CN104354869B - A kind of construction design method for base zigzag parachute - Google Patents

A kind of construction design method for base zigzag parachute Download PDF

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CN104354869B
CN104354869B CN201410586376.5A CN201410586376A CN104354869B CN 104354869 B CN104354869 B CN 104354869B CN 201410586376 A CN201410586376 A CN 201410586376A CN 104354869 B CN104354869 B CN 104354869B
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gores
band
parachute
apical pore
dish
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CN104354869A (en
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梁艳
李健
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Beijing spaceflight Creative Technology Co.,Ltd.
Beijing Institute of Space Research Mechanical and Electricity
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Beijing Institute of Space Research Mechanical and Electricity
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Abstract

The invention provides a kind of base zigzag parachute being applied to supersonic speed low-density parachute-opening environment.This parachute includes canopy and umbrella rope, and wherein, canopy top and bottom are densified fabric, middle seam by width is spaced vertically apart from.Canopy top is planar circular structure, parachute skirt and umbrella rope junction indentation, forms natural streamlined structure, eliminates the fabric for parachute can opy of base redundancy, effectively reduces superonic flutter impact.The present invention has the advantage that anti-tremor is strong, is a kind of superior supersonic speed low-density parachute.

Description

A kind of construction design method for base zigzag parachute
Technical field
The invention belongs to space flight to enter, slow down and landing (EDL) technical field, in particular it relates to a kind of parachute being applied to supersonic speed low-density parachute-opening environment.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of survey of deep space technology, become study hotspot and difficult point for the EDL technology with rarefied atmosphere planet (such as Mars), this wherein, supersonic speed low-density parachute braking technique is a core technology.Up to now, it is adaptable to the parachute umbellate form under supersonic speed low-density parachute-opening environment includes disk-gap-band parachute, the ringsail parachute of improvement, cross umbrella etc..Although cross umbrella has maximum unit resistance area, but, along with the increase of opening speed, cross umbrella there will be bigger vibration, less stable；The parachute-opening inflation performance of ringsail parachute, resistance performance is improved more poor than disk-gap-band parachute when supersonic speed, low dynamic pressure.Disk-gap-band parachute is most widely used supersonic speed low-density parachute umbellate form in engineering reality.
At present, disk-gap-band parachute is divided into Viking type, two kinds of umbellate forms of MPF type according to version, and the dribbling area ratio of the two canopy is different, and decelerability also has dramatically different: the dribbling area ratio of Viking type disk-gap-band parachute is about 53:35, resistance coefficient higher (≈ 0.67), stability is on the weak side；The dribbling area ratio of MPF type disk-gap-band parachute is about 38:52, and resistance coefficient less (≈ 0.43), stability is better.
When supersonic speed, disk-gap-band parachute is the same with other densified fabric umbellate forms, faces the problems such as " breathing " of canopy, tremor, parachute skirt can cause structural deterioration, ablation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the problem of the existing parachute anti-Flutter Performance difference when supersonic speed, it is provided that a kind of base zigzag parachute and construction design method thereof.The present invention adopts parachute skirt airflow design, with umbrella rope junction indentation bottom canopy, forms streamlined structure such that it is able to adapt to superonic flutter, reduces the stress concentration that parachute skirt is caused by tremor.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention includes:
According to an aspect of the present invention, which provide a kind of base zigzag parachute, including canopy and umbrella rope, wherein,
Canopy is divided into upper, middle, and lower part, and top is dish, and the top of dish has apical pore, and dish has the circular configuration in hole under planar development state for middle part；Bottom is band, and band is the rectangular configuration of a long limit indention under planar development state；Mid portion is wide seam, and dish and band are spaced vertically apart from by it；
