CN104375134B - General underwater sound measuring system - Google Patents
General underwater sound measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104375134B CN104375134B CN201410606609.3A CN201410606609A CN104375134B CN 104375134 B CN104375134 B CN 104375134B CN 201410606609 A CN201410606609 A CN 201410606609A CN 104375134 B CN104375134 B CN 104375134B
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- transducer
- underwater sound
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/523—Details of pulse systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of general underwater sound measuring system, mainly by transmitting transducer group, launch extension set, receive extension set and display control extension set composition, the display control extension set connects the transmitting extension set and receives extension set respectively, the transmitting extension set connects the transmitting transducer group, for driving the transmitting transducer group, the transmitting transducer group is used for the underwater emission for completing acoustic signal in working band, the transmitting extension set is used to complete the generation of underwater sound measurement signal and driving transmitting transducer group, the reception for receiving extension set and being used to complete underwater sound signal, conditioning, collection and storage, the display control extension set completes parameter setting, transmitting receives control, condition monitoring, reception waveform is shown and target strength calculates.Present system is versatile, it is cost-effective, can independently be used beneficial to portable use, modularized design, each subsystem.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of acoustics, in particular, is related to a kind of universal measurement system of underwater sound.
Background technology
Domestic existing underwater sound measuring instrument can be divided into noise-measuring instrument and the class of echometric measurement instrument two, and belong to
Proprietary measurement frequency range, can not be reused in hardware and software resource, and this brings the waste of cost to user, meanwhile, survey
Measure the scattered of the special and function of frequency range and brought to user and use upper inconvenience.
The content of the invention
The present invention is for technical problem present in above-mentioned prior art, there is provided a kind of general underwater sound measuring system,
The target strength measurement of underwater target to be measured is carried out, and Function Extension can be carried out.The general underwater sound measuring system of the present invention, leads to
With property it is strong, it is cost-effective, can independently be used beneficial to portable use, modularized design, each subsystem.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of general underwater sound measuring system, mainly by transmitting transducer group, transmitting extension set, reception extension set and display
Control extensions form, and the display control extension set connects the transmitting extension set and receives extension set respectively, the transmitting extension set connection
The transmitting transducer group, for driving the transmitting transducer group, the transmitting transducer group is mainly completed in working band
The underwater emission of acoustic signal, the transmitting extension set mainly complete the generation of underwater sound measurement signal and driving transmitting transducer
Group, reception, conditioning, collection and the storage for receiving extension set and mainly completing underwater sound signal, the display control extension set
Complete parameter setting, transmitting receives control, condition monitoring, reception waveform are shown and target strength calculates.
The transmitting extension set, receive extension set and display control extension set be integrated in one comprising master control borad, signal regulating panel,
In the industrial computer of A/D collection plates and D/A change-over panels.
The transmitting extension set, receive extension set and display control extension set be integrated in one comprising master control borad, signal regulating panel,
In the industrial computer of A/D collection plates and an industrial computer for including master control borad, D/A change-over panels.
The transmitting transducer group includes 3 sets of transducers, completes the signal transmitting in 1kHz~60kHz frequency bands.
3 groups of transducers are respectively：
Transducer 1：Disk transducer is bent, completes the signal transmitting in 1kHz~3kHz frequency bands；
Transducer 2：Mosaic annulus transducer with baffle, complete the signal transmitting in 3kHz~10kHz frequency bands；
Transducer 3：Pipe transducer+use of the mosaic annulus transducer+use with baffle with baffle is with matching layer
Vertical resonator transducer, complete the signal transmitting in 10kHz~60kHz frequency bands.
The transmitting extension set is mainly made up of signal source, digital-to-analogue conversion equipment, power amplifier, matching network,
The reception extension set is mainly made up of signal condition equipment, signal collecting device, signal storage device.
The signal condition equipment uses low noise pre-amplification circuit, filter circuit, rearmounted amplifying circuit and composition, institute
State pre-amplification circuit and use low noise instrument amplifier, multiplication factor is adjustable, and the filter circuit is increased logical using low pass
Form design, filtered amplifying circuit are capable of the gain of the whole circuit of flexible modulation.
