CN104376665A - Monitoring node of perimeter protection system of wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Monitoring node of perimeter protection system of wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN104376665A CN104376665A CN201410713268.XA CN201410713268A CN104376665A CN 104376665 A CN104376665 A CN 104376665A CN 201410713268 A CN201410713268 A CN 201410713268A CN 104376665 A CN104376665 A CN 104376665A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/16—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid
- G08B13/1654—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems
- G08B13/1663—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems using seismic sensing means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/181—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using active radiation detection systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/0202—Child monitoring systems using a transmitter-receiver system carried by the parent and the child
- G08B21/0266—System arrangements wherein the object is to detect the exact distance between parent and child or surveyor and item
Abstract
The invention discloses a monitoring node of a perimeter protection system of a wireless sensor network. The monitoring node comprises a core processing unit. The periphery of the core processing unit is connected with a ranging and positioning unit, a communication unit, a universal interface unit and a power source supply unit respectively. The core processor of the core processing unit is a chip CC2430, the communication unit adopts a wireless Zigbee short-distance communication chip of 2.4G, and the ranging and positioning unit comprises a CSS (chirp spread spectrum) ranging module. Via the innovative universal interface design, flexibility of the node connected with sensors externally is greatly improved, and a backward-stage signal conditioning circuit can be configured online according to the types of the connected sensors. Accordingly, different sensor combinations can be constructed for different monitoring objects, at last, intruders of the perimeter protection system can be effectively monitored and identified and the monitoring node can adapt to different application scenes and demands quickly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless sensor network perimeter defense system, particularly relate to a kind of monitoring node of wireless sensor network perimeter defense system.
Background technology
Along with the development of wireless sensor network technology and constantly bringing forth new ideas of safety monitoring equipment, wireless sensor network technology is more and more applied in important goal perimeter defense system.ZigBee technology, as the one in wireless sensor network technology, has the features such as cost is low, low in energy consumption, network capacity large, data transmission is reliable, is of wide application.Generally form by carrying the wireless exploration node of various kinds of sensors, Sensor Network aggregation node and corresponding long distance control system based on the intelligent security guard of radio sensing network, supervisory system, wireless exploration node utilizes self-organizing technique rapid build monitoring network covered protection region, and by aggregation node, various monitoring information is sent to remote monitoring center in real time.Existing wireless sense network monitoring node system element is complicated, more single to the support of external sensor, underaction and not easily expanding, and therefore needs that a kind of degree of integration is higher, stronger to access sensor tenability, networking equipment replacement more flexibly.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the monitoring node of wireless sensor network perimeter defense system that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of modularization, high-level efficiency, low-power consumption.
Technical scheme: the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: the monitoring node of a kind of wireless sensor network perimeter defense system of the present invention, comprise core processing unit, connect ranging localization unit, communication unit, Versatile Interface Unit and power supply unit respectively in core processing unit periphery; Described core processing unit core processor is CC2430 chip, and described communication unit adopts the Zigbee short-distance wireless communication chip of 2.4G, and described ranging localization unit comprises CSS (Chirp Spread Spectrum) range finder module.
Described Versatile Interface Unit comprises 3 universalization external sensor interfaces, connects infrared emission sensor, shock sensor and magneto-dependent sensor respectively; Wherein, Versatile Interface Unit comprises the interruption detection module and analog-to-digital conversion module that connect described shock sensor.
The present invention adopts a kind of bilateral bidirectional ranging algorithm Double-Sided Two-Way Ranging (SDS-TWR), obtains the time of transmitted in both directions, thus obtains nodal distance.
Described core processing unit core processor is CC2430 chip, and this chip adopts 8051 microcontroller cores of high-performance and low-power consumption, has the Resources on Chip such as RAM up to 128KB flash memory able to programme and 8KB.
