CN104375191A - Magnetotelluric data acquisition system and method - Google Patents
Magnetotelluric data acquisition system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104375191A CN104375191A CN201410742428.3A CN201410742428A CN104375191A CN 104375191 A CN104375191 A CN 104375191A CN 201410742428 A CN201410742428 A CN 201410742428A CN 104375191 A CN104375191 A CN 104375191A
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Abstract
An embodiment of the invention provides a magnetotelluric data acquisition system comprising a data acquisition station and a broadband magnetic field sensor. The data acquisition station is capable of acquiring magnetotelluric data and high-frequency or audio magnetotelluric data in the same time; the broadband magnetic field sensor is capable of switching high and low frequencies. According to the magnetotelluric data acquisition system and method, three acquisition modes for different exploration purposes are provided. In the acquisition mode 1, high-frequency or audio magnetotelluric data is acquired; in the acquisition mode 2, at any observation point, low-frequency magnetotelluric data and high-frequency or audio magnetotelluric data are acquired in sequence, the low-frequency magnetotelluric data and the high-frequency or audio magnetotelluric data can be integrated in a broadband magnetotelluric data file; in the acquisition mode 3, the low-frequency magnetotelluric data is acquired. The magnetotelluric data acquisition system has such advantages that production cost is low, data acquisition efficiency is high, field production operations are simple and reliable, and few instruments or devices are used.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to applied geophysics Exploration Domain, be specifically related to a kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition system and acquisition method thereof.
Background technology
Magnetotelluric method (Magnetotellurie in geophysical survey, be called for short MT), coming across the fifties initial stage in last century, is that the Ka Geniade (L.Cagniard) of France and Ji flood promise husband (A.N.Tikhonov) of the Soviet Union propose.It utilizes Natural electromagnetic field as a kind of geophysical method of field source, also referred to as magnetotelluric method (TheMagnetotelluric Method).Say in a sense, can be described as the development of telluric method.When alternating electromagnetic field with the form of ripple at underground propagation time, on the interphase of different medium occur reflection and refraction action, the information of underground medium resistivity distribution can be brought.Indeed through the earth's surface horizontal electric field component E measured under various frequency
x(or E
y), with orthogonal horizontal component ofmagnetic field H
x(or H
y) ratio, thus reach the object understanding underground electrical structure.
Audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic method (Audiomagnetotelluric method is called for short AMT) is a branch of magnetotelluric method.It is the same with magnetotelluric method, utilize natural nagneto-telluric field as field source, measure the electrical parameter of subsurface rock, and reached a kind of geophysical exploration method understood tectonic structure, look for the geological target such as ore deposit, water detection, Search For Oil And Gas by the change studying geoelectric cross section.It is by observing the natural planes electromagnetic wave signal caused by long-range atmospheric electricity to descend the method for resistivity value definitely.Its frequency range measured is l0 ~ 10000 hertz, compared with magnetotelluric method, because frequency is higher, higher to the resolution of superficial part, is more suitable for shallow geological structure investigation and resource exploration.
Current field of geophysical exploration is generally gather the magnetotelluric data (hundreds of hertz to a few kilosecond even several ten thousand seconds) of low frequency and the magnetotelluric data (l0 ~ 10000 hertz) of high frequency or audio frequency respectively in same observation station, processes after then two sets of data being merged again; Also in an observation station, only can gather the magnetotelluric data of low frequency, or only gather the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency, to reduce data acquisition cost.When gathering the magnetotelluric data of the magnetotelluric data of low frequency and high frequency or audio frequency respectively in same observation station, the data acquisition system (DAS) generally needing use two kinds different is (as the V5-2000 that Canadian phoenix company produces, MTU and MTU-A instrument), also need the mt magnetic field sensor (the AMTC-30 bar magnet as Canadian phoenix company) of the geomagnetic field data and high frequency or audio frequency using the mt magnetic field sensor of low frequency (MTC-50 or the MTC-80H bar magnet as Canadian phoenix company) to gather low frequency respectively to gather the geomagnetic field data of high frequency or audio frequency simultaneously.The acquisition mode of this traditional point magnetotelluric data of extracting, gathering low frequency and the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency, magnetic field sensor must be changed during field operation, sometimes also need to change data acquisition instrument, field operation is complicated, efficiency is low, cost is high, greatly constrains the development that high-efficiency and low-cost gathers wideband magnetotelluric data technology.In addition, inventor also finds in practice process, because a large amount of magnetotelluric system for petroleum prospecting and deep-level rockburst detection often adopts a quasi-instrument, cause when being applied to petroleum prospecting and cause Information Monitoring redundancy and waste, namely when gathering low frequency magnetotelluric data, low frequency acquisition time is oversize, acquisition time accounts for mostly, cause production efficiency low, and low-frequency information is not used, the degree of depth of this part frequency reflection is often greater than 10km; And when being applied to infrastructure exploration, redundancy being existed again for the high-frequency information gathered, the high committed memory that causes of sampling rate is large, affect long acquired data storage, and HFS Frequency point is many, and reflection deep frequency is few.