The display control extension set includes being used to complete signal source relative parameters setting, power amplifier working condition control
The transmitting extension set interface that system, state modulator, Working Status Monitoring, the passage of progress matching network gate, and for completing to believe
Number source reception signal monitoring, the parameter setting of signal condition equipment, passage gating, and connecing for target strength result of calculation can be provided
Contracture machine interface
General underwater sound measuring system provided by the present invention, major function are to measure the target strength of submarine target,
And Function Extension can be carried out, carry out general underwater sound measurement.The transmitting of underwater active signal and underwater can be carried out
The reception of acoustic signal.It is versatile, it is easy to carry, and modularized design, each subsystem can be used independently.
The system completes the signal transacting of the system and aobvious control task using the general off the shelf product of in the market, uses
Full frequency band receive transducer solves frequency band common question, is user-friendly using portability design, using modularization and group
Combination designs, and realizes that the division of system uses.Embody as follows：
● it is versatile：
1) function is general：Both the noise of target can have been measured, the echo of target can be measured again；
2) frequency range is general：Frequency range is 1kHz~60kHz, almost covers whole frequency ranges in conventional underwater acoustic measurement field；
● it is cost-effective：
While properties of product and measurement accuracy is ensured, production cost is reduced using following design method：
1) hydrophone, processor are produced using off the shelf product, for ease of maintenaince, reduces production cost；
2) transducer array uses frequency-division section Integrated design, saves production material, reduces production cost；
● it is easy to carry：
System is divided into main frame, basic matrix and hydrophone, is respectively placed in the chest of three provided with wheels, it is very convenient transport and
Carry.
● modularized design：
System employs modularized design, and each equipment can be used independently.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of system provided by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the topology diagram of present system embodiment one；
Fig. 3 is the topology diagram of present system embodiment two；
Fig. 4 is the directional property measured drawing of the embodiment of mosaic annulus transducer one with baffle；
Fig. 5 is transmitting extension set display control interface；
Fig. 6 is to receive extension set display control interface.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Shown in Fig. 1, general underwater sound measuring system provided by the present invention, mainly by transmitting transducer group, transmitting extension set,
Receive extension set and display control extension set composition.The composition and function of each several part are as follows：
Transmitting transducer group：It is made up of 3 sets of transducers, the main underwater emission for completing acoustic signal in working band；
Transducer 1：Disk transducer is bent, completes the signal transmitting in 1kHz~3kHz frequency bands；
Transducer 2：Mosaic annulus transducer with baffle, complete the signal transmitting in 3kHz~10kHz frequency bands；
Transducer 3：Pipe transducer+use of the mosaic annulus transducer+use with baffle with baffle is with matching layer
Vertical resonator transducer, complete the signal transmitting in 10kHz~60kHz frequency bands.
Launch extension set：Transmitting extension set is made up of signal source, digital-to-analogue conversion equipment, power amplifier, matching network, main
The generation of underwater sound measurement signal, the function of driving transmitting transducer group are completed, wherein：
Signal source：According to the acoustic measurement signal needed for testing program generation；
Digital-to-analogue conversion equipment：The data signal that signal source generates is converted into analog signal, as power amplifier
Input signal be amplified；
Power amplifier：The signal of signal source generation is subjected to power amplification, transmitting transducer is driven by matching network
Group, complete the transmitting of measurement signal；
Matching network：The impedance matching between power amplifier and transducer group is carried out, ensures electro-acoustic conversion efficiency.
Receive extension set：Extension set is received to be made up of signal condition equipment, signal collecting device, signal storage device.It is main complete
Into the reception of underwater sound signal, conditioning, collection, store function.
Signal condition equipment：Complete the amplification filter function of 8105 standard hydrophone reception signals；
Signal collecting device：Complete the A/D sampling functions of analog signal；
Signal storage device：Complete the store function of data signal.
Display control extension set：Complete parameter setting, transmitting receives control, condition monitoring, reception waveform are shown, target strength
The functions such as calculating.
General underwater sound measuring system topology diagram is as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.Wherein Fig. 2 is the configuration of embodiment one,
Fig. 3 is the configuration of embodiment two.
In embodiment one, transmitting transducer group includes：3 sets of transmitting transducer；Industrial computer one, comprising：1 piece of master control borad,
2 pieces of signal regulating panel, 1 piece of A/D collection plates, 1 piece of D/A change-over panels；One, power amplifier；System power supply one.
