CN104359233B - Solar energy tracking focuses on generating and refrigeration system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar tracking and focusing power generation and refrigeration system, including a heat collector, a heat storage tank, a steam drum, a refrigerator, a power generation device, a cooling tower, a cooling water tank, a replenishing water tank, a water collection tank I and a water collection tank II, and The heater is connected to the steam drum, and the steam drum is connected to the main steam pipeline, which is divided into two parallel pipelines at the end, one pipeline is the steam inlet pipe of the refrigerator, and the other pipeline is the steam inlet pipe of the power generation unit , the refrigerator is also connected with the chilled water return pipeline, the chilled water supply pipeline, the tower bottom branch pipeline I, the tower top branch pipeline I and the steam outlet pipe of the refrigerator, and the power generation device is also connected with the tower bottom branch pipeline II, the tower The top branch pipeline II and the steam outlet pipe of the power generation unit, the water collection tank I and the water collection tank II are arranged on the connecting pipeline along the direction from the heat collector to the cooling water tank, and valves are installed on all pipelines. The system generates steam through heat collectors and steam drums to drive power generation devices to generate electricity or refrigerators for cooling.

Description

Solar tracking focus power generation and cooling system

technical field

The invention relates to a solar power generation and refrigeration system, in particular to a solar tracking focusing power generation and refrigeration system.

Background technique

As an inexhaustible source of energy that is also ecologically pure and does not change the fuel balance on the earth, solar energy has the advantages of large total energy and easy realization of decentralized utilization. However, conventional solar thermal utilization can only be used in low-temperature thermal applications, such as household solar water heaters, low-temperature hot water circulation systems, etc. The temperature of the working fluid is low, which is difficult to meet the needs of industrial thermal energy and solar thermal power generation, and its application is greatly restricted.

Contents of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a solar tracking focusing power generation and refrigeration system. The system can use solar heat collection and heat storage technology to drive a power generation device to generate electricity or a refrigerator for cooling.

The above object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: solar tracking focusing power generation and refrigeration system, characterized in that: the system includes a heat collector, a heat storage tank, a steam drum, a refrigerator, a power generation device, a cooling tower, a cooling Water tank, replenishing water tank, water collection tank I and water collection tank II, the heat collector is used to absorb the heat of solar energy, the outlet of the heat collector is connected to the inlet of the steam drum through a high-pressure hot water pipeline, and the outlet of the steam drum is connected to There is a main steam pipeline, and the main steam pipeline is divided into two parallel pipelines at the end, one pipeline is the steam inlet pipe of the refrigerator, which is connected with the steam inlet of the refrigerator, and the other pipeline is the steam inlet pipe of the power generation device. The gas pipe is connected with the steam inlet of the power generation device, and the refrigerator is also connected with the chilled water return pipeline, the chilled water supply pipeline, the branch pipeline I at the bottom of the tower, the branch pipeline I at the top of the tower and the steam outlet pipe of the refrigerator, The power generation device is also respectively connected with the tower bottom branch pipeline II, the tower top branch pipeline II and the steam outlet pipe of the power generation device, and the power generation device is also connected with the generator, and the generator is driven to generate electricity by steam. The steam outlet pipe of the refrigerating machine and the steam outlet pipe of the power generation unit intersect, and after the intersection, they are connected with the water inlet pipeline of the cooling water tank. The cooling tower has a main pipeline at the top of the tower and a main pipeline at the bottom of the tower. The tower bottom branch pipeline II intersects, and after the intersection, it is connected with the tower bottom main pipeline, and the tower top branch pipeline I and tower top branch pipeline II intersect, and after the intersection, it is connected with the tower top main pipeline , the bottom of the cooling tower is also connected with a tap water replenishment pipeline, the water outlet of the cooling water tank is connected with the inlet of the heat collector through the connecting pipeline, and the water collection tank I and the water collection tank II are along the self-collecting The device is arranged on the connecting pipeline in the direction of the cooling water tank, and the cooling water tank also has a bypass pipeline, which communicates with the water inlet of the water supply tank, and the water outlet of the water supply tank is connected to the connecting pipe through the water supply pipeline. The connection point is located in the pipe section between the water collection tank II and the cooling water tank. The steam drum also has a side branch of a steam drum branch pipeline connected to the water collection tank II, and the water collection tank I has a side branch. Return water pipeline, the return water pipeline is connected with the high-pressure hot water pipeline of the heat collector, the two ends of the heat storage tank are connected with the heat storage water inlet pipeline and the heat storage water outlet pipeline respectively, and the heat storage water inlet pipeline It intersects with the high-pressure hot water pipeline of the collector, and the heat storage outlet pipeline intersects with the return water pipeline. The heat storage inlet pipeline, connecting pipeline, side branch pipeline and tower bottom main pipeline are all equipped with circulating water pumps , All pipelines are equipped with valves to control the cut-off and connection of pipelines. The system generates steam through the heat collector and steam drum, and then drives the power generation device to generate electricity through the steam, or drives the refrigerator to cool.