Summary of the invention
The object of the embodiment of the present invention is to solve in prior art needs the different data acquisition system (DAS) of use two kinds to gather the technical matters of the magnetotelluric data of low frequency and the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency respectively, provides a kind of acquisition system and the acquisition method thereof that can gather wideband magnetotelluric data in same observation station.
The technical scheme of a kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition system that the embodiment of the present invention provides is as follows:
A kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition system, comprise magnetotelluric data acquisition station, magnetic field sensor and electric-field sensor, described magnetic field sensor is connected with described magnetotelluric data acquisition station with described electric-field sensor, it is characterized in that, described magnetic field sensor is the wideband magnetic field sensor that frequency response scope covers low frequency geomagnetic field and high frequency or audio frequency geomagnetic field frequency band range simultaneously.
Described wideband magnetic field sensor comprises low frequency magnetic field sensor and high frequency or audio frequency magnetic field sensor, and alternately switching between described low frequency magnetic field sensor and described high frequency or audio frequency magnetic field sensor is controlled by electronic switch.Described magnetotelluric data acquisition station comprises electric field data acquisition channel and magnetic field data acquisition channel, described electric field data acquisition channel alternately switches between low frequency telluric electricity field and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric field, and described magnetic field data acquisition channel alternately switches between low frequency geomagnetic field and high frequency or audio frequency geomagnetic field.Described electric field data acquisition channel and described magnetic field data acquisition channel comprise Low-frequency Modes number converter and high frequency analog to digital converter, and alternately switching between described Low-frequency Modes number converter and described high frequency analog to digital converter is controlled by electronic switch.
Preferably, the electronic switch timed delivery of the electronic switch of described electric field data acquisition channel, the electronic switch of described magnetic field data acquisition channel and described wideband magnetic field sensor is for switching.
Preferably, described acquisition system has 3 kinds of acquisition modes, and acquisition mode 1 gathers high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data, and acquisition mode 2 acquisition order low frequency magnetotelluric data and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data, acquisition mode 3 gathers low frequency magnetotelluric data.When described acquisition mode 2, low frequency magnetotelluric data and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data are incorporated in a wideband magnetotelluric data file by described acquisition system.
The technical scheme of a kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition method that the embodiment of the present invention provides is as follows:
A kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition method, it is characterized in that, described acquisition method comprises:
Determine acquisition time, acquisition mode and acquisition parameter;
Determine geographic coordinate and data writing times of observation station;
Gather telluric electricity field data with electric-field sensor, gather geomagnetic field data with wideband magnetic field sensor;
The described telluric electricity field data collected and described geomagnetic field data are processed and explained.
A kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition system that the embodiment of the present invention provides and acquisition method thereof in an arbitrary observation station, can gather the magnetotelluric data of low frequency and the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency, namely gather wideband magnetotelluric data.The advantages such as the instrument and equipment that described magnetotelluric data acquisition system has that production cost is low, data acquisition efficiency is high, field production operation is simple and reliable, use is few, have a wide range of applications in the field such as exploration of the investigation of study on geological tectonics, underground water and geothermal energy resources, mineral resources and petroleum and natural gas resource.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention magnetotelluric data acquisition system structural representation;
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention magnetotelluric data acquisition station structural representation;
Fig. 3 is arbitrary magnetic field channel architecture schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention magnetotelluric data acquisition station;
Fig. 3 a is arbitrary magnetic field sensor functional schematic of embodiment of the present invention magnetotelluric data acquisition system;
Fig. 4 is arbitrary electric field channel structural representation of embodiment of the present invention magnetotelluric data acquisition station;
Fig. 5 is embodiment of the present invention magnetotelluric data acquisition method process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Technical scheme in the application is understood better in order to make those skilled in the art person, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all should belong to the scope of the application's protection.
For enabling above-mentioned purpose, the feature and advantage of the application more become apparent, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the application is described in further detail.
In the following description, the frequency range of low frequency magnetotelluric data is 0.00001 ~ 300 hertz; The frequency range of high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data is 10 ~ 10000 hertz; Wideband magnetotelluric data includes low frequency mt (MT) data and high frequency or audio magnetotelluric method (AMT) data, and frequency range is 0.00001 ~ 10000 hertz.
