CN104360516A - 液晶显示装置及其液晶显示面板 - Google Patents

液晶显示装置及其液晶显示面板 Download PDF

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CN104360516A
CN104360516A CN201410633031.0A CN201410633031A CN104360516A CN 104360516 A CN104360516 A CN 104360516A CN 201410633031 A CN201410633031 A CN 201410633031A CN 104360516 A CN104360516 A CN 104360516A
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liquid crystal
substrate
display panels
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crystal display
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谢畅
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US14/426,156 priority patent/US10191325B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2014/091257 priority patent/WO2016074253A1/zh
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133553Reflecting elements
    • G02F1/133555Transflectors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514Colour filters
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    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343Electrodes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/1368Active matrix addressed cells in which the switching element is a three-electrode device
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133742Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers for homeotropic alignment
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/12Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
    • G02F2201/121Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode common or background
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/12Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
    • G02F2201/123Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode pixel
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/09Function characteristic transflective
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0456Pixel structures with a reflective area and a transmissive area combined in one pixel, such as in transflectance pixels

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Abstract

本发明提供一种液晶显示装置及其液晶显示面板。该液晶显示面板的每一像素单元包括交错设置的反射区和透射区,且反射区对应设置反射层和公共电极、透射区对应设置像素电极和公共电极,通过对像素电极和公共电极施加电压,实现液晶显示面板的半透半反显示。通过上述方式,本发明采用的电极结构可降低驱动电压,提高光的透过率并增大显示视角,采用竖直取向可减少暗态漏光,提高显示对比度,并且采用单盒厚结构可降低制造工艺难度。

