CN104374549A - Sectional type screening system and method for polarization properties of long polarization maintaining optical fiber - Google Patents
Sectional type screening system and method for polarization properties of long polarization maintaining optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN104374549A CN104374549A CN201410654222.5A CN201410654222A CN104374549A CN 104374549 A CN104374549 A CN 104374549A CN 201410654222 A CN201410654222 A CN 201410654222A CN 104374549 A CN104374549 A CN 104374549A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sectional type screening method for polarization properties of a long polarization maintaining optical fiber. The method comprises the steps that polarization coupling distribution of the optical fiber with a specific length at the outermost end of an optical fiber drum is obtained through optical path scanning of one interference arm of a nonequilibrium interferometer, and whether the polarization maintaining optical fiber at the outermost end meets the usage requirement is judged according to a polarization coupling amplitude value; the optical fiber section meeting the requirement is distributed step by step according to the usage requirement, and the optical fiber section which does not meet the usage requirement is removed. According to the sectional type screening method, the optical fiber drum is directly connected into a testing system, so that the testing system conducts sectional type screening on the polarization properties of the polarization maintaining optical fiber, the limitation of the instrument measuring range to optical fiber screening is eliminated, the complexity of a testing instrument is lowered, and the screening convenience is improved. When a defect point exists in the optical fiber, it is only required that the part, from the defect point to the outer endpoint of the optical fiber drum, of optical fiber is removed. Compared with the traditional method that the optical fiber is detected after being distributed, the method has the advantages that waste of the optical fiber is reduced, and the production cost is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing, more specifically, relate to a kind of sectional type screening system and method for long PM optical fibre polarization characteristics, to meet optical fibre gyro fiber optic loop coiling requirement.
Background technology
The linear polarization hold facility that polarization maintaining optical fibre has because of it, is applied widely at sensory field of optic fibre.Wherein, the fiber optic loop of optical fibre gyro is a typical apply of polarization maintaining optical fibre.And fiber optic loop coiling selects the polarization hold facility of optical fiber to become the key factor determining fiber optic loop and fiber optic gyroscope performance.The polarization hold facility of polarization maintaining optical fibre is tested with employing extinction ratio tester usually, is examined by the index of polarization crosstalk.But polarization crosstalk can only reflect the overall polarization hold facility of certain length optical fiber, cannot position the defect point in optical fiber and defect area, also just cannot reject defect point and defect area.White light interferometer can be tested the distributed polarization coupling of optical fiber, can find defect point and defect area.But this equipment range is limited, maximum amount journey is about 2.6km both at home and abroad at present, cannot to several kms be wrapped on fiber reel even tens km optical fiber screen, according to application demand, the optical fiber of length-specific can only be accessed white light interferometer more one by one after fiber reel point fibre and test.In this case, if existing defects region in optical fiber, can only scrap by whole section of optical fiber, substantially increase the coiling cost of fiber optic loop.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the not enough restriction to polarization maintaining optical fibre test screen of prior art range, propose a kind ofly be wound with the method for a few km even fiber reel of tens kms directly carrying out sectional type screening to optical fiber.
To achieve these goals, according to one aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of sectional type screening system of long PM optical fibre polarization characteristics, this system carries out detection screening based on light coherent field Polarization Detection principle.Screening system comprises light source module, non-equilibrium interferometer and signal processing module, wherein:
Described light source module comprises a wide range super-radiance light emitting diode (Super LuminescentDiode, SLD) light source and a polarizer, wherein wide range SLD light source is that fast axle TE mould exports, for providing wide spectrum optical signal for described screening system, described polarizer tail optical fiber is connected to axle with described SLD light source tail optical fiber 0 °, is transformed by wide spectrum optical signal and exports as linear polarization wide spectrum optical signal;
Described non-equilibrium interferometer, is made up of the basic structure of Mach-Zehnder interferometer the first Y waveguide and the second Y waveguide, the scan arm of institute's Mach-Zehnder interferometer adds a light path scanister, and another one arm is fixed arm; Light path scanister is used for carrying out continuous setup according to the instruction of signal processing module to the optical path difference of Mach-Zehnder interferometer two-arm;
Square wave circuit for generating is modulated the light signal from the first Y waveguide input for generation of square-wave signal; The optical signals detector that Mach-Zehnder interferometer exports is converted into electric signal; Correlation detecting circuit exports electric signal to detector and square-wave signal carries out coherent detection, to improve output signal-noise ratio;
Described signal processing module is used for the optical path difference of light path scanister continuous setup Mach-Zehnder interferometer two-arm described in instruction, and carries out data processing to the signal that correlation detecting circuit exports.
