CN104370534A - 一种切削刀具用抗磨特种陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种切削刀具用抗磨特种陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种切削刀具用抗磨特种陶瓷，由下列重量份的原料制成：氧化铬8-12、氧化锡12-14、钠闪石13-15、Nb2O518-22、Ta2O55-7、气相三氧化二铝24-27、镁电气石9-11、瓷土20-25、十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.7-1.2、氧化镁1-2、磷酸酯0.4-0.6、去离子水适量、乙醇适量、聚乙二醇1.7-2、耐磨助剂3-4；本发明的陶瓷抗折强度大于50MPa，1000℃至25℃间循环急冷抗热震次数大于35次的性能，适用于切削刀具，使用寿命长，成本低；通过添加气相三氧化二铝、Nb2O5、Ta2O5，增加了陶瓷的细腻和致密性，增加耐磨性；通过使用本发明的耐磨助剂，能够增加陶瓷的表面光滑性、耐磨性和耐热性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷刀具材料领域，尤其涉及一种切削刀具用抗磨特种陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着高新技术的发展，机械加工业对刀具材料提出了更为严格而苛刻的要求，现在需要加工硬度更高的材料、需要更高的切削效率、加工精度也要求高了，这就要求提高刀具的性能，传统的高速钢等切削材料硬度不够，而且浪费稀缺的钼、镍等资源，因此陶瓷刀具应运而生。陶瓷切削工具具备了高硬度、高密度、耐高温，抗磁化、抗氧化、耐腐蚀性强、化学稳定性好、高耐磨性等特点，但是还是存在易碎、散热性差、抗热震性差、抗磨性能有限等缺点，需要改进，同时需要不断降低生产成本，实现企业最大利益，促进科技进步。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种切削刀具用抗磨特种陶瓷及其制备方法，该陶瓷抗折强度大于50MPa，1000℃至25℃间循环急冷抗热震次数大于35次的性能，适用于制作切削刀具，使用寿命长，成本低，该陶瓷细腻、致密性好，耐磨性好。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种切削刀具用抗磨特种陶瓷，其特征在于由下列重量份的原料制成：氧化铬8-12、氧化锡12-14、钠闪石13-15、Nb2O5 18-22、Ta2O5 5-7、气相三氧化二铝24-27、镁电气石9-11、瓷土20-25、十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.7-1.2、氧化镁1-2、磷酸酯0.4-0.6、去离子水适量、乙醇适量、聚乙二醇1.7-2、耐磨助剂3-4；
所述耐磨助剂由下列重量份的原料制成：氮化硅1-1.4、氮化铝1-1.4、氮化钛1-1.3、氮化碳0.4-0.7、氧化锆1-2、金刚石粉1-2、氧化铪0.3-0.4、硅烷偶联剂kh-550 1-2、氮化银0.7-0.9、碳化硅1-2、聚丙烯酸酯0.4-0.6、乙醇6-9、水7-11；制备方法为：将乙醇、聚丙烯酸酯、硅烷偶联剂kh-550加入水中，搅拌均匀，再加入氧化锆、碳化硅，加热至70-80℃，搅拌反应20-30分钟，再加入其他剩余成分，搅拌10-20分钟，超声分散6-8分钟，过滤，烘干，粉碎，过40目筛，在氮气氛围下，1380-1440℃下煅烧30-40分钟，粉碎，过40目筛，即得。
所述切削刀具用抗磨特种陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）将钠闪石、镁电气石、瓷土混合，球磨，过280目筛，得到颗粒；
（2）将氧化铬、氧化锡、Nb2O5、Ta2O5混合，球磨，过300目筛，得到颗粒；
（3）将十二烷基苯磺酸钠、氧化镁、磷酸酯与前两步得到的颗粒混合，加入20-25%重量份的去离子水、7-10%重量份的乙醇，混合成泥状，送入球磨机中球磨2-3个小时，干燥，送入煅烧炉中，在800-900℃下煅烧1-2小时，取出粉碎，过300目筛，得到颗粒；
（4）将第（3）步得到的颗粒与其他剩余成分混合，加入3-4倍重量份的去离子水、聚乙二醇，球磨2-3小时，在110-120℃下烘干，过40目筛，在1580-1640℃下热压，热压压力为20-30MPa，热压时间为50-60分钟，即得。
本发明的有益效果
本发明的陶瓷抗折强度大于50MPa，1000℃至25℃间循环急冷抗热震次数大于35次的性能，适用于切削刀具，使用寿命长，成本低；通过添加气相三氧化二铝、Nb2O5、Ta2O5，增加了陶瓷的细腻和致密性，增加耐磨性；通过使用本发明的耐磨助剂，能够增加陶瓷的表面光滑性、耐磨性和耐热性。
具体实施方式
一种切削刀具用抗磨特种陶瓷，由下列重量份（公斤）的原料制成：氧化铬10、氧化锡13、钠闪石14、Nb2O5 20、Ta2O5 6、气相三氧化二铝25、镁电气石10、瓷土23、十二烷基苯磺酸钠1、氧化镁1.5、磷酸酯0.5、去离子水适量、乙醇适量、聚乙二醇1.8、耐磨助剂3.5；
所述耐磨助剂由下列重量份（公斤）的原料制成：氮化硅1.2、氮化铝1.2、氮化钛1.2、氮化碳0.6、氧化锆1.5、金刚石粉1.5、氧化铪0.3、硅烷偶联剂kh-550 1.5、氮化银0.8、碳化硅1.5、聚丙烯酸酯0.5、乙醇7、水9；制备方法为：将乙醇、聚丙烯酸酯、硅烷偶联剂kh-550加入水中，搅拌均匀，再加入氧化锆、碳化硅，加热至75℃，搅拌反应25分钟，再加入其他剩余成分，搅拌15钟，超声分散7分钟，过滤，烘干，粉碎，过40目筛，在氮气氛围下，1420℃下煅烧35分钟，粉碎，过40目筛，即得。
