CN104360415B - A kind of method of tight sandstone reservoir crack identification - Google Patents
A kind of method of tight sandstone reservoir crack identification Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods of tight sandstone reservoir crack identification, belong to the logging technique field using Conventional Logs identification crack, by analyzing the relation between individual well INTERVAL FRACTURE LOG RESPONSE METHOD characteristic parameter, establish the relevant feature parameters of individual well crack identification, and then using weighted arithmetical average, build crack comprehensive evaluation model parameter --- crack composite index, it realizes and identifies crack by analyzing the size of crack composite index in individual well crack tight sandstone reservoir section to be identified, the tight sandstone reservoir crack identification method can be accurate, reliably identify crack interval, foundation is provided for the reasonable effective exploitation of tight sand oil-gas reservoir.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of tight sandstone reservoir crack identification, belong to and identify crack using Conventional Logs
Logging technique field.
Background technology
The feature of special low porosity and low permeability is integrally presented in tight sandstone reservoir, and often has certain fracture development, crack
In the presence of the percolation ability for significantly improving reservoir, such oil-gas reservoir is promoted to reach the exploitation scale with industrial value, and it is fine and close
The problem accurately identified on always such reservoir exploration and development in sandstone reservoir crack.
Existing Conventional Logs identification crack has following three kinds:First method is the al-lateral resistivity method of difference, when
When not having in crack and stratum without radial direction change in resistance, the lateral resistivity of the depth should be overlapped, and horizontal fracture can be strengthened
The focussing force of laterolog, makes the resistance of measurement reduce, and horizontal fracture to deep lateral focussing force than it is shallow it is lateral more
By force, it is negative variance, effective conductive section of high angle frature is in footpath so that deep lateral resistivity value is less than shallow lateral resistivity
It is constant upwards, and the conductive section of hole is gradually increased on the radial, therefore in shallow lateral logging investigative range, crack
With the ratio between effective conductive section of hole much larger than deep lateral log, so that deep lateral resistivity value is more than shallow lateral resistivity
Value is positive variance, but due to being influenced be subject to Mud Invasion Depth, the possible big section of the lateral resistivity of the depth has differences,
Using al-lateral resistivity method of difference qualitative recognition crack, there are the features of certainty difference;Second method is deep lateral resistivity
Characteristic method, since the intrusion of drilling fluid causes to fall under the deep lateral resistivity at crack is apparent, but due to the presence of shale band
It also tends to cause to fall under deep lateral resistivity, easily be judged by accident using deep lateral resistivity characteristic method qualitative recognition crack;3rd
Kind of method is interval transit time characteristic method, and the presence in crack can cause interval transit time, and locally increase is even cycle skipping, but wellbore
It collapses, also tend to instruction interval transit time locally increased feature under the conditions of reservoir gas-bearing and reservoir undercompaction etc., utilizing sound
Also often judge by accident in ripple time difference characteristic method qualitative recognition crack.
During using art methods identification tight sandstone reservoir crack, the al-lateral resistivity method of difference, depth
Lateral Resistivity Characteristics method and interval transit time characteristic method are there are the defects of certainty is poor, artificial qualitative, easy erroneous judgement, these methods
Reservoir fissure development situation can not accurately be characterized, obstacle is brought to the effective exploitation of tight sand fractured reservoirs.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to above-mentioned art methods is overcome to be deposited during identification tight sandstone reservoir crack
Certainty is poor, artificial qualitative, easy erroneous judgement the defects of, a kind of method of tight sandstone reservoir crack identification is provided.
Technical solution of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1st, the relevant feature parameters of individual well crack identification are established:
1.1 utilize deep lateral resistivity RLLDWith shallow lateral resistivity RLLS, establish identification fracture index ISD, embody
Formula is
ISD=| (RLLD-RLLS)|/RLLD (1)
1.2 determine matrix rock resistivity R using natural gammaLLD is fitted, establish natural gamma and deep lateral resistivity RLLD
The related coefficient I of intersectionGR-LLD, expression is
IGR-LLD=RLLD is fitted/RLLD-1 (2)
1.3 determine matrix acoustic wave of rock time difference DT using compensated neutronFitting, establish individual well compensated neutron and interval transit time DT
The related coefficient I of intersectionDT-CNL, expression is
IDT-CNL=DT/DTFitting-1 (3)
2nd, crack comprehensive evaluation model parameter is built:Joined using the correlated characteristic for the individual well crack identification established in step 1
Number using weighted arithmetical average, builds crack composite index I, and expression is
In formula, α, β, γ are respectively the weight coefficient of each evaluation coefficient, and value is 0 or 1.