In the present invention, namely monitoring node initiatively enters Low-power-consumptiodormancy dormancy pattern after having disposed, and is waken up at set intervals, pick-up transducers information by core processing unit timer internal;
Monitoring node comprises interruption arouse machine processed, interrupt arouse machine processed and comprise pin that described shock sensor is connected with external interrupt on core processing unit by generation negative edge signal, for waking monitoring node up, first analog to digital conversion ADC module (this module is that core processing unit carries) is opened after monitoring node wakes up, gather the magnitude of voltage that shock sensor analog output channel exports, during the dormancy threshold voltage threshold value that the output voltage collected when continuous a period of time sets higher than monitoring node, then demand working infrared sensor and magneto-dependent sensor power supply enter multisensor mode of operation, otherwise monitoring node enters dormant state again.
Described ranging localization unit is primarily of CSS module composition, and this module meets 802.15.4a agreement, is found range time of arrival, realize node self-localization by wireless signal.
Described communication unit adopts the Zigbee short-distance wireless communication technology of 2.4G and the automatic network-building function of network enabled.
Described Versatile Interface Unit comprises 3 universalization external sensor interfaces, each port (or passage) can reach 3 kinds of sensor signals (as common commercial sensors such as infrared emission sensor, shock sensor, magneto-dependent sensors) by flexible access, and sensor type only needs to be configured by software, interface module adopts the connector of technical grade, can repeatedly plug, the rear port be plugged is stablized.
Described power supply unit comprises lithium battery, DC-DC module, filtering circuit, under-voltage monitoring etc., mainly provides plate level power supply to ensure.
Described Versatile Interface Unit hardware comprises channel selection circuit, sensor type selection circuit and signal processing circuit.Port (or passage) for input adopts the mode of poll to process, and poll time can set according to actual conditions.Each input port (or passage) is according to the signal processing circuit after the type selecting of access sensor, and channel selecting and type selecting signal have MCU directly to control.
The present invention supports that polytype sensor accesses, and adopt unitized sensor interface engineering, there is stronger dirigibility, can according to connect sensor type, Configuration Online rear class signal conditioning circuit, thus the difference reached for monitoring target builds the effect of different sensor combinations, finally to realize effective monitoring of perimeter defense system invasion object and identification and the quick adaptation to different application scene and demand.
Beneficial effect: the present invention compared with prior art, be integrated with short-distance wireless communication technology Zigbee and meet 802.15.4a agreement TOA wireless distance finding location technology, there is high integration degree, reach modularization, high-level efficiency, the technique effect of low-power consumption, and by the unitized Interface design of innovation, greatly strengthen the dirigibility of node external sensor, can according to connect sensor type, Configuration Online rear class signal conditioning circuit, thus the difference reached for monitoring target builds the effect of different sensor combinations, final realization is to perimeter defense system invasion effective monitoring of object and identification and the quick adaptation to different application scene and demand.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the perimeter defense system application deployment schematic diagram that the present invention is based on wireless sensor network.
Fig. 2 is the hardware composition diagram of monitoring node of the present invention.
The SDS-TWR algorithm flow that Fig. 3 locates based on TOA
Fig. 4 is that Versatile Interface Unit of the present invention realizes principle.