In the present invention, the heat collector is preferably a linear Fresnel tracking and focusing heat collector, and other heat collectors capable of absorbing solar heat and generating high-temperature and high-pressure water can also be used. The linear Fresnel tracking and focusing collector uses a flat mirror column, and adopts a single-axis east-west tracking method to ensure that sunlight is focused on the absorber above the mirror column in a straight line. The absorber adopts a straight-through vacuum heat collecting tube, the inner tube is a stainless steel tube, and the outer surface of the steel tube has a selective absorption coating. There is a vacuum insulation layer between the outer glass tube and the inner stainless steel tube.

In the present invention, the refrigerating machine is preferably a vapor-type lithium bromide absorption refrigerating machine, and other types of refrigerating machines can also be selected.

In the present invention, the power generation device is preferably an organic Rankine cycle power generation device, and other types of power generation devices can also be selected.

In the present invention, the heat storage material of the heat storage tank is HITEC molten salt, and the HITEC molten salt is a mixture of potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate and nitrous acid, and the proportion is: 7% NaNO ₃ ± 53% KNO ₃ ± 49% NaNO _2. Use the latent heat of phase change of HITEC molten salt to store heat. The heat storage material of the heat storage tank is HITEC molten salt with a melting point of about 142°C. The liquid pressurized medium-temperature hot water from the linear Fresnel tracking collector enters the coil in the heat storage tank, transfers heat to HITEC molten salt, and then flows out of the heat storage tank in the form of liquid water. When the heat storage tank releases heat, the water with a lower temperature flows through the coil in the heat storage tank, absorbs the heat of the molten salt and becomes water with a higher temperature and flows out of the heat storage tank.

In the present invention, an electric heater is also arranged in the steam drum to heat the water entering the steam drum to vaporize the water when necessary.

In the present invention, a parallel return water pipeline is additionally provided between the cooling water tank and the replenishing water tank.

The heat collector of the system of the present invention adopts a linear Fresnel tracking and focusing heat collector, which can heat water to 200°C, drive a double-effect absorption refrigerator, and drive an organic Rankine cycle power generation device to generate electricity. It can realize the two basic functions of refrigeration and power generation. At the same time, the heat storage tank has the functions of energy storage and heat release utilization. The molten salt phase change heat storage technology is used in the solar heat collection system because of its high heat storage density. reliability and stability, and improve energy efficiency.

In this system, after the heat collector absorbs the heat of solar energy, the water is heated to saturation, and enters the steam drum to become steam, and then the steam drives the organic Rankine cycle power generation device to generate electricity, or drives the steam type lithium bromide absorption refrigerator for refrigeration. When the heat of the water coming out of the collector is not enough, the electric heater can be started as an auxiliary heat source. When the heat collector collects excess heat, or when there is no refrigeration and power generation, the excess heat can be stored in the heat storage tank for use when the heat collector does not collect enough heat. The invention uses a medium-temperature linear Fresnel tracking and focusing heat collector to collect solar energy to the greatest extent, and can realize two basic functions of power generation and refrigeration. At the same time, electric heating and heat storage devices are added to increase the reliability of the system and improve energy utilization.

