuit of radial magnetic field modulating described in Chinese patent cn101951090a is illustrated Figure；

Figure 11 is the magnetic circuit schematic diagram of radial direction double-rotor machine described in embodiment two；

Figure 12 is the outer air gap magnetic of radial magnetic field modulating described in Chinese patent cn101951090a Field waveform diagram；

Figure 13 is the interior air gap magnetic of radial magnetic field modulating described in Chinese patent cn101951090a Field waveform diagram；

Figure 14 is the outer air-gap field waveform schematic diagram of radial direction double-rotor machine described in embodiment two；

Figure 15 is the interior air-gap field waveform schematic diagram of radial direction double-rotor machine described in embodiment two；

Figure 16 is the counter potential waveform pair of the radial direction double-rotor machine of Chinese patent cn101951090a and embodiment two Compare schematic diagram；In figure solid line waveform is the counter potential waveform of the radial direction double-rotor machine of embodiment two, and dotted line waveform is China The counter potential waveform of patent cn101951090a.

Figure 17 is the electricity of the adjustable magnetic rotor of the radial direction double-rotor machine of Chinese patent cn101951090a and embodiment two Magnetic torque comparison of wave shape schematic diagram；In figure solid line waveform is the electromagnetism of the adjustable magnetic rotor of radial direction double-rotor machine of embodiment two Torque profile, dotted line waveform is the electromagnetic torque waveform of the adjustable magnetic rotor of Chinese patent cn101951090a.

Figure 18 is the electricity of the p-m rotor of radial direction double-rotor machine of Chinese patent cn101951090a and embodiment two Magnetic torque comparison of wave shape schematic diagram, in figure solid line waveform is the electromagnetism of the p-m rotor of radial direction double-rotor machine of embodiment two Torque profile, dotted line waveform is the electromagnetic torque waveform of the p-m rotor of Chinese patent cn101951090a.

Specific embodiment

Specific embodiment one: present embodiment, radial direction-axle described in present embodiment are described with reference to Fig. 1～Figure 18 To magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider, it is set side by side with radial direction double-rotor machine in housing 4 and axial torque is adjusted Motor, described radial direction double-rotor machine includes the first stator 5, the first p-m rotor 6, adjustable magnetic rotor 7, adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle 1 With p-m rotor output shaft 9, described axial torque adjusts motor and includes the second stator 11 and the second p-m rotor 12, p-m rotor Output shaft 9 adjusts the armature spindle of motor simultaneously as axial torque,

The second stator 11 that axial torque adjusts motor is fixed on the end cap inwall of housing 4, and the second p-m rotor 12 is solid It is scheduled on p-m rotor output shaft 9, between the second stator 11 and the second p-m rotor 12, there is axial air-gap l3；

First stator 5 of radial direction double-rotor machine is fixed on the internal circular surfaces of housing 4, by extroversion inside the first stator 5 Inside it is disposed with the first p-m rotor 6 and adjustable magnetic rotor 7；Adjustable magnetic rotor 7 is fixed in adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle 1, and adjustable magnetic turns One end of sub- output shaft 1 is passed through second bearing 3 and fourth bearing 10 and is connected with the first p-m rotor 6 rotation, and adjustable magnetic rotor exports The other end of axle 1 stretches out from an end cap of housing 4, and is connected with housing 4 rotation by clutch shaft bearing 2；First p-m rotor 6 Positioned between the first stator 5 and adjustable magnetic rotor 7, one end of p-m rotor output shaft 9 is fixed on the first p-m rotor 6, permanent magnetism The other end of rotor of output shaft axle 9 stretches out from another end cap of housing 4, and is connected with housing 4 rotation by 3rd bearing 8；

There is radial air gap l1 between first p-m rotor 6 and the first stator 5；First p-m rotor 6 and adjustable magnetic rotor 7 it Between there is radial air gap l2；Adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle 1 and the dead in line of p-m rotor output shaft 9；

First stator 5 is made up of the first stator core 5-2 and m phase the first stator winding 5-1, and the first stator winding 5-1 leads to When having the symmetrical alternating current of m, form the rotating excitation field of 2p number of poles, m, p are positive integer；

First p-m rotor 6 is the rotor of n for number of pole-pairs, and n is positive integer；

Adjustable magnetic rotor 7 is made up of 7-1 and q protrusion unit 7-2 of adjustable magnetic rotor core, q protrusion unit 7-2 circumferentially side To being uniformly distributed arrangement, q is positive integer；

And meet the establishment of p=| hn+kq | relational expression, wherein, h is positive odd number, and k is integer.

First stator core 5-2 is annular, and its internal circular surfaces has multiple grooves vertically, in the opening of the plurality of groove Heart line is uniformly distributed around adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle 1, and the first stator winding 5-1 is respectively embedded in described groove and forms m phase winding.

