CN104375867A - Method for manufacturing ISO mirror image by customizing Linux system - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing ISO mirror image by customizing Linux system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104375867A
CN104375867A CN201410685106.XA CN201410685106A CN104375867A CN 104375867 A CN104375867 A CN 104375867A CN 201410685106 A CN201410685106 A CN 201410685106A CN 104375867 A CN104375867 A CN 104375867A
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China
Prior art keywords
file
img
linux system
install
initrd
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CN201410685106.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郑磊
楚光庆
张锦辉
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Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co Ltd
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Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201410685106.XA priority Critical patent/CN104375867A/en
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for manufacturing an ISO mirror image by customizing a Linux system, which belongs to the field of installation of Linux systems and is used for customizing the Linux system according to the requirements of users, wherein the method comprises the steps of customizing start information of the Linux system, installing title information of an interface text, installing an rpm package, background picture information of a start process and the like; several major steps involved in customization are: 1. customizing and installing a master control file ks.cfg; 2. customizing a text title of the installation interface; 3. and customizing the background picture of the optical disc. The invention can timely change the user requirement at any time, and can quickly respond according to the change to re-manufacture the ISO mirror image, thereby realizing the real-time satisfaction of the user requirement.

Description

A kind of customization linux system makes ISO mirror method
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer realm, especially operating system field, be specifically related to a kind of customization linux system and make ISO mirror method.
Background technology
Realize customization linux system and make ISO mirror image, first need to understand Linux start-up course and Linux startup file, understanding analysis will be carried out to the structure of the compact disk structure of Linux release version and software package simultaneously.Power up system service load operating from main frame, the startup of Linux roughly needs to experience following process:
1, the first stage
1) load the hardware information of bios, and obtain the code name of the equipment that first starts;
2) log-on message of the bootstrap loader (lilo or grub) of the mbr of first starting outfit is read;
3) load the core information of kernel operating system, core starts to decompress, and attempts driving all hardware equipment.
Analyze this stage very necessary, even if the installation of linux system also needs the activation bit loading kernel decompress(ion) kernel, load all kinds of peripheral hardware, build the file system of a minimized Linux to perform the process of subordinate phase.
2, subordinate phase
1) core performs init program and obtains operation information;
2) init execution/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit file;
3) the plug-in module (/etc/modprobe.conf) of core is started;
4) init performs each autoexec (Scripts) run;
5) init execution/etc/rc.d/rc.local file;
6) execution/bin/login program, waits for that user logs in;
7) log in after start with shell main control system.
Popular says, it is exactly built in the first stage installation procedure running anaconda and so on the minimized Linux file system of generation by install.img that the CD of Linux is installed, and completes the installation process of linux system.In Linux installation process, subordinate phase runs anaconda and coupled system is installed preset options and completed and install system exactly.
The Linux building Base Centos Distribution issues version and simply can be divided into two kinds of modes, and the first is by installing software package that provisioning file installs Centos system in conjunction with Kickstart and the system of script to installation in conjunction with post and pre of Kickstart carries out initialized configuration; The second way is that the Linux file system generated by adding amendment install.img reaches customization kernel, adds the guide information etc. of definition in installation process.It is also relatively simple that first kind of way realizes is convenient, Kickstart has X interface tool to operate, as outline deluster dish in unwanted software bag is not installed, and add third-party rpm or tar.gz source code bag, just need the definition of the software package dependency relationship based on yum of the comps.xml furtherd investigate in repodata, and the cumulative ability of basic shell script can be had, the software package that will install and be arranged through script realize.The weak point of the relative second way is exactly or uses the system of Centos not do clear and definite issue adjustment to kernel or other parameters, so the second way is just deeply revised the relevant configuration of install.img and anaconda and is realized, to reach the linux version issued and be independently different from Base Centos Distribution.
The object that Linux based on Cenotos issues version is in order in systems in which can be quick, correctly sets up linux system environment.The mode realized, to analyze the fixing disc of Centos for starting point, grasping corresponding skills and means, sets up corresponding test environment simultaneously.