In embodiment two, transmitting transducer group includes：3 sets of transmitting transducer；Industrial computer two, industrial computer 1 includes：Master control
1 piece of plate, 2 pieces of signal regulating panel, 1 piece of A/D collection plates；Industrial computer 2 includes：1 piece of master control borad, 1 piece of D/A change-over panels；Power amplification
Device one；System power supply one.
It is the detailed technology design of each extension set of present system below：
Transmitting transducer group：
Underwater emission transducer is the One function module of general underwater sound measuring system, is substantially carried out acoustic signal
Underwater emission.Underwater emission transducer is applied necessarily in a certain frequency or frequency range by equipment such as power amplifiers during use
Voltage drive, realize the conversion from electric signal to acoustical signal, produce the acoustical signal of given form and intensity, acoustical signal is in water
Outwards propagate.
The operation principle of underwater emission transducer is the voltage signal of signal source output, defeated by the modulation of equalizing circuit
Enter power amplifier, the output electric signal of power amplifier moves transducer, electricity of the transducer input by match circuit rear-guard
Signal specially changes mechanical oscillation signal into, so as to radiate acoustical signal into water, completes the conversion of electric signal acoustical signal into water.Matching
Equalizing circuit changes the Frequency Response of transducer, make transmitting voltage response in working frequency range rise and fall be reduced to index request with
It is interior, and ensure certain electro-acoustic conversion efficiency.
Underwater emission transducer group includes 3 sets of transducers, and working frequency range covers 1~60kHz.Wherein transducer 1 is bending
Disk transducer, complete the signal transmitting in 1kHz~3kHz frequency bands；Transducer 2 is the mosaic annulus transducer with baffle, complete
Into the signal transmitting in 3kHz~10kHz frequency bands；Transducer 3 is the mosaic annulus transducer with baffle+circle of the use with baffle
Vertical resonator transducer of the pipe transducer+use with matching layer, complete the signal transmitting in 10kHz~60kHz frequency bands.
(1) 1kHz~3kHz frequency ranges transducer
The frequency range transducer is using disk transducer assemblies formula transducer is bent, and the type transducer frequency is low, and size is small,
In light weight, bandwidth is relatively wide, is highly suitable as lightweight sound source.This programme can realize 195dB sound source in band limits
Level.Horizontal direction omnidirectional, vertical direction directive property are more than 90 °.Physical size≤Ф 180mm × 1000mm, weight≤25kg.
(2) 3kHz~10kHz low-frequency transducers design
The frequency range uses the mosaic annulus transducer form with baffle, the type transducer small volume, efficiency high, and power is big
And lighter in weight.Transducer parameters such as table 1 below in the embodiment of the present invention：
Table 1
After baffle, horizontal directive tendency (H.D.T.) can be preferably being formed, Fig. 4 is that the sensing of the embodiment of baffle transducer one is special
Property measured drawing, frequency is higher, and directional property is better.
3kHz horizontal directive tendency (H.D.T.)：93.8 ° of main lobe width, backward radiation -12dB；
6kHz horizontal directive tendency (H.D.T.)：68.7 ° of main lobe width, backward radiation -18dB；
10kHz horizontal directive tendency (H.D.T.)：71.3 ° of main lobe width, backward radiation -22dB.
(3) 10kHz~20kHz transducers
The frequency range transducer uses the tubular type transducer with baffle, and tubular type transducer is most common in underwater acoustic transducer
A kind of transducer, features simple structure, efficiency high, omnidirectional, can also be oriented transmitting-receiving using Antisoundbaffle in the horizontal direction.This
Transducer parameters such as table 2 below in inventive embodiments：
Table 2
(4) 20kHz~40kHz transducers
The frequency range transducer equally uses the tubular type transducer with baffle, the transducer parameters such as table 3 below of different size：
Table 3
(5) 40kHz~60kHz transducers
The frequency range transducer realizes that the type transducer architecture is simple, processing using the vertical resonator transducer with matching layer
Convenience, efficiency high, power are big, and after matching layer, bandwidth is further widened, wide as high power sound source at home and abroad at present
General to be applied in the underwater sound and ultrasonic engineering, its working frequency is typically in tens kHz or so.The transducer parameters of different size are such as
Table 4 below：
Table 4
Launch extension set：
Transmitting extension set is made up of signal source, digital-to-analogue conversion equipment, power amplifier, matching network, mainly completes water
Lower acoustic measurement signal generation, the function of driving transmitting transducer group.