Fig. 5 is the working strategies that monitoring node realizes low-power consumption.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and implement the invention will be further described.Should be appreciated that, concrete enforcement described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring node of wireless sensor network perimeter defense system, be made up of core processing unit, ranging localization unit, communication unit, Versatile Interface Unit and power supply unit, described core processing unit core processor is CC2430 chip, this chip adopts 8051 microcontroller cores of high-performance and low-power consumption, has the Resources on Chip such as RAM up to 128KB flash memory able to programme and 8KB.Described ranging localization unit is primarily of CSS module composition, and this module meets 802.15.4a agreement, is found range time of arrival, realize node self-localization by wireless signal.Described communication unit adopts the Zigbee short-distance wireless communication technology of 2.4G and the automatic network-building function of network enabled.Described power supply unit comprises lithium battery, DC-DC module, filtering circuit, under-voltage monitoring etc., mainly provides plate level power supply to ensure.Described Versatile Interface Unit comprises 3 universalization external sensor interfaces, each port (or passage) can reach 3 kinds of sensor signals (as common commercial sensors such as infrared emission sensor, shock sensor, magneto-dependent sensors) by flexible access, and sensor type only needs to be configured by software, interface module adopts the connector of technical grade, can repeatedly plug, the rear port be plugged is stablized.The present invention compared with prior art, reach the technique effect of modularization, high-level efficiency, low-power consumption, and by unitized Interface design, greatly strengthen the dirigibility of node external sensor, can according to connect sensor type, Configuration Online rear class signal conditioning circuit, thus the difference reached for monitoring target builds the effect of different sensor combinations, finally to realize effective monitoring of perimeter defense system invasion object and identification and the quick adaptation to different application scene and demand.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of wireless senser monitoring node device, to realize in network the access of all kinds of heterogeneous sensor, wireless networking and Monitoring Data is collected and to the quick comprehensive monitoring in perimeter protection region and the object of intrusion prevention.
A kind of monitoring node and networks converge node carrying the wireless sensor network perimeter defense system of various kinds of sensors described in the present embodiment, wirelessly networking the method coverage goal zone of protection adopting aircraft to jettisoning or manually arrange, quick formation to the monitoring of target area and protective capacities, this type systematic compare safety-protection system that the wired wire laying mode of traditional employing optical fiber, network etc. realizes compare have deployment flexibly, namely cloth and feature.
Wireless monitor node 101 described in the present embodiment, aggregation node 102 and long distance control system 103 is comprised with reference to perimeter defense system described in Fig. 1 the present embodiment.Wireless monitor node 101 realizes the access networking of all kinds of heterogeneous sensor and the aggregation node 102 sensor information of collection be sent in real time in network mainly through Zigbee communication technology; The establishment of aggregation node 102 primary responsibility Zigbee network, maintenance and management and control, receive the Monitoring Data of wireless monitor node 101 transmission that each is distributed in monitoring site and utilize data fusion means to carry out higher level data processing, by 3G network module, result being forwarded to long distance control system 103 simultaneously; Long distance control system 103 primary responsibility stores Monitoring Data and analyzes, the display providing friendly Man Machine Interface to realize monitoring result, security protection grade and Study on Trend and abnormal alarm.The present embodiment introduces the implementation method of monitoring node in this system, and other comprising modules for whole perimeter defense system and system do not launch to describe.
In the present embodiment, monitoring node 101 and aggregation node 102 adopt short-distance wireless communication technology Zigbee to set up self-organizing network, and network topology generally adopts netted or tree structure.Zigbee wireless sensor network generally comprises a Zigbee coordinator node and multiple terminal node.In the present embodiment by aggregation node 102 as coordinator node, primary responsibility starts the binding relationship etc. of network, configuration network member, maintaining network, Maintenance Point, multiple wireless monitor nodes 101 of distribution in monitored area are as the terminal node of Zigbee network, and it mainly completes sensor information collection, wireless routing communication, resolves all kinds of management and control instruction that long distance control system assigned by aggregation node 102 and perform relevant configuration operation.
With reference to Fig. 2, described monitoring node 101 comprises core processing unit 201, ranging localization unit 202, communication unit 203, Versatile Interface Unit 204 and power supply unit 205.As preferably, described core processing unit 201 adopts 18 MCU (enhancement mode 8051 kernel), there is the RAM up to 128KB flash memory able to programme and 8KB, also comprise the Resources on Chip such as park mode timer of analog-digital converter (ADC), timer (Timer), AESl28 coprocessor, WatchDog Timer, 32kHz crystal oscillator.
Described ranging localization unit 202 is primarily of CSS module composition, and this module meets 802.15.4a agreement, is found range time of arrival, realize node self-localization by wireless signal.As preferably, described range cells 202 adopts nanoPAN5375 radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module.
