CN104348361A - Booster-buck converter - Google Patents
Booster-buck converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104348361A CN104348361A CN201410613503.6A CN201410613503A CN104348361A CN 104348361 A CN104348361 A CN 104348361A CN 201410613503 A CN201410613503 A CN 201410613503A CN 104348361 A CN104348361 A CN 104348361A
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- node
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- power supply
- supply input
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
Abstract
The invention relates to a booster-buck converter which comprises a power supply input node, an inductor, an input capacitor and an output capacitor, wherein the input capacitor is connected between the power supply input node and the ground; the booster-buck converter also comprises a first switch, a blocking element, an output anode node and an output cathode node; the inductor is connected between the power supply input node and the output anode node; the output capacitor is connected between the output anode node and the output cathode node; the first switch is connected between the output anode node and the ground; the blocking element is connected between the power supply input node and the output cathode node; when the inductor stores energy, a circuit between the power supply input node and the output cathode node is blocked. According to the booster-buck converter disclosed by the invention, the booster-buck effect is realized by using fewer switches, so that the cost can be reduced; meanwhile, the conduction loss generated by using the switches is also reduced, so that energy conversion efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of voltage boosting-reducing transducer.
Background technology
In some applications, usually need a kind of electric pressure converter, the boosting to input power and buck functionality can be realized simultaneously.A concrete instance is, the power supply that three joint lithium battery series connection are formed, when lithium battery is full of, often economize on electricity pressure is 4.2V, when along with continuous electric discharge, its voltage can drop to 3V, and so every batteries voltage range is 3 ~ 4.2V, three joint series connection are then 9 ~ 12.6V, and namely input supply voltage changes between 9V ~ 12.6V; If load is the LED of 3 series connection, the conducting voltage of every LEDs is 3.5V, then need the voltage ability driven inputting 10.5V.Therefore, when supply voltage is between 10.5 ~ 12.6V, needs transducer to be operated in decompression mode, supply voltage is dropped to 10.5V; When supply voltage is between 9 ~ 10.5V, needs transducer to be operated in boost mode, supply voltage is raised to 10.5V.Such application needs a kind of transducer, can be operated in decompression mode, also can be operated in boost mode, thus ensures the operating voltage that auxiliary acquisition is stable.
As shown in Figure 1, be a kind of implementation of prior art.Load Load1 is connected between output node VO and ground level, switch S 1, inductance L 1 and switch S 4 are connected between power supply input node VIN and output node VO successively, switch S 2 and switch S 3 have one end to be connected to the two ends of inductance L 1 respectively, and the other end all ground connection, the control end of described switch S 1, S2, S3, S4 all distinguishes connection control signal end DV1, DV2, DV3, DV4.
During work, by cut-offfing of control signal end DV1, DV2, DV3, DV4 control switch S1, S2, S3, S4, in the first period, switch S 1 and S3 conducting simultaneously, carry out energy storage to inductance L 1; In the second period, switch S 2 and S4 conducting simultaneously, inductance L 1 releases energy.If it is duty ratio D that definition switch S 1 and S3 ON time account for the ratio in whole cycle, then output voltage and input voltage are followed:
When duty ratio D is less than 1/2, the output voltage UO of output node VO is less than the input voltage UIN of power supply input node VIN, and transducer is operated in decompression mode; When D equals 1/2, the output voltage UO of output node VO equals the input voltage UIN of power supply input node VIN; When D is greater than 1/2, the output voltage UO of output node VO is greater than the input voltage UIN of power supply input node VIN, and transducer is operated in boost mode.
Known by foregoing description, four switching devices used in existing transducer realize the conversion of energy storage to inductance and release, but multiple switching device but brings the complicated and defect that cost is higher of circuit structure.Meanwhile, there is conducting resistance in each switching device, and electric current flows through switching device can produce power loss.In addition, usual switch S 1 and S4 need be made up of PMOS transistor, because its conducting resistance is large, expensive, also make transducer have higher cost.
