CN104360368B - The data processing method of pulse signal in a kind of alarm to personal dose - Google Patents
The data processing method of pulse signal in a kind of alarm to personal dose Download PDFInfo
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- CN104360368B CN104360368B CN201410723919.3A CN201410723919A CN104360368B CN 104360368 B CN104360368 B CN 104360368B CN 201410723919 A CN201410723919 A CN 201410723919A CN 104360368 B CN104360368 B CN 104360368B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of data processing methods of pulse signal in alarm to personal dose, judge whether radiation intensity is changed by certain decision rule, to select reading of the average pulses per second of different time length as personal dose's alarm, the steady-state behaviour and dynamic property of instrument have been taken into account：So that instrument is moderate to the susceptibility of nuclear radiation Strength Changes, instrument can obtain smaller steady-state error when radiation intensity does not change；Instrument can quickly follow the variation of external radiation intensity when radiation intensity changes.
Description
Technical field
It is the invention belongs to the data processing field of activity-sensing equipment, more particularly to a kind of to personal dose's alarm middle arteries
The data processing method of signal is rushed, which is worn on the person, for monitoring the core in human peripheral's environment
Radiation intensity.
Background technology
Personal dose's alarm be it is a kind of be used for monitor dose equivalent rate and dosage that X-ray and gamma-rays irradiate human body
The electronic instrument of equivalent.The major function of personal dose's alarm is sent out in the case where radiation intensity is more than protection limit value
Alarm signal reminds wear one member, prevents excessive exposure.Meanwhile in the case where radiation intensity is stablized, provide accurately
Dose equivalent rate indicating value.Therefore, the reading needs of personal dose's alarm take into account dynamic and steady-state behaviour.
In general, the element of personal dose's alarm includes radiation detector, radiation signal processing circuit,
Algorithm unit.The both ends of radiation detector are equipped with high pressure, and X-ray and gamma-rays enter radiation detector, can interact therewith,
The energy that ray accumulates in detector makes the part neutral atom in radiation detector ionize, the ion for ionizing out
To drifting about under electric field action, pulse signal, and dose equivalent rate and pulse signal are formed in radiation signal processing circuit front end
Number it is directly proportional.
Radiation signal processing circuit is responsible for being amplified the pulse that detector exports and shaping, is then fed into algorithm and work(
It can unit.Algorithm unit is mainly responsible for carries out data processing to pulse signal, and the pulse number in its unit of account time utilizes
It calculates dose equivalent rate, is then shown to result by instrument display.
Since the interaction between ray and detector is random, under same radiation intensity, regular time
The pulse signal number of interior generation is also different, which obeys Poisson distribution, there is statistic fluctuation.In order to reduce random fluctuation
To the influence that the judgement whether radiation intensity changes generates, the prior art generally takes the method that number of pulses takes sliding average.
For example, nearest 60 seconds pulse numbers per second are averaged, as the umber of pulse at current time, in the feelings that radiation intensity is constant
Under condition, the time span being averaged is longer, and obtained average pulses per second is more accurate, i.e. the reading of personal dose's alarm
Steady-state error it is smaller.In the case where radiation intensity changes, the time span being averaged is shorter, is more conducive in time
It was found that the variation of radiation field so that personal dose's alarm is sensitiveer, to triggering alarm earlier, avoids radiation accident, i.e.,
The dynamic property of personal dose's alarm is better.
Technical barrier existing for currently available technology is, in the case where radiation intensity is unknown, how accurate judgement instrument
Whether the radiation intensity of surrounding is changed.It is average every even if radiation intensity does not change due to the presence of random fluctuation
The umber of pulse of second also can be different, caused by how we judge that this variation is the variation of radiation intensity, or by statistic fluctuation
It is caused, it needs to provide judgment method.If being partial to the stability of personal dose's alarm to the data processing of pulse signal
Can, then it is blunt to the reacting condition of radiation intensity to be likely to result in the instrument, cannot and alarm, so as to make human body by
To excessive radiation exposure；It, can if being partial to the data processing of pulse signal the dynamic property of personal dose's alarm
The instrument can be caused excessively sensitive, even if radiation intensity does not change, as the influence of random fluctuation causes to judge by accident, from
And influence the normal use of the instrument.Therefore, how the steady-state behaviour and dynamic property of balance instrument, become urgently to be resolved hurrily
Problem.