The solar tracking and focusing power generation and refrigeration system of the present invention can adopt the following multiple operating modes:

Operation mode 1: When the solar radiation intensity is sufficient, the hot water generated by the linear Fresnel tracking and focusing collector enters the steam drum, is gasified into steam, and enters a steam-type lithium bromide absorption refrigerator or an organic Rankine cycle power generation device for refrigeration or Power generation, at this time the cooling tower is activated. The water from the steam-type lithium bromide absorption refrigerator or organic Rankine cycle power generation device is cooled by the cooling water tank, and then pressurized by the circulating water pump and enters the linear Fresnel tracking and focusing collector to absorb the focused solar heat to complete the cycle.

Operation mode 2: When the hot water heat generated by the linear Fresnel tracking and focusing collector is surplus, part of the hot water flows through the heat storage tank for heat storage, and then enters the linear Fresnel tracking and focusing collector to complete the cycle.

Operation mode three: when the solar tracking and focusing power generation and refrigeration system do not need cooling or power generation, all the hot water from the linear Fresnel tracking and focusing collector flows through the heat storage tank for heat storage, and then enters the linear Fresnel Tracking focused collectors complete the cycle.

Operation mode 4: When the solar radiation intensity is not enough and the heat of hot water produced by the linear Fresnel tracking and focusing collector is insufficient, the electric heater is activated to reheat the water coming out of the collector to meet the heat demand.

Operation mode five: When the solar radiation intensity is not enough and the heat of hot water produced by the linear Fresnel tracking and focusing collector is insufficient, the heat storage tank is activated to reheat the water coming out of the collector to meet the heat demand.

Operation mode 6: When the solar irradiation conditions are not good, or in rainy days or at night, the linear Fresnel tracking focusing collector cannot operate, and the heat storage tank can be activated to heat the return water of the pipeline and drive the steam-type lithium bromide absorption type refrigerator or organic Rankine cycle power generation device.

In the present invention, the steam-type lithium bromide absorption refrigerator and the organic Rankine cycle power generation device do not work at the same time; the heat storage tank and the electric heater do not work at the same time.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following remarkable effect:

(1) The present invention adopts a direct steam generation system, and the generated steam directly drives an absorption refrigerator or an organic Rankine cycle power generation device, the system has small heat loss and high heat utilization rate.

(2) The heat collector of the present invention adopts a linear Fresnel tracking and focusing collector, which can fully collect solar energy. At the same time, the linear Fresnel tracking and focusing collector is easy to maintain, has low cost, and has good wind resistance.

(3) The heat storage material of the heat storage tank of the present invention uses a phase-change heat storage material, and the tank body has a high heat storage density and a small volume.

(4) The system of the present invention has an electric heater and a heat storage tank as an auxiliary heat source, and has good reliability.

(5) The present invention utilizes the linear Fresnel solar tracking focusing type heat collector, and uses the solar medium and high temperature heat collection technology in the organic Rankine cycle power generation system and the absorption refrigeration system, which is a domestically produced linear Fresnel solar photothermal technology. Lay the foundation.

(6) There is an electric heater in the steam drum in the present invention, and when necessary, the water entering the steam drum is heated to vaporize the water.

(7) In the present invention, from the vapor type lithium bromide absorption refrigerator, or the water at the outlet of the organic Rankine cycle power generation device will be cooled through the cooling water tank, preventing the water at the outlet from still being in a steam state, which will affect the work of the circulating water pump.

(8) In the present invention, the cooling water tank and the replenishing water tank are connected into a circuit through pipelines, and the water in the cooling water tank is kept in a low temperature state through the circuit water circulation.

(9) In the present invention, the steam-type lithium bromide absorption refrigerator and the organic Rankine cycle power generation device share a cooling tower, and the initial investment saves costs.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of the solar tracking focusing power generation and refrigeration system of the present invention.

