CN104354869A - Parachute with zigzag bottom edge and structure design method of parachute - Google Patents

Parachute with zigzag bottom edge and structure design method of parachute Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104354869A
CN104354869A CN201410586376.5A CN201410586376A CN104354869A CN 104354869 A CN104354869 A CN 104354869A CN 201410586376 A CN201410586376 A CN 201410586376A CN 104354869 A CN104354869 A CN 104354869A
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Prior art keywords
parachute
gores
band
apical pore
canopy
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CN201410586376.5A
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CN104354869B (en
Inventor
梁艳
李健
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Beijing spaceflight Creative Technology Co.,Ltd.
Beijing Institute of Space Research Mechanical and Electricity
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Beijing Institute of Space Research Mechanical and Electricity
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Abstract

The invention provides a parachute with a zigzag bottom edge, which is applied to the supersonic low-density parachute opening environment. The parachute comprises a parachute canopy and parachute cords, wherein the upper part and the bottom of the parachute canopy are dense fabrics, and the parachute canopy is vertically partitioned from the middle by a wide seam. The parachute has the benefit that the upper part of the parachute canopy is of a plane circular structure, and the connecting part of the bottom edge of the parachute canopy and the parachute cords is zigzag, so that a natural streamlined structure is formed, therefore, the parachute canopy fabrics with redundant bottom edges are eliminated, the influence of supersonic flutter is effectively weakened. The parachute has the advantage of strong flutter resistance and is an excellent supersonic low-density parachute.