Adjustable magnetic rotor core 7-1 and protrusion unit 7-2 select soft-magnetic composite material, stalloy, solid-iron or soft magnet oxygen Body.

7-1 and q protrusion unit 7-2 of adjustable magnetic rotor core is integrated part or separate piece, the shape of protrusion unit 7-2 with Meaning.

Specific embodiment two: with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 7～Figure 18 explanation present embodiment, present embodiment is to reality Apply mode one to be described further, the first p-m rotor 6 includes rotor field spider 6-1, n first permanent magnet unit 6-2 and n the Two permanent magnet unit 6-3, rotor field spider 6-1 are along the circumferential direction uniformly interspersed the first permanent magnet unit 6-2 and the second permanent magnetism The magnetizing direction of body unit 6-3, n the first permanent magnet unit 6-2 is identical, the magnetizing direction phase of n the second permanent magnet unit 6-3 Together, the first permanent magnet unit 6-2 and the second permanent magnet unit 6-3 magnetizing direction are contrary.

The magnetizing direction of the first permanent magnet unit 6-2 is radial magnetizing or radially parallel magnetization.

The magnetizing direction of the second permanent magnet unit 6-3 is radial magnetizing or radially parallel magnetization.

In order to the operation principle of the present invention is described, present embodiment taking structure shown in Fig. 1 as a example illustrates, concrete principle Referring to Fig. 9, in adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle 1 and p-m rotor output shaft 9, the axle being dragged by prime mover is input shaft to figure, another It is then output shaft, whom is input shaft as, who is output shaft, is determined according to the specific requirement in work, the present embodiment is with adjustable magnetic Rotor of output shaft axle 1 is input shaft, and p-m rotor output shaft 9 is output shaft.

Radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider is functionally divided into two parts from attainable: a part It is radial direction double-rotor machine；Another part is that axial torque adjusts motor.The function that radial direction double-rotor machine is mainly realized is to make The rotating speed of p-m rotor output shaft 9 does not rely on the rotating speed of adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle 1, and enables p-m rotor output shaft 9 Realize infinitely variable speeds, the torque of the input according to adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle 1 for the p-m rotor output shaft 9 simultaneously is according to certain ratio Export corresponding torque.The effect that axial torque adjusts motor is needs according to actual loading, input driving torque or Braking moment, makes the torque of p-m rotor output shaft 9 final output to load not rely on what adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle 1 was inputted Torque is it is achieved that the flexible of torque.

Analyze the operation principle of radial direction double-rotor machine in detail below:

Prime mover passes through adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle 1 with driving torque t driving adjustable magnetic rotor 7 rotate counterclockwise, its rotation first Rotary speed is ω₁；

In order that adjustable magnetic rotor 7 Moment balance, now m phase will be passed through in the first stator winding 5-1 of the first stator 5 Symmetrical alternating current, produces the stator rotating excitation field of 2p number of poles, described stator rotation in outer layer air gap l1 and internal layer air gap l2 The rotary speed in magnetic field is ω_s；

The magnetic field modulation effect by adjustable magnetic rotor 7 for the described stator rotating excitation field, in outer layer air gap l1 and internal layer air gap l2 The middle rotating excitation field producing with the identical number of poles of the first p-m rotor 6, by the interaction in magnetic field, the permanent-magnet torque t of generation_pmMake On p-m rotor 6, and permanent-magnet torque t_pmDirection be counterclockwise；P-m rotor output shaft 9 is with permanent-magnet torque simultaneously t_pmDriving load；

Principle according to active force and counteracting force, exists and permanent-magnet torque t again_pmEqual in magnitude and in opposite direction Moment t'_pmAct simultaneously on adjustable magnetic rotor 7, t'_pmDirection be clockwise；

Meanwhile, with speed omega_pmThe p-m rotor rotating excitation field that first p-m rotor 6 of rotation produces passes through adjustable magnetic rotor 7 Magnetic field modulation effect, in outer layer air gap l1 and internal layer air gap l2 produce 2p number of poles rotating excitation field, with stator rotating excitation field Interact, stator torque t can be produced_s, and act on the first stator 5, and stator torque t_sDirection is counterclockwise；

According to the principle of active force and counteracting force, exist and stator torque t_sPower equal in magnitude and in opposite direction Square t '_sAct simultaneously on adjustable magnetic rotor 7, and direction is clockwise；

Therefore, the torque t of adjustable magnetic rotor 7_mMeet condition: t_m=t '_s+t'_pm=-(t_s+t_pm), and direction is square clockwise To；As the above analysis, act on the torque t on adjustable magnetic rotor 7_mIt is contrary with the direction of driving torque t；When the two is big When little equal, adjustable magnetic rotor 7 is in steady statue.