As Fig. 1, the figure shows a kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition system of the embodiment of the present invention, comprise a magnetotelluric data acquisition station 1, GPS receiving antenna 2, wireless data transmission/reception antennas 3, electric-field sensor 4,5,6 and 7, magnetic field sensor 9,10 and 11, ground-electrode 8.Magnetotelluric data acquisition station 1 can gather the magnetotelluric data of low frequency and the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency, namely this magnetotelluric data acquisition station can not only gather the magnetotelluric data of low frequency, can also gather the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency.Receiving the electric-field sensor of electric field signal is that two groups of orthogonal horizontal electrodes (use E to 4,5
xrepresent) and 6,7 (use E
yrepresent), for recording two component electrical field data of nagneto-telluric field, two groups of orthogonal horizontal electrodes are to being connected on data acquisition station 1 simultaneously, and the electric field data recorded can be the telluric electricity field data of low frequency, can also be the telluric electricity field data of high frequency or audio frequency.Magnetic field sensor 9 (uses H
zrepresent), 10 (use H
xrepresent), 11 (use H
yrepresent) be the wideband magnetic field sensor that 3 frequency response scopes can cover the geomagnetic field of low frequency and the geomagnetic field frequency band range of high frequency or audio frequency simultaneously, namely wideband magnetic field sensor not only can be used for measuring the geomagnetic field data of low frequency, can also be used to the geomagnetic field data measuring high frequency or audio frequency, 3 wideband magnetic field sensors are connected on data acquisition station 1 simultaneously, for recording the three-component magnetic field data of nagneto-telluric field.Ground-electrode 8 is for ground connection.GPS receiving antenna 2 is for determining geographic coordinate and data writing times of observation station.Wireless data transmission/reception antennas 3 is for the acquisition mode of setting data acquisition station 1, acquisition time and acquisition parameter, and the duty of monitoring magnetotelluric data acquisition system in real time.Preferably, described wideband magnetic field sensor is induction type magnetic field sensor or fluxgate type magnetic field sensor, the quantity of described wideband magnetic field sensor also can be 1,2 or 3, for recording a component of nagneto-telluric field, two components or 3 component magnetic field data respectively; Electric-field sensor also can be three groups of orthogonal horizontal electrodes pair, and for recording the three-component electric field data of nagneto-telluric field, three groups of orthogonal horizontal electrodes are to being connected on data acquisition station 1 simultaneously.
As Fig. 2, the figure shows the functional structure chart of data acquisition station 1.Data acquisition station 1 comprises electric field data acquisition channel, magnetic field data acquisition channel, master controller, acquisition software and data storage cell.The electric field data that electric field data acquisition channel collects by master controller and the magnetic field data that magnetic field data acquisition channel collects are stored in data storage cell.Acquisition software comprises User Interface and guidance panel, and system operators arranges acquisition mode and the acquisition time of magnetotelluric data acquisition system by guidance panel, and master controller performs the acquisition mode and acquisition time that arrange.Acquisition mode is arranged by the object of system operators according to exploration project before collecting work starts, acquisition software has three kinds of acquisition modes, 1 mode is set to shallow layer exploration, gather the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency, sampling rate is high, the high-frequency data of main acquisition more than 10Hz, acquisition time is 2 hours; 2 modes are set to petroleum prospecting, the magnetotelluric data of the magnetotelluric data of acquisition order low frequency and high frequency or audio frequency, namely the magnetotelluric data of low frequency is first gathered, again by the magnetotelluric data gathering high frequency or audio frequency compared with high sampling rate, the wideband magnetotelluric data of main acquisition more than 0.001Hz, acquisition time is 8 ~ 12 hours; Be set to 3 modes to infrastructure, gather the magnetotelluric data of low frequency, main acquisition is low to moderate 10
-5the data of Hz, acquisition time is more than 5 days.The acquisition time of general low frequency Magnetotelluric signal is approximately 5 ~ 10 times of high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic signal acquisition time.When acquisition mode is set to 2 mode, arranged by programming in advance, the magnetotelluric data of low frequency in acquisition software reading data storage cell and the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency, through computing and process, these data are incorporated in a wideband magnetotelluric data file by acquisition software again, and these instructions have all been come by master controller.Owing to there being the data of a bit of repetition between the front end of low frequency magnetotelluric data and the low frequency end of high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data, namely the frequency of a bit of repetition is had between two frequency ranges, the process of described computing and process is using the data as this frequency range after the data repeating frequency range are averaged, and is merged into a wideband magnetotelluric data file with other low frequency together with high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data.Acquisition time by system operators according to the signal characteristic of the actual nagneto-telluric field of observation station and noise level, by once or after for several times acquisition test work just deciding.Acquisition mode and acquisition time directly can select the acquisition mode and acquisition time that have set in systems in which in advance, also directly can arrange on the guidance panel of acquisition software, the mode such as Wi-Fi and bluetooth can also be used the acquisition mode of setting of programming in remote terminal and acquisition time to be input in magnetotelluric data acquisition system.Preferably, magnetotelluric data acquisition system can have 2 or 3 electric field data acquisition channels and 3 magnetic field data acquisition channels; Corresponding, when having 2 electric field data acquisition channels and 3 magnetic field data acquisition channels, magnetotelluric data acquisition system is 5 passage electromagnetic data acquisition systems, when having 3 electric field data acquisition channels and 3 magnetic field data acquisition channels, magnetotelluric data acquisition system is 6 passage electromagnetic data acquisition systems; Corresponding, data storage cell is made up of the storage card of 5 or 6 64GB capacity, for each Electric and magnetic fields data acquisition channel, have the storage card of 1 64GB capacity to be attached thereto to connect, the magnetotelluric data of the magnetotelluric data of the low frequency collected and high frequency or audio frequency is stored on the storage card of the 64GB capacity on each data acquisition channel plate by master controller.The preferred notebook computer of remote terminal or palm PC.