Explanation of reference signs

1. Heat collector; 2. Heat storage tank; 3. Steam drum; 4. Electric heater; 5. Refrigerator; 6. Cooling tower;

7. Power generation device; 8. Cooling water tank; 9. Water supply tank; 10. Water collection tank II; 11. Water collection tank I;

12~15, circulating water pump; 16~25, solenoid valve; 26~31, stop valve; 32, generator;

33. Pressure reducing valve; 34. Safety exhaust valve; 35. Steam flow meter;

101. High-pressure hot water pipeline; 102. Main steam pipeline; 103. Refrigerator steam inlet pipe;

104. Steam intake pipe of power generation device; 105. Chilled water return pipeline; 106. Chilled water supply pipeline;

107. Tower bottom branch pipeline Ⅰ; 108. Tower top branch pipeline Ⅰ; 109. Refrigerator steam outlet pipe;

110. Branch pipeline II at the bottom of the tower; 111. Branch pipeline II at the top of the tower; 112. Steam outlet pipe of the power generation unit;

113. Steam drum branch pipeline; 114. Tap water replenishment pipeline; 115. Tower top main pipeline;

116, the main pipe at the bottom of the tower; 117, the water inlet pipe; 118, the connecting pipe; 119, the side branch pipe;

120, water supply pipeline; 121, parallel return water pipeline; 122, return water pipeline;

123. Heat storage water outlet pipeline; 124. Heat storage water inlet pipeline;

detailed description

As shown in Figure 1, the solar tracking focusing power generation and refrigeration system includes a heat collector 1, a heat storage tank 2, a steam drum 3, a refrigerator 5, a power generation device 7, a cooling tower 6, a cooling water tank 8, and a water supply tank 9 , water collecting tank I11 and water collecting tank II10, the heat collector 1 is a linear Fresnel tracking focusing heat collector, the refrigerator 5 is a steam lithium bromide absorption refrigerator, and the power generation device 7 is an organic Rankine cycle power generation device. Heater 1 is used for absorbing the heat of solar energy. The linear Fresnel tracking and focusing collector uses a flat mirror column, and adopts a single-axis east-west tracking method to ensure that sunlight is focused on the absorber above the mirror column in a straight line. The absorber adopts a straight-through vacuum heat collecting tube, the inner tube is a stainless steel tube, and the outer surface of the steel tube has a selective absorption coating. There is a vacuum insulation layer between the outer glass tube and the inner stainless steel tube.