Description

A kind of base serration parachute and construction design method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to space flight to enter, slow down and landing (EDL) technical field, particularly, relate to a kind of parachute being applied to hyprsonic lower density parachute-opening environment.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of survey of deep space technology, become study hotspot and difficult point for the EDL technology with rarefied atmosphere planet (such as Mars), this wherein, hyprsonic lower density parachute braking technique is a core technology.Up to now, the parachute umbellate form be applicable under hyprsonic lower density parachute-opening environment comprises the ringsail parachute, cross umbrella etc. of disk-gap-band parachute, improvement.Although cross umbrella has maximum unit resistance area, along with the increase of opening speed, cross umbrella there will be larger vibration, less stable; Under hyprsonic, low dynamic pressure condition, improve ringsail parachute parachute-opening inflation performance, resistance performance are more poor than disk-gap-band parachute.Disk-gap-band parachute is most widely used hyprsonic lower density parachute umbellate form in engineering reality.
At present, disk-gap-band parachute is divided into Viking type, MPF type two kinds of umbellate forms according to version, the dribbling area ratio of the two canopy is different, deceleration performance also has remarkable difference: the dribbling area ratio of Viking type disk-gap-band parachute is about 53:35, drag coefficient higher (≈ 0.67), stability is on the weak side; The dribbling area ratio of MPF type disk-gap-band parachute is about 38:52, and drag coefficient less (≈ 0.43), stability is better.
Under hyprsonic condition, disk-gap-band parachute is the same with other densified fabric umbellate forms, faces the problem such as " breathing ", flutter of canopy, can cause structural failure, ablation to parachute skirt.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the problem of the anti-Flutter Performance difference of existing parachute under hyprsonic condition, provides a kind of base serration parachute and construction design method thereof.The present invention adopts parachute skirt airflow design, with umbrella rope junction indentation bottom canopy, forms streamlined structure, thus can adapt to superonic flutter, reduces flutter and concentrates the stress that parachute skirt causes.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention comprises:
According to an aspect of the present invention, which provide a kind of base serration parachute, comprise canopy and umbrella rope, wherein,
Canopy is divided into upper, middle, and lower part, and top is dish, and the top of dish has apical pore, coils under flat expand state as middle part has the circular configuration in hole; Bottom is band, with the rectangular configuration being a long limit indention under flat expand state; Centre portion is wide seam, and it separates vertical with band for dish;
The apical pore at dish top is provided with apical pore stiffening band along its circumferential edge; The lower edge of dish and the upper limb of band have the broadwise band extended along its circumference respectively; The jagged edge of band has base stiffening band; Canopy have multiple radial belt of the tooth tip portion of the serrated edge extending to band bottom radially from apical pore along dish and band;
The quantity of umbrella rope is identical with the quantity of the radial belt on canopy, and one end of every root umbrella rope is connected to radial belt, and the other end of many umbrella ropes intersects at a bit, is connected to object to be hung.
Further, canopy is formed by multiple gores piece, and the radial belt on canopy is arranged between adjacent two gores.
Further, the apical pore rope radially arranged is provided with in apical pore; And one end of every root umbrella rope is connected to the bottom of corresponding radial belt, or extends to apical pore stiffening band along corresponding radial belt.
Further, every two connect along corresponding radial belt continuous span apical pore integration about apical pore centrosymmetric umbrella rope.
According to another aspect of the present invention, which provide a kind of construction design method for aforesaid base serration parachute, wherein,
(1) apparent area A 0determine according to formula below:
A 0 = CA C d ;
In above formula, CA is drag area, wherein, mg is the weight of object to be hung, and υ is the landing speed of object to be hung, and ρ is atmospheric density;
C dfor drag coefficient, reference has the drag coefficient of the disk-gap-band parachute of identical dribbling area ratio;
(2) nominal diameter D 0determine according to formula below:
D 0 = 4 A 0 π ;
(3) gores number N determines according to formula below: N=4D 0+ (7 ~ 8), wherein, N gets the even number being greater than 5;
(4) umbrella rope quantity is equal with gores number, the length L of umbrella rope ldetermine according to formula below: L l=1.7D 0;
(5) apical pore diameter is determined according to formula below:
D v＝(0.005～0.01)D 0；
(6) gores basic structure size
In setting gores, the area ratio of dish, seam, band is S d: S g: S b, then
A. gores drift angle is:
wherein, N is gores number;
B. gores area:
wherein, N is gores number;
C. the disc area in gores:
S D0＝S D％×S 0；
D. height is coiled:
wherein, N is gores number;
E. base width is coiled:
wherein, N is gores number;
F. apical pore height:
h v = 1 2 D v ;
G. the apical pore length of side:
wherein, N is gores number;
H. the seam area in gores:
S G0＝S G％×S 0；
I. stitch wide:
H 2 = S G 0 W 1 ;
J. the band area in gores:
S B0＝S B％×S 0；
K. bandwidth:
H 3 = S B 0 W 1 ;
L. sawtooth angle:
α＝45°；
M. sawtooth chamfer radius:
R = ( 1 3 ~ 1 5 ) H 3 .
Further, when having apical pore rope in apical pore, the length of apical pore rope is determined according to following formula: L v=(1-Δ L v) D v, wherein, Δ L v≤ 5%.
Compared with prior art, good effect of the present invention comprises:
When working under hyprsonic condition, the cylindrical parachute skirt of existing background technology, due to material redundancy, can cause high frequency flutter.In gores design process of the present invention, change parachute skirt line style into zig-zag by straight line, make parachute skirt be connected self-assembling formation streamlined structure with umbrella rope, eliminate the fabric for parachute can opy of redundancy, weaken flutter effect, be more suitable for hyprsonic condition parachute-opening operating mode.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of parachute of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is gores structure diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, base according to the present invention serration parachute and structure design thereof are described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, be made up of canopy 1 and umbrella rope 2 two parts according to base of the present invention serration parachute.Canopy 1 is divided into upper, middle, and lower part: its top is dish 11, bottom is band 13, is densified fabric, and centre portion is wide seam 12, separates vertical with band 13 for dish 11.
Dish 11 is planar rondure densified fabric, and its top has apical pore, for middle part has the circular configuration in hole under flat expand state.The rectangular fabric of band for optimizing is the rectangular configuration of a long limit indention under flat expand state.Be with the base indentation be connected with umbrella rope, form streamlined structure.
Canopy 1 is formed by some gores 18 pieces, and the structure of gores as shown in Figure 2.The component of canopy 1, except fabric for parachute can opy, also comprises: radial belt 17, broadwise band 15, apical pore stiffening band 14 and base stiffening band 16, together form the aerodynamic loading load-bearing frame in fabric side.
Radial belt 17 extends to parachute skirt (being specially the tooth tip portion of the serrated edge of band bottom) radially on fabric for parachute can opy face from apical pore limit, be connected with umbrella rope, its quantity is identical with umbrella rope quantity.
Two broadwise bands 15 lay respectively at the lower edge of dish and the upper limb of band, form closed ring respectively along respective fabric circumference.
Apical pore stiffening band 14 and base stiffening band 16 lay respectively at the jagged edge of apical pore edge and band 13, form closed ring along fabric circumference.
One end of umbrella rope is connected with radial belt, and the other end intersects at a bit, is connected with object to be hung.One end of umbrella rope and the connection mode of radial belt comprise three kinds of situations: one end of (1) every root umbrella rope is connected to the bottom of corresponding radial belt 17; (2) one end of every root umbrella rope extends to apical pore stiffening band 14 along corresponding radial belt 17; (3) every two connect along corresponding radial belt 17 continuous span apical pore integration about apical pore centrosymmetric umbrella rope 2,2.Wherein, in the former two cases, in apical pore, be usually radially furnished with to follow apical pore rope more.And in a third case, connect integratedly because umbrella rope strides across apical pore, therefore do not need to arrange apical pore rope in addition.
The present invention is adopted to carry out parachute product design, need to pass through structure design, determine the parameter such as apparent area, nominal diameter, gores number, umbrella rope quantity and length, apical pore diameter and apical pore rope length and gores basic structure size, provide the complete structure information of umbellate form.Its construction design method is as follows:
(1) apparent area:
Apparent area is determined by drag area and drag coefficient:
A 0 = CA C d ;
Wherein: CA is drag area, wherein, mg is the weight of object to be hung, and υ is the landing speed of object to be hung, and ρ is atmospheric density; C dfor drag coefficient, when preliminary design, can (wherein, the dribbling area ratio of Viking type disk-gap-band parachute be about 53:35, and drag coefficient is about 0.67 with reference to the drag coefficient of the disk-gap-band parachute with identical dribbling area ratio; The dribbling area ratio of MPF type disk-gap-band parachute is about 38:52, and drag coefficient is about 0.43) determine; After completing, can revise the drag coefficient value tentatively determined according to experimental test result.
(2) nominal diameter:
Canopy nominal diameter is:
D 0 = 4 A 0 π ;
(3) gores number
The computing formula of gores quantity is:
N=4D 0+ (7 ~ 8), N gets the even number being greater than 5.
Preferably, for large-scale parachute product, gores number is preferably the multiple of 4 or 8.
(4) umbrella rope quantity and length
Umbrella rope quantity is equal with gores number.
Umbrella rope length computation formula is:
L l＝1.7D 0；
(5) apical pore diameter and apical pore rope length
Apical pore diameter computing formula is:
D v＝(0.005～0.01)D 0；
When being provided with apical pore rope in apical pore, apical pore rope length should with apical pore equal diameters, but for keep canopy have certain degree of being filled, need by apical pore rope contraction in length some.Generally, apical pore rope LVFS Δ L vbe not more than 5%.
The computing formula of apical pore rope length is:
L v＝(1-ΔL v)D V
In the situation (i.e. the third situation above-mentioned) of umbrella rope continuous span apical pore, umbrella rope in the length of apical pore section also according to above-mentioned formulae discovery.
(6) gores basic structure size
First, in setting gores, the area ratio of dish, seam, band is S d: S g: S b(in practice, can Primary Reference, the dish seamed belt area ratio 53:12:35 of Viking type disk-gap-band parachute, or the dish seamed belt area ratio 38:10:52 of MPF type disk-gap-band parachute), then
A. gores drift angle:
wherein, N is gores number;
B. gores area:
wherein, N is gores number;
C. the disc area in gores:
S D0＝S D％×S 0；
D. height is coiled:
wherein, N is gores number;
E. base width is coiled:
wherein, N is gores number;
F. apical pore height:
h v = 1 2 D v ;
G. the apical pore length of side:
wherein, N is gores number;
H. the seam area in gores:
S G0＝S G％×S 0；
I. stitch wide:
H 2 = S G 0 W 1 ;
J. the band area in gores:
S B0＝S B％×S 0；
K. bandwidth:
H 3 = S B 0 W 1 ;
L. sawtooth angle:
α＝45°；
M. sawtooth chamfer radius:
R = ( 1 3 ~ 1 5 ) H 3 .
The content be not described in detail in specification sheets of the present invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims (6)