3rd, according to well-log information, individual well crack tight sandstone reservoir section related logging response characteristic parameters to be identified are obtained,
Crack composite index I is determined using (4) formula in step 2, in individual well crack tight sandstone reservoir section identification crack to be identified:
3.1 choose individual well crack tight sandstone reservoir section to be identified, read the corresponding deep side of each depth-sampling point of the well section
To the logging response character value of resistivity, shallow lateral resistivity, interval transit time, natural gamma and compensated neutron, step 2 is utilized
(4) formula determines the crack composite index of each depth-sampling point of individual well crack tight sandstone reservoir section to be identified;
3.2 in individual well crack tight sandstone reservoir section to be identified, is split by the size for analyzing crack composite index I to identify
Seam, i.e.,:In crack, composite index I is more than zero interval, and there are cracks;And crack composite index I is equal or close to zero layer
Section, there is no cracks.
According to a kind of method of tight sandstone reservoir crack identification of the present invention, rung by analyzing individual well fracture logging
The relation between characteristic parameter is answered, establishes the relevant feature parameters of individual well crack identification, and then using weighted arithmetical average, structure
Building crack comprehensive evaluation model parameter --- crack composite index I is realized in individual well crack tight sandstone reservoir section to be identified,
Crack is identified by analyzing the size of crack composite index, which can accurately, reliably
Identify crack interval, provide foundation for the reasonable effective exploitation of tight sand oil-gas reservoir.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is technical solution of the present invention FB(flow block);
Fig. 2 is general 4 borehole logging tool of the light combination of the Chinese puguang gas field worked out using the present invention and fracture parameters evaluation effect figure.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, using general 4 well of light of Chinese puguang gas field as embodiment, the present invention is described further:
1st, the relevant feature parameters of individual well crack identification are established:
1.1 utilize deep lateral resistivity RLLDWith shallow lateral resistivity RLLS, establish identification fracture index ISD:Based on for depth
Lateral resistivity RLLD, shallow lateral resistivity RLLSThe feature of the poor ratio of intrusion, when becoming in no crack and stratum without radial direction resistivity
During change, deep lateral resistivity RLLD, shallow lateral resistivity RLLSShould overlap, and in the presence of crack, the depth on stratum is lateral
Resistivity RLLD, shallow lateral resistivity RLLSThere are certain principal-employment exclusive or negative variance, the identification fracture index I of foundationSDSpecific table
It is up to formula
ISD=| (RLLD-RLLS)|/RLLD (5)
It is analyzed according to (5) formula, the presence in tight sandstone reservoir crack can cause natural gamma and deep lateral resistivity to intersect
Related coefficient IGR-LLDMore than zero;
1.2 determine matrix rock resistivity R using natural gammaLLD is fitted, establish natural gamma and deep lateral resistivity RLLD
The related coefficient I of intersectionGR-LLD:In non-crack interval, since hole is with respect to agensis, the resistivity of sandstone layer is variate, natural
Gamma is low value, and formation resistivity reduces when shale increases, and natural gamma value also increases, and natural gamma and resistivity are in preferable
Logarithmic relationship, and when in stratum develop crack when, since the intrusion of drilling fluid causes to fall under the resistivity at crack is apparent,
In resistivity and natural gamma cross plot, the correlated characteristic of fracture layers and the difference of non-fractured reservoir are apparent, utilize as a result, certainly
Right gamma curve GR and deep lateral resistivity RLLDIntersection relation, determine matrix rock resistivity RLLD is fittedRelational expression can represent
For
RLLD is fitted=10a+bGR (6)
In formula, undetermined coefficient a, b can be acquired by least square method
Wherein, m be applied to the Fitting Calculation sampled point number, GRiFor the natural gamma value of ith sample point, RLLDi
For the deep lateral resistivity value of ith sample point, natural gamma and deep lateral resistivity R are establishedLLDThe related coefficient of intersection
IGR-LLDDifferentiate crack, expression is
IGR-LLD=RLLD is fitted/RLLD-1 (9)
In tight sandstone reservoir in the presence of crack, often lead to fall under deep lateral resistivity response, foundation
(9) formula is analyzed, the related coefficient I that natural gamma and deep lateral resistivity can be caused to intersectGR-LLDMore than zero;
1.3 determine matrix acoustic wave of rock time difference DT using compensated neutronFitting, establish individual well compensated neutron and interval transit time DT
The related coefficient I of intersectionDT-CNL:Shown by INTERVAL FRACTURE LOG RESPONSE METHOD properties study in tight sand since compensated neutron reflects
Total hydrogen index feature, in close relations with lithology near well week, but can hardly reflect the presence in crack, and acoustic logging is bent
Line low angle and oblique crack are reflected it is sensitive, when being jumped in stratum since crack causes interval transit time numerical value to increase or occur cycle
It during jump, can substantially be identified, interval transit time CNL and compensated neutron DT log well in the tight sandstone reservoir section of non-fracture development
In good linear relationship, matrix acoustic wave of rock time difference DT is determined as a result,FittingRelational expression be represented by
DTFitting=c+dCNL (10)
Undetermined coefficient c, d can be acquired by least square method
Wherein, k is the number of the sampled point applied to the Fitting Calculation;CNLiFor the compensated neutron value of ith sample point;DTi
For the interval transit time value of ith sample point, compensated neutron and the related coefficient I of interval transit time DT intersections are establishedDT-CNLIt is split to differentiate
Seam, expression are
IDT-CNL=DT/DTFitting-1 (13)
In tight sandstone reservoir in the presence of crack, interval transit time DT responses can be caused to increase, according to (13)
Formula is analyzed, and can cause compensated neutron and the related coefficient I of interval transit time intersectionDT-CNLMore than zero.