Further, described screening system is when screening optical fiber, and the inner side tail optical fiber of tested optical fiber dish and light source module tail optical fiber to axle welding, excite a main polarization mode with 0 ° in tested optical fiber; Different optical path differences is produced according to tail end outside the winding of the fiber reel that do not coexist of coupling position from main polarization mode from main polarization mode coupling to the light of orthogonal polarization mode; In fiber reel, the outside tail optical fiber of Optical Fiber Winding and non-equilibrium interferometer tail optical fiber are with 45 ° to axle welding, project on same polarization principal axis to make the main polarization wave train and the coupling wave train.
According to another aspect of the present invention, additionally provide a kind of sectional type screening technique of the long PM optical fibre polarization characteristics based on said system, comprise the following steps:
(1) by be wound with long optical fibers fiber reel inside tail optical fiber and light source module tail optical fiber 0 ° to axle welding, the outer felt of fiber reel around the input tail optical fiber of tail optical fiber and non-equilibrium interferometer with 45 ° to axle welding;
(2) determine according to the needed length L of optical fiber and the refractive indices n of polarization maintaining optical fibre fast and slow axis the scan light path difference Δ l=L Δ n that non-equilibrium interferometer two-arm need produce;
(3) control by computing machine the optical path difference that light path scanister changes interferometer two-arm, carry out the light path scanning of interferometer; The light path scanning initial position interferometer scan arm at d need be less than fixed arm, to obtain the main interference peak of wide spectrum light source in light path scanning process, at scanning final position scan arm light path-fixed arm light path >=Δ l, ensure that one section of optical fiber of preseting length can realize global test; Light path consecutive variations in scanning process; Using main interference peak as position coordinates zero point, judge polarization coupled point position in a fiber; At zero point using the interference amplitude at main interference peak as coupling amplitude, judge the coupling amplitude of optical fiber polarisation Coupling point;
(4) need to judge that whether optical fiber is qualified according to application; If in the polarization coupled amplitude of sweep limit inner fiber ring all within acceptability limit, illustrate that the polarization hold facility of fiber reel outermost end length-specific section optical fiber meets the demands; The tail optical fiber of fiber reel and test macro tail optical fiber are interrupted, fiber reel is put and is used for around ring after a point fine machine divides fibre; Fiber reel after point fibre accesses by the requirement of (1) article the filler test that test macro carries out next section of optical fiber again;
(5) do not conform to lattice point as existed in optical fiber, then calculate according to the maximum optical path difference not conforming to lattice point and main interference peak and do not conform to the distance of lattice point from tail end outside fiber reel; If not conforming to interferometer optical path difference corresponding to lattice point is l
i, then not conforming to lattice point from the distance of tail optical fiber end points outside fiber reel is L
i=l
i/ Δ n; The tail optical fiber of fiber reel and test macro tail optical fiber are interrupted, put by fiber reel to a point fine machine, be L by length from the tail end of outside
ioptical fibre separating remove; As there is defective region in optical fiber, then determine to reject the length of optical fiber with the lattice point that do not conform to that optical path difference is maximum; Remove the fiber reel not conforming to lattice point or defective region and again access by the requirement in (1) article the filler test that test macro carries out next section of optical fiber;
(6) filler test to whole fiber reel long optical fibers is completed by sectionalization test step by step.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) this screening system adopts Y waveguide to build non-equilibrium interferometer.By by the outer felt of tested optical fiber around the input tail optical fiber 45 ° of tail optical fiber and Y waveguide 1 to axle welding, in conjunction with fast and slow axis light in an inclined functional realiey optical fiber of Y waveguide to the projection of an Orientation of polarized main axis, light splitting coupler or Amici prism is replaced to realize the light splitting function of interferometer by Y branch, the modulation function of Y waveguide is adopted to modulate signal, improve output signal-noise ratio in conjunction with demodulator circuit, reduce the complexity of test macro.