It can thus be seen that the torque t of adjustable magnetic rotor 7_mIt is permanent-magnet torque t_pmWith stator torque t_sSynthesis torque.Cause This, the torque t of adjustable magnetic rotor 7_mWill be greater than output torque t of the first p-m rotor 6_pm, and the two has certain no-load voltage ratio.

The dual-rotor structure motor of the present invention is to be worked according to magnetic field modulation principle, can be derived by magnetic field modulation principle Go out, rotary speed ω of the first stator 5 rotating excitation field_s, rotary speed ω of adjustable magnetic rotor 7_mRotation with the first p-m rotor 6 Speed omega_pmMeet relational expression (1):

${\mathrm{\ω}}_s=\frac{\mathrm{hn}}{\mathrm{hn}+\mathrm{kq}}{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{pm}}+\frac{\mathrm{kq}}{\mathrm{hn}+\mathrm{kq}}{\mathrm{\ω}}_m---\left(1\right)$

Rotary speed ω of the first stator 5 rotating excitation field_sIt is to be determined by the power frequency f being passed through the first stator winding 5-1 , therefore, it can adjust double-rotor machine rotating speed by adjusting the power frequency f being passed through the first stator winding 5-1, lower mask Body several special circumstances of analysis and its principle of generation:

1st, in the case of the first p-m rotor 6 transfixion, i.e. ω_pm=0, substitute into formula (1), then there is following relation Formula is set up:

${\mathrm{\ω}}_s=\frac{\mathrm{kq}}{\mathrm{hn}+\mathrm{kq}}{\mathrm{\ω}}_m---\left(2\right)$

The principle that it produces is:

In the case of the first p-m rotor 6 transfixion, now the first stator winding 5-1 leads to the symmetrical alternating current of m Produce stator rotating excitation field with rotary speed ω_sRotation, and adjustable magnetic rotor 7 under the driving of prime mover with rotary speed ω_mRotation Turn, this mode of operation equivalent can regard the mode of operation of magnetic gear as.According to the operation principle of magnetic gear, and first is fixed Protrusion unit number unshakable in one's determination in number of pole-pairs p of sub- rotating excitation field, rotating excitation field number of pole-pairs n of the first p-m rotor 6 and adjustable magnetic rotor 7 The relational expression that q meets: p=| hn+kq | it is known that: when the first p-m rotor 6 transfixion, then the first stator rotating excitation field Rotary speed ω_sRotary speed ω with adjustable magnetic rotor 7_mMeet relational expression (2), it can thus be appreciated that the rotation of the first stator rotating excitation field Rotary speed ω_sRotary speed ω with adjustable magnetic rotor 7_mThere is certain no-load voltage ratio relation, adjust in the two either party rotating speed all The rotating speed that the opposing party can be made changes.

2nd, it is passed through frequency f=0 of the electric current of the first stator winding 5-1, that is, the first stator winding 5-1 is passed through DC current When, the stator field of generation is stationary magnetic field, does not rotate, ω_s=0, substitute into formula (1), then there is relationship below and set up:

${\mathrm{\ω}}_m=\frac{-\mathrm{hn}}{\mathrm{kq}}{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{pm}}---\left(3\right)$

The principle that it produces is:

When the first stator winding 5-1 is passed through DC current, produce stationary magnetic field, adjustable magnetic rotor 7 is in prime mover simultaneously With rotary speed as ω under driving_mRotor rotating excitation field, and now the first p-m rotor 6 is not fixed, this work Operation mode equivalent can regard another kind of mode of operation of magnetic gear as.According to the operation principle of magnetic gear, and the first stator Protrusion unit number q unshakable in one's determination in number of pole-pairs p of rotating excitation field, rotating excitation field number of pole-pairs n of the first p-m rotor 6 and adjustable magnetic rotor 7 Meet relational expression: p=| hn+kq | it is known that: the first p-m rotor 6 will be rotated with certain speed, and the first permanent magnetism turns Sub 6 rotary speeies ω_pmRotary speed ω with adjustable magnetic rotor 7_mRelational expression (3) will be met, it can thus be appreciated that the first p-m rotor 6 Rotary speed ω_pmRotary speed ω with adjustable magnetic rotor 7_mThere is certain no-load voltage ratio, adjust in the two either party rotating speed all The rotating speed that the opposing party can be made changes；

It is illustrated below the generation principle of formula (1), if now making the stationary magnetic field that the first stator 5 produces " rotate Come ", that is, when the first stator winding 5-1 is passed through symmetrical alternating current and produces stator rotating excitation field, can according to magnetic field modulation principle Derive, rotary speed ω of the first stator rotating excitation field_sRotary speed ω with the first p-m rotor 6_pmWith adjustable magnetic rotor 7 Rotary speed ω_mMeet relational expression (1).Therefore, when the speed omega of internal layer adjustable magnetic rotor 7_mIn the case of constant, adjust first fixed Rotary speed ω of sub- rotating excitation field_s, it is possible to achieve the rotary rpm ω of the first p-m rotor 6_pmRegulation.Thus can see Go out, rotary speed ω of the first p-m rotor 6_pmIt is by rotary speed ω of adjustable magnetic rotor 7_mRotation with the first stator rotating excitation field Rotary speed ω_sTogether decide on.