The outlet of the heat collector 1 is connected with the inlet of the steam drum 3 through a high-pressure hot water pipeline 101, and an electric heater 4 is also arranged in the steam drum 3 to heat the water entering the steam drum 3 to vaporize the water when necessary. The outlet of package 3 is connected with main steam pipeline 102, which is divided into two parallel pipelines at the tail end, one pipeline is the steam inlet pipe 103 of the refrigerator, which is connected with the steam inlet of refrigerator 5, and the other pipe is The road is the steam inlet pipe 104 of the power generation device, which is connected with the steam inlet of the power generation device 7. The refrigerator 5 is also connected with the chilled water return pipeline 105, the chilled water supply pipeline 106, the tower bottom branch pipeline I 107, and the tower top branch pipeline Ⅰ 108 and the steam outlet pipe 109 of the refrigerating machine. The power generation device 7 is also connected to the tower bottom branch pipeline II 110, the tower top branch pipeline II 111 and the steam outlet pipe 112 of the power generation device. The power generation device 7 is also connected to the generator 36 and driven by steam. The generator generates electricity, and the steam outlet pipe 109 of the refrigerating machine and the steam outlet pipe 112 of the power generation device intersect and communicate with the water inlet pipeline 117 of the cooling water tank 8 after the intersection. The cooling tower 6 has a main pipeline 115 at the top of the tower and a main pipeline 116 at the bottom of the tower. The tower bottom branch pipeline I107 and the tower bottom branch pipeline II110 intersect, and after the intersection, they are connected to the tower bottom main pipeline 116. The tower top branch pipeline I108 and the tower top branch pipeline II111 intersect, and after the intersection, they are connected to the tower top main pipeline 115. The bottom of the cooling tower 6 is also connected with a tap water replenishment pipeline 114, and the outlet of the cooling water tank 8 is connected with the inlet of the heat collector 1 through a connection pipeline 118. 1 is set on the connecting pipeline 118 in the direction of the cooling water tank 8. The cooling water tank 8 also has a bypass pipeline 119, which communicates with the water inlet of the replenishing water tank 9. The water outlet of the replenishing water tank 9 is connected to the connecting pipeline through the replenishing water pipeline 120 118, the connection point is located in the pipe section between the water collection tank II10 and the cooling water tank 8, and a parallel return water pipeline 121 is added between the cooling water tank 8 and the replenishment water tank 9, and the steam drum 3 is also connected to the water collection tank II10. The connected steam drum branch pipeline 113, and the water collection tank I10 also branch off a return water pipeline 122, the return water pipeline 122 is connected with the high-pressure hot water pipeline 101 of the heat collector 1, and the two ends of the heat storage tank 2 are respectively connected with storage The hot water inlet pipeline 124 and the heat storage water outlet pipeline 123 , the heat storage water inlet pipeline 124 intersects with the high-pressure hot water pipeline 101 of the heat collector 1 , and the heat storage outlet pipeline 123 intersects with the return water pipeline 122 .

The heat storage inlet pipeline 124, connecting pipeline 118, side branch pipeline 119 and tower bottom main pipeline 116 are all provided with circulating water pumps 12-15, through which the liquid water is pumped, and all pipelines are provided with valves to control The valves on the pipeline include solenoid valves 16-25, stop valves, exhaust valves, etc. The system also includes temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow meters and other components. The valves, sensors, and flow meters The settings can be realized by conventional technical means. The system generates steam through the heat collector 1 and the steam drum 3, and then drives the power generation device 7 to generate electricity through the steam, or drives the refrigerator 5 to cool.

In this embodiment, the heat collector 1, the refrigerator 5, and the power generation device 7 are all preferred existing equipment or devices. In addition to selecting a linear Fresnel tracking and focusing heat collector for the heat collector 1, other solar energy absorbers can also be used. Heat, a heat collector that produces high temperature and high pressure water. Refrigerator 5 can also select other types of refrigerators besides steam lithium bromide absorption refrigerators. In addition to the organic Rankine cycle power generation device for the power generation device 7 , other types of power generation devices can also be selected.

The heat storage material of the heat storage tank 2 is HITEC molten salt, and the latent heat of phase change of the HITEC molten salt is used for heat storage. The liquid pressurized hot water coming out of the heat collector 1 with a temperature of 200°C enters the coil in the heat storage tank 2, transfers the heat to the HITEC molten salt, and then flows out of the heat storage tank 2 in the form of liquid water. When the heat storage tank releases heat, the water with a lower temperature flows through the coil in the heat storage tank, absorbs the heat of HITEC molten salt, and becomes water with a higher temperature to flow out of the heat storage tank.

When the system of this embodiment is in operation, the following multiple operating modes can be adopted:

Operation mode one: when the solar radiation intensity is sufficient, run the heat collector 1, close the shut-off valves 26, 29, 30, open the shut-off valves 28, 31, turn off the circulation pump 13, turn off the electric heater 4, and let the heat collector 1 The high-temperature and high-pressure hot water with a temperature of 200°C and a pressure of 20 atmospheres enters the steam drum 3, and is vaporized in the steam drum to form steam at a temperature of 150°C and a pressure of 5 atmospheres, which enters the refrigerator 5 or the power generation device 7 for refrigeration Or generate electricity, and now the cooling tower 6 is enabled. The refrigerating machine 5 and the power generating device 7 do not work at the same time.

