CN104360368A - Data processing method for pulse signals in personal alarm dosimeter - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a data processing method for pulse signals in a personal alarm dosimeter, and is used for judging the quantity of the pulse signals per second in the personal alarm dosimeter, namely judging that the change reason of the pulse quantity per second belongs to which situations when the radiation intensity is unknown, wherein the situations comprises that (a) the radiation intensity is unstable and changes and (b) the radiation intensity is stable, and does not change; and the change of the pulse quantity per second is caused by random fluctuation. According to the scheme, the stable performance and the dynamic performance of the dosimeter are well considered by adopting a bran-new method for judging the pulse quantity change per second, so that the sensitivity of the dosimeter to the radiation intensity change is moderate; the dosimeter can obtain a relatively small steady state error when the radiation intensity does not change; and the dosimeter can quickly follow the change of the external radiation intensity when the radiation intensity changes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the data processing field of activity-sensing equipment, particularly a kind of data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm, this personal dose's alarm is worn on the person, for the nuclear radiation intensity in monitoring human surrounding environment.
Background technology
Personal dose's alarm is a kind of monitoring X ray and the dose equivalent rate of gamma-rays to human exposure and electronic device of dose equivalent of being used for.The major function of personal dose's alarm is when radiation intensity exceedes protection limit value, sends alerting signal, reminds and wear personnel, prevent excessive exposure.Meanwhile, when radiation intensity is stable, provide dose equivalent rate indicating value comparatively accurately.Therefore, the reading of personal dose's alarm needs to take into account dynamically and steady-state behaviour.
Generally speaking, the element of personal dose's alarm comprises radiation detector, radiation signal treatment circuit, algorithm unit.The two ends of radiation detector are provided with high pressure, X ray and gamma-rays enter radiation detector, can interact with it, the ray energy accumulated in detector makes the part neutral atom in radiation detector ionize, ionization ion pair is out drifted about under electric field action, form pulse signal in radiation signal treatment circuit front end, and the number of dose equivalent rate and pulse signal is directly proportional.
The pulse that radiation signal treatment circuit is responsible for detector exports is amplified and shaping, then sends into algorithm and functional unit.Algorithm unit primary responsibility pulse signals carries out data processing, and the pulse number in its unit of account time, is utilized it to calculate dose equivalent rate, then shown result by instrument display.
Because the interaction between ray and detector is random, under same radiation intensity, the pulse signal number produced in regular time is also different, and this number obeys Poisson distribution, has statistic fluctuation.In order to reduce the impact that random fluctuation produces the judgement whether radiation intensity changes, prior art generally takes number of pulses to get the method for running mean.Such as, the pulse number per second of nearest 60 seconds is averaged, as the umber of pulse of current time, when radiation intensity is constant, the time span be averaged is longer, and the average pulses per second obtained is more accurate, and namely the steady-state error of the reading of personal dose's alarm is less.When radiation intensity changes, the time span be averaged is shorter, is more conducive to the change finding radiation field in time, make personal dose's alarm sensitiveer, thus trigger alarm more early, avoid radiation accident, namely the dynamic property of personal dose's alarm is better.
The technical barrier that currently available technology exists, when radiation intensity the unknown, how accurately to judge whether the radiation intensity of surrounding equipment there occurs change.Due to the existence of random fluctuation, even if radiation intensity does not change, umber of pulse on average per second also can be different, and how we judge that this change is that the change of radiation intensity causes, or caused by statistic fluctuation, need to provide determination methods.If the data processing of pulse signals is partial to the steady-state behaviour of personal dose's alarm, then the reacting condition of this instrument to radiation intensity may be caused blunt, can not and alarm, thus human body may be made to be subject to excessive radiation irradiation; If the data processing of pulse signals is partial to the dynamic property of personal dose's alarm, this instrument then may be caused too sensitive, even if radiation intensity does not change, also can cause erroneous judgement because of the impact of random fluctuation, thus affect the normal use of this instrument.Therefore, how to balance steady-state behaviour and the dynamic property of instrument, become a difficult problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
For the weak point that prior art exists, the object of the invention is propose a kind of data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm, make this instrument can judge accurately the change of average pulses per second be cause due to random fluctuation or cause because radiation intensity changes.