To sum up, radial direction double-rotor machine of the present invention adjusts the electricity being passed through the first stator winding 5-1 according to formula (1) Frequency f of stream is adjusting rotating speed.

By above-mentioned analysis, two rotors of radial direction double-rotor machine can achieve speed changing function, as radial magnetic field Electromagnetic planetary gear variator.Additionally, formula (1) can be expressed as

$\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s-{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{pm}}}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s-{\mathrm{\ω}}_m}=-\frac{\mathrm{hn}}{\mathrm{kq}}---\left(4\right)$

And have following relation in traditional mechanical planetary gear,

$\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_c-{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{sg}}}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_c-{\mathrm{\ω}}_r}=-\frac{r}{s}---\left(5\right)$

In formula (5), ω_sg、ω_cAnd ω_rIt is that sun wheel speed in mechanical planetary gear, planet carrier rotating speed and gear ring turn respectively Speed；R and s is the gear ring number of teeth and the sun gear number of teeth respectively.By formula (4) and formula (5) contrast, radial direction double-rotor machine can be real Existing mechanical planetary speed-regulating function (only need to be can achieve by setting h, k, n, q parameter), and radial direction double-rotor machine It is the planetary gear speed-regulating function realized by electromagnetic energy conversion regime, it does not exist in mechanical planetary gear because of Gear Contact The problems such as abrasion that leads to, periodic maintenance, mechanical breakdown.

Radial magnetic field modulating described in Chinese patent cn101951090a and the electricity of present embodiment The operation principle that machine adopts has certain similarity, but two schemes are not in terms of frame for movement, magnetic structure, motor performance With, performance is as follows:

1., in frame for movement, the modulation rotor of cn101951090a scheme is located between stator and p-m rotor, and And modulation rotor is to be made up of magnetic inductive block and non-magnetic block gap, does not allow by permeability magnetic material between two neighboring magnetic inductive block It is made of one and so that it is connected, so just enable magnetic field modulation function, and then ensure the electromagnetic performance of motor.Therefore, existing side The major issue that case faces be how to take into account motor electromagnetic performance ensure simultaneously again modulation rotor because of interval setting magnetic inductive block and The non-magnetic piece of problems of mechanical strength brought.

Application scheme, adjustable magnetic rotor is located at innermost layer, and protrusion unit 7-2 of multiple magnetic conduction functions equally achieves magnetic field Modulation function, and on magnetic circuit, these protrusion unit 7-2 need to make it connect just with permeability magnetic material to be more beneficial for the main magnetic of motor Road flux closure (see main magnetic circuit path in Figure 11), thus ensure motor electromagnetic performance.Therefore, it is only necessary to adopt from structure The integrated adjustable magnetic rotor with multiple protrusion unit 7-2 made by same permeability magnetic material, you can realize the adjustable magnetic of adjustable magnetic rotor 7 Function.And importantly, such structure makes the mechanical strength of adjustable magnetic rotor 7 significantly increase, thus solving existing side The problem that motor performance in case and mechanical strength can not be taken into account.

According to the principles illustrated before present embodiment, the torque t of adjustable magnetic rotor 7_mWill be greater than the defeated of p-m rotor 6 Go out torque t_pm；Also " output torque t of modulation rotor 6 is described in cn101951090a₃Will be greater than the output of p-m rotor 7 Torque t₁" this technical characteristic, that is, the two is required to the torque more than permanent magnetism for the torque of adjustable magnetic, and this requires the strong of adjustable magnetic rotor Degree is greater than the intensity of p-m rotor, and the structure of motor is just reasonable, and efficiency just can be higher, and the electric machine structure of present embodiment is exactly Meet this feature, the electric machine structure of therefore present embodiment is more reasonable, in hgher efficiency.