Description

液晶显示装置及其液晶显示面板
技术领域
本发明涉及液晶显示技术领域,特别是涉及一种半透半反的液晶显示面板以及具有该液晶显示面板的液晶显示装置。
背景技术
由于液晶分子自身不发光,因此液晶显示面板需要光源以显示图像,根据采用光源的类型,其可分为透射式、反射式和透反式。其中:透射式液晶显示面板以背光源作为光源,像素电极为透明电极作为透射区,有利于背光源的光线透射穿过液晶层以显示图像;反射式液晶显示面板以前光源或外界光源作为光源,具有良好反射特性材料的反射层作为反射区,适于将前光源或外界光源的光线反射;透反式液晶显示面板可视为透射式与反射式的结合,设置有反射区和透射区,可同时利用背光源、前光源或外界光源进行显示。
透反式液晶显示面板兼具透射式和反射式液晶显示面板的优点,既可以在暗的环境下显示明亮的图像,便于室内使用,也可以在室外使用。然而,现有的透反式液晶显示面板在实现半透半反的显示效果时,所需的驱动电压较大,能耗较大。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明实施例所要解决的技术问题是提供一种液晶显示装置及其液晶显示面板,采用新的电极结构以实现半透半反的显示效果,降低液晶显示面板的驱动电压。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的一个技术方案是:提供一种液晶显示面板,该液晶显示面板具有多个像素单元、相对间隔设置的第一基板和第二基板以及夹持于两者之间的液晶层,其中:每一像素单元包括交错设置的反射区和透射区,第一基板邻近液晶层的一侧设置有像素电极和反射层,且像素电极对应于透射区,反射层对应于反射区;第二基板邻近液晶层的一侧设置有公共电极,且公共电极对应于反射区和透射区;其中,为对应于透射区的像素电极和公共电极施加电压,实现液晶显示面板的半透半反显示。
其中,液晶层为负性液晶层,且在未施加电压时液晶层为竖直取向。
其中,每一像素单元还包括与像素电极连接且用于为像素电极提供驱动电压的薄膜晶体管。
其中,反射区和透射区的宽度不相等,且两者的盒厚相等。
其中,像素电极的宽度与反射层的宽度相等。
其中,公共电极为设置于第二基板上的一整面电极层。
其中,反射层为不透光的金属层。
其中,第一基板为阵列基板,第二基板为彩膜基板。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的另一个技术方案是:提供一种液晶显示装置,包括上述液晶显示面板。
其中,第一基板背向液晶层的一侧设置有第一偏光片,第二基板背向液晶层的一侧设置有第二偏光片,第一偏光片和第二偏光片均与反射区和透射区对应设置。
通过上述技术方案,本发明实施例所产生的有益效果是:本发明实施例设计液晶显示面板的每一像素单元包括交错设置的反射区和透射区,且反射区对应设置反射层和公共电极、透射区对应设置像素电极和公共电极,通过对像素电极和公共电极施加电压,而无需对反射区的反射层施加电压,即可控制实现液晶显示面板的半透半反显示,可大大降低液晶显示面板所需的驱动电压。
附图说明
图1是本发明优选实施例的液晶显示面板的结构剖视图;
图2是本发明优选实施例的像素单元未施加电压时的结构剖视图;
图3是本发明优选实施例的像素单元施加电压时的结构剖视图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,本发明以下所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
图1是本发明优选实施例的液晶显示面板的结构剖视图。请参阅图1所示,本实施例的液晶显示面板10包括第一基板11、第二基板12、液晶层13以及多个像素单元(未图示)。
第一基板11和第二基板12相对间隔设置,其中第一基板11为TFT(Thin Film Transistor,薄膜晶体管)阵列基板,第一基板11包括透明基体以及设置于透明基体上的各种配线和像素电极等,第二基板12为CF(color filter,彩色滤光片)彩膜基板。
液晶层13填充夹持于第一基板11和第二基板12之间,本实施例优选液晶层13包括介电各向异性(Dielectric Anisotropy)为负的液晶分子131以及混合于液晶分子131之中的多个反应单体。其中,液晶分子131为具有通过施加驱动电压即在特定方向上发生偏转取向特性的液晶材料,其通过施加的驱动电压的阀值以实现不同的偏转取向,并且在液晶显示面板10未施加电压时液晶层13(的液晶分子131)为竖直取向;反应单体为聚合性单体,其包括丙烯酸酯类树脂单体分子、甲基丙烯酸酯类树脂单体分子、乙烯基树脂单体分子、乙烯氧基树脂单体分子、环氧树脂单体分子等的任意组合。
图2是本发明优选实施例的像素单元的结构剖视图。鉴于液晶显示面板10中每个像素单元包括多个子像素,且每个像素单元的结构是类似的,下文以其中一个像素单元20为例进行说明。
请结合图1和图2所示,像素单元20包括对应区域的液晶层13,以及设置于第一基板11邻近液晶层13一侧的像素电极111和反射层112,设置于第二基板12邻近液晶层13一侧的公共电极121。
其中,优选反射层112为不透光金属或具有良好反光特性材料,优选公共电极121和像素电极111均为透明电极层,公共电极121和像素电极111的材料可以相同也可以不相同,例如为氧化铟锡(ITO)、氧化铟锌(IZO)或者是其他同时具有透光性和导电性的材料的任意组合。优选像素电极111的宽度与反射层112的宽度相等,且像素电极111与反射层112间隔设置在第一基板11上。