(2) this screening technique overcomes the restriction of existing polarization maintaining optical fibre distributed polarization coupling measurement technology by instrument range.According to the length requirement of gyro fiber optic loop to polarization maintaining optical fibre, the fiber reel being wound with long optical fibers is directly accessed test macro, realize carrying out sectionalization test screening to polarization maintaining optical fibre.There is the defect point not meeting application requirement or defect area in optical fiber as found, only the optical fiber of defective locations to outer fiber tail end need be removed, scrapping of the whole section of optical fiber caused during test discovery existing defects after avoiding point fibre.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sectional type screening system structural representation of long PM optical fibre polarization characteristics in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional type screening technique process flow diagram of long PM optical fibre polarization characteristics in the present invention;
The fiber segment not conforming to lattice point is there is in Fig. 3 in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is fiber segment qualified in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
As shown in Figure 1, the sectional type screening system of long PM optical fibre polarization characteristics provided by the invention, carry out detection screening based on light coherent field Polarization Detection principle, screening system comprises light source module, non-equilibrium interferometer and signal processing module, wherein:
Described light source module comprises a wide range super-radiance light emitting diode (Super LuminescentDiode, SLD) light source and a polarizer, wherein wide range SLD light source is that fast axle TE mould exports, for providing wide spectrum optical signal for described screening system, described polarizer tail optical fiber is connected to axle with described SLD light source tail optical fiber 0 °, is transformed by wide spectrum optical signal and exports as linear polarization wide spectrum optical signal;
Described non-equilibrium interferometer, is made up of the basic structure of Mach-Zehnder interferometer the first Y waveguide and the second Y waveguide, the scan arm of institute's Mach-Zehnder interferometer adds a light path scanister, and another one arm is fixed arm; Light path scanister is used for carrying out continuous setup according to the instruction of signal processing module to the optical path difference of Mach-Zehnder interferometer two-arm;
Square wave circuit for generating is modulated the light signal from the first Y waveguide input for generation of square-wave signal; The optical signals detector that Mach-Zehnder interferometer exports is converted into electric signal; Correlation detecting circuit exports electric signal to detector and square-wave signal carries out coherent detection, to improve output signal-noise ratio;
Described signal processing module is used for the optical path difference of light path scanister continuous setup Mach-Zehnder interferometer two-arm described in instruction, and carries out data processing to the signal that correlation detecting circuit exports.
When screening optical fiber, by be wound with long optical fibers fiber reel inside tail optical fiber and light source module tail optical fiber 0 ° to axle welding, in tested optical fiber, excite a main polarization mode.Different optical path differences is produced according to the light signal output end that do not coexist of coupling position (i.e. outside the winding of fiber reel tail end) from main polarization mode from main polarization mode coupling to the light of orthogonal polarization mode.Optical path difference wherein from the optical fiber generation close to light signal output end is less.In fiber reel, the outside tail optical fiber of Optical Fiber Winding and non-equilibrium interferometer tail optical fiber are with 45 ° to axle welding, project on same polarization principal axis to make the main polarization wave train and the coupling wave train.
As shown in Figure 2, the invention provides a kind of sectional type screening technique of the long PM optical fibre polarization characteristics based on said system, comprise the following steps:
(1) by be wound with long optical fibers fiber reel inside tail optical fiber and light source module tail optical fiber 0 ° to axle welding, the outer felt of fiber reel around the input tail optical fiber of tail optical fiber and non-equilibrium interferometer with 45 ° to axle welding.
(2) determine according to the needed length L of optical fiber and the refractive indices n of polarization maintaining optical fibre fast and slow axis the scan light path difference Δ l=L Δ n that non-equilibrium interferometer two-arm need produce.
(3) control by computing machine the optical path difference that light path scanister changes interferometer two-arm, carry out the light path scanning of interferometer.The light path of scanning initial position interferometer scan arm need be less than fixed arm, to obtain the main interference peak of wide spectrum light source in light path scanning process, scanning final position scan arm light path-fixed arm light path >=Δ l, ensures that one section of optical fiber of length-specific can realize global test.Light path consecutive variations in scanning process.Using main interference peak as position coordinates zero point, judge polarization coupled point position in a fiber.At zero point using the interference amplitude at main interference peak as coupling amplitude, judge the coupling amplitude of optical fiber polarisation Coupling point.