2., on magnetic structure, the permanent magnet leakage magnetic circuit of cn101951090a only have passed through one layer of air gap (internal layer air gap l2) (referring to Figure 10) can be closed, by contrast, the permanent magnet leakage magnetic circuit of present embodiment needs through two-layer air gap (internal layer air gap L2 and outer layer air gap l1) (referring to Figure 11) could be closed, therefore, the motor of present embodiment is fewer than cn101951090a leakage field. (cn101951090a: stator number of pole-pairs is 4, forever taking the cn101951090a of same number of pole-pairs relation and present embodiment as a example Magnet number of pole-pairs is 17, and magnetic conduction block number is 21；Present embodiment: stator number of pole-pairs is 4, permanent magnet pole logarithm is 17, and magnetic conduction is dashed forward Playing unit 7-2 number is 21), the field waveform in ectonexine air gap l2 in two schemes is respectively as Figure 12-Figure 15. contrast this 4 Figure it can be seen that due to the leakage path in two schemes different so that in present embodiment outer layer air gap field waveform Differ markedly from the field waveform of outer layer air gap in cn101951090a, and in present embodiment outer layer air gap magnetic field amplitude Also it is significantly greater than the magnetic field amplitude of outer layer air gap in cn101951090a.Therefore, excellent in magnetic path connection based on present embodiment Gesture, present embodiment has more superior electromagnetic performance than cn101951090a.Still, right taking two above-mentioned concrete models as a example The key technical index (back-emf, electromagnetic torque) of cn101951090a and present embodiment has carried out simulation analysis, emulation knot Fruit such as Figure 16-Figure 18.From simulation result as can be seen that the back-emf amplitude of present embodiment is significantly greater than cn101951090a's Back-emf amplitude；In present embodiment, the average electromagnetic torque of adjustable magnetic rotor is significantly greater than in cn101951090a and modulates rotor Average electromagnetic torque；In present embodiment, the average electromagnetic torque of p-m rotor is significantly greater than in cn101951090a and modulates ring The average electromagnetic torque of rotor.Therefore, compare cn101951090a, present embodiment can obtain higher torque density and work( Rate density.

Analyze the operation principle that axial torque adjusts motor in detail below:

Because the second p-m rotor 12 is fixed on p-m rotor output shaft 9, the second p-m rotor 12 is turned with permanent magnetism The rotating speed rotation of sub- output shaft 9.When second stator winding 11-2 is passed through polyphase alternating current, produces in space and turn with the second permanent magnetism Sub 12 magnetic field number of poles identical rotating excitation fields, produce torque by the interaction in magnetic field and are applied to the second p-m rotor 12 On, it is simultaneously communicating on p-m rotor output shaft 9.

When the torque that radial direction double-rotor machine is input on p-m rotor output shaft 9 is more than the torque that load needs, lead to Cross the electric current of control input the second stator winding 11-2, make axial torque adjust motor and be operated in dynamic brake state, now axle Adjust motor generation braking moment to torque to act on p-m rotor output shaft 9, thus it is guaranteed that p-m rotor output shaft 9 The torque of input and output balances each other.At this moment, radial direction double-rotor machine is input to the energy part on p-m rotor output shaft 9 For driving load, another part is used for driving axial torque regulation motor makes it generate electricity, so that p-m rotor output shaft 9 is defeated Enter and export can amount phase equilibrium.

When the torque that radial direction double-rotor machine is input on p-m rotor output shaft 9 is less than the torque that load needs, lead to Cross the electric current of control input the second stator winding 11-2, make axial torque adjust motor and be operated in motorized motions state, now axle Adjust motor generation driving torque to torque to act on p-m rotor output shaft 9, thus it is guaranteed that p-m rotor output shaft 9 The torque of input and output balances each other.At this moment, an energy part for driving load is input to forever from radial direction double-rotor machine Energy on magnet rotor output shaft 9, another part derives from the energy that axial torque adjusts motor input, so that p-m rotor The energy amount phase equilibrium that output shaft 9 inputs and exports.

When the torque that radial direction double-rotor machine is input on p-m rotor output shaft 9 is equal with the torque that load needs, Now axial torque adjusts motor and does not work.At this moment, the energy of driving load is all input to from radial direction double-rotor machine Energy on p-m rotor output shaft 9, so that the energy amount phase equilibrium that p-m rotor output shaft 9 inputs and exports.

By above-mentioned analysis, it is operated in respectively under different rotational speed and torque states in electromotor and wheel-borne load, footpath It is accomplished that the speed-regulating function between electromotor and wheel-borne load to double-rotor machine；Axial torque regulation motor is accomplished that to be sent out Tune square function between motivation and wheel-borne load.In terms of energy distribution angle, electromotor is delivered to radial direction double-rotor machine one The mechanical energy of rotor, a part of mechanical energy passes to wheel-borne load by another rotor, and another part mechanical energy passes through stator It is converted into electric energy to pass, this part electric energy is converted into mechanical energy through axial torque regulation motor again and passes to wheel simultaneously Load.This electric machine structure of present embodiment can be used as electromagnetic planetary gear power divider.

Specific embodiment three: with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, present embodiment is described, present embodiment is to embodiment one It is described further, the first p-m rotor 6 includes rotor field spider 6-1, n 6-2 and n p-m rotor ferrum of the first permanent magnet unit Heart 6-4, rotor field spider 6-1 are along the circumferential direction uniformly interspersed the first permanent magnet unit 6-2 and p-m rotor iron core 6-4, n The magnetizing direction of the first permanent magnet unit 6-2 is identical.