The apical pore at dish top is provided with apical pore along its circumferential edge and strengthens band；The lower limb of dish and the top edge of band are respectively provided with along its circumferentially extending broadwise band；The jagged edge of band has base and strengthens band；Canopy has multiple radial belt of the tooth tip portion extending to serrated edge bottom band radially from apical pore along dish and band；
The quantity of umbrella rope is identical with the quantity of the radial belt on canopy, and, one end of every umbrella rope is connected to radial belt, and the other end of many umbrella ropes intersects at a bit, is connected to object to be hung.
Further, canopy is formed by multiple gores pieces, and the radial belt on canopy is arranged between adjacent two gores.
Further, apical pore is provided with the apical pore rope radially arranged；And one end of every umbrella rope is connected to the bottom of corresponding radial belt, or extends to apical pore reinforcement band along corresponding radial belt.
Further, every two connect across apical pore integration along corresponding radial belt continuously about apical pore centrosymmetric umbrella rope.
According to another aspect of the present invention, which provide a kind of construction design method for aforesaid base zigzag parachute, wherein,
(1) apparent area A0Determine according to equation below:
A 0 = CA C d ;
In above formula, CA is drag area,Wherein, mg is the weight of object to be hung, and υ is the landing speed of object to be hung, and ρ is atmospheric density；
CdFor resistance coefficient, reference has the resistance coefficient of the disk-gap-band parachute of identical dribbling area ratio；
(2) nominal diameter D0Determine according to equation below:
D 0 = 4 A 0 π ;
(3) gores number N determines according to equation below: N=4D0+ (7～8), wherein, N takes the even number more than 5；
(4) umbrella rope quantity is equal with gores number, the length L of umbrella ropelDetermine according to equation below: Ll=1.7D0；
(5) apical pore diameter is determined according to equation below:
Dv=(0.005～0.01) D0；
(6) gores basic structure size
Set in gores, dish, seam, band area ratio be SD:SG:SB, then
A. gores drift angle is:
Wherein, N is gores number；
B. gores area:
Wherein, N is gores number；
C. the disc area in gores:
SD0=SD% × S0；
D. dish height:
Wherein, N is gores number；
E. dish base width:
Wherein, N is gores number；
F. apical pore height:
h v = 1 2 D v ;
G. the apical pore length of side:
Wherein, N is gores number；
H. the seam area in gores:
SG0=SG% × S0；
I. width is stitched:
H 2 = S G 0 W 1 ;
J. the band area in gores:
SB0=SB% × S0；
K. bandwidth:
H 3 = S B 0 W 1 ;
L. sawtooth angle:
α=45 °；
M. sawtooth chamfer radius:
R = ( 1 3 ~ 1 5 ) H 3 .
Further, when having apical pore rope in apical pore, the length of apical pore rope is determined according to below equation: Lv=(1-Δ Lv)DV, wherein, Δ Lv≤ 5%.
Compared with prior art, the positive effect of the present invention includes:
When working when supersonic speed, the cylindrical parachute skirt of existing background technology, due to material redundancy, can cause high frequency tremor.In gores design process of the present invention, straight line change parachute skirt line style into zigzag, make parachute skirt be connected self-assembling formation streamlined structure with umbrella rope, eliminate the fabric for parachute can opy of redundancy, weaken tremor effect, be more suitable for supersonic speed condition parachute-opening operating mode.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the parachute of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the gores structure diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the base zigzag parachute according to the present invention and structural design thereof are described in detail.
As it is shown in figure 1, the base zigzag parachute according to the present invention is made up of canopy 1 and umbrella rope 2 two parts.Canopy 1 is divided into upper, middle, and lower part: its top is dish 11, bottom is band 13, is densified fabric, and mid portion is wide seam 12, dish 11 and band 13 is spaced vertically apart from.
Dish 11 is planar rondure densified fabric, and its top has apical pore, has the circular configuration in hole under planar development state for middle part.The band rectangular fabric for optimizing, is the rectangular configuration of a long limit indention under planar development state.The base indentation that band is connected with umbrella rope, forms streamlined structure.
Canopy 1 is formed by some gores 18 pieces, and the structure of gores is as shown in Figure 2.The component of canopy 1, except fabric for parachute can opy, also includes: radial belt 17, broadwise band 15, apical pore strengthen band 14 and band 16 is strengthened on base, together form the aerodynamic loading load-bearing frame in fabric side.