Fig. 3 shows arbitrary magnetic field passage line schematic diagram of data acquisition station 1, and Fig. 4 shows arbitrary electric field channel line schematic diagram of data acquisition station 1.The input end of each electric field or magnetic field data acquisition channel has the prime amplifier 13 of a low noise, the output terminal of prime amplifier 13 is connected to the modulus switching device 16,17 of two different frequencies simultaneously, wherein 16 is low frequency modulus switching devices, for gathering the magnetotelluric data of low frequency; 17 is high frequency modulus switching devices, and for gathering the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency, the output terminal of modulus switching device 16,17 is connected with the storage card 18 of the 64GB capacity of the data storage cell of data acquisition station 1.Automatically alternately switching between the modulus switching device of two kinds of different frequencies is controlled by the electronic switch 14,15 of data acquisition station 1.Preferably, low frequency modulus switching device 16 is the analog to digital converter of 32 4000 hertz, and high frequency modulus switching device 17 is the analog to digital converter of 24 more than 50000 hertz.As shown in Figure 3, wideband magnetic field sensor 12 is connected with prime amplifier 13, the geomagnetic field signal that wideband magnetic field sensor 12 measures enters into low frequency modulus switching device 16 or high frequency modulus switching device 17 successively by the output terminal of prime amplifier 13, is finally stored on the storage card 18 of 64GB capacity.Wideband magnetic field sensor 12 can be wideband magnetic field sensor 9 in Fig. 1 magnetotelluric data acquisition system, 10, any one in 11, and the frequency response scope of wideband magnetic field sensor 12 alternately can switch between the frequency band range of the geomagnetic field of the geomagnetic field of low frequency and high frequency or audio frequency, namely the frequency response scope of wideband magnetic field sensor 12 has 2 patterns, the frequency response scope of pattern 1 covers the geomagnetic field of low frequency, the frequency response scope of pattern 2 covers the geomagnetic field of high frequency or audio frequency, wideband magnetic field sensor 12 can replace switching between pattern 1 and pattern 2.As shown in Figure 4, non-polarizing electrode is connected with prime amplifier 13 to 19,20, non-polarizing electrode enters into low frequency modulus switching device 16 or high frequency modulus switching device 17 to 19, the 20 telluric electricity field signals measured successively by the output terminal of prime amplifier 13, is finally stored on the storage card 18 of 64GB capacity.Fig. 3 a shows the functional structure chart (the link position relation between inductive coil) of wideband magnetic field sensor 12.Wideband magnetic field sensor 12 comprises a low frequency magnetic field sensor 21 and a high frequency magnetic field sensor 22, and the inductive coil of low frequency magnetic field sensor 21 and the inductive coil of high frequency magnetic field sensor 22 are wound on same magnetic core (not illustrating in the drawings) jointly.Automatically alternately switching between the inductive coil of the magnetic field sensor of two different frequencies is controlled by the electronic switch 23 of data acquisition station 1.Low frequency magnetic field sensor 21 and high frequency magnetic field sensor 22 are encapsulated as a bar magnet (magnetic field sensor), and the low frequency magnetic field sensor 21 of wideband magnetic field sensor 12 and high frequency magnetic field sensor 22 encapsulate rear shared data and power supply source line interface (joint).Electronic switch 23 and the control of electronic switch 14,15 by the synchronous data acquisition software preset of master controller, realize timed delivery for switching, the timed delivery namely between the electronic switch synchro control Low-frequency Modes number converter 16 of magnetotelluric data acquisition system and high frequency analog to digital converter 17 and between low frequency magnetic field sensor 21 and high frequency magnetic field sensor 22 is for switching.Namely, when data acquisition station 1 gathers the magnetotelluric data of low frequency, all Electric and magnetic fields data acquisition channels connect low frequency modulus switching device 16 and the low frequency magnetic field sensor 21 of 32 4000 hertz automatically; When data acquisition station 1 gathers the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency, all Electric and magnetic fields data acquisition channels connect high frequency modulus switching device 17 and the high frequency magnetic field sensor 22 of 24 more than 50000 hertz automatically.Preferably, electronic switch 14,15 and 23 is programmable electronic switch, is realized by software control, also can be realized by software timing control hardware switch.