For the dvd media of centos 6, mainly relevant to the customization catalogue comprised in CD is as follows:
1) installation interface information when isolinux catalogue deposits optical disk start-up;
2) repodata catalogue wraps to RPM to install relevant Dependency Specification;
3) images catalogue includes necessary Boot Image File;
4) Packages catalogue deposits mounting software package informatin;
5) .discinfo file is the identifying information installing medium, and this file is indispensable.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention can customize linux system according to user's request, and heading message, installation rpm wrap the background picture information etc. with start-up course herein to comprise customization linux system log-on message, installation interface.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of customization linux system and make ISO mirror method, the several key steps relating to customization in the method are as follows:
1, master control file ks.cfg is installed in customization.Ks.cfg file is mainly divided into three parts:
1) system is installed and configuration;
2) self-defined installation prepares (%post--nochroot);
3) User Defined installs (%post);
Install and configuration section in system, by carrying out the setting of system for the form of option (as: language, keyboard etc.) designated parameter, and then system single step Auto-mounting can be realized; Prepare part in self-defined installation, bash grammer can be used to add corresponding scripts, the installation kit of user oneself is copied to already installed system from fixing disc; In User Defined mounting portion, can corresponding scripts be added, realize the work such as amendment of the download of file, the compiling of software package and CONFIG.SYS.Revise ks.cfg file according to user's request, thus reach the object of publishing of customized.
2, installation interface text header is customized..buildstamp file can realize customization linux system installation interface text header..buildstamp be hidden file, be arranged in initrd.img file, read when fixing disc runs.Initrd.img is compressed file, normally adopts cpio compression or LZMA compression, directly can not be modified by vim, also cannot use mount – o loop carry.Want to modify to .buildstamp file, first initrd.img must be carried out decompress(ion), then edit .buildstamp file, be revised as the word needed for us, finally again make initrd.img and replace original.
3, fixing disc background picture is customized.Grub background picture during startup is splash.jpg file, under being positioned at isolinux catalogue, can directly change this picture according to user's request, to reach the requirement of customization.In the install.img file of background picture during installation rpm bag under images catalogue, the picture of all installation processes is all present in/usr/share/anaconda/pixmaps catalogue under, the picture file revised under this catalogue according to user's request can reach the effect of customization.Install.img file is Squashfs filesystem, mount – o loop can be used to carry out carry, but its authority is Read-only after carry, want to revise background picture, must first by the Directory replicator of its carry to another catalogue, again make install.img after having revised and replace original.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) can customize linux system according to user's request, timely user's request is changed at any time, also can make response soon according to change, again produce ISO mirror image, thus achieve and meet consumers' demand in real time;
2) linux system can be customized according to enterprise-like corporation's demand of handling official business, for the enterprise-like corporation needing linux system to handle official business, its linux system function should be comprehensive as much as possible, interface is handled easily as much as possible, the rpm that the present invention just can customize needed for linux system according to real needs wraps, thus achieves service enterprise's corporate office demand quickly and easily;
3) linux system can be customized according to personal preference, for linux system fan, the linux system of customized personal can be carried out according to oneself hobby, thus reach and forever cosily meet personal preference's demand.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the making step process flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail below with reference to Fig. 1 and examples of implementation, to the present invention, how application technology means solve technical matters whereby, and the implementation procedure reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement according to this.
Embodiment: the Linux based on CentOS issues version and customizes linux system making ISO mirror image, the self-defined compressed file ufs.tar.gz of customized user, it is UFS that interface text header when starting is installed in customization, and it is image1.jpg, image2.png etc. that background picture when starting is installed in customization.
Here specifically customizes linux system to make ISO mirror image implementation step:
1, the basic software bag making and issue needed for version is installed
#yum -y install anaconda ananconda-runtime repodata createrepo mkisofs
2, establishment/disk catalogue, carry compact disc image files, and copied to/disk catalogue
# mkdir /disk
# mkdir /mnt/cdrom
// carry iso file, xxx is herein the absolute path at CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.iso file place.