Radial belt 17 extends to parachute skirt (being specially the tooth tip portion of serrated edge bottom band) radially on fabric for parachute can opy face from apical pore limit, is connected with umbrella rope, and its quantity is identical with umbrella rope quantity.
Two broadwises top edge with 15 lower limbs laying respectively at dish and band, forms Guan Bi ring along respective fabric circumference respectively.
Apical pore is strengthened strengthening laying respectively at apical pore edge and the jagged edge with 13 with 16 with 14 and base, forms Guan Bi ring along fabric circumference.
One end of umbrella rope is connected with radial belt, and the other end intersects at a bit, is connected with object to be hung.One end of umbrella rope includes three kinds of situations with the connected mode of radial belt: one end of (1) every umbrella rope is connected to the bottom of corresponding radial belt 17；(2) one end of every umbrella rope extends to apical pore reinforcement band 14 along corresponding radial belt 17；(3) every two connect across apical pore integration along corresponding radial belt 17 continuously about apical pore centrosymmetric umbrella rope 2,2.Wherein, in the former two cases, how generally radially it is provided with in apical pore with apical pore rope.And in a third case, connect integratedly owing to umbrella rope strides across apical pore, therefore apical pore rope need not be additionally set.
The present invention is adopted to carry out parachute product design, require over structural design, determine apparent area, nominal diameter, gores number, umbrella rope quantity and length, apical pore diameter and the parameter such as apical pore rope length and gores basic structure size, provide the complete structure information of umbellate form.Its construction design method is as follows:
(1) apparent area:
Apparent area is determined by drag area and resistance coefficient:
A 0 = CA C d ;
Wherein: CA is drag area,Wherein, mg is the weight of object to be hung, and υ is the landing speed of object to be hung, and ρ is atmospheric density；CdFor resistance coefficient, when Preliminary design, it is possible to reference to the resistance coefficient of the disk-gap-band parachute with identical dribbling area ratio, (wherein, the dribbling area ratio of Viking type disk-gap-band parachute is about 53:35, and resistance coefficient is about 0.67；The dribbling area ratio of MPF type disk-gap-band parachute is about 38:52, and resistance coefficient is about 0.43) determine；After completing, according to experimental test result, the resistance coefficient value primarily determined that can be modified.
(2) nominal diameter:
Canopy nominal diameter is:
D 0 = 4 A 0 π ;
(3) gores number
The computing formula of gores quantity is:
N=4D0+ (7～8), N takes the even number more than 5.
Preferably for large-scale parachute product, gores number is preferably the multiple of 4 or 8.
(4) umbrella rope quantity and length
Umbrella rope quantity is equal with gores number.
Umbrella rope length computation formula is:
Ll=1.7D0；
(5) apical pore diameter and apical pore rope length
Apical pore diameter computing formula is:
Dv=(0.005～0.01) D0；
Apical pore is provided with apical pore rope, apical pore rope length should with apical pore equal diameters, but for keep canopy have certain degree of being filled, it is necessary to by apical pore rope contraction in length some.Generally, apical pore rope LVFS Δ LvIt is not more than 5%.
The computing formula of apical pore rope length is:
Lv=(1-Δ Lv)DV
At umbrella rope continuously in the situation (i.e. the third situation above-mentioned) of apical pore, umbrella rope calculates also according to above-mentioned formula in the length of apical pore section.
(6) gores basic structure size
First, set in gores, dish, seam, band area ratio be SD:SG:SB(in practice, it is possible to Primary Reference, the dish seamed belt area ratio 53:12:35 of Viking type disk-gap-band parachute, or the dish seamed belt area ratio 38:10:52 of MPF type disk-gap-band parachute), then
A. gores drift angle:
Wherein, N is gores number；
B. gores area:
Wherein, N is gores number；
C. the disc area in gores:
SD0=SD% × S0；
D. dish height:
Wherein, N is gores number；
E. dish base width:
Wherein, N is gores number；
F. apical pore height:
h v = 1 2 D v ;
G. the apical pore length of side:
Wherein, N is gores number；
H. the seam area in gores:
SG0=SG% × S0；
I. width is stitched:
H 2 = S G 0 W 1 ;
J. the band area in gores:
SB0=SB% × S0；
K. bandwidth:
H 3 = S B 0 W 1 ;
L. sawtooth angle:
α=45 °；
M. sawtooth chamfer radius:
R = ( 1 3 ~ 1 5 ) H 3 .
The content not being described in detail in description of the present invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims (2)