Invention content
Place in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of to personal dose's alarm middle arteries
Rush the data processing method of signal so that the instrument can take into account the steady-state behaviour and dynamic property of instrument.
Technical scheme of the present invention is summarized as follows：
The data processing method of pulse signal, includes the following steps in a kind of alarm to personal dose：
Step 1) records each second umber of pulse when personal dose's alarm starts；
Step 2) calculates the average pulses per second C1 in from current time to T1 time spans forward；It calculates from working as
Average pulses per second C2 in the preceding moment to T2 time spans forward；Wherein, T1 and T2 is positive integer, and T1 ＞ T2；
Step 3) sets up one for judging the threshold value θ 1 whether nuclear radiation intensity is stablized；θ 1=K1*C1 are set,
In, K1 is constant；
One is set up for judging the threshold value θ 2 whether nuclear radiation intensity is changed；θ 2=K2*C1 are set,
In, K2 is constant；
Also, K2 >=K1, so that 2 >=θ of θ 1；
If step 4) reading of the moment using C1 as personal dose's alarm before, when C1 and C2 difference it is absolute
When being worth continuous N time more than θ 2, then judge that the nuclear radiation intensity at current time is changed, is alarmed as personal dose using C2
The reading of instrument；If condition is not satisfied, the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization at current time is judged, alarmed as personal dose using C1
The reading of instrument；Wherein, the positive integer that M is >=1；
If reading of the moment using C2 as personal dose's alarm before, when the absolute value of the difference of C1 and C2 is continuous
When n times are less than θ 1, then the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization at current time, the reading using C1 as personal dose's alarm are judged；If
Condition is not satisfied, then judges that the nuclear radiation intensity at current time is unstable, still uses C2 as personal dose's alarm
Reading；Wherein, the positive integer that N is >=1.
Preferably, in the alarm to personal dose pulse signal data processing method, step 2)~step
4) circulate operation per second is primary.
Preferably, in the alarm to personal dose pulse signal data processing method, 30≤T1≤70,3
≤T2≤20。
Preferably, in the alarm to personal dose pulse signal data processing method, 0 ＜ K1≤3,0 ＜
K2≤3。
Preferably, in the alarm to personal dose pulse signal data processing method, when C1*T1 >=20
When, K1=L1/sqrt (C1*T1), K2=L2/sqrt (C1*T1), wherein L1 and L2 is constant, and L1≤L2.
Preferably, in the alarm to personal dose pulse signal data processing method, 0 ＜ L1≤3,0 ＜
L2≤3。
Preferably, in the alarm to personal dose pulse signal data processing method, M≤T2.
Preferably, in the alarm to personal dose pulse signal data processing method, N≤T1.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：This case is by proposing a kind of judgment method of completely new number of pulses variation, very well
The steady-state behaviour and dynamic property of instrument are taken into account in ground so that instrument is moderate to the susceptibility of nuclear radiation Strength Changes so that instrument
Device can quickly follow the variation of external radiation intensity when radiation intensity changes, and not change in radiation intensity
When, smaller steady-state error can be obtained.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to enable those skilled in the art with reference to specification
Word can be implemented according to this.
The data processing method of pulse signal, includes the following steps in a kind of alarm to personal dose：
Step 1) records each second umber of pulse when personal dose's alarm starts；
Step 2) calculates the average pulses per second C1 in from current time to T1 time spans forward；It calculates from working as
Average pulses per second C2 in the preceding moment to T2 time spans forward；Wherein, T1 and T2 is positive integer, and T1 ＞ T2；
Step 3) sets up one for judging the threshold value θ 1 whether nuclear radiation intensity is stablized；θ 1=K1*C1 are set,
In, K1 is constant；
One is set up for judging the threshold value θ 2 whether nuclear radiation intensity is changed；θ 2=K2*C1 are set,
In, K2 is constant；
Also, K2 >=K1, so that 2 >=θ of θ 1；
If step 4) reading of the moment using C1 as personal dose's alarm before, when C1 and C2 difference it is absolute
When being worth continuous N time more than θ 2, then judge that the nuclear radiation intensity at current time is changed, is alarmed as personal dose using C2
The reading of instrument；If condition is not satisfied, the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization at current time is judged, alarmed as personal dose using C1
The reading of instrument；Wherein, the positive integer that M is >=1；
If reading of the moment using C2 as personal dose's alarm before, when the absolute value of the difference of C1 and C2 is continuous
When n times are less than θ 1, then the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization at current time, the reading using C1 as personal dose's alarm are judged；If
Condition is not satisfied, then judges that the nuclear radiation intensity at current time is unstable, still uses C2 as personal dose's alarm
Reading；Wherein, the positive integer that N is >=1.