(4) need to judge that whether optical fiber is qualified according to application.If in the polarization coupled amplitude of sweep limit inner fiber ring all within acceptability limit, illustrate that the polarization hold facility of fiber reel outermost end length-specific section optical fiber meets the demands.The tail optical fiber of fiber reel and test macro tail optical fiber are interrupted, fiber reel is put and is used for around ring after a point fine machine divides fibre.Fiber reel after point fibre accesses by the requirement of (1) article the filler test that test macro carries out next section of optical fiber again.
(5) do not conform to lattice point as existed in optical fiber, then calculate according to the maximum optical path difference not conforming to lattice point and main interference peak and do not conform to the distance of lattice point from tail end outside fiber reel.If not conforming to interferometer optical path difference corresponding to lattice point is l
i, then not conforming to lattice point from the distance of tail optical fiber end points outside fiber reel is L
i=l
i/ Δ n.The tail optical fiber of fiber reel and test macro tail optical fiber are interrupted, put by fiber reel to a point fine machine, be L by length from the tail end of outside
ioptical fiber remove.As there is defective region in optical fiber, then determine to reject the length of optical fiber with the lattice point that do not conform to that optical path difference is maximum.Remove the fiber reel not conforming to lattice point or defective region and again access by the requirement in (1) article the filler test that test macro carries out next section of optical fiber.
(6) filler test to whole fiber reel long optical fibers is completed by sectionalization test step by step.
The inventive method is illustrated below: in the embodiment of the present invention, adopt a kind of polarization maintaining optical fibre coiling gyro fiber optic loop with a specific embodiment.For ensureing the performance of fiber optic loop and optical fibre gyro, require that polarization maintaining optical fibre is not more than-50dB in the polarization coupled amplitude of arbitrfary point.Ask according to the precision of gyro and physical dimension, every fiber optic loop need divide fine 800m.Refractive indices n=6 × 10 of optical fiber fast and slow axis at normal temperatures
-4.
1) by fiber reel and test macro welding, inside the fiber reel being wound with long optical fibers, tail optical fiber and light source module tail optical fiber 0 ° are to axle welding, the outer felt of fiber reel around the input tail optical fiber of tail optical fiber and non-equilibrium interferometer with 45 ° to axle welding.
2) the scan light path difference of non-equilibrium interferometer is calculated, Δ l=L × Δ n=800m × 6 × 10
-4=0.48m.
3) carry out continuous light path scanning by computer controlled manufacture-illegal balance interference instrument light path scanister, obtain the distributed polarization coupling distribution of fiber reel outermost end 800m optical fiber, as shown in Figure 3.Find that the polarization coupled of optical fiber exists defective region, wherein from equilibrium position farthest do not conform to the corresponding optical path difference l of lattice point
1=228mm.
4) location does not conform to fiber position corresponding to lattice point.L
1＝l
1/Δn＝380m。
5) fusing point of fiber reel and test macro being interrupted, fiber reel is put to a point fine machine, point fine length 380 meters, rejecting comprising the optical fiber not conforming to lattice point.Fiber reel is accessed test macro again on request.
6) again carry out continuous light path scanning to non-equilibrium interferometer, the maximum optical path difference of scanning is 0.48m.Obtain the distributed polarization coupling distribution of now fiber reel outermost end 800m optical fiber, as shown in Figure 4.The polarization coupled amplitude of whole section of optical fiber is all less than-50dB, meets application requirement.
7) interrupted by the fusing point of fiber reel and test macro, put by fiber reel to a point fine machine, point fine length 800 meters, the acceptable splice after point fibre is used for winding optical fiber ring.Fiber reel after point fibre is accessed test macro again on request.