Technical scheme of the present invention is summarized as follows:
A kind of data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm, it is for when the unknown of nuclear radiation intensity, judge the number of average every pps pulse per second signal in personal dose's alarm, the reason that namely average pulses per second changes belongs to following any situation:
A) nuclear radiation intensity is unstable, there occurs change;
B) nuclear radiation intensity stabilization, does not change, and the change of average pulses per second is that random fluctuation causes;
Comprise the following steps:
Step 1), when personal dose's alarm starts, records the umber of pulse of each second;
Step 2) calculate average pulses per second C1 in from current time to T1 time span forward; Calculate the average pulses per second C2 in from current time to T2 time span forward; Wherein, T1 and T2 is positive integer, and T1 > T2;
Step 3) sets up a threshold value θ 1 for judging that whether nuclear radiation intensity is stable; Setting θ 1=K1*C1, wherein, K1 is constant;
Set up one for judging whether nuclear radiation intensity there occurs the threshold value θ 2 of change; Setting θ 2=K2*C1, wherein, K2 is constant;
Further, K2 >=K1, to make θ 2 >=θ 1;
If the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization in step 4) moment before, when the absolute value continuous N time of the difference of C1 and C2 is greater than θ 2, then judges that the nuclear radiation intensity of current time there occurs change, if do not meet this condition, then judge the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization of current time; Wherein, M is the positive integer of >=1;
If the nuclear radiation intensity in moment is unstable before, when the absolute value N continuous time of the difference of C1 and C2 is less than θ 1, then judge the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization of current time, if do not meet this condition, then judge that the nuclear radiation intensity of current time is unstable; Wherein, N is the positive integer of >=1.
Preferably, the described data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm, step 2) cycling per second of ~ step 4) is once.
Preferably, the described data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm, 30≤T1≤70,3≤T2≤20.
Preferably, the described data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm, 0 < K1≤3,0 < K2≤3.
Preferably, the described data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm, when C1*T1 >=20, K1=L1/sqrt (C1*T1), K2=L2/sqrt (C1*T1), wherein, L1 and L2 is constant, and L1≤L2.
Preferably, the described data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm, 0 < L1≤3,0 < L2≤3.
Preferably, the described data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm, M≤T2.
Preferably, the described data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm, N≤T1.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this case is by proposing the determination methods of a kind of brand-new number of pulses change, steady-state behaviour and the dynamic property of instrument are taken into account well, make the susceptibility of instrument to nuclear radiation Strength Changes moderate, make instrument when radiation intensity changes, the change of external radiation intensity can be followed fast, when radiation intensity does not change, less steady-state error can be obtained.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to instructions word to make those skilled in the art.
A kind of data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm, it is for when the unknown of nuclear radiation intensity, judge the number of average every pps pulse per second signal in personal dose's alarm, the reason that namely average pulses per second changes belongs to following any situation:
A) nuclear radiation intensity is unstable, there occurs change;
B) nuclear radiation intensity stabilization, does not change, and the change of average pulses per second is that random fluctuation causes.
Comprise the following steps:
Step 1), when personal dose's alarm starts, records the umber of pulse of each second;
Step 2) calculate average pulses per second C1 in from current time to T1 time span forward; Calculate the average pulses per second C2 in from current time to T2 time span forward; Wherein, T1 and T2 is positive integer, T1 > T2;
Step 3) sets up a threshold value θ 1 for judging that whether nuclear radiation intensity is stable; Setting θ 1=K1*C1, wherein, K1 is constant;
Set up one for judging whether nuclear radiation intensity there occurs the threshold value θ 2 of change; Setting θ 2=K2*C1, wherein, K2 is constant;
Further, K2 >=K1, to make θ 2 >=θ 1;
If the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization in step 4) moment before, when the absolute value continuous N time of the difference of C1 and C2 is greater than θ 2, then judges that the nuclear radiation intensity of current time there occurs change, if do not meet this condition, then judge the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization of current time; Wherein, M is the positive integer of >=1;
If the nuclear radiation intensity in moment is unstable before, when the absolute value N continuous time of the difference of C1 and C2 is less than θ 1, then judge the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization of current time, if do not meet this condition, then judge that the nuclear radiation intensity of current time is unstable; Wherein, N is the positive integer of >=1.