When the refrigerator 5 is cooling, the solenoid valves 18, 21, and 23 are closed, and the solenoid valves 19, 20, 22, and 25 are opened. The temperature of the steam coming out of the steam outlet pipe 109 of the refrigerator is 120°C, and the steam enters the refrigerator from the chilled water return pipeline 105 The water temperature of 5 is 12 ℃, the water temperature of the water flowing into the chilled water supply pipeline 106 from the refrigerator 5 is 7 ℃, and the water temperature from the main pipeline 116 at the bottom of the tower is 28 ℃. After heat exchange, the water temperature entering the main pipeline 115 at the top of the tower is 35°C.

When the power generation device 7 generates power, the solenoid valves 19, 20, and 22 are closed, and the solenoid valves 18, 21, 23, and 24 are opened. The temperature of the steam coming out of the steam outlet pipe 112 of the power generation device is 120°C, and the temperature of the water from the main pipeline 116 at the bottom of the tower is 28°C. , after heat exchange, the temperature of the water entering the tower top main pipeline 115 is 35°C.

The water from the refrigerator 5 or the power generation device 7 is cooled to liquid water through the cooling water tank 8, and then pressurized by the circulating water pump 12 and enters the heat collector 1 to absorb the focused solar heat to complete the cycle. The water coming out from the refrigerating machine 5 or the power generating unit 7 is cooled through the cooling water tank 8, in order to prevent the water at the outlet from still being in a steam state, affecting the work of the circulating water pumps 12 and 15. The refrigeration machine 5 and the power generation device 7 share a cooling tower 6, and the initial investment saves costs.

Operation mode 2: When the hot water heat generated by the operation of the heat collector 1 is surplus, on the basis of operation mode 1, open the solenoid valves 16 and 17 at the same time, turn on the circulating water pump 3, close the shut-off valves 26 and 27, and let part of the hot water It flows through the heat storage tank 2 for heat storage, then enters the water collection tank I11, joins with the water from the water collection tank II10, and then enters the heat collector 1. Another part of water enters the steam drum 5, and the flow process is the same as the operation mode one.

Operation mode three: when the solar tracking focus power generation and the refrigeration system do not need refrigeration or power generation, open the solenoid valves 16 and 17, open the circulating water pump 3, close the stop valves 26, 27, and 28, and all the heat coming out of the collector 1 The hot water flows through the heat storage tank 2 for heat storage, and then enters the heat collector 1 to complete the cycle.

Operation mode 4: When the solar radiation intensity is not enough and the heat of hot water produced by collector 1 is insufficient, on the basis of operation mode 1, the electric heater 4 is activated to reheat the water from the collector to meet the heat requirements. need.

Operation mode five: when the solar radiation intensity is not enough and the heat of hot water produced by the linear Fresnel tracking focusing collector is insufficient, on the basis of operation mode one, open the shut-off valves 26, 27 and solenoid valve 17, and close the shut-off valve 30 And solenoid valve 16, close circulating water pump 13, enable heat storage tank 2, reheat the water coming out from heat collector, to meet heat demand.

Operation mode six: When the solar irradiation conditions are not good, or in rainy days or at night, the linear Fresnel tracking and focusing heat collector 1 cannot operate, close the stop valves 26 and 31, turn off the circulating water pump 13, open the stop valve 27 and the electromagnetic The valve 17 activates the heat storage tank 2, heats the return water of the pipeline, and drives the refrigerator 5 or the power generation device 7.