Described ranging localization unit 202 adopts a kind of measuring method of bilateral bidirectional ranging algorithm Double-Sided Two-Way Ranging (SDS-TWR), obtains the time of transmitted in both directions, thus obtains nodal distance.
With reference to Fig. 3, described in the present embodiment, location algorithm main flow is as follows: in order to realize the range finding between node A and Node B, first node A sends a ranging data bag to Node B, when Node-B receiver is to the ranging data bag of the A from node, send one at once node A and confirm bag, after node A receives the confirmation bag that Node B sends it back, just complete first time bidirectional ranging, obtain the data processing delay time T2 of propagation delay time T1 from node A to Node B and Node B.And then, Node B sends a ranging data bag equally to node A, after node A receives this ranging data bag, returns one at once and confirms bag, thus complete second time bidirectional ranging.Final node B sends node A to the result of the bilateral range finding of second time, thus node A obtains the data processing time delay T4 from Node B to the propagation delay time T3 of node A and node A.Utilize T1, T2, T3 and T4, the one-way transmission time T of node A to Node B can be obtained.
The distance-finding method of described SDS-TWR technology requires that first time and second time bidirectional ranging all must be successfully completed, and like this by the symmetry of bilateral range finding, eliminates clock drift brought error asynchronous with nodal clock, improves distance accuracy.
Described communication unit 203 mainly adopts short-distance wireless communication Zigbee module, communicates and bear the access networking of all kinds of heterogeneous sensor and the sensor information of collection be sent in real time the function of the aggregation node 102 in network with other monitoring nodes 101.As preferably, described Zigbee communication module adopts the CC2430 chip of Ti, and described CC2430 chip incorporates ZigBee radio frequency (RF) front end, internal memory and microcontroller on a single chip.Owing to employing Highgrade integration technology, not only simplify circuit design process, little peripheral components only need be used just to realize complicated radio communication function, significantly reduce risk of error and shorten the hardware and software development cycle.
Described Versatile Interface Unit 204 is the passage of the external connecting sensor of monitoring node and exports control channel, must take into full account its versatility.Versatile Interface Unit 204 described in the present embodiment comprises 3 universalization external sensor interfaces, possesses analog input interface, digital-quantity input interface and multiple intelligent sensor interface (as I2C, UART, SPI interface etc.), can compatible multiple commercial sensor, facilitate different application scenarios and demand.
With reference to Fig. 4, it is as follows that Versatile Interface Unit described in the present embodiment realizes principle: described Versatile Interface Unit 204 is divided into three parts on hardware: channel selection circuit 401, sensor type selection circuit 402 and signal processing circuit 403.Described channel selection circuit 401, sensor type selection circuit 402 all adopt multiselect one analog switch.Described signal conditioning circuit 403 comprises 0-10V modulate circuit, digital interface circuits such as 4-20MA modulate circuit and IIC, SPI etc.Described core processing unit 201 adopts the mode of poll to process for the port (or passage) of input, and poll time can set according to actual conditions.Each input port (or passage) is according to the signal processing circuit after the type selecting of access sensor, and channel selecting and type selecting signal are all directly controlled by core processing unit 201, need not be selected by wire jumper.The present embodiment designs each port (or passage) can reach 3 kinds of sensor signals by flexible access, and sensor type only needs to be configured by software, simple to operate, flexible configuration.Interface module adopts the connector of technical grade, can repeatedly plug, and the rear port be plugged is stablized.By unitized Interface design, enhance the dirigibility of node external equipment, application system can be formed rapidly.