1., for a construction design method for base zigzag parachute, described base zigzag parachute includes canopy (1) and umbrella rope (2)；Canopy (1) is divided into upper, middle, and lower part, and top is dish (11), and the top of dish (11) has apical pore, and dish (11) has the circular configuration in hole under planar development state for middle part；Bottom is band (13), and band (13) is the rectangular configuration of a long limit indention under planar development state；Mid portion is wide seam (12), and dish (11) and band (13) are spaced vertically apart from by it；The apical pore at dish (11) top is provided with apical pore along its circumferential edge and strengthens band (14)；The top edge of the lower limb of dish (11) and band (13) is respectively provided with along its circumferentially extending broadwise band (15,15)；The jagged edge of band (13) has base and strengthens band (16)；Canopy has multiple radial belt (17) of the tooth tip portion extending to serrated edge bottom band radially from apical pore along dish and band；The quantity of umbrella rope (2) is identical with the quantity of the radial belt (17) on canopy (1), and, one end of every umbrella rope is connected to radial belt (17), and the other end of many umbrella ropes intersects at a bit, is connected to object to be hung；
It is characterized in that, the construction design method of base zigzag parachute comprises the steps:
(1) apparent area A0Determine according to equation below:
A 0 = C A C d ;
In above formula, CA is drag area,Wherein, mg is the weight of object to be hung, and υ is the landing speed of object to be hung, and ρ is atmospheric density；
CdFor resistance coefficient, reference has the resistance coefficient of the disk-gap-band parachute of identical dribbling area ratio；
(2) nominal diameter D0Determine according to equation below:
D 0 = 4 A 0 π ;
(3) gores number N determines according to equation below: N=4D0+ (7～8), wherein, N takes the even number more than 5；
(4) umbrella rope quantity is equal with gores number, the length L of umbrella ropelDetermine according to equation below: Ll=1.7D0；
(5) apical pore diameter is determined according to equation below:
Dv=(0.005～0.01) D0；
(6) gores basic structure size
Set in gores, dish, seam, band area ratio be SD:SG:SB, then
A. gores drift angle is:
Wherein, N is gores number；
B. gores area:
Wherein, N is gores number；
C. the disc area in gores:
SD0=SD% × S0；
D. dish height:
Wherein, N is gores number；
E. dish base width:
Wherein, N is gores number；
F. apical pore height:
h v = 1 2 D v ;
G. the apical pore length of side:
Wherein, N is gores number；
H. the seam area in gores:
SG0=SG% × S0；
I. width is stitched:
H 2 = S G 0 W 1 ;
J. the band area in gores:
SB0=SB% × S0；
K. bandwidth:
H 3 = S B 0 W 1 ;
L. sawtooth angle:
α=45 °；
M. sawtooth chamfer radius:
R = ( 1 3 ~ 1 5 ) H 3 .
2. the construction design method of base according to claim 1 zigzag parachute, it is characterised in that
When having apical pore rope in apical pore, the length of apical pore rope is determined according to below equation: Lv=(1-Δ Lv)DV, wherein, Δ Lv≤ 5%.
CN201410586376.5A 2014-10-27 2014-10-27 A kind of construction design method for base zigzag parachute Active CN104354869B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1144736A (en) * 1967-01-26 1969-03-05 Gq Parachute Comp Ltd Improvements in or relating to parachutes
CN2444879Y (en) * 2000-09-25 2001-08-29 纬华航太工业股份有限公司 Helicopter parachute device
RU2206476C2 (en) * 2001-07-18 2003-06-20 Государственное унитарное предприятие "Государственное научно-производственное предприятие "Сплав" Parachute for separable nose cone of rocket projectile
CN1388039A (en) * 2002-07-29 2003-01-01 池德龙 Pneumatic reduction system for air bag parachute
EP1907282A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2008-04-09 Parachute Industries of Southern Africa (Proprietary) Ltd. A parachute

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