The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Under the premise of the above-mentioned basic technical ideas, other modifications, replacements or changes made to the above-mentioned structure of the present invention in various forms shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. Solar tracking focus power generation and refrigeration system, characterized in that: the system includes a heat collector (1), a heat storage tank (2), a steam drum (3), a refrigerator (5), a power generation device (7), Cooling tower (6), cooling water tank (8), make-up water tank (9), water collecting tank I (11) and water collecting tank II (10), the heat collector (1) is used to absorb the heat of solar energy, collect The outlet of the heater (1) is connected with the inlet of the steam drum (3) through a high-pressure hot water pipeline (101), and the outlet of the steam drum (3) is connected with a main steam pipeline (102), and the main steam pipeline ( 102) is divided into two parallel pipelines at the tail end, one pipeline is the steam inlet pipe (103) of the refrigerator, which is connected with the steam inlet of the refrigerator (5), and the other pipeline is the steam inlet pipe (104) of the power generation device ), communicated with the steam inlet of the power generating unit (7), and the refrigerator is also connected with chilled water return pipeline (105), chilled water supply pipeline (106), tower bottom branch pipeline I (107), The tower top branch pipeline I (108) and the refrigerator steam outlet pipe (109), and the power generation device (7) is also respectively connected with the tower bottom branch pipeline II (110), the tower top branch pipeline II (111) and the power generation device The steam outlet pipe (112), the power generation device (7) is also connected with the generator (36), and the generator is driven to generate electricity through the steam, and the steam outlet pipe of the refrigerator (109) and the steam outlet pipe of the power generation device (112) intersect and communicate with the water inlet pipeline (117) of the cooling water tank (8) after the intersection, and the cooling tower (6) has a tower top main pipeline (115) and a tower bottom main pipeline (116). The tower bottom branch pipeline I (107) and the tower bottom branch pipeline II (110) intersect and communicate with the tower bottom main pipeline (116) after the intersection, and the tower top branch pipeline I (108) and the tower The top branch pipeline II (111) intersects and communicates with the main tower top pipeline (115) after the intersection. The bottom of the cooling tower (6) is also connected with a tap water replenishment pipeline (114), and the cooling water tank (8 ) is communicated with the inlet of the heat collector (1) through the connecting pipeline (118), and the water collection tank I (11) and the water collection tank II (10) are It is arranged on the connecting pipeline (118) toward the cooling water tank (8), and the cooling water tank (8) also has a bypass pipeline (119), which communicates with the water inlet of the replenishing water tank (9), The water outlet of the supplementary water tank (9) is connected to the connecting pipeline (118) through the supplementary water pipeline (120), and the connection point is located at the pipe section between the water collection tank II (10) and the cooling water tank (8). Said steam drum (3) also bypasses a steam drum branch pipeline (113) connected with said water collection tank II (10), and said water collection tank I (11) also bypasses a road return water pipeline (122), so The return water pipeline (122) is connected with the high-pressure hot water pipeline (101) of the heat collector (1), and the two ends of the heat storage tank (2) are respectively connected with a heat storage inlet pipeline (124) and a heat storage tank. hot water pipe (1 23), the heat storage inlet pipeline (124) intersects with the high-pressure hot water pipeline (101) of the heat collector (1), and the heat storage outlet pipeline (123) intersects with the return water pipeline (122), said The heat storage inlet pipeline (124), the connecting pipeline (118), the side branch pipeline (119) and the main pipeline at the bottom of the tower (116) are all equipped with circulating water pumps, and all pipelines are equipped with valves to control the flow of the pipeline. Cut off and connected, the system generates steam through the heat collector (1) and the steam drum (3), and then drives the power generation device (7) to generate electricity through the steam, or drives the refrigerator (5) to refrigerate. 2. The solar tracking focusing power generation and refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat collector (1) is a linear Fresnel tracking focusing collector. 3. The solar tracking focusing power generation and refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the refrigerator (5) is a vapor lithium bromide absorption refrigerator. 4. The solar tracking focusing power generation and refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power generation device (7) is an organic Rankine cycle power generation device. 5. The solar tracking focusing power generation and refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat storage material of the heat storage tank (2) is HITEC molten salt, and the phase change latent heat of HITEC molten salt is used for heat storage. 6. The solar tracking and focusing power generation and refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: an electric heater (4) is also provided in the steam drum (3) to supply the water entering the steam drum (3) Heat to vaporize the water. 7. The solar tracking focusing power generation and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a parallel return water pipeline (121) is additionally provided between the cooling water tank (8) and the replenishing water tank (9).