在本实施例中,像素单元20包括交错设置的反射区A和透射区B,反射区A和透射区B的宽度不相等,且两者的盒厚相等。像素电极111对应位于透射区B所限定的区域内,反射层112对应位于反射区A所限定的区域内,公共电极121对应位于反射区A和透射区B,优选公共电极121为设置于第二基板12上的一整面电极层。
请进一步结合图3所示,在为对应于透射区B的像素电极111和公共电极121施加电压时,无需为反射区A的反射层112施加电压。其中,第一基板11上形成有纵横交叉的数据线和扫描线,像素单元20的像素电极111设置于数据线和扫描线所限定的区域内,像素单元20通过与像素电极111连接的薄膜晶体管为像素电极111施加驱动电压,且像素电极111和公共电极121施加相同的电压。
施加电压时,对应于透射区B(像素电极111与公共电极121之间所对应的区域)的负性液晶分子131受竖直电场的影响而逐渐变偏转为水平排列,产生较大的水平相位延迟;而由于反射区A未设置像素电极111,相邻透射区B的像素电极111与反射区A对应的公共电极121之间形成倾斜电场,电场线呈倾斜方向排布,因此对应于反射区A(反射层112与公共电极121之间所对应的区域)的负性液晶分子131逐渐偏转为倾斜排列,产生较小的水平相位延迟。
假设透射区B的负性液晶分子131产生较大的水平相位延迟为Δn1,反射区A的负性液晶分子131产生较小的水平相位延迟为Δn2,通过对透射区B的像素电极111的宽度和相邻像素电极111的电极间距的优化,即可使得光线通过透射区B比通过反射区A产生更大的水平相位延迟,例如Δn1=2*Δn2。而反射区A的光线因为被反射层112反射的缘故相当于两次经过液晶层13,即d2=2*d1,其中d1表示光线通过透射区B的光程,d2表示光线通过反射区A的光程。
总体而言,光线通过透射区B的相位延迟量等于通过反射区A的相位延迟量,即Δn1*d1=Δn2*d2,实现透射区B和反射区A的相位延迟量的匹配,即可最终达到半透半反的显示效果。
基于上述,可知本实施例通过上述反射区A和透射区B的电极结构的设计,施加电压时采用均匀的竖直电场,能够保证各条电场线平行排列,从而降低液晶显示面板10所需的驱动电压,提高光的透过率,扩大显示视角;同时,仅通过为对应于透射区B的像素电极111和公共电极121施加电压,而无需对反射区A的反射层112施加电压,即可控制实现液晶显示面板20的半透半反显示;此外,由于采用负性的液晶层13,在不施加电压时液晶分子131竖直取向,可以减少暗态漏光,提高显示对比度;并且,反射区A和透射区B采用单盒厚结构,可降低液晶显示面板20的制造工艺难度。
本发明还提供一种液晶显示装置,包括上述实施例所述的液晶显示面板10,该液晶显示装置可以为智能手机、平板电脑、电视机、导航仪等具有显示功能的任何终端。
优选地,在第一基板11背向液晶层13的一侧设置有第一偏光片,第二基板12背向液晶层13的一侧设置有第二偏光片,第一偏光片和第二偏光片均与反射区A和透射区B对应设置。
再次说明,以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,例如各实施例之间技术特征的相互结合,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种液晶显示面板,具有多个像素单元、相对间隔设置的第一基板和第二基板以及夹持于两者之间的液晶层,其特征在于:
每一所述像素单元包括交错设置的反射区和透射区;
所述第一基板邻近所述液晶层的一侧设置有像素电极和反射层,且所述像素电极对应于所述透射区,所述反射层对应于所述反射区;
所述第二基板邻近所述液晶层的一侧设置有公共电极,且所述公共电极对应于所述反射区和所述透射区;
其中,为对应于所述透射区的所述像素电极和所述公共电极施加电压,实现所述液晶显示面板的半透半反显示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板,其特征在于,所述液晶层为负性液晶层,且在未施加电压时所述液晶层为竖直取向。
3.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板,其特征在于,每一所述像素单元还包括与所述像素电极连接且用于为所述像素电极提供驱动电压的薄膜晶体管。
4.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板,其特征在于,所述反射区和所述透射区的宽度不相等,且两者的盒厚相等。
5.根据权利要求4所述的液晶显示面板,其特征在于,所述像素电极的宽度与所述反射层的宽度相等。
6.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板,其特征在于,所述公共电极为设置于所述第二基板上的一整面电极层。
7.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板,其特征在于,所述反射层为不透光的金属层。
8.根据权利要求1-7所述的液晶显示面板,其特征在于,所述第一基板为阵列基板,所述第二基板为彩膜基板。
9.一种液晶显示装置,其特征在于,所述液晶显示装置包括权利要求1-8任意一项所述的液晶显示面板。
10.根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,所述第一基板背向所述液晶层的一侧设置有第一偏光片,所述第二基板背向所述液晶层的一侧设置有第二偏光片,所述第一偏光片和所述第二偏光片均与所述反射区和所述透射区对应设置。
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