2nd, crack comprehensive evaluation model parameter is built:Due to the difference of crack angle, trend, depositional environment etc., step is utilized
The relevant feature parameters for the individual well crack identification established in rapid 1, including identifying fracture index ISD, natural gamma and deep lateral resistance
The related coefficient I of rate intersectionGR-LLD, compensated neutron and interval transit time intersection related coefficient IDT-CNLReflect degree existing for crack
It has differences, using weighted arithmetical average, builds crack composite index I, expression is
In formula, α, β, γ are respectively the weight coefficient of each evaluation coefficient, and value is 0 or 1, and the definite of α, β, γ is to pass through analysis
Tight sandstone reservoir section deep lateral resistivity RLLDWith shallow lateral resistivity RLLSDifference, deep lateral resistivity RLLDWhether fall down,
And and interval transit time DT whether significantly increase it is definite, if in tight sandstone reservoir section deep lateral resistivity RLLDWith it is shallow lateral
Resistivity RLLSNotable difference is locally lain in, and the non-big segment difference of the difference is different, the value of α is 1, is otherwise 0, if being stored up in tight sand
Interval deep lateral resistivity RLLDIn the presence of fall trend, the value of β is 1, is otherwise 0, if in tight sandstone reservoir section interval transit time DT
It significantly increases, the value of γ is 1, is otherwise 0.
3rd, according to well-log information, individual well crack tight sandstone reservoir section related logging response characteristic parameters to be identified are obtained,
It determines the relevant feature parameters of individual well crack identification, crack composite index is determined using (14) formula in step 2, in individual well
Crack tight sandstone reservoir section identification crack to be identified:
3.1 choose Chinese puguang gas field No. 63 floor of general 4 well of light (3798.2~3807.8 meters) as shown in Figure 2 treats for crack
Identify tight sandstone reservoir section, the 4th solid line and dotted line are respectively deep lateral resistivity R in Fig. 2LLDWith shallow lateral resistivity
RLLSCurve, the solid line of second is gamma ray curve, and the 5th solid line and dotted line are respectively in interval transit time DT and compensation
Sub- curve CNL reads the corresponding deep lateral resistivity R of each depth-sampling point of the well sectionLLD, shallow lateral resistivity RLLS, sound wave when
The logging response character value of poor DT, natural gamma GR and compensated neutron CNL determine the relevant feature parameters of crack identification, including
Identify fracture index ISD, natural gamma and deep lateral resistivity intersection related coefficient IGR-LLD, compensated neutron and interval transit time hand over
The related coefficient I of meetingDT-CNL, using the crack composite index I expression formulas of step 2, with reference to the borehole logging tool curve generalization log response
Feature, due to deep lateral resistivity RLLDWith shallow lateral resistivity RLLSBetween difference be not obvious, deep lateral resistivity RLLDIt is bright
Fall under aobvious, interval transit time also significantly increases, therefore weight coefficient α is 0, β 1, γ 1, finally determines that individual well crack waits to know
Solid line in the crack composite index I of other each depth-sampling point of tight sandstone reservoir section, Fig. 2 the tenth is definite crack synthesis
The curve of index I.