Because the low frequency induction coil of wideband magnetic field sensor 12 and radio-frequency induction coil are wound on same magnetic core jointly, low frequency magnetic field sensor 21 and high frequency magnetic field sensor 22 are encapsulated as a bar magnet (magnetic field sensor), share data and power supply source line interface (joint), and the switching between two inductive coils is controlled automatically by electronic switch.Therefore the manufacturing cost of wideband magnetic field sensor 12 reduces, and obtain in the functional reliability of collection site and improve, and then the data acquisition efficiency of the magnetotelluric data acquisition system of the embodiment of the present application is greatly improved, reduce the cost of data acquisition equipment simultaneously.
The magnetotelluric data acquisition system course of work of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
Before collecting work starts, need acquisition time, acquisition mode, the acquisition parameter of determining magnetotelluric data acquisition system.Magnetotelluric data acquisition system is when arbitrary observation station gathers the magnetotelluric data of the magnetotelluric data of low frequency and high frequency or audio frequency, required acquisition time by system operators according to the signal characteristic of the actual nagneto-telluric field of observation station and noise level, by once or after acquisition test work for several times deciding, and programming setting before data collection task starts.Acquisition mode is arranged according to the object of exploration project by operating personnel before data collection task starts.Acquisition parameter comprise the three-dimensional geographic coordinate of observation station, magnetic field and electric field channel number, the position angle of magnetic field and electric field, the stake resistance of electric field channel, the model of each magnetic field sensor and sequence number, the demarcation file name of each magnetic field sensor, low frequency Magnetotelluric signal and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic signal concrete collection initial time and gather the features such as interference source near duration, weather condition, surface temperature and observation station; Acquisition parameter is determined at the scene by the actual conditions of system operators according to observation station, and is arranged by wireless data transmission/reception antennas 3 with remote terminal.
Before collecting work starts, also need first to carry out initialization and self-inspection to system, ensure that each module, each data channel, often pair of electric-field sensor and each magnetic field sensor are working properly, then arrange or input pre-designed acquisition mode, acquisition time and acquisition parameter, finally could start data collection task.
When utilizing magnetotelluric data acquisition system image data as shown in Figure 1, geographic coordinate and data writing times of data observation point is determined, by the duty of by the acquisition parameter of wireless data transmission/reception antennas 3 setting data the acquisition station 1 and real-time monitoring magnetotelluric data acquisition system of remote terminal with GPS receiving antenna 2; The duty of magnetotelluric data acquisition system has 3 kinds: the low frequency Magnetotelluric signal only gathering fixing duration; Only gather high frequency or the audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic signal of fixing duration; Acquisition order fixes the low frequency Magnetotelluric signal of duration and the high frequency of fixing duration or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic signal.Wireless data transmission/reception antennas 3 can be set to Wi-Fi or bluetooth mode.Near data acquisition station 1, two groups or three groups of mutually orthogonal horizontal electrodes pair are settled in ground, for recording two components or the three-component electric field data of nagneto-telluric field; Near acquisition station, ground settles 1 ~ 3 frequency response scope can cover the wideband magnetic field sensor of the geomagnetic field of low frequency and the geomagnetic field frequency band range of high frequency or audio frequency mutually orthogonally simultaneously, in order to record 1 ~ 3 component magnetic field data of nagneto-telluric field; By ground-electrode 8 ground connection.Magnetotelluric data acquisition system, according to set acquisition time, acquisition mode and acquisition parameter, automatically gathers and preserves the magnetotelluric data of the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency, the magnetotelluric data of low frequency or wideband.