Wherein, step 2)~step 4) circulate operation per second is primary, so that the decision procedure can constantly take sliding
It is average, to calculate average pulses per second, and constantly change in radiation intensity is judged.
The standard deviation of random quantity C1 is C1/sqrt (C1*T1).
As C1*T1 >=20, Poisson distribution can be approximated to be normal distribution.According to theoretical research, there are 3 σ for normal distribution
Probability of the absolute value of criterion, i.e. deviation and average value more than 3 σ is 0.003.
When radiation intensity is constant, the probability of standard deviation of the absolute value of the difference single more than 3 times of C1 and C2 is 0.003,
This indicates that it is very little that the probability of such situation, which occurs,.Therefore, in instrument in use, the absolute value of the difference of C1 and C2 once occurs
The event of standard deviation of the single more than 3 times, so that it may which judgement is that external radiation intensity is changed.3 times of standard deviations of C1 are taken to be
Judge the upper limit value of the changed thresholding θ of radiation intensity 2, i.e. K2≤3/sqrt (C1*T1)；When threshold value θ 2 takes more than C1's
It is unfavorable for the dynamic property of raising system when 3 times of standard deviations.
When radiation intensity is constant, if probability of the absolute value of the difference single of C1 and C2 more than θ 2 is p2, continuous N time is big
The M powers for being p2 in the probability of θ 2, the probability that the latter occurs are lower.When rate of false alarm reduces, rate of failing to report will increase.Therefore M
Value should not be too large.On the other hand, M is excessive will also result in instrument response and slows.Particularly, when M is more than T2, can weaken
C2 embodies the dynamic advantage of instrument, so M≤T2.
Parameter M and θ 2 is closely related, and when θ 2 obtains larger, M can also obtain smaller；When the acquirements of θ 2 are smaller, M can
It is more larger to obtain.
There are 3 σ criterion for normal distribution, i.e. probability of the absolute value of deviation and average value less than 3 σ is 0.997.Therefore, when
When this event of standard deviation of the absolute value of the difference single of C1 and C2 less than 3 times occurs, we just can determine whether that radiation intensity is steady
It is fixed.It is the upper limit value for the thresholding θ 1 for judging that radiation intensity is stablized, i.e. K1≤3/sqrt (C1* that we, which take 3 times of standard deviations of C1,
T1), it is unfavorable for improving the dynamic property of instrument when threshold value θ 1 obtains 3 times of standard deviations more than C1.
If probability of the absolute value of the difference single of C1 and C2 less than θ 1 is p1, then the N that probability of the continuous n times less than θ 1 is p1
Power, the probability that the latter occurs are lower.When rate of false alarm reduces, rate of failing to report will increase.Therefore N values should not be too large.It is another
Aspect, N is excessive to be will also result in instrument response and slows.Particularly, when N is more than T1, it will increase the negative of instrument data storage
Load；So N≤T1.
Parameter N and θ 1 is closely related, and when θ 1 obtains larger, N can also obtain more larger；When the acquirements of θ 1 are smaller, N can
It is smaller to obtain.
For the usually used real-time system of personal dosimeter, it is a relatively difficult thing to calculate evolution.I
The simplification in certain engineering is done to the upper limit 3/sqrt (C1*T1) of K1 and K2.In general, C1*T1 is >=1 positive integer,
To which the maximum value of K1 and K2 is 3.Therefore this case limit the value range of K1 and K2 as：0 ＜ K1≤3,0 K2≤3 ＜.And it is more excellent
Choosing, under true natural environment, when detector detection efficient is higher, general C1*T1 >=20, K1=L1/ at this time
Sqrt (C1*T1), K2=L2/sqrt (C1*T1), wherein L1 and L2 is constant, and L1≤L2,0 ＜ L1≤3,0 L2≤3 ＜.
When parameter within this range, the judgement of instrument is better.In addition, the range of T1 and T2 should also be limited, if from instrument is taken into account
Dynamic and steady-state behaviour angle go to select, then preferably 30≤T1≤70,3≤T2≤20, if T1 ＜ 30, C1 is partial to
Dynamically；If T1 ＞ 70, so that C1 has deviateed most really closest to the Steady-state Parameters at current time, the drop of instrumental sensitivity is caused
It is low；If T2 ＜ 3, so that C2 is partial to random fluctuation, data are unstable, cause to misrepresent deliberately；If T2 ＞ 20, cause C2 to be partial to
Steady state data causes instrument judgement blunt.
Embodiment 1
(1) storage current time pulses per second in 60 seconds forward.Take the average value conduct of this pulses per second in 60 seconds
First alternative reading value of the pulses per second at current time, the length of window of sliding average is 60 at this time, corresponding reading
For C60；The average value for the pulses per second in 10 seconds forward that takes current time is alternative as second of current time pulses per second
Reading value, the length of window of sliding average is 10 at this time, and corresponding reading is C10.When instrument is just run, C is selected60It is aobvious for instrument
The reading shown.
(2) the thresholding θ 2=1.6*C for judging change in radiation intensity are enabled60, enable the thresholding θ 1=for judging that radiation intensity is stablized
1.0*C60.If in continuous 5 seconds, C60And C10Absolute value of the difference be more than thresholding θ 2, then it is assumed that radiation intensity is changed,
In order to quickly track the variation, C is taken10For instrument readings.
(3) if in continuous 10 seconds C60And C10Absolute value of the difference be less than thresholding θ 1, then it is assumed that radiation intensity is steady
It is fixed, take C60For instrument readings.
Embodiment 2
(1) storage current time pulses per second in 70 seconds forward.Take the average value conduct of this pulses per second in 70 seconds
First alternative reading value of the pulses per second at current time, the length of window of sliding average is 70 at this time, corresponding reading
For C70；The average value for the pulses per second in 20 seconds forward that takes current time is alternative as second of current time pulses per second
Reading value, the length of window of sliding average is 20 at this time, and corresponding reading is C20.When instrument is just run, C is selected70It is aobvious for instrument
The reading shown.
(2) the thresholding θ 2=3*C for judging change in radiation intensity are enabled70, enable the thresholding θ 1=1* for judging that radiation intensity is stablized
C70；.If in continuous 15 seconds, C70And C20Absolute value of the difference be more than thresholding θ 2, then it is assumed that radiation intensity is changed, and is
The variation in quick tracking, takes C20For instrument readings.
(3) if in continuous 5 seconds C70And C20Absolute value of the difference be less than thresholding θ 1, then it is assumed that radiation intensity is stable,
Take C70For instrument readings.
Embodiment 3
(1) storage current time pulses per second in 60 seconds forward.Take the average value conduct of this pulses per second in 60 seconds
First alternative reading value of the pulses per second at current time, the length of window of sliding average is 60 at this time, corresponding reading
For C60；The average value for the pulses per second in 10 seconds forward that takes current time is alternative as second of current time pulses per second
Reading value, the length of window of sliding average is 10 at this time, and corresponding reading is C10.When instrument is just run, C is selected60It is aobvious for instrument
The reading shown.
(2) the thresholding θ 2=0.8*C for judging change in radiation intensity are enabled60, enable the thresholding θ 1=for judging that radiation intensity is stablized
0.5*C60；If in continuous 10 seconds, C60And C10Absolute value of the difference be more than thresholding θ 2, then it is assumed that radiation intensity is changed,
In order to quickly track the variation, C is taken10For instrument readings.
(3) if in continuous 8 seconds C60And C10Absolute value of the difference be less than thresholding θ 1, then it is assumed that radiation intensity is stable,
Take C60For instrument readings.
Embodiment 4
(1) storage current time pulses per second in 60 seconds forward.Take the average value conduct of this pulses per second in 60 seconds
First alternative reading value of the pulses per second at current time, the length of window of sliding average is 60 at this time, corresponding reading
For C60；The average value for the pulses per second in 10 seconds forward that takes current time is alternative as second of current time pulses per second
Reading value, the length of window of sliding average is 10 at this time, and corresponding reading is C10.When instrument is just run, C is selected60It is aobvious for instrument
The reading shown.