# mount -t iso9660–o loop /xxx/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.iso /mnt/cdrom
# cd /mnt/cdrom
# tar -cf - . | ( cd /disk ; tar -xvpf - )。
3, rpm bag needed for copy system
# cd /disk; awk '/Installing/{print $2}' ~/install.log | xargs–i cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/{}.rpm Packages/。
4, master control file ks.cfg is installed in customization
%post --nochroot
cp -f /mnt/source/ufs.tar.gz /mnt/sysimage/
%post
cd / && tar -zxvf ufs.tar.gz && chmod +x /ufs/usr/bin/*
rm /ufs.tar.gz
cp -rf /ufs/usr/bin/* /usr/bin/
cp -rf /ufs/etc/* /etc/
sed -i "s/CentOS/UFS/g" /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
What more than intercept is the sub-fraction of ks.cfg file, with the addition of User Defined compressed file, have modified linux system start after display information, reach customization effect.
5, revise the isolinux.cfg file under isolinux catalogue, add following content:
default ks
label ks
kernel vmlinuz
append ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img。
6, installation interface text header is customized
CentOS printed words in installation process are replaced with UFS, the .buildstamp file in initrd.img file need be revised.
1) decompress(ion) initrd.img file (checking its compressed file format by file initrd.img)
A) cpio compressed format
# cd /disk/isolinux/
# cp initrd.img /tmp/initrd.img.gz
# cd /tmp
# gunzip initrd.img.gz
# mkdir initrd
# mv initrd.img initrd
# cd initrd
# cpio -ivmd < initrd.img
# rm–f initrd.img
Then revise .buildstamp file, change CentOS into UFS
B) LZMA compressed format
# cd /disk/isolinux/
# cp initrd.img /tmp/
# cd /tmp
# mkdir initrd
# mv initrd.img initrd
# cd initrd
# xz –cd initrd.img | cpio -id
# rm–f initrd.img
Then revise .buildstamp file, change CentOS into UFS
2) initrd.img file is made
# find . | cpio -c -o | xz -9 --format=lzma >../initrd.img
# cp initrd.img /disk/isolinux/。
7, background picture when starting is installed in customization
Grub background picture splash.jpg during startup is replaced with image1.jpg, background picture progress_first.png when rpm wraps is installed and replaces with image2.png.
Splash.jpg is positioned at/disk/isolinux/ catalogue under, directly replace.Progress_first.png is arranged in/disk/images/install.img image file, could need replace after its mount.
1) carry install.img image file
# mkdir /media/intall
# mount–o loop /disk/images/install.img /media/intall
# cp–ar /media/intall /tmp
Progress_first.png under/tmp/install/usr/share/anaconda/pixmaps/ catalogue is replaced with image2.png
2) install.img image file is made
# mksquashfs /tmp/anaconda /tmp/stage2.img -all-root -noF
# cp /tmp/install.img /disk/images/。
8, comps.xml is generated
Be introduced into/disk/repodata catalogue, change " *-x86_64-comps.xml " file into " comps.xml ", and alternative document is deleted.
# cd /disk/ repodata
# mv *-comps.xml comps.xml
# ls .|grep –v “comps.xml”|xargs -i rm -f {}
Then turn back to/disk root directory, just can restart to generate comps.xml file.
# cd /disk/
# createrepo -g repodata/comps.xml ./
# declare -x discinfo=`head -1 .discinfo`
# createrepo -u "media://$discinfo" -g repodata/comps.xml /disk/
Now, under comps.xml file and other files be associated are regenerated to repodata catalogue.
Attention: if you increase or delete the rpm bag of Packages catalogue newly, comps.xml file please be regenerate.