Summary of the invention
Instant invention overcomes above-mentioned shortcoming, provide a kind of structure simple, voltage boosting-reducing transducer with low cost.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical problem takes: a kind of voltage boosting-reducing transducer, comprise power supply input node, an inductance, an input capacitance and an output capacitance, described input capacitance is connected between power supply input node and ground, also comprise first switch, a blocking element, output cathode node and output negative pole node, described inductance is connected between power supply input node and output cathode node, output capacitance is connected between output cathode node and output negative pole node, described first switch is connected between output cathode node and ground, described blocking element is connected between power supply input node and output negative pole node, the loop described blocking element blocks when described inductive energy storage from described power supply input node to output negative pole node, inductance release can time conducting.
Described blocking element can be diode, and the positive pole of described diode connects described output negative pole node, and negative pole connects described power supply input node.
Described blocking element can be second switch, and when the first switch conduction, second switch disconnects; When the first switch disconnects, second switch conducting.
Can have an of short duration Dead Time between the conducting period of described first switch and the conducting period of second switch, in described Dead Time, the first switch and second switch disconnect simultaneously.
Described diode can adopt Schottky diode.
Described first switch can adopt nmos pass transistor.
The present invention utilizes less switch to realize the effect of voltage boosting-reducing, not only can reduce cost, also reduces the conduction loss using switch to produce simultaneously, thus improves energy conversion efficiency.In addition, described blocking element can adopt Schottky diode or the switch of lower conduction voltage drop, can realize higher energy conversion efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment one in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment two in the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, the solution of the present invention and principle are described, to help understanding content of the present invention.
In the present invention, so-called " blocking element " is defined as: can have block function a certain period (such as during inductive energy storage) to circuit, or have the electronic devices and components of block function to a direction electric current (such as the direction from VIN to VON).
So-called " connection " refers to be electrically connected.
As shown in Figure 2, be the circuit theory diagrams of the embodiment of the present invention one.Voltage boosting-reducing transducer in the embodiment of the present invention one, comprises power supply input node VIN, inductance L 11, input capacitance C11, output capacitance C12, switch S 11, diode D1, output cathode node VOP and output negative pole node VON.Wherein input capacitance C11 is connected between power supply input node VIN and ground, inductance L 11 is connected between power supply input node VIN and output cathode node VOP, load Load11 is connected between output cathode node VOP and output negative pole node VON, output capacitance C12 is also connected between output cathode node VOP and output negative pole node VON, switch S 11 is connected between output cathode node VOP and ground, diode D1 as blocking element is connected between power supply input node VIN and output negative pole node VON, and the positive pole of diode D1 is connected on output negative pole node VON, negative pole meets power supply input node VIN, the control end of described switch S 11 is connected to control signal end DV11, DV11 exports as periodic duty cycle signals, control switch S11 is with duty ratio D1 batch (-type) turn-on and turn-off.
The course of work of above-mentioned first embodiment is as follows: in the first stage, switch S 11 conducting, inductance L 11 carries out energy storage, current from power source input node VIN flows through inductance L 11, flow to ground again, now diode D1 is in blocking state, blocks from the loop power supply input node VIN to output negative pole node VON; Second stage, switch S 11 disconnects, inductance L 11 releases energy, current from power source input node VIN flows to inductance L 11, then through overload Load11 and output capacitance C2, flows to diode D1, now diode D1 conducting, electric current through described diode D1, gets back to power supply input node VIN again, forms the loop released energy.
In stability, according to inductive magnetic flux amount conservation principle:
(UIN)×D×Ts+(UIN-(UIN+UO1))×(1-D)×Ts＝0
Wherein UIN is the magnitude of voltage of power supply input node VIN, UO1 is output voltage values, the voltage difference between the voltage U ON namely between the voltage U OP of output cathode node VOP and output negative pole node VON, i.e. UO1=UOP-UON, D is the duty ratio of switch S 11 conducting, and Ts is switch periods.
Above formula abbreviation is arranged:
When D is less than 1/2, output voltage UO1 is less than input voltage UIN, and transducer is operated in decompression mode; When D equals 1/2, output voltage UO1 equals input voltage UIN; When D is greater than 1/2, output voltage UO1 is greater than input voltage UIN, and transducer is operated in boost mode, namely identical with the operating voltage conversion effect in background technology.