Wherein, step 2) cycling per second of ~ step 4) once, to make this decision procedure constantly can get running mean, calculate average pulses per second, and constantly change in radiation intensity judged.
The standard deviation of random quantity C1 is C1/sqrt (C1*T1).
When C1*T1 >=20, Poisson distribution can be approximated to be normal distribution.According to theoretical research, there are 3 σ criterions in normal distribution, and namely the absolute value of deviation and mean value is greater than the probability of 3 σ is 0.003.
When radiation intensity is constant, the probability that the absolute value single of the difference of C1 and C2 is greater than the standard deviation of 3 times is 0.003, and this represents that the probability that this kind of situation occurs is very little.Therefore, in instrument uses, once the absolute value single that the difference of C1 and C2 occurs is greater than the event of the standard deviation of 3 times, just can judge that external radiation intensity there occurs change.3 times of standard deviations of getting C1 are the higher limit judging the thresholding θ 2 that radiation intensity changes, i.e. K2≤3/sqrt (C1*T1); The dynamic property improving instrument is unfavorable for when threshold value θ 2 gets the 3 times of standard deviations being greater than C1.
When radiation intensity is constant, if the probability that the absolute value single of the difference of C1 and C2 is greater than θ 2 is p2, then continuous N time is greater than the M power that the probability of θ 2 is p2, and the probability that the latter occurs is lower.Time rate of false alarm reduces, rate of failing to report can increase.Therefore M value is unsuitable excessive.On the other hand, M is excessive also can cause instrument response to slow.Especially, when M is greater than T2, C2 can be weakened and embody the dynamic advantage of instrument, so M≤T2.
Parameter M and θ 2 is closely related, and when θ 2 obtains larger, M also can obtain less; When θ 2 obtains less, M can obtain comparatively large.
There are 3 σ criterions in normal distribution, namely the absolute value of deviation and mean value is less than the probability of 3 σ is 0.997.Therefore, when the absolute value single of the difference of C1 and C2 is less than this event generation of the standard deviation of 3 times, we just can judge that radiation intensity stabilizes.3 times of standard deviations that we get C1 are the higher limit judging the thresholding θ 1 that radiation intensity is stable, i.e. K1≤3/sqrt (C1*T1), are unfavorable for the dynamic property improving instrument when threshold value θ 1 obtains the 3 times of standard deviations being greater than C1.
If the probability that the absolute value single of the difference of C1 and C2 is less than θ 1 is p1, then N continuous time is less than the probability of θ 1 is the Nth power of p1, and the probability that the latter occurs is lower.Time rate of false alarm reduces, rate of failing to report can increase.Therefore N value is unsuitable excessive.On the other hand, N is excessive also can cause instrument response to slow.Especially, when N is greater than T1, the burden that instrument data stores can be increased; So N≤T1.
Parameter N and θ 1 closely related, when θ 1 obtains larger, N also can obtain comparatively large; When θ 1 obtains less, N can obtain less.
For the normally used real-time system of personal dosimeter, calculating evolution is a more difficult thing.We do the simplification in certain engineering to the upper limit 3/sqrt (C1*T1) of K1 and K2.Generally speaking, C1*T1 is >=positive integer of 1, thus the maximal value of K1 and K2 is 3.Therefore the span of this case restriction K1 and K2 is: 0 < K1≤3,0 < K2≤3.And more preferably, under real physical environment, when detector detection efficiency is higher, general C1*T1 >=20, now K1=L1/sqrt (C1*T1), K2=L2/sqrt (C1*T1), wherein, L1 and L2 is constant, and L1≤L2,0 < L1≤3,0 < L2≤3.When parameter is within the scope of this, the judgement effect of instrument is better.In addition, the scope of T1 and T2 also should be limited, if from take into account instrument dynamically and steady-state behaviour angle go selection, then preferably 30≤T1≤70,3≤T2≤20, if T1 < 30, then C1 is partial to dynamically; If T1 > 70, then make C1 depart from the truest Steady-state Parameters closest to current time, cause the reduction of instrumental sensitivity; If T2 < 3, then make C2 be partial to random fluctuation, data are unstable, cause and misrepresent deliberately; If T2 > 20, then cause C2 to be partial to steady state data, cause instrument to judge blunt.
Embodiment 1
(1) the current time pulses per second of 60 seconds is forward stored.Get first the alternative reading value of mean value as the pulses per second of current time of this pulses per second of 60 seconds, now the length of window of running mean is 60, and corresponding reading is C
60; The mean value of pulses per second of 10 seconds is as second alternative reading value of current time pulses per second forward to get current time, and now the length of window of running mean is 10, and corresponding reading is C
10.When instrument just runs, select C
60for the reading of instrument display.
(2) order judges the thresholding θ 2=1.6* C of change in radiation intensity
60, order judges the thresholding θ 1=1.0* C that radiation intensity is stable
60.If in continuous 5 seconds, C
60and C
10the absolute value of difference be greater than thresholding θ 2, then thinking that radiation intensity there occurs change, in order to follow the tracks of this change fast, getting C
10for instrument readings.
(3) if in continuous 10 seconds C
60and C
10the absolute value of difference be less than thresholding θ 1, then think that radiation intensity is stablized, get C
60for instrument readings.
Embodiment 2
(1) the current time pulses per second of 70 seconds is forward stored.Get first the alternative reading value of mean value as the pulses per second of current time of this pulses per second of 70 seconds, now the length of window of running mean is 70, and corresponding reading is C
70; The mean value of pulses per second of 20 seconds is as second alternative reading value of current time pulses per second forward to get current time, and now the length of window of running mean is 20, and corresponding reading is C
20.When instrument just runs, select C
70for the reading of instrument display.
(2) order judges the thresholding θ 2=3* C of change in radiation intensity
70, order judges the thresholding θ 1=1* C that radiation intensity is stable
70; .If in continuous 15 seconds, C
70and C
20the absolute value of difference be greater than thresholding θ 2, then thinking that radiation intensity there occurs change, in order to follow the tracks of this change fast, getting C
20for instrument readings.
(3) if in continuous 5 seconds C
70and C
20the absolute value of difference be less than thresholding θ 1, then think that radiation intensity is stablized, get C
70for instrument readings.
Embodiment 3
(1) the current time pulses per second of 60 seconds is forward stored.Get first the alternative reading value of mean value as the pulses per second of current time of this pulses per second of 60 seconds, now the length of window of running mean is 60, and corresponding reading is C
60; The mean value of pulses per second of 10 seconds is as second alternative reading value of current time pulses per second forward to get current time, and now the length of window of running mean is 10, and corresponding reading is C
10.When instrument just runs, select C
60for the reading of instrument display.
(2) order judges the thresholding θ 2=0.8* C of change in radiation intensity
60, order judges the thresholding θ 1=0.5* C that radiation intensity is stable
60; If in continuous 10 seconds, C
60and C
10the absolute value of difference be greater than thresholding θ 2, then thinking that radiation intensity there occurs change, in order to follow the tracks of this change fast, getting C
10for instrument readings.
(3) if in continuous 8 seconds C
60and C
10the absolute value of difference be less than thresholding θ 1, then think that radiation intensity is stablized, get C
60for instrument readings.
Embodiment 4
(1) the current time pulses per second of 60 seconds is forward stored.Get first the alternative reading value of mean value as the pulses per second of current time of this pulses per second of 60 seconds, now the length of window of running mean is 60, and corresponding reading is C
60; The mean value of pulses per second of 10 seconds is as second alternative reading value of current time pulses per second forward to get current time, and now the length of window of running mean is 10, and corresponding reading is C
10.When instrument just runs, select C
60for the reading of instrument display.
(2) order judges the thresholding θ 2=1* C of change in radiation intensity
60, order judges the thresholding θ 1=1* C that radiation intensity is stable
60; If in continuous 8 seconds, C
60and C
10the absolute value of difference be greater than thresholding θ 2, then thinking that radiation intensity there occurs change, in order to follow the tracks of this change fast, getting C
10for instrument readings.
(3) if in continuous 2 seconds C
60and C
10the absolute value of difference be less than thresholding θ 1, then think that radiation intensity is stablized, get C
60for instrument readings.
Embodiment 5
(1) the current time pulses per second of 30 seconds is forward stored.Get first the alternative reading value of mean value as the pulses per second of current time of this pulses per second of 30 seconds, now the length of window of running mean is 30, and corresponding reading is C
30; The mean value of pulses per second of 3 seconds is as second alternative reading value of current time pulses per second forward to get current time, and now the length of window of running mean is 3, and corresponding reading is C
3.When instrument just runs, select C
30for the reading of instrument display.
(2) order judges the thresholding θ 2=0.3* C of change in radiation intensity
30, order judges the thresholding θ 1=0.1* C that radiation intensity is stable
30if in continuous 10 seconds, C
30and C
3the absolute value of difference be greater than thresholding θ 2, then thinking that radiation intensity there occurs change, in order to follow the tracks of this change fast, getting C
3for instrument readings.
(3) if in continuous 3 seconds C
30and C
3the absolute value of difference be less than thresholding θ 1, then think that radiation intensity is stablized, get C
30for instrument readings.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in instructions and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details.
Claims (8)
1. the data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm, it is for when the unknown of nuclear radiation intensity, judge the number of average every pps pulse per second signal in personal dose's alarm, the reason that namely average pulses per second changes belongs to following any situation:
A) nuclear radiation intensity is unstable, there occurs change;
B) nuclear radiation intensity stabilization, does not change, and the change of average pulses per second is that random fluctuation causes;
Comprise the following steps:
Step 1), when personal dose's alarm starts, records the umber of pulse of each second;
Step 2) calculate average pulses per second C1 in from current time to T1 time span forward; Calculate the average pulses per second C2 in from current time to T2 time span forward; Wherein, T1 and T2 is positive integer, and T1 > T2;
Step 3) sets up a threshold value θ 1 for judging that whether nuclear radiation intensity is stable; Setting θ 1=K1*C1, wherein, K1 is constant;
Set up one for judging whether nuclear radiation intensity there occurs the threshold value θ 2 of change; Setting θ 2=K2*C1, wherein, K2 is constant;
Further, K2 >=K1, to make θ 2 >=θ 1;
If the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization in step 4) moment before, when the absolute value continuous N time of the difference of C1 and C2 is greater than θ 2, then judges that the nuclear radiation intensity of current time there occurs change, if do not meet this condition, then judge the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization of current time; Wherein, M is the positive integer of >=1;
If the nuclear radiation intensity in moment is unstable before, when the absolute value N continuous time of the difference of C1 and C2 is less than θ 1, then judge the nuclear radiation intensity stabilization of current time, if do not meet this condition, then judge that the nuclear radiation intensity of current time is unstable; Wherein, N is the positive integer of >=1.
2. the data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) cycling per second of ~ step 4) is once.
3. the data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 30≤T1≤70,3≤T2≤20.
4. the data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 0 < K1≤3,0 < K2≤3.
5. the data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm according to claim 4, is characterized in that, when C1*T1 >=20, K1=L1/sqrt (C1*T1), K2=L2/sqrt (C1*T1), wherein, L1 and L2 is constant, and L1≤L2.
6. the data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm according to claim 5, is characterized in that, 0 < L1≤3,0 < L2≤3.
7. the data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm according to claim 1, is characterized in that, M≤T2.
8. the data processing method to pulse signal in personal dose's alarm according to claim 1, is characterized in that, N≤T1.
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