The magnetotelluric data acquisition system of the embodiment of the present invention, in same observation station, the magnetotelluric data of low frequency and the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency can be gathered, namely wideband magnetotelluric data is gathered, do not need to change magnetic field sensor and data acquisition station, thus there is the advantages such as production cost is low, field production operation is simple and reliable, the instrument and equipment of use is few.The magnetotelluric data acquisition system of the embodiment of the present invention selectively can also arrange acquisition mode according to the object of different exploration project, improve the specific aim and data validity that gather magnetotelluric data, reduce the acquisition time of unnecessary data, improve production efficiency.Finally, the low frequency magnetotelluric data collected and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data can be incorporated in a wideband magnetotelluric data file by the magnetotelluric data acquisition system of the embodiment of the present invention automatically, the editor of wideband magnetotelluric data, pre-service, denoising, time domain is all carried out to the conversion of frequency field in same data file, do not need the work for the treatment of carrying out low frequency magnetotelluric data and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data two sets of data respectively, thus data processing work is greatly simplified, can the deep layer electrical parameter of the high-resolution shallow-layer of disposable acquisition subsurface rock and conventional resolution and electrical section to the inversion procedure of this wideband magnetotelluric data.
The embodiment of the present invention also proposes a kind of acquisition method using described magnetotelluric data system acquisition magnetotelluric data, and as shown in Figure 5, the method is carried out according to following steps:
Step S501: determine acquisition time, acquisition mode and acquisition parameter;
Acquisition time, by once or after acquisition test work for several times deciding and is set according to the signal characteristic of the actual nagneto-telluric field of observation station and noise level by operating personnel before data collection task starts.
Acquisition mode is arranged according to the object of exploration project by operating personnel before collecting work starts.Acquisition mode can have 3 kinds, is set to 1 mode to shallow layer exploration, and gather the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency, sampling rate is high, the main high-frequency data obtaining more than 10Hz, and acquisition time is 2 hours; 2 modes are set to petroleum prospecting, the magnetotelluric data of property acquisition order low frequency and the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio frequency, namely the magnetotelluric data of low frequency is first gathered, again by the magnetotelluric data gathering high frequency or audio frequency compared with high sampling rate, the wideband magnetotelluric data of main acquisition more than 0.001Hz, acquisition time is 8 ~ 12 hours; Be set to 3 modes to infrastructure, gather the magnetotelluric data of low frequency, main acquisition is low to moderate 10
-5the data of Hz, acquisition time is more than 5 days.The acquisition time of general low frequency Magnetotelluric signal is approximately 5 ~ 10 times of high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic signal acquisition time.
Acquisition parameter comprise the three-dimensional geographic coordinate of observation station, magnetic field and electric field channel number, the position angle of magnetic field and electric field, the stake resistance of electric field channel, the model of each magnetic field sensor and sequence number, the demarcation file name of each magnetic field sensor, low frequency Magnetotelluric signal and audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic signal concrete collection initial time and gather the features such as interference source near duration, weather condition, surface temperature and observation station.Acquisition parameter is determined according to the actual conditions of observation station at the scene by operating personnel, and is arranged by wireless data transmission/reception antennas with remote terminal.
Acquisition mode and acquisition time directly can select the acquisition mode and acquisition time that have set in magnetotelluric data system in advance, also directly can arrange on the guidance panel of acquisition software, the mode such as Wi-Fi and bluetooth can also be used the acquisition mode of setting of programming in remote terminal and acquisition time to be input in magnetotelluric data acquisition system.
Step S502: geographic coordinate and the data writing times of determining observation station;
With the geographic coordinate of GPS receiving antenna determination observation station and the time of data record.
Step S503: gather telluric electricity field data with electric-field sensor, gathers geomagnetic field data with wideband magnetic field sensor;
Electric-field sensor can be two groups or three groups of mutually orthogonal horizontal electrodes pair, for recording nagneto-telluric field two component or three-component electric field data, the electric field data recorded can be the telluric electricity field data of low frequency, can also be the telluric electricity field data of high frequency or audio frequency.Wideband magnetic field sensor can be 1 ~ 3 wideband magnetic field sensor of mutually orthogonal placement, for recording the magnetic field data of nagneto-telluric field 1 ~ 3 component.