The magnetizing direction of the first permanent magnet unit 6-2 is radial magnetizing or radially parallel magnetization.

P-m rotor iron core 6-4 is stalloy or solid-iron.

The advantage of present embodiment is to save the permanent magnet consumption of half under the permanent magnetic field of same number of pole-pairs.

Specific embodiment four: with reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, present embodiment is described, present embodiment is to embodiment one It is described further, the first p-m rotor 6 includes rotor field spider 6-1, n first permanent magnet unit 6-2, n the second permanent magnet 6-3 and n p-m rotor of unit iron core 6-4, rotor field spider 6-1 are along the circumferential direction uniformly interspersed the first permanent magnet unit 6- 2 and the second permanent magnet unit 6-3, arrange between arbitrary neighborhood two the first permanent magnet unit 6-2 and the second permanent magnet unit 6-3 One p-m rotor iron core 6-4；The magnetizing direction of n the first permanent magnet unit 6-2 is identical, n the second permanent magnet unit 6-3's Magnetizing direction is identical, and the first permanent magnet unit 6-2 and the second permanent magnet unit 6-3 magnetizing direction are contrary.

The magnetizing direction of the first permanent magnet unit 6-2 is cutting orientation magnetizing or cuts radial parallel magnetizing.

The magnetizing direction of the second permanent magnet unit 6-3 is cutting orientation magnetizing or tangentially parallel magnetization.

In present embodiment, the first p-m rotor 6 belongs to magnetism-collected structure, in the parallel connection of the first p-m rotor 6 adjacent permanent magnet So that there being two pieces of permanent magnets to provide magnetic flux to air gap under every pole field under effect, air gap flux density can be improved, especially in number of poles relatively More prominent in the case of many.

Specific embodiment five: present embodiment is described further to embodiment one to four any embodiment, the Two stators 11 are made up of second stator core 11-1 and m ' phase the second stator winding 11-2, and the second stator core 11-1 is annulus Shape, the outer toroid end cap of the second stator core 11-1 is fixed on the end cap inwall of housing 4, the inner circle of the second stator core 11-1 Multiple grooves are radially had on ring end cap, the opening centrage of the plurality of groove is in radiation centered on p-m rotor output shaft 9 Wire is uniformly distributed, and the second stator winding 11-2 is respectively embedded in described groove and forms m ' phase winding, and m ' is positive integer.

Specific embodiment six: present embodiment is described further to embodiment one to four any embodiment, the Two p-m rotors 12 are made up of second 12-2 and 2r the second permanent magnet unit 12-1 of p-m rotor iron core, the second p-m rotor ferrum Heart 12-2 is disc, and is fixed on p-m rotor output shaft 9, and 2r the second permanent magnet unit 12-1 is arranged on the second permanent magnetism In the rotor core 12-2 card relative with the second stator 11, and it is in that radial line is uniform centered on p-m rotor output shaft 9 Arrangement, 2r the second permanent magnet unit 12-1 is arranged on the second p-m rotor iron core 12-2 surface or embedded second p-m rotor In 12-2 surface unshakable in one's determination, the second permanent magnet unit 12-1 parallel magnetization vertically, and adjacent two piece of second permanent magnet unit 12- 1 magnetizing direction is contrary, and r is positive integer.

Claims (14)

1. radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider is it is characterised in that be set side by side with footpath in housing (4) Adjust motor to double-rotor machine and axial torque, described radial direction double-rotor machine includes the first stator (5), the first p-m rotor (6), adjustable magnetic rotor (7), adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle (1) and p-m rotor output shaft (9), described axial torque adjusts motor and includes Second stator (11) and the second p-m rotor (12), p-m rotor output shaft (9) adjusts turning of motor simultaneously as axial torque Sub- axle,

The second stator (11) that axial torque adjusts motor is fixed on the end cap inwall of housing (4), the second p-m rotor (12) It is fixed on p-m rotor output shaft (9), between the second stator (11) and the second p-m rotor (12), there is axial air-gap l3；

First stator (5) of radial direction double-rotor machine is fixed on the internal circular surfaces of housing (4), and the first stator (5) inside is by outer Inwardly it is disposed with the first p-m rotor (6) and adjustable magnetic rotor (7)；Adjustable magnetic rotor (7) is fixed on adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle (1) On, one end of adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle (1) is passed through second bearing (3) and fourth bearing (10) and is rotated with the first p-m rotor (6) Connect, the other end of adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle (1) stretches out from an end cap of housing (4), and pass through clutch shaft bearing (2) and housing (4) rotate and connect；First p-m rotor (6) is located between the first stator (5) and adjustable magnetic rotor (7), p-m rotor output shaft (9) One end be fixed on the first p-m rotor (6), the other end of p-m rotor output shaft (9) is from another end cap of housing (4) Stretch out, and be connected with housing (4) rotation by 3rd bearing (8)；