Because the present invention only needs two power devices, i.e. switch S 11 and diode D1, so contrast prior art, its cost is cheaper.In addition, general diode D1 is lower than other power switch costs.In order to raise the efficiency, described diode D1 can adopt the Schottky diode that conduction voltage drop is less; Described switch S 11 can also adopt the nmos pass transistor of source ground to form, and therefore the price of the nmos pass transistor of general identical conducting resistance lower than the price of PMOS transistor, will have the advantage of lower cost.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams according to embodiments of the invention two.Embodiment two is compared with embodiment one, and circuit structure major part is identical, and difference is, employing switch S 22 substituted for the diode D1 in Fig. 2, and the control end of switch S 22 is connected to control signal end DV22.
The course of work of embodiment two is as follows: in the first stage, switch S 21 conducting, switch S 22 disconnects, inductance L 21 carries out energy storage, current from power source input node VIN flows through inductance L 21, then flows to ground, and now switch S 22 disconnects, namely be in blocking state, block from the loop film input node VIN to output negative pole node VON; Second stage, switch S 21 disconnects, switch S 22 conducting, inductance releases energy, and current from power source input node VIN flows to inductance L 21, again through overload Load2 and output capacitance C22, flow to switch S 22, now switch S 22 is connected, and electric current is again through described switch S 22, get back to power supply input node VIN, form the loop released energy.Voltage transitions formula is also identical with embodiment one, repeats no more here.
Wherein, the signal that control signal end DV21 exports and the signal that control signal end DV22 exports are not overlapping clock, and namely when DV21 exports as high level, DV22 exports as low level; When DV22 exports as high level, DV21 exports as low level.In order to avoid the conducting simultaneously of two switches, there is an of short duration Dead Time between the high level that general DV21 exports and the high level period that DV22 exports, in this Dead Time, the output of DV21 and DV22 is low level simultaneously.That is, make to have between the conducting period of described switch S 21 and the conducting period of switch S 22 an of short duration Dead Time, in described Dead Time, switch S 21 and switch S 22 disconnect simultaneously.
According to above-mentioned analysis, although embodiment two have employed a switch S 22 instead of diode D1 in embodiment one, cost is slightly higher than embodiment one, and switch S 22 can realize the conduction voltage drop lower than diode D1.Ignoring conduction loss ideally, higher energy conversion efficiency can realized.
Above a kind of voltage boosting-reducing transducer provided by the present invention is described in detail, apply specific case herein to set forth principle of the present invention and execution mode, the explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a voltage boosting-reducing transducer, comprise power supply input node, inductance, an input capacitance and an output capacitance, described input capacitance is connected between power supply input node and ground, it is characterized in that: also comprise first switch, blocking element, output cathode node and an output negative pole node, described inductance is connected between power supply input node and output cathode node, output capacitance is connected between output cathode node and output negative pole node, and described first switch is connected between output cathode node and ground; Described blocking element is connected between power supply input node and output negative pole node, the loop described blocking element blocks when described inductive energy storage from described power supply input node to output negative pole node, described inductance release can time conducting.
2. voltage boosting-reducing transducer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described blocking element is diode, and the positive pole of described diode connects described output negative pole node, and negative pole connects described power supply input node.
3. voltage boosting-reducing transducer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described blocking element is second switch, and when the first switch conduction, second switch disconnects; When the first switch disconnects, second switch conducting.
4. voltage boosting-reducing transducer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: there is between the conducting period of described first switch and the conducting period of second switch an of short duration Dead Time, in described Dead Time, the first switch and second switch disconnect simultaneously.
5. voltage boosting-reducing transducer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described diode adopts Schottky diode.
6. the voltage boosting-reducing transducer according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that: described first switch adopts nmos pass transistor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410613503.6A CN104348361B (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2014-11-04 | A kind of voltage raising and reducing converter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410613503.6A CN104348361B (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2014-11-04 | A kind of voltage raising and reducing converter |
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| CN104348361A true CN104348361A (en) | 2015-02-11 |
| CN104348361B CN104348361B (en) | 2017-06-06 |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN104734302A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-06-24 | 北京京东方能源科技有限公司 | Power supply circuit and method |
| CN104917384A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-16 | 无锡中星微电子有限公司 | Voltage-reducing type converter |
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| CN104348361B (en) | 2017-06-06 |
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