The frequency response scope of wideband magnetic field sensor can cover the mt of low frequency and the mt frequency band range of high frequency or audio frequency simultaneously.Namely described wideband magnetic field sensor not only can be used for measuring the geomagnetic field data of low frequency, can also be used to the geomagnetic field data measuring high frequency or audio frequency.Described wideband magnetic field sensor comprises low frequency magnetic field sensor and high frequency magnetic field sensor, the inductive coil of the low frequency magnetic field sensor of described wideband magnetic field sensor and the inductive coil of high frequency or audio frequency magnetic field sensor are wound on same magnetic core jointly, the low frequency magnetic field sensor of described wideband magnetic field sensor and high frequency or audio frequency magnetic field sensor package are a bar magnet (magnetic field sensor), data and power supply source line interface (joint) is shared after the low frequency magnetic field sensor of described wideband magnetic field sensor and high frequency or audio frequency magnetic field sensor package, automatically alternately switching between the magnetic field sensor of two different frequencies is controlled by the software of magnetotelluric data acquisition system and electronic switch.
In gatherer process, by the duty of remote terminal by wireless data transmission/reception antennas real time monitoring magnetotelluric data acquisition system.
Step S504: magnetotelluric data is processed and explains.
When acquisition mode is set to 2 mode, owing to there being the data of a bit of repetition between the front end of low frequency magnetotelluric data and the low frequency end of high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data, namely the frequency of a bit of repetition is had between two frequency ranges, magnetotelluric data acquisition system using repeat the data of frequency range average after as the data of this frequency range, and be merged into a wideband magnetotelluric data file with other low frequency together with high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data.
Can the deep layer electrical parameter of the high-resolution shallow-layer of disposable acquisition subsurface rock and conventional resolution and electrical section to the inversion procedure of high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data, low frequency magnetotelluric data or wideband magnetotelluric data.
Those skilled in the art can also recognize the various illustrative components, blocks (illustrativelogical block) that the embodiment of the present invention is listed, unit, and step can pass through electronic hardware, computer software, or both combinations realize.For the replaceability (interchangeability) of clear displaying hardware and software, above-mentioned various illustrative components (illustrativecomponents), unit and step have universally described their function.Such function is the designing requirement realizing depending on specific application and whole system by hardware or software.Those skilled in the art for often kind of specifically application, can use the function described in the realization of various method, but this realization can should not be understood to the scope exceeding embodiment of the present invention protection.
Various illustrative logical block described in the embodiment of the present invention, or unit can pass through general processor, digital signal processor, special IC (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or the design of above-mentioned any combination realizes or operates described function.General processor can be microprocessor, and alternatively, this general processor also can be any traditional processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine.Processor also can be realized by the combination of calculation element, such as digital signal processor and microprocessor, multi-microprocessor, and a Digital Signal Processor Core combined by one or more microprocessor, or other similar configuration any realizes.
The software module that method described in the embodiment of the present invention or the step of algorithm directly can embed hardware, processor performs or the combination of both.Software module can be stored in the storage medium of other arbitrary form in RAM storer, flash memory, ROM storer, eprom memory, eeprom memory, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or this area.Exemplarily, storage medium can be connected with processor, with make processor can from storage medium reading information, and write information can be deposited to storage medium.Alternatively, storage medium can also be integrated in processor.Processor and storage medium can be arranged in ASIC, and ASIC can be arranged in user terminal.Alternatively, processor and storage medium also can be arranged in the different parts in user terminal.
In one or more exemplary design, the above-mentioned functions described by the embodiment of the present invention can realize in the combination in any of hardware, software, firmware or this three.If realized in software, these functions can store on the medium with computer-readable, or are transmitted on the medium of computer-readable with one or more instruction or code form.Computer readable medium comprises computer storage medium and is convenient to make to allow computer program transfer to the telecommunication media in other place from a place.Storage medium can be that any general or special computer can the useable medium of access.Such as, such computer readable media can include but not limited to RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or other anyly may be used for carrying or store the medium that can be read the program code of form with instruction or data structure and other by general or special computer or general or special processor.In addition, any connection can be properly termed computer readable medium, such as, if software is by a concentric cable, fiber optic cables, twisted-pair feeder, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) or being also comprised in defined computer readable medium with wireless way for transmittings such as such as infrared, wireless and microwaves from a web-site, server or other remote resource.Described video disc (disk) and disk (disc) comprise Zip disk, radium-shine dish, CD, DVD, floppy disk and Blu-ray Disc, and disk is usually with magnetic duplication data, and video disc carries out optical reproduction data with laser usually.Above-mentioned combination also can be included in computer readable medium.
Above-described embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; the protection domain be not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. a magnetotelluric data acquisition system, comprise magnetotelluric data acquisition station, magnetic field sensor and electric-field sensor, described magnetic field sensor is connected with described magnetotelluric data acquisition station with described electric-field sensor, it is characterized in that, described magnetic field sensor is the wideband magnetic field sensor that frequency response scope covers low frequency geomagnetic field and high frequency or audio frequency geomagnetic field frequency band range simultaneously.