9, iso image file is generated
# cd /disk/
# mkisofs -o UFS.iso -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -R -J -v -T /disk/。
From embodiments of the invention, the present invention can by making the linux system of ISO mirror image customization oneself based on issued linux system, customizable aspect has a lot, mentioned by being not limited in the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. customize linux system and make an ISO mirror method, it is characterized in that comprising:
1) master control file ks.cfg is installed in customization;
2) installation interface text header is customized;
3) fixing disc background picture is customized.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Master control file ks.cfg is installed, refers to according to ks.cfg, the work that master control file carries out following three aspects to be installed: 1) customize linux system and install and configuration; 2) customize the self-defined installation of linux system to prepare; 3) customize linux system User Defined to install; System is installed and configuration generally writes on ks.cfg file foremost, with " %post--nochroot " for end mark; Self-defined installation prepares using " %post--nochroot " as beginning, with " %post " for end mark; User Defined is installed using " %post " as beginning; Ks.cfg master control file directly can be modified with vim, also can modify by system-config-kickstart graphical tools.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Installation interface text header control documents .buildstamp, refers to revise linux system installation interface text header according to .buildstamp control documents, thus meets the demand of user; .buildstamp file is arranged in initrd.img file, reads when fixing disc runs; Initrd.img is compressed file, normally adopts cpio compression or LZMA compression, directly can not be modified by vim, also cannot use mount – o loop carry; Want to modify to .buildstamp file, first initrd.img must be carried out decompress(ion), then again make initrd.img.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Fixing disc background picture control documents splash.jpg, install.img, refer to background picture when can revise splash.jpg and install.img file to customize linux system start-up course and install rpm bag, and then meet the demand of user; Under splash.jpg is positioned at isolinux catalogue, linux system start-up course background picture be customized, directly replace splash.jpg; Under install.img is positioned at images catalogue, Squashfs filesystem, mount – o loop can be used to carry out carry, but its authority is Read-only after carry, want to replace background picture when installing rpm bag, first by the Directory replicator of its carry to another catalogue, after having revised, again must make install.img.
CN201410685106.XA 2014-11-25 2014-11-25 Method for manufacturing ISO mirror image by customizing Linux system Pending CN104375867A (en)

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CN104866363A (en) * 2015-06-11 2015-08-26 广西一铭软件股份有限公司 One-click installation method capable of realizing operating system user definition
CN106648792A (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-10 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 Method and device for installing virtualized operating system on server
CN106980521A (en) * 2017-03-31 2017-07-25 山东超越数控电子有限公司 The method of one species Fedora system RPM bags pre-installation
CN107220147A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-09-29 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 A kind of system image preparation method and system
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CN109165023A (en) * 2018-07-20 2019-01-08 紫光华山信息技术有限公司 Modify the method, apparatus and equipment of ISO image file
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CN111651172A (en) * 2020-05-28 2020-09-11 成都安恒信息技术有限公司 Automatic generation method and system based on containerized ISO
CN112631620A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-09 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 Method, system, device and medium for manufacturing operating system
WO2021114672A1 (en) * 2019-12-13 2021-06-17 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 Method, apparatus and device for generating bare metal server linux system mirror
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CN113568628A (en) * 2021-07-16 2021-10-29 成都安恒信息技术有限公司 ISO automatic production method based on debian system
CN114443687A (en) * 2021-12-23 2022-05-06 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 Software package self-defining system and application method for constructing operating system image

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CN110806876A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-18 深圳忆联信息系统有限公司 Slitaz-based lightweight Linux system customization method, device computer equipment and storage medium
CN110806876B (en) * 2019-10-31 2023-12-05 深圳忆联信息系统有限公司 Lightweight Linux system customization method based on slit, device computer equipment and storage medium
WO2021114672A1 (en) * 2019-12-13 2021-06-17 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 Method, apparatus and device for generating bare metal server linux system mirror
CN111142888A (en) * 2019-12-29 2020-05-12 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 Server system filling method, device, equipment and computer readable storage medium
CN111651172A (en) * 2020-05-28 2020-09-11 成都安恒信息技术有限公司 Automatic generation method and system based on containerized ISO
WO2021169355A1 (en) * 2020-09-23 2021-09-02 平安科技(深圳)有限公司 Mirror image system generation method and apparatus, and device and medium
CN112631620A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-09 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 Method, system, device and medium for manufacturing operating system
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