3.2 are split in individual well crack tight sandstone reservoir section to be identified by analyzing the size of crack composite index to identify
Seam:Due to difference of the crack on deep lateral resistivity, shallow lateral resistivity and interval transit time logging response character, can cause to know
Other fracture index ISD, natural gamma and deep lateral resistivity intersection related coefficient IGR-LLD, compensated neutron and interval transit time intersection
Related coefficient IDT-CNLThe feature more than zero is presented, the crack composite index of crack interval is caused to be more than zero;And in non-fracture layers
Section, identification crack seam index ISD, natural gamma and deep lateral resistivity intersection related coefficient IGR-LLD, interval transit time and compensation
The related coefficient I of neutron intersectionDT-CNLFor be equal to or very close to zero feature, cause the crack composite index of non-crack interval
Equal or close to zero, therefore can be split by analyzing crack interval and the difference of non-crack interval crack composite index to identify
Seam, No. 63 floor in Fig. 2 are the crack tight sandstone reservoir section to be identified chosen, and the tenth solid line is true by step 2 in Fig. 2
The curve of fixed crack composite index I, value are all significantly greater than 0 in 63.1 and No. 63.2 two small intervals, it is believed that two layers
Section is consistent with actual result of core analysis there are crack.Above example has absolutely proved that the tight sandstone reservoir crack is known
The feasibility and validity of other method, the reasonable effective exploitation for tight sand slit formation oil-gas reservoir provide technical support.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. method of tight sandstone reservoir crack identification, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:(1) relevant feature parameters of individual well crack identification are established, including identifying fracture index ISD, natural gamma and deep lateral resistance The related coefficient I of rate intersectionGR-LLD, compensated neutron and interval transit time intersection related coefficient IDT-CNL;(2) crack comprehensive evaluation model is built:Using the relevant feature parameters for the individual well crack identification established in step (1), adopt With weighted arithmetical average, crack composite index I is built, expression is<mrow> <mi>I</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> <mi>D</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&beta;</mi> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow> <mi>G</mi> <mi>R</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mi>D</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow> <mi>D</mi> <mi>T</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&beta;</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&gamma;</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>In formula, α, β, γ are respectively the weight coefficient of each evaluation coefficient, and value is 0 or 1;(3) according to well-log information, individual well crack tight sandstone reservoir section related logging response characteristic parameters to be identified are obtained, including Deep lateral resistivity, shallow lateral resistivity, interval transit time, natural gamma and compensated neutron determine the phase of individual well crack identification Characteristic parameter is closed, determines that individual well crack tight sand to be identified stores up using the expression formula of the crack composite index I in step (2) The crack composite index of interval, in individual well crack tight sandstone reservoir section to be identified by analyze the size of crack composite index come Identify crack, i.e.,:In crack, composite index is more than zero interval, and there are cracks;And crack composite index is equal or close to zero Interval, there is no cracks;Wherein, the definite of α, β, γ is by analyzing tight sandstone reservoir section deep lateral resistivity RLLDWith shallow lateral resistivity RLLS Difference, deep lateral resistivity RLLDWhether fall down and interval transit time DT whether significantly increase it is definite;Establish natural gamma and the related coefficient I of deep lateral resistivity intersectionGR-LLDComprise the following steps:(1) matrix rock resistivity R is determined using gamma ray curveLLD is fitted;(2) natural gamma and the related coefficient I of deep lateral resistivity intersection are establishedGR-LLD, expression isIGR-LLD=RLLD is fitted/RLLD-1;Establish compensated neutron and the related coefficient I of interval transit time intersectionDT-CNLComprise the following steps:(1) matrix acoustic wave of rock time difference DT is determined using compensated neutronFitting;(2) compensated neutron and the related coefficient I of interval transit time intersection are establishedDT-CNL, expression isIDT-CNL=DT/DTFitting-1。
- 2. the method for tight sandstone reservoir crack identification according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Determine identification fracture index ISDIt is to utilize deep lateral resistivity RLLDWith shallow lateral resistivity RLLSIn the difference of tight sand crack interval, expression ForISD=| (RLLD-RLLS)|/RLLD。
- 3. the method for tight sandstone reservoir crack identification according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:If it is stored up in tight sand Interval deep lateral resistivity RLLDWith shallow lateral resistivity RLLSNotable difference is locally lain in, and the non-big segment difference of the difference is different, the value of α It is otherwise 0 for 1;If in tight sandstone reservoir section deep lateral resistivity RLLDIn the presence of fall trend, the value of β is 1, is otherwise 0;If It is significantly increased in tight sandstone reservoir section interval transit time DT, the value of γ is 1, is otherwise 0.
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