8) filler test to whole fiber reel long optical fibers is completed by sectionalization test step by step.Lattice point is not conformed to, by step 3 as run into) ~ 5) operation.If this fiber segment is without defective point, by step 6) ~ 7) operation.Until all optical fibre separatings on fiber reel are complete.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a sectional type screening system for long PM optical fibre polarization characteristics, is characterized in that, described screening system comprises light source module, non-equilibrium interferometer and signal processing module, wherein:
Described light source module comprises a wide range SLD light source and a polarizer, wherein wide range SLD light source TE mould exports from fast axle, for providing wide spectrum optical signal for described screening system, described polarizer tail optical fiber is connected to axle with described SLD light source tail optical fiber 0 °, is transformed by wide spectrum optical signal and exports as linear polarization wide spectrum optical signal;
Described non-equilibrium interferometer, is made up of the basic structure of Mach-Zehnder interferometer the first Y waveguide and the second Y waveguide, the scan arm of institute's Mach-Zehnder interferometer adds a light path scanister, and another one arm is fixed arm; Light path scanister is used for carrying out continuous setup according to the instruction of signal processing module to the optical path difference of Mach-Zehnder interferometer two-arm;
Square wave circuit for generating is modulated the light signal from the first Y waveguide input for generation of square-wave signal; The optical signals detector that Mach-Zehnder interferometer exports is converted into electric signal; Correlation detecting circuit exports electric signal to detector and square-wave signal carries out coherent detection, to improve output signal-noise ratio;
Described signal processing module is used for the optical path difference of light path scanister continuous setup Mach-Zehnder interferometer two-arm described in instruction, and carries out data processing to the signal that correlation detecting circuit exports.
2. screening system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described screening system is when screening optical fiber, and the inner side tail optical fiber of tested optical fiber dish and light source module tail optical fiber to axle welding, excite a main polarization mode with 0 ° in tested optical fiber; Different optical path differences is produced according to tail end outside the winding of the fiber reel that do not coexist of coupling position from main polarization mode from main polarization mode coupling to the light of orthogonal polarization mode; In fiber reel, the outside tail optical fiber of Optical Fiber Winding and non-equilibrium interferometer tail optical fiber are with 45 ° to axle welding, project on same polarization principal axis to make the main polarization wave train and the coupling wave train.
3., based on a sectional type screening technique for the long PM optical fibre polarization characteristics of system described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) by be wound with long optical fibers fiber reel inside tail optical fiber and light source module tail optical fiber 0 ° to axle welding, the outer felt of fiber reel around the input tail optical fiber of tail optical fiber and non-equilibrium interferometer with 45 ° to axle welding;
(2) determine according to the needed length L of optical fiber and the refractive indices n of polarization maintaining optical fibre fast and slow axis the scan light path difference Δ l=L Δ n that non-equilibrium interferometer two-arm need produce;
(3) control by computing machine the optical path difference that light path scanister changes interferometer two-arm, carry out the light path scanning of interferometer; The light path scanning initial position interferometer scan arm at d need be less than fixed arm, to obtain the main interference peak of wide spectrum light source in light path scanning process, at scanning final position scan arm light path-fixed arm light path >=Δ l, ensure that one section of optical fiber of preseting length can realize global test; Light path consecutive variations in scanning process; Using main interference peak as position coordinates zero point, judge polarization coupled point position in a fiber; At zero point using the interference amplitude at main interference peak as coupling amplitude, judge the coupling amplitude of optical fiber polarisation Coupling point;
(4) need to judge that whether optical fiber is qualified according to application; If in the polarization coupled amplitude of sweep limit inner fiber ring all within acceptability limit, illustrate that the polarization hold facility of fiber reel outermost end length-specific section optical fiber meets the demands; The tail optical fiber of fiber reel and test macro tail optical fiber are interrupted, fiber reel is put and is used for around ring after a point fine machine divides fibre; Fiber reel after point fibre accesses by the requirement of (1) article the filler test that test macro carries out next section of optical fiber again;
(5) do not conform to lattice point as existed in optical fiber, then calculate according to the maximum optical path difference not conforming to lattice point and main interference peak and do not conform to the distance of lattice point from tail end outside fiber reel; If not conforming to interferometer optical path difference corresponding to lattice point is l
i, then not conforming to lattice point from the distance of tail optical fiber end points outside fiber reel is L
i=l
i/ Δ n; The tail optical fiber of fiber reel and test macro tail optical fiber are interrupted, put by fiber reel to a point fine machine, be L by length from the tail end of outside
ioptical fibre separating remove; As there is defective region in optical fiber, then determine to reject the length of optical fiber with the lattice point that do not conform to that optical path difference is maximum; Remove the fiber reel not conforming to lattice point or defective region and again access by the requirement in (1) article the filler test that test macro carries out next section of optical fiber;
(6) filler test to whole fiber reel long optical fibers is completed by sectionalization test step by step.
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| CN109946042A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-28 | 湖北三江航天红峰控制有限公司 | A kind of measurement method and device of Y type waveguide coupling accuracy |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104374549B (en) | 2017-04-12 |
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