There is radial air gap l1 between first p-m rotor (6) and the first stator (5)；First p-m rotor (6) and adjustable magnetic rotor (7) there is radial air gap l2 between；Adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle (1) and the dead in line of p-m rotor output shaft (9)；

First stator (5) is made up of the first stator core (5-2) and m phase first stator winding (5-1), the first stator winding (5- 1) when being connected with the symmetrical alternating current of m, form the rotating excitation field of 2p number of poles, m, p are positive integer；

First p-m rotor (6) is the rotor of n for number of pole-pairs, and n is positive integer；First p-m rotor (6) includes rotor field spider (6- 1), n the first permanent magnet unit (6-2) and n p-m rotor iron core (6-4), rotor field spider (6-1) is along the circumferential direction uniformly handed over Wrong distribution the first permanent magnet unit (6-2) and p-m rotor iron core (6-4), the magnetizing direction of n the first permanent magnet unit (6-2) Identical；

Adjustable magnetic rotor (7) is made up of adjustable magnetic rotor core (7-1) and q protrusion unit (7-2), and q protrusion unit (7-2) is along circle Circumferential direction is uniformly distributed arrangement, and q is positive integer；

And meet the establishment of p=| hn+kq | relational expression, wherein, h is positive odd number, and k is integer.

2. according to claim 1 radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider it is characterised in that first is fixed Son iron core (5-2) is annular, and its internal circular surfaces has multiple grooves vertically, and the opening centrage of the plurality of groove is around adjustable magnetic Rotor of output shaft axle (1) is uniformly distributed, and the first stator winding (5-1) is respectively embedded in described groove and forms m phase winding.

3. according to claim 1 radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider it is characterised in that adjustable magnetic turns Son iron core (7-1) and protrusion unit (7-2) are all from soft-magnetic composite material.

4. according to claim 1 radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider it is characterised in that adjustable magnetic turns Son iron core (7-1) and protrusion unit (7-2) are all from stalloy, solid-iron or soft magnetic ferrite.

5. according to claim 3 or 4 radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider it is characterised in that adjustable magnetic Rotor core (7-1) and q protrusion unit (7-2) are integrated part.

6. according to claim 1 radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider it is characterised in that second is fixed Sub (11) are made up of the second stator core (11-1) and m ' phase second stator winding (11-2), and the second stator core (11-1) is circle Annular, the outer toroid end cap of the second stator core (11-1) is fixed on the end cap inwall of housing (4), the second stator core (11- 1) multiple grooves are radially had on interior annular end cap, the opening centrage of the plurality of groove with p-m rotor output shaft (9) is Center is uniformly distributed in radial line, and the second stator winding (11-2) is respectively embedded in described groove and forms m ' phase winding, and m ' is just Integer.

7. according to claim 1 radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider it is characterised in that second forever Magnet rotor (12) is made up of the second p-m rotor iron core (12-2) and 2r the second permanent magnet unit (12-1), the second p-m rotor (12-2) unshakable in one's determination is disc, and is fixed on p-m rotor output shaft (9), and 2r the second permanent magnet unit (12-1) is arranged on In second p-m rotor iron core (12-2) card relative with the second stator (11), and centered on p-m rotor output shaft (9) Uniformly arrange in radial line, 2r the second permanent magnet unit (12-1) is arranged on second p-m rotor iron core (12-2) surface Or embed in second p-m rotor iron core (12-2) surface, the second permanent magnet unit (12-1) parallel magnetization vertically, and phase The magnetizing direction of adjacent two piece of second permanent magnet unit (12-1) is contrary, and r is positive integer.

8. radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider is it is characterised in that be set side by side with footpath in housing (4) Adjust motor to double-rotor machine and axial torque, described radial direction double-rotor machine includes the first stator (5), the first p-m rotor (6), adjustable magnetic rotor (7), adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle (1) and p-m rotor output shaft (9), described axial torque adjusts motor and includes Second stator (11) and the second p-m rotor (12), p-m rotor output shaft (9) adjusts turning of motor simultaneously as axial torque Sub- axle,

The second stator (11) that axial torque adjusts motor is fixed on the end cap inwall of housing (4), the second p-m rotor (12) It is fixed on p-m rotor output shaft (9), between the second stator (11) and the second p-m rotor (12), there is axial air-gap l3；