Road is selected to be integrated together with signal conditioning circuit by the present embodiment, and realizes the software merit rating of core processor control by analog switch, eliminates the problem that legacy interface unit needs human configuration wire jumper to select
The Versatile Interface Unit working strategies of described monitoring node adopts a kind of active dormancy add and interrupt the working mechanism that wakes up, for the present embodiment, monitoring node sensor interface mainly achieves the sensor access of three types: shock sensor, magneto-dependent sensor and infrared sensor, wherein shock sensor has two paths of signals to export, the external interrupt that one road output digit signals is directly connected to monitoring node Versatile Interface Unit input end detects interface, and another road outputting analog signal is also connected with the analog to digital conversion ADC interface of processing unit.Three kinds of working sensor power supplys that monitoring node carries all take from node itself, but in order to reduce power consumption as far as possible, only having the power supply of shock sensor to be in on-state at ordinary times and namely only having shock sensor to be in mode of operation, the equal access failure power supply of all the other sensors.Adopt a kind of active dormancy to add in the present embodiment and interrupt the operating mechanism waken up, namely the monitoring node most of the time is in the park mode of low-power consumption, and can be waken up by two class events.A kind of wake-up mode is waken up by timer internal at set intervals and is wirelessly sent to other nodes in network again after connecting the data of each working sensor power supply read sensor, another kind of wake-up mode is, when there being target to enter monitored area, generation negative edge signal is used for waking node up by the pin that the shock sensor that monitoring node carries is connected with external interrupt on core processing unit, first the magnitude of voltage that ADC module acquires shock sensor analog output channel exports is opened after monitoring node wakes up, during the dormancy threshold voltage threshold value that the output voltage collected when continuous a period of time sets higher than monitoring node, then other sensors of demand working (infrared sensor and magneto-dependent sensor) power supply enters multisensor mode of operation, otherwise monitoring node enters dormant state again.This node initiatively dormancy adds the life span that the operating mechanism interrupting waking up effectively can also save system energy consumption, raising system while guarantee intrusion target is reliably monitored.
Described power supply unit 205 comprises lithium battery, DC-DC module, filtering circuit, under-voltage monitoring etc., completes plate level power supply and ensures.
The invention provides a kind of monitoring node of wireless sensor network perimeter defense system; the method and access of this technical scheme of specific implementation is a lot; the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.The all available prior art of each ingredient not clear and definite in the present embodiment is realized.
Claims (5)
1. a monitoring node for wireless sensor network perimeter defense system, is characterized in that: comprise core processing unit, connects ranging localization unit, communication unit, Versatile Interface Unit and power supply unit respectively in core processing unit periphery; Described core processing unit core processor is CC2430 chip, and described communication unit adopts the Zigbee short-distance wireless communication chip of 2.4G, and described ranging localization unit comprises CSS range finder module.
2. the monitoring node of a kind of wireless sensor network perimeter defense system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Versatile Interface Unit comprises 3 universalization external sensor interfaces, connect infrared emission sensor, shock sensor and magneto-dependent sensor respectively; Wherein, Versatile Interface Unit comprises the interruption detection module and analog-to-digital conversion module that connect described shock sensor.
3. the monitoring node of a kind of wireless sensor network perimeter defense system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: namely monitoring node initiatively enters Low-power-consumptiodormancy dormancy pattern after having disposed, waken up by core processing unit timer internal at set intervals, pick-up transducers information;
Interrupt detection module and comprise interruption arouse machine processed, interrupt arouse machine processed to comprise the pin that described shock sensor is connected with external interrupt on core processing unit by Versatile Interface Unit and be connected, when shock sensor produces a negative edge signal, wake monitoring node up, first the analog-to-digital conversion module of general-purpose interface is opened after monitoring node wakes up, gather the magnitude of voltage that shock sensor analog output channel exports, during the dormancy threshold voltage threshold value that the output voltage collected when continuous a period of time sets higher than monitoring node, then demand working infrared sensor and magneto-dependent sensor power supply enter multisensor mode of operation, otherwise monitoring node enters dormant state again.
4. the monitoring node of wireless sensor network perimeter defense system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ranging localization module adopts and meets 802.15.4a agreement.
5. the monitoring node of wireless sensor network perimeter defense system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Versatile Interface Unit hardware comprises channel selection circuit, sensor type selection circuit and signal processing circuit.
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Application publication date: 20150225 |