CN104347903B - Charging method to Rechargeable battery - Google Patents

Charging method to Rechargeable battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104347903B
CN104347903B CN201310341989.8A CN201310341989A CN104347903B CN 104347903 B CN104347903 B CN 104347903B CN 201310341989 A CN201310341989 A CN 201310341989A CN 104347903 B CN104347903 B CN 104347903B
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period
voltage
rechargeable battery
constant current
open
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CN104347903A (en
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姚宇桐
洪宗良
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Leadtrend Technology Corp
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Leadtrend Technology Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

Embodiments of the invention disclose a kind of charging method to Rechargeable battery.This charging method includes：In a charge period, provide a constant current, this Rechargeable battery is charged；After this charge period terminates, this constant current is separated a mitigation period with this Rechargeable battery；Sample the period in one, measure an open-circuit voltage of this Rechargeable battery, this sampling period occurs the scheduled wait time after this mitigation period starts；Relatively this open-circuit voltage and a target voltage；And, when this open-circuit voltage is less than or equal to this target voltage, provide one to supplement constant current, in a boost charge period, this Rechargeable battery is charged.

Description

Charging method to Rechargeable battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of charging method for Rechargeable battery.
Background technology
For at present, extensively for welcome mobile computing, rechargeable battery is an indispensable main element. Storage electric energy or release electric energy that Rechargeable battery can circulate.Often charging it in order to mobile device can be extended twice Between use time, rechargeable battery needs to fill as far as possible full.The satiety but rechargeable battery cannot charge again.Citing comes Say, as long as having the overcharged voltage of several millivolts it is possible to can cause damage to rechargeable type alkalescence (alkaline) battery.
Fig. 1 shows a charger and a Rechargeable battery.On Rechargeable battery 20, cross-pressure is cell voltage VBAT. Charger 10 can provide charging current ICHG, Rechargeable battery 20 is charged.As shown in Figure 1, Rechargeable battery 20 etc. Resistance 26 had on effect and input impedance that electric capacity 24 parallel connection is constituted and the main capacitance 22 in order to deposit electric energy.Work as charging Electric current ICHGDuring for 0A, Rechargeable battery 20 is open circuit, cell voltage VBATBig appointment is equal to the cross-pressure of main capacitance 22.So it is main The cross-pressure of electric capacity 22 can be described as open-circuit voltage (open-circuit voltage) VOCV.In this description, in charged electric Pond 20 is measured cell voltage V during open circuitBAT, all can be described as open-circuit voltage VOCV.Open-circuit voltage VOCVValue can be direct The electricity that reaction main capacitance 22 is deposited.
Fig. 2 shows signal produced by a kind of known charging method.From top to bottom, show cell voltage V respectivelyBATWith And open-circuit voltage VOCV, charging current ICHG, and battery electric quantity saturation.The known charge method of Fig. 2 is applicable to filling of Fig. 1 Electrical equipment 10.The charging method of Fig. 2 generally sequentially uses two kinds of charge modes：Constant current (constant-current, CC) fills Power mode and constant voltage (constant-voltage, CV) pattern.As shown in Figure 2, charging is CC charge mode at the beginning, Charger 10 is with main charging constant current IMJRAs charging current ICHGPersistently Rechargeable battery 20 is charged, so cell voltage VBAT, open-circuit voltage VOCV, battery electric quantity saturation all linearly rises.As cell voltage VBATIt is approximately equal to represent rechargeable type Battery fills full target voltage V completelyTARWhen, charge mode is switched to CV charge mode.10 cell voltage V of chargerBATGu It is scheduled on about target voltage VTAR.Now, charging current ICHGReduction, open-circuit voltage V at leisureOCVAt leisure toward target voltage VTARForce Closely and battery electric quantity saturation approaches 100% at leisure, TunePower 20 is filled full.Charging method in Fig. 2 can make out Road voltage VOCVClosely and less than target voltage VTAR, make TunePower 20 almost fill full state completely.
The charging method of Fig. 2 has individual shortcoming：CV charge mode may need for a long time time could protect TunePower 20 to fill Full.For example, once the internal resistance 26 in TunePower 20 is larger with electric capacity 24 ratio, CV charge mode is charged electric Pond is filled the full charging interval and will significantly be extended.A kind of possible case is that CC charge mode takes for 20% charging interval, provides 50% battery electric quantity of TunePower 20；And CV charge mode takes for 80% charging interval, but only it is provided with other 50% Battery electric quantity.
Therefore, how can shorten and TunePower is filled the full charging interval (filling full end from starting to charge up to), one The straight target made great efforts by industry.