2. acquisition system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described wideband magnetic field sensor comprises low frequency magnetic field sensor and high frequency or audio frequency magnetic field sensor, and alternately switching between described low frequency magnetic field sensor and described high frequency or audio frequency magnetic field sensor is controlled by the first electronic switch.
3. acquisition system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the inductive coil of the inductive coil of described low frequency magnetic field sensor and the inductive coil of described high frequency magnetic field sensor or described audio frequency magnetic field sensor is wound on a magnetic core.
4. acquisition system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, alternately switching between the inductive coil of the inductive coil of described low frequency magnetic field sensor and the inductive coil of described high frequency magnetic field sensor or described audio frequency magnetic field sensor is controlled by the first electronic switch.
5. acquisition system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the frequency response scope of described wideband magnetic field sensor is 0.00001Hz ~ 10000Hz.
6. acquisition system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described magnetotelluric data acquisition station comprises electric field data acquisition channel and magnetic field data acquisition channel, described electric field data acquisition channel alternately switches between low frequency telluric electricity field and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric field, and described magnetic field data acquisition channel alternately switches between low frequency geomagnetic field and high frequency or audio frequency geomagnetic field.
7. acquisition system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described electric field data acquisition channel and described magnetic field data acquisition channel comprise Low-frequency Modes number converter and high frequency analog to digital converter, alternately switching between the Low-frequency Modes number converter of described electric field data acquisition channel and high frequency analog to digital converter is controlled by the second electronic switch, and alternately switching between the Low-frequency Modes number converter of described magnetic field data acquisition channel and high frequency analog to digital converter is controlled by the 3rd electronic switch.
8. acquisition system as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described first electronic switch, described second electronic switch and described 3rd electronic switch timed delivery are for switching.
9. acquisition system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described acquisition system has 3 kinds of acquisition modes, acquisition mode 1 gathers high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data, acquisition mode 2 acquisition order low frequency magnetotelluric data and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data, acquisition mode 3 gathers low frequency magnetotelluric data.
10. acquisition system as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, when described acquisition mode 2, low frequency magnetotelluric data and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data are incorporated in a wideband magnetotelluric data file by described acquisition system.
11. acquisition systems as described in claim 9 or 10, it is characterized in that, described acquisition mode 1 obtains the magnetotelluric data of more than 10 hertz, and described acquisition mode 2 obtains the magnetotelluric data of more than 0.001 hertz, and described acquisition mode 3 obtains 10
-5magnetotelluric data more than hertz.
12. acquisition systems as claimed in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, described Low-frequency Modes number converter is the Low-frequency Modes number converter of 32 4000 hertz, described high frequency analog to digital converter is the high frequency analog to digital converter of 24 more than 50000 hertz.
13. acquisition systems as described in claim arbitrary in claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that, described wideband magnetic field sensor is induction type magnetic field sensor or fluxgate type magnetic field sensor.
14. acquisition systems as described in claim 6,7 or 8, it is characterized in that, described acquisition system is 5 passages or 6 passage magnetotelluric data acquisition systems.
15. acquisition systems as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, described acquisition system comprises: 2 or 3 electric field data acquisition channels, 3 magnetic field data acquisition channels.
16. acquisition systems as described in claim arbitrary in claim 1 to 10, is characterized in that, described electric-field sensor is two groups or three groups of orthogonal horizontal electrodes pair.
17. acquisition systems as described in claim arbitrary in claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that, the quantity of described wideband magnetic field sensor is 1 ~ 3.
18. acquisition systems as described in claim arbitrary in claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that, described magnetotelluric data acquisition station comprises: GPS receiving antenna, wireless data transmission/reception antennas and ground-electrode, and described GPS receiving antenna, described wireless data transmission/reception antennas are connected with described magnetotelluric data acquisition station with described ground-electrode.
19. 1 kinds of methods using the acquisition system as described in claim arbitrary in claim 1 to 18 to gather magnetotelluric data, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Determine acquisition time, acquisition mode and acquisition parameter;
Determine geographic coordinate and data writing times of observation station;
Gather telluric electricity field data with electric-field sensor, gather geomagnetic field data with wideband magnetic field sensor;
The described telluric electricity field data collected and described geomagnetic field data are processed and explained.
20. acquisition methods as claimed in claim 19, it is characterized in that, in the process of described collection telluric electricity field data and described collection geomagnetic field data, described method also comprises by the duty of remote terminal by wireless data transmission/reception antennas real time monitoring acquisition system.
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| CN115308815A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2022-11-08 | 中国海洋大学 | Automatic monitoring method and device for accidental water outlet of submarine electromagnetic exploration device |
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