First stator (5) of radial direction double-rotor machine is fixed on the internal circular surfaces of housing (4), and the first stator (5) inside is by outer Inwardly it is disposed with the first p-m rotor (6) and adjustable magnetic rotor (7)；Adjustable magnetic rotor (7) is fixed on adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle (1) On, one end of adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle (1) is passed through second bearing (3) and fourth bearing (10) and is rotated with the first p-m rotor (6) Connect, the other end of adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle (1) stretches out from an end cap of housing (4), and pass through clutch shaft bearing (2) and housing (4) rotate and connect；First p-m rotor (6) is located between the first stator (5) and adjustable magnetic rotor (7), p-m rotor output shaft (9) One end be fixed on the first p-m rotor (6), the other end of p-m rotor output shaft (9) is from another end cap of housing (4) Stretch out, and be connected with housing (4) rotation by 3rd bearing (8)；

There is radial air gap l1 between first p-m rotor (6) and the first stator (5)；First p-m rotor (6) and adjustable magnetic rotor (7) there is radial air gap l2 between；Adjustable magnetic rotor of output shaft axle (1) and the dead in line of p-m rotor output shaft (9)；

First stator (5) is made up of the first stator core (5-2) and m phase first stator winding (5-1), the first stator winding (5- 1) when being connected with the symmetrical alternating current of m, form the rotating excitation field of 2p number of poles, m, p are positive integer；

First p-m rotor (6) is the rotor of n for number of pole-pairs, and n is positive integer；First p-m rotor (6) includes rotor field spider (6- 1), n the first permanent magnet unit (6-2), n the second permanent magnet unit (6-3) and n p-m rotor iron core (6-4), rotor props up Frame (6-1) is along the circumferential direction uniformly interspersed the first permanent magnet unit (6-2) and the second permanent magnet unit (6-3), any phase Between adjacent two the first permanent magnet units (6-2) and the second permanent magnet unit (6-3), a p-m rotor iron core (6-4) is set；n The magnetizing direction of individual first permanent magnet unit (6-2) is identical, and the magnetizing direction of n the second permanent magnet unit (6-3) is identical, and first Permanent magnet unit (6-2) and the second permanent magnet unit (6-3) magnetizing direction are contrary；

Adjustable magnetic rotor (7) is made up of adjustable magnetic rotor core (7-1) and q protrusion unit (7-2), and q protrusion unit (7-2) is along circle Circumferential direction is uniformly distributed arrangement, and q is positive integer；

And meet the establishment of p=| hn+kq | relational expression, wherein, h is positive odd number, and k is integer.

9. according to claim 8 radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider it is characterised in that first is fixed Son iron core (5-2) is annular, and its internal circular surfaces has multiple grooves vertically, and the opening centrage of the plurality of groove is around adjustable magnetic Rotor of output shaft axle (1) is uniformly distributed, and the first stator winding (5-1) is respectively embedded in described groove and forms m phase winding.

10. according to claim 8 radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider it is characterised in that adjustable magnetic turns Son iron core (7-1) and protrusion unit (7-2) are all from soft-magnetic composite material.

11. according to claim 8 radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider it is characterised in that adjustable magnetic turns Son iron core (7-1) and protrusion unit (7-2) are all from stalloy, solid-iron or soft magnetic ferrite.

12. according to claim 10 or 11 radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider it is characterised in that Adjustable magnetic rotor core (7-1) and q protrusion unit (7-2) are integrated part.

13. according to claim 8 radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider it is characterised in that second is fixed Sub (11) are made up of the second stator core (11-1) and m ' phase second stator winding (11-2), and the second stator core (11-1) is circle Annular, the outer toroid end cap of the second stator core (11-1) is fixed on the end cap inwall of housing (4), the second stator core (11- 1) multiple grooves are radially had on interior annular end cap, the opening centrage of the plurality of groove with p-m rotor output shaft (9) is Center is uniformly distributed in radial line, and the second stator winding (11-2) is respectively embedded in described groove and forms m ' phase winding, and m ' is just Integer.

14. according to claim 8 radial-axial magnetic field electromagnetic planetary gear power divider it is characterised in that second forever Magnet rotor (12) is made up of the second p-m rotor iron core (12-2) and 2r the second permanent magnet unit (12-1), the second p-m rotor (12-2) unshakable in one's determination is disc, and is fixed on p-m rotor output shaft (9), and 2r the second permanent magnet unit (12-1) is arranged on In second p-m rotor iron core (12-2) card relative with the second stator (11), and centered on p-m rotor output shaft (9) Uniformly arrange in radial line, 2r the second permanent magnet unit (12-1) is arranged on second p-m rotor iron core (12-2) surface Or embed in second p-m rotor iron core (12-2) surface, the second permanent magnet unit (12-1) parallel magnetization vertically, and phase The magnetizing direction of adjacent two piece of second permanent magnet unit (12-1) is contrary, and r is positive integer.