(1) signal source
The function of signal source is the acoustic measurement signal according to needed for testing program generation.Need are tested according to this item purpose
Ask, signal caused by signal source, also can logging data file mainly by programming realization.User can be to signal by aobvious control interface
Source parameter is controlled.The major parameter of signal source is as follows：
Signal form：CW pulses；
Pulsewidth：It can set；
Transmit cycle：It can set；
Centre frequency：1KHz, 5KHz, 10KHz, 20KHz, 30KHz, 60KHz, other (can manually it be set in working band
It is fixed).
(2) digital-to-analogue conversion equipment：
It is mainly used in the data signal of signal source generation to be converted into analog signal, the input signal as power amplifier
It is amplified.
(3) power amplifier：
Major function is that the signal of signal source generation is carried out into power amplification, and transmitting transducer is driven by matching network
Group, complete the transmitting of measurement signal.
Power amplifier radiating circuit part is made up of power amplifier power supply, power amplifier module, and power amplifier part uses AC220V
Power supply, the power supply as needed for power supply module is converted into power amplifier module.The signal of user's transmitting needed for selection on aobvious control interface
Frequency, form and size, corresponding waveform is generated by signal source, and power amplifier module is output to by Analog-digital Converter equipment.With
Family can monitor power amplifier working condition on aobvious control interface, control power output.
In the embodiment of the present invention, according to the transmitting source level demand of different transmitting transducers, the master of power amplifier is determined
Want parameter as follows：
Power supply：Alternating Current Power Supply：AC220V；
Operating frequency range：20Hz~60kHz；
Output a) continuously transmission power (in the case of radiating well)：≥2000W；
B) dynamic range：≥60dB；Signal to noise ratio：≥66dB；
C) power amplification efficiency：>=90%；
D) distortion factor≤1%；
Reliability, maintainability, testability, security requirement
A) signal input and output and ancillary equipment electrical isolation；
B) there is short circuit, excessively stream and overtemperature protection and auto-reset function；
C) there are power supply indicator and working station indicator；
D) Van Gogh presses dangerous position to have obvious safety sign；
(4) matching network：
Major function is to carry out the impedance matching between power amplifier and transducer group, ensures electro-acoustic conversion efficiency.
Distribution network is made up of power switch, power amplifier matching network.
Power switch can be controlled by master control borad on aobvious control interface, selection opens corresponding matching network, makes power amplifier
The signal of module output is added on corresponding transducer.
In the embodiment of the present invention, its major parameter is：Matching network efficiency：Average >=80%.
Receive extension set：
Extension set is received to be made up of signal condition equipment, signal collecting device, signal storage device.It is main to complete underwater sound
The reception of signal, conditioning, collection, store function.
(1) signal condition equipment
The main split-band amplification filter function for completing 8105 standard hydrophone reception signals.Its main operational principle is letter
The signal of number conditioning device receiving hydrophone 8105, after being amplified, filter, amplifying again, it is acquired by signal collecting device.
Signal condition equipment uses low noise pre-amplification circuit, filter circuit, rearmounted amplifying circuit and composition.In order to drop
Low circuit noise, pre-amplification circuit use low noise instrument amplifier, and multiplication factor is adjustable, and filtering part is increased using low pass
Logical form design, filtered amplifying circuit can be with the gains of the whole circuit of flexible modulation.User can pass through display and control software
It is filtered the gating of passage.
Signal condition equipment is mainly realized by board, and in the present embodiment, its major parameter is as follows：
Gain：20dB, 40dB, 60dB (adjustable)；
Bandwidth of operation：1k~3kHz, 3k~10kHz, 10k~20kHz, 20k~40kHz, 40k~60kHz；
Channel noise：<5uV；
Channel number：2.
(2) signal collecting device
The A/D sampling functions of the main analog signal for completing the output of signal condition equipment.From more ripe on the market
16bit, multichannel A/D boards are realized.In the present embodiment, its major parameter is as follows：
AD acquisition resolutions：16bit；
Sample frequency：240kHz；
Channel noise：<5uV；
Channel number：2.
(3) signal storage device
The main store function for completing data signal.Programming realization of the hard disk by display and control software is carried using industrial computer.
And the playback function of data storage can be completed.
Display control extension set：
Parameter setting is completed, launches reception control, condition monitoring, receive the functions such as waveform is shown, target strength calculates.Ginseng
Examine interface as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6.