所述切削刀具用抗磨特种陶瓷的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将钠闪石、镁电气石、瓷土混合，球磨，过280目筛，得到颗粒；
（2）将氧化铬、氧化锡、Nb2O5、Ta2O5混合，球磨，过300目筛，得到颗粒；
（3）将十二烷基苯磺酸钠、氧化镁、磷酸酯与前两步得到的颗粒混合，加入23%重量份的去离子水、8%重量份的乙醇，混合成泥状，送入球磨机中球磨2.5个小时，干燥，送入煅烧炉中，在850℃下煅烧1.5小时，取出粉碎，过300目筛，得到颗粒；
（4）将第（3）步得到的颗粒与其他剩余成分混合，加入20%重量份的去离子水，练泥，球磨17小时，造型，在室温下放置22小时，在65℃下干燥5.5小时，在810℃下预烧2.5小时，再在1400℃下煅烧5.5小时，自然冷却至室温，即得。
实验数据：
该实施例陶瓷的维氏硬度为98GPa，抗弯强度为1178MPa，断裂韧性为13MPa·m1/2。
Claims (2)
1.一种切削刀具用抗磨特种陶瓷，其特征在于由下列重量份的原料制成：氧化铬8-12、氧化锡12-14、钠闪石13-15、Nb2O5 18-22、Ta2O5 5-7、气相三氧化二铝24-27、镁电气石9-11、瓷土20-25、十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.7-1.2、氧化镁1-2、磷酸酯0.4-0.6、去离子水适量、乙醇适量、聚乙二醇1.7-2、耐磨助剂3-4；
所述耐磨助剂由下列重量份的原料制成：氮化硅1-1.4、氮化铝1-1.4、氮化钛1-1.3、氮化碳0.4-0.7、氧化锆1-2、金刚石粉1-2、氧化铪0.3-0.4、硅烷偶联剂kh-550 1-2、氮化银0.7-0.9、碳化硅1-2、聚丙烯酸酯0.4-0.6、乙醇6-9、水7-11；制备方法为：将乙醇、聚丙烯酸酯、硅烷偶联剂kh-550加入水中，搅拌均匀，再加入氧化锆、碳化硅，加热至70-80℃，搅拌反应20-30分钟，再加入其他剩余成分，搅拌10-20分钟，超声分散6-8分钟，过滤，烘干，粉碎，过40目筛，在氮气氛围下，1380-1440℃下煅烧30-40分钟，粉碎，过40目筛，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述切削刀具用抗磨特种陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）将钠闪石、镁电气石、瓷土混合，球磨，过280目筛，得到颗粒；
（2）将氧化铬、氧化锡、Nb2O5、Ta2O5混合，球磨，过300目筛，得到颗粒；
（3）将十二烷基苯磺酸钠、氧化镁、磷酸酯与前两步得到的颗粒混合，加入20-25%重量份的去离子水、7-10%重量份的乙醇，混合成泥状，送入球磨机中球磨2-3个小时，干燥，送入煅烧炉中，在800-900℃下煅烧1-2小时，取出粉碎，过300目筛，得到颗粒；
（4）将第（3）步得到的颗粒与其他剩余成分混合，加入3-4倍重量份的去离子水、聚乙二醇，球磨2-3小时，在110-120℃下烘干，过40目筛，在1580-1640℃下热压，热压压力为20-30MPa，热压时间为50-60分钟，即得。
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| CN106587949A (zh) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-04-26 | 苏州耐思特塑胶有限公司 | 一种用于刀具的陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
| CN107417251A (zh) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-12-01 | 张翔 | 一种耐磨性好的特种陶瓷及其制备方法 |
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| CN105734505A (zh) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-07-06 | 东北大学 | 一种钛合金切削用复合功能刀具涂层及其制备方法 |
| CN105734505B (zh) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-12-29 | 东北大学 | 一种钛合金切削用复合功能刀具涂层及其制备方法 |
| CN106587949A (zh) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-04-26 | 苏州耐思特塑胶有限公司 | 一种用于刀具的陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
| CN107417251A (zh) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-12-01 | 张翔 | 一种耐磨性好的特种陶瓷及其制备方法 |
| CN108950340A (zh) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-07 | 梅金琪 | 一种铣床上力学性能高的铣刀材料的制备方法 |
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