1. a base serration parachute, is characterized in that, comprises canopy (1) and umbrella rope (2), wherein,
Canopy (1) is divided into upper, middle, and lower part, and top has apical pore for dish (11), the top of dish (11), coils (11) under flat expand state for middle part has the circular configuration in hole; Bottom is band (13), and band (13) is the rectangular configuration of a long limit indention under flat expand state; Centre portion is wide seam (12), and it will coil (11), and (13) are vertical separates with band;
The apical pore at dish (11) top is provided with apical pore stiffening band (14) along its circumferential edge; The dish lower edge of (11) and the upper limb of band (13) have the broadwise band (15,15) extended along its circumference respectively; The jagged edge of band (13) has base stiffening band (16); Canopy have multiple radial belt (17) of the tooth tip portion of the serrated edge extending to band bottom radially from apical pore along dish and band;
The quantity of umbrella rope (2) is identical with the quantity of the radial belt (17) on canopy (1), and, one end of every root umbrella rope is connected to radial belt (17), and the other end of many umbrella ropes intersects at a bit, is connected to object to be hung.
2. base according to claim 1 serration parachute, is characterized in that, canopy is formed by multiple gores (18) piece, and the radial belt on canopy is arranged between adjacent two gores (18).
3. base according to claim 1 serration parachute, is characterized in that,
The apical pore rope radially arranged is provided with in apical pore; And
One end of every root umbrella rope is connected to the bottom of corresponding radial belt (17), or extends to apical pore stiffening band (14) along corresponding radial belt (17).
4. base according to claim 1 serration parachute, is characterized in that, every two connect along the integration of corresponding radial belt (17) continuous span apical pore about the centrosymmetric umbrella rope of apical pore (2,2).
5., for a construction design method for base as claimed in claim 1 serration parachute, it is characterized in that,
(1) apparent area A 0determine according to formula below:
A 0 = CA C d ;
In above formula, CA is drag area, wherein, mg is the weight of object to be hung, and υ is the landing speed of object to be hung, and ρ is atmospheric density;
C dfor drag coefficient, reference has the drag coefficient of the disk-gap-band parachute of identical dribbling area ratio;
(2) nominal diameter D 0determine according to formula below:
D 0 = 4 A 0 π ;
(3) gores number N determines according to formula below: N=4D 0+ (7 ~ 8), wherein, N gets the even number being greater than 5;
(4) umbrella rope quantity is equal with gores number, the length L of umbrella rope ldetermine according to formula below: L l=1.7D 0;
(5) apical pore diameter is determined according to formula below:
D v＝(0.005～0.01)D 0；
(6) gores basic structure size
In setting gores, the area ratio of dish, seam, band is S d: S g: S b, then
A. gores drift angle is:
wherein, N is gores number;
B. gores area:
wherein, N is gores number;
C. the disc area in gores:
S D0＝S D％×S 0；
D. height is coiled:
wherein, N is gores number;
E. base width is coiled:
wherein, N is gores number;
F. apical pore height:
h v = 1 2 D v ;
G. the apical pore length of side:
wherein, N is gores number;
H. the seam area in gores:
S G0＝S G％×S 0；
I. stitch wide:
H 2 = S G 0 W 1 ;
J. the band area in gores:
S B0＝S B％×S 0；
K. bandwidth:
H 3 = S B 0 W 1 ;
L. sawtooth angle:
α＝45°；
M. sawtooth chamfer radius:
R = ( 1 3 ~ 1 5 ) H 3 .
6. the construction design method of base according to claim 5 serration parachute, is characterized in that,
When having apical pore rope in apical pore, the length of apical pore rope is determined according to following formula: L v=(1-Δ L v) D v, wherein, Δ L v≤ 5%.
CN201410586376.5A 2014-10-27 2014-10-27 A kind of construction design method for base zigzag parachute Active CN104354869B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN2444879Y (en) * 2000-09-25 2001-08-29 纬华航太工业股份有限公司 Helicopter parachute device
CN1388039A (en) * 2002-07-29 2003-01-01 池德龙 Pneumatic reduction system for air bag parachute
RU2206476C2 (en) * 2001-07-18 2003-06-20 Государственное унитарное предприятие "Государственное научно-производственное предприятие "Сплав" Parachute for separable nose cone of rocket projectile
WO2007004018A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-11 Parachute Industries Of Southern Africa (Proprietary) Ltd A parachute

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3403876A (en) * 1967-01-26 1968-10-01 Gq Parachute Comp Ltd Parachutes
CN2444879Y (en) * 2000-09-25 2001-08-29 纬华航太工业股份有限公司 Helicopter parachute device
RU2206476C2 (en) * 2001-07-18 2003-06-20 Государственное унитарное предприятие "Государственное научно-производственное предприятие "Сплав" Parachute for separable nose cone of rocket projectile
CN1388039A (en) * 2002-07-29 2003-01-01 池德龙 Pneumatic reduction system for air bag parachute
WO2007004018A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-11 Parachute Industries Of Southern Africa (Proprietary) Ltd A parachute

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
张宇: "火星降落伞的结构设计与初步性能试验研究", 《航天返回与遥感》, vol. 32, no. 3, 30 June 2011 (2011-06-30), pages 16 - 22 *
陈旭等: ""火星探测漫游者"降落伞的研制", 《航天器工程》, vol. 16, no. 2, 31 March 2007 (2007-03-31), pages 50 - 56 *

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