(2) the thresholding θ 2=1*C for judging change in radiation intensity are enabled60, enable the thresholding θ 1=1* for judging that radiation intensity is stablized
C60；If in continuous 8 seconds, C60And C10Absolute value of the difference be more than thresholding θ 2, then it is assumed that radiation intensity is changed, in order to
Quickly upper variation of tracking, takes C10For instrument readings.
(3) if in continuous 2 seconds C60And C10Absolute value of the difference be less than thresholding θ 1, then it is assumed that radiation intensity is stable,
Take C60For instrument readings.
Embodiment 5
(1) storage current time pulses per second in 30 seconds forward.Take the average value conduct of this pulses per second in 30 seconds
First alternative reading value of the pulses per second at current time, the length of window of sliding average is 30 at this time, corresponding reading
For C30；The average value for the pulses per second in 3 seconds forward that takes current time is alternative as second of current time pulses per second
Reading value, the length of window of sliding average is 3 at this time, and corresponding reading is C3.When instrument is just run, C is selected30It is shown for instrument
Reading.
(2) the thresholding θ 2=0.3*C for judging change in radiation intensity are enabled30, enable the thresholding θ 1=for judging that radiation intensity is stablized
0.1*C30If in continuous 10 seconds, C30And C3Absolute value of the difference be more than thresholding θ 2, then it is assumed that radiation intensity is changed, and is
The variation in quick tracking, takes C3For instrument readings.
(3) if in continuous 3 seconds C30And C3Absolute value of the difference be less than thresholding θ 1, then it is assumed that radiation intensity is stable,
Take C30For instrument readings.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details.
Claims (8)
1. the data processing method of pulse signal, includes the following steps in a kind of alarm to personal dose：
Step 1) records each second umber of pulse when personal dose's alarm starts；
Step 2) calculates the average pulses per second C1 in from current time to T1 time spans forward；Calculate from it is current when
It carves to the average pulses per second C2 in T2 time spans forward；Wherein, T1 and T2 is positive integer, and T1 ＞ T2；
Step 3) sets up one for judging the threshold value θ 1 whether nuclear radiation intensity is stablized；Set θ 1=K1*C1, wherein K1
For constant；
One is set up for judging the threshold value θ 2 whether nuclear radiation intensity is changed；Set θ 2=K2*C1, wherein K2
For constant；
Also, K2 >=K1, so that 2 >=θ of θ 1；
If step 4) reading of the moment using C1 as personal dose's alarm before, when the absolute value of the difference of C1 and C2 connects
When continuing M times more than θ 2, then judge that the nuclear radiation intensity at current time is changed, using C2 as personal dose's alarm
Reading；If condition is not satisfied, the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization at current time is judged, using C1 as personal dose's alarm
Reading；Wherein, the positive integer that M is >=1；
If reading of the moment using C2 as personal dose's alarm before, when the continuous n times of absolute value of the difference of C1 and C2
When less than θ 1, then the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization at current time, the reading using C1 as personal dose's alarm are judged；If discontented
The foot condition, then judge that the nuclear radiation intensity at current time is unstable, still uses readings of the C2 as personal dose's alarm；
Wherein, the positive integer that N is >=1.
2. the data processing method of pulse signal in the alarm according to claim 1 to personal dose, which is characterized in that
Step 2)~step 4) circulate operation per second is primary.
3. according to the data processing method of pulse signal in the alarm described in claim 1 to personal dose, which is characterized in that 30
≤ T1≤70,3≤T2≤20.
4. the data processing method of pulse signal in the alarm according to claim 1 to personal dose, which is characterized in that
0 ＜ K1≤3,0 K2≤3 ＜.
5. the data processing method of pulse signal in the alarm according to claim 1 to personal dose, which is characterized in that
As C1*T1 >=20, K1=L1/sqrt (C1*T1), K2=L2/sqrt (C1*T1), wherein L1 and L2 is constant, and L1≤
L2。
6. the data processing method of pulse signal in the alarm according to claim 5 to personal dose, which is characterized in that
0 ＜ L1≤3,0 L2≤3 ＜.
7. the data processing method of pulse signal in the alarm according to claim 1 to personal dose, which is characterized in that
M≤T2。
8. the data processing method of pulse signal in the alarm according to claim 1 to personal dose, which is characterized in that
N≤T1。
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