(1) extension set interface is launched
User can complete signal source relative parameters setting and power amplifier working state control, parameter by the interface
Control and Working Status Monitoring, and may be matched the passage gating of network.
(2) extension set interface is received
User can complete the monitoring of hydrophone reception signal, the parameter setting of signal condition equipment, passage by the interface
Gating, and the result of calculation of target strength can be provided.
Above-described embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, but is not used to limit scope of the claims.It is every this
The equivalents carried out on the basis of inventive technique scheme and improvement, it should not exclude outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of general underwater sound measuring system, it is characterised in that mainly by transmitting transducer group, transmitting extension set, reception point
Machine and display control extension set composition, the transmitting transducer group include 3 groups of transducers, complete in 1kHz~60kHz frequency bands
Signal is launched, and 3 groups of transducers are respectively：Transducer 1：Using bending disk transducer, complete in 1kHz~3kHz frequency bands
Signal transmitting；Transducer 2：Using the mosaic annulus transducer with baffle, the signal hair in 3kHz~10kHz frequency bands is completed
Penetrate；Transducer 3：It is vertical with matching layer using pipe transducer+use of the mosaic annulus transducer+use with baffle with baffle
Resonator transducer, completes the signal transmitting in 10kHz~60kHz frequency bands, and the display control extension set connects the transmitting respectively
Extension set and reception extension set, the transmitting extension set connects the transmitting transducer group, described for driving the transmitting transducer group
Transmitting transducer group is used for the underwater emission for completing acoustic signal in working band, and the transmitting extension set is used to complete underwater sound
Measurement signal generates and driving transmitting transducer group, it is described receive extension set be used to completing the reception of underwater sound signal, conditioning,
Collection and storage, the display control extension set are used to complete parameter setting, launch reception control, condition monitoring, receive waveform
Display and target strength calculate, and the display control extension set includes being used to complete signal source relative parameters setting, power amplification
The transmitting extension set interface that device working state control, state modulator, Working Status Monitoring, the passage of progress matching network gate, with
And for completing the monitoring of signal source reception signal, the parameter setting of signal condition equipment, passage gating, and provide target strength meter
Calculate the reception extension set interface of result.
2. general underwater sound measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the transmitting extension set, receive and divide
Machine and display control extension set are integrated in a work for including master control borad, signal regulating panel, A/D collection plates and D/A change-over panels
In control machine.
3. general underwater sound measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the transmitting extension set, receive and divide
Machine and display control extension set are integrated in one and included comprising master control borad, signal regulating panel, the industrial computer of A/D collection plates and one
Master control borad, D/A change-over panels industrial computer in.
4. general underwater sound measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the transmitting extension set is mainly by believing
Number source, digital-to-analogue conversion equipment, power amplifier, matching network composition.
5. general underwater sound measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the reception extension set is mainly by believing
Number conditioning device, signal collecting device, signal storage device composition.
6. general underwater sound measuring system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the signal condition equipment uses
Low noise pre-amplification circuit, filter circuit, rearmounted amplifying circuit and composition, the pre-amplification circuit use low noise instrument
Amplifier, multiplication factor is adjustable, and the filter circuit increases logical form design using low pass, and filtered amplifying circuit can
The gain of the whole circuit of flexible modulation.
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| CN201410606609.3A CN104375134B (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | General underwater sound measuring system |
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| CN106291564B (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2019-06-04 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | A kind of cold seepage water body reflection sounding system and method |
| CN108333574B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2022-09-06 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Underwater acoustic transducer covered by special space |
| CN109186752B (en) * | 2018-09-22 | 2020-07-03 | 天津大学 | Underwater acoustic signal acquisition, transmission and detection system based on graphic processor |
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| FR2649214B1 (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1991-09-13 | Thomson Csf | METHOD FOR OPERATING A SONAR IN ACTIVE AND PASSIVE MODE |
| CN1779482B (en) * | 2004-11-26 | 2010-04-21 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Transmitting method and transmitter for underwater super-wideband combined audio array |
| CN100541229C (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2009-09-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Super broad coverage multiple beam bathymetric side scanning sonar device |
| CN103941260A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-07-23 | 么彬 | Underwater acoustic video imaging device |
| CN204422753U (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-06-24 | 上海瑞洋船舶科技有限公司 | A kind of target strength measurement device of submarine target |
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