In this specification, there is identical numbered elements or device, for having identical or similar functions, structure or spy Property element or device, be that people in the industry can learn or deduce to have the teaching of this specification, but need not be fully identical. For succinct reason, will not repeat specification.
Content of the invention
Embodiments of the invention disclose a kind of charging method it is adaptable to charge to a Rechargeable battery, include：One Charge period, provides a constant current, and this Rechargeable battery is charged；After this charge period terminates, by this constant current with should Rechargeable battery separates a mitigation period；Sample the period in one, measure an open-circuit voltage of this Rechargeable battery, this sampling There is the scheduled wait time after this mitigation period starts in the period；Relatively this open-circuit voltage and a target voltage；And, when When this open-circuit voltage is less than or equal to this target voltage, one is provided to supplement constant current, in a boost charge period, chargeable to this Formula battery charges.
Embodiments of the invention separately disclose a kind of charging method it is adaptable to charge to a Rechargeable battery, include：Carry For a preliminary filling constant current, persistently this TunePower is charged, until a cell voltage of this Rechargeable battery be higher than or Cross low-voltage equal to one；After this cell voltage is higher than or crosses low-voltage equal to this, provide a constant current, persistently to this charging Formula battery charges, until this cell voltage is higher than or is equal to a Primary objectives voltage；At the end of this charge period, by this perseverance Electric current separates a mitigation period with this Rechargeable battery；Sample the period in one, measure an open circuit electricity of this Rechargeable battery Pressure, there is the scheduled wait time after this mitigation period starts in this sampling period；Relatively this open-circuit voltage and target electricity Pressure；And, when this open-circuit voltage is less than or equal to this target voltage, provide one to supplement constant current, in a boost charge period, This Rechargeable battery is charged.
Brief description
Fig. 1 shows a charger and a Rechargeable battery.
Fig. 2 shows signal produced by a kind of known charging method.
A charger and a Rechargeable battery that Fig. 3 display foundation present invention is implemented.
Fig. 4 shows a kind of signal produced by charging method implemented according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows, is relevant to boost charge period T in Fig. 4 in one embodimentSUPSignal.
Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B shows respectively, is relevant to boost charge period T in Fig. 4 in another two embodimentsSUPCharging electricity Stream ICHG.
【Main element symbol description】
10 chargers
20 Rechargeable batteries
22 main capacitances
24 electric capacity
26 resistance
60 chargers
ICHGCharging current
IMJRMain charging constant current
ISUPSupplement constant current
SSAMPLESampled signal
tOFFTime
tSTARTTime
TCHGCharging interval
TFRCThe strong filling period
TMJRMain charge period
TPLS-1、TPLS-2The pulse charge period
TPREThe preliminary filling period
TRELRelax the period
TSAMPLEThe sampling period
TSUPThe boost charge period
TWAITWaiting time
VBATCell voltage
VOCVOpen-circuit voltage
VTARTarget voltage
VUVCross low-voltage
Specific embodiment
A charger 60 and a Rechargeable battery 20 that Fig. 3 display foundation present invention is implemented.Fig. 4 display a kind of according to According to signal produced by the charging method that the present invention is implemented.From top to bottom, show the cell voltage V in Fig. 3 respectivelyBATAnd Open-circuit voltage VOCV, charging current ICHG, and battery electric quantity saturation.
As shown in Figure 4, whole charging interval TCHGIn, charger 60 first operates in CC charge mode, and followed by CV charges Pattern.CC charge mode in the diagram is from the time t starting that chargesSTART, it is divided into three periods：Preliminary filling period (precharge time period)TPRE, main charge period (major charge time period) TMJR, and boost charge period (supplement charge time period)TSUP.
If cell voltage VBATCross low-voltage (under voltage) V less than oneUV, then charger 60 operate in preliminary filling Section TPRE.In preliminary filling period TPRE, charger 60 can be with a relatively small preliminary filling constant current IPREConstantly to Rechargeable battery 20 Charge.In preliminary filling period TPREIn, charger 60 detects cell voltage VBAT.Once cell voltage VBATIt was more than or equal to low-voltage VUV, preliminary filling period TPRETerminate, subsequently enter main charge period TMJR.As shown in Figure 4, cross low-voltage VUVIt is fuller than battery fills Target voltage VTARLittle.
In main charge period TMJRIn, charger 60 can be with a main charging constant current IMJRConstantly to Rechargeable battery 20 Charge.In one embodiment, this main charging constant current IMJRCan be preliminary filling constant current IPRE10 times.In main charge period TMJR In, charger 60 detects cell voltage VBAT.Once cell voltage VBATMore than or equal to target voltage VTAR, main charge period TMJRKnot Bundle, main charging constant current IMJRSeparate with Rechargeable battery 20.Afterwards, boost charge period TSUPStart.
In boost charge period TSUPIn, charger 60 is off and on to supplement constant current ISUPRechargeable battery 20 is filled Electricity.When charging to Rechargeable battery 20, supplement constant current ISUPFor a definite value, but when recovery is charged after the interruption, Supplement constant current ISUPIt is likely to become another different definite value.In boost charge period TSUPIn, charger 60 detection open circuit electricity Pressure VOCV.In other words, charger 60 detects (charging current I of breaking in chargingCHGEqual to 0A) when cell voltage VBAT.Once Open-circuit voltage VOCVIt is higher than or be equal to target voltage VTAR, then boost charge period TSUPTerminate, CV charge mode starts.Supplement Charge period TSUPIn action, will thin portion explanation after a while.
During CV charge mode, 60 cell voltage V of chargerBATIt is fixed on about target voltage VTAR, come to charged electric Charge in pond 20.In other words, charger 60 offer value is about target voltage VTARConstant voltage, Rechargeable battery 20 is charged. Now, because open-circuit voltage VOCVIt is exactly about target voltage VTAR, so charging current ICHGCan rapidly reduce and battery Electricity saturation soon approaches 100%, TunePower 20 is filled full.In one embodiment, when charging current ICHGLess than or Equal to main charging constant current IMJR10% when, such as the time t of Fig. 4OFFOccurred, TunePower 20 assert by charger 60 Filling full, so finishing CV charge mode, and so that the constant voltage of charging is separated with Rechargeable battery 20, charging current ICHGIt is changed into 0.
Fig. 5 shows, is relevant to boost charge period T in Fig. 4 in one embodimentSUPSignal, from top to bottom, show respectively Show cell voltage VBATAnd open-circuit voltage VOCV, charging current ICHG, and sampled signal SSAMPLE.As shown in figure 5, during main charging Section TMJRTerminate in cell voltage VBATMore than or equal to target voltage VTARWhen, then boost charge period TSUPStart.
Boost charge period TSUP-By mitigation period (relax time period) TRELAnd at least one pulse Charge period (pulse charge time period) is constituted.In the example of fig. 5, boost charge period TSUPOne is had to delay With period TRELAnd two pulse charge period TPLS-1With TPLS-2.Each pulse charge period includes the last one and fills period TFRC And one mitigation period TREL.
In each strong filling period TFRC, charger 60 is to supplement constant current ISUPTo TunePower 20 forced charge.In Fig. 5 In, two strong filling period TFRC-1With TFRC-2In supplementary constant current ISUP-1With supplementary constant current ISUP-2All equally it is equal to main charging Constant current IMJR.But the present invention is not limited to this.In other embodiments, supplement constant current ISUPChanging of period can be filled with strong Become, and become another different constant current.Strong filling period TFRCLength, be also not necessarily limited to as in Fig. 5, need at each All the same in the pulse charge period.In another embodiment, than the strong filling period T of later appearanceFRCComparatively short.Strong filling period TFRC At the end of, supplement constant current ISUPSeparate with TunePower 20.
Relax period TRELIt is connected at each main charge period TMJROr fill by force period TFRCAt the end of.As shown in Figure 5, Each relaxes period TRELIn, charging current ICHGApproximately fixed for 0A, make TunePower 20 be open-circuit condition.Because rechargeable The discharge effect of electric capacity 24 in battery 20, cell voltage VBATAnd open-circuit voltage VOCVTo approach each other over time.During sampling Section TSAMPLEOccur relaxing period TRELA scheduled wait time (wait time) T after beginningWAIT.As shown in Figure 5, only Want waiting time TWAITLong enough, in sampling period TSAMPLEIn cell voltage VBATAnd open-circuit voltage VOCVWill about that This is equal.Therefore, charger 60 is in sampled signal SSAMPLEDefined sampling period TSAMPLE, detect open-circuit voltage VOCV.In figure In 5, waiting time TWAITRelax period T at eachRELIn have the same time span, but the present invention is not limited to this.Another In one embodiment, than the mitigation period T of later appearanceRELThere is long waiting time TWAIT.
Pulse charge period T in Figure 5PLS-2Sampling period TSAMPLE, cell voltage VBATAnd open-circuit voltage VOCV? Optionally greater than target voltage VTAR, therefore, boost charge period TSUPTerminate, CV charge mode starts.
Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B shows respectively, is relevant to boost charge period T in Fig. 4 in another two embodimentsSUPCharging electricity Stream ICHG.
Fig. 6 A shows that each supplements constant current ISUPAll the same, but the strong filling period T than later appearanceFRCComparatively short.Citing For, each relaxes period TRELIn detected open-circuit voltage VOCVStrong filling period T after may decide thatFRCLength.Higher Open-circuit voltage VOCV, follow-up strong filling period TFRCAnd boost charge period TSUP-Shorter.Because open-circuit voltage VOCVSubstantially On increase with the charging interval, so strong filling period T after a whileFRCShorter.So compare and can easily avoid over-charging of battery Situation occur.
Fig. 6 B shows each strong filling period TFRCAll equally long, but the supplementary constant current I than later appearanceSUPComparatively short.? In Fig. 6, first pulse charge period TPLS-1In supplementary constant current ISUPHigher than main charging constant current IMJR.For example, often Individual mitigation period TRELIn detected open-circuit voltage VOCVSupplementary constant current I after may decide thatSUPSize.Higher and more Close to target voltage VTAROpen-circuit voltage VOCV, follow-up strong filling period TFRCIn supplementary constant current ISUPLess.So The situation that over-charging of battery can be avoided occurs.
In another embodiment, each relaxes period TRELIn detected open-circuit voltage VOCVCan be determined it together Supplementary constant current I afterwardsSUPSize fills period T with strongFRCLength.
Compare with the embodiment of Fig. 2 it is found that increasing in the end of CC charge mode according to Fig. 4 that the present invention is implemented Boost charge period TSUP.As long as suitable selection boost charge period TSUPIn supplementary constant current ISUPWhen size and strong filling Section TFRCLength, CV charge mode just can be charged to TunePower full in a short period of time.Compared to known technology, according to The comparatively short charging interval can be enjoyed according to the charger that the present invention is implemented.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, all impartial changes done according to claims of the present invention with repair Decorations, all should belong to the covering scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of charging method, it is adaptable to charge to a Rechargeable battery, includes：
In a charge period, provide a constant current, this Rechargeable battery is charged；
After this charge period terminates, this constant current is separated a mitigation period with this Rechargeable battery；
Sample the period one, measure an open-circuit voltage of this Rechargeable battery, the generation of this sampling period was opened in this mitigation period The scheduled wait time after beginning；
Relatively this open-circuit voltage and a target voltage；And
When this open-circuit voltage is less than or equal to this target voltage, one is provided to supplement constant current, in a boost charge period, to this Rechargeable battery charges.
2. charging method as claimed in claim 1, also includes：
When this open-circuit voltage is greater than or equal to this target voltage, provide a constant voltage, this Rechargeable battery is charged, its In, this constant voltage is approximately equal to this target voltage.
3. charging method as claimed in claim 2, also includes：
When this constant voltage is couple to this Rechargeable battery, a charging current to this Rechargeable battery for the measurement；
When this charging current is less than a preset value, this constant voltage is separated with this Rechargeable battery.
4. charging method as claimed in claim 1, also includes：
According to this open-circuit voltage, estimate this supplement constant current；
Wherein, this boost charge Period Length is a predetermined fixed value.
5. charging method as claimed in claim 1, also includes：
According to this open-circuit voltage, estimate this boost charge period；
Wherein, this supplements constant current and is equal to this constant current.
6. charging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, this charge period ends at the battery when this Rechargeable battery Voltage is higher than or is equal to a Primary objectives voltage.
7. charging method as claimed in claim 6, wherein, this Primary objectives voltage is equal to this target voltage.
8. charging method as claimed in claim 6, also includes：
A preliminary filling period before this charge period, provide a preliminary filling constant current, this TunePower is charged；
Wherein, the cell voltage that this preliminary filling period ends at this Rechargeable battery is higher than or being equal to one crosses low-voltage；With And
Cross low-voltage and be less than this Primary objectives voltage.
9. charging method as claimed in claim 1, also includes：
In several strong filling periods, provide several supplementary constant currents respectively, this Rechargeable battery is charged；And
At the end of each strong filling period, by described supplementary constant current, one of them is separated with this Rechargeable battery.
10. charging method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, a relaxation time from the beginning of at the end of each boost charge period, There is this scheduled wait time after this mitigation period starts in this sampling period, this charging method also includes：
It is this sampling period, measure this open-circuit voltage of this Rechargeable battery.
A kind of 11. charging methods, it is adaptable to charge to Rechargeable battery, include：
One preliminary filling constant current is provided, persistently this TunePower is charged, until a cell voltage of this Rechargeable battery is high In or be equal to a pre-charge pressure；
After this cell voltage is higher than or is equal to this pre-charge pressure, a constant current is provided, persistently this TunePower is charged, Until this cell voltage is higher than or is equal to a Primary objectives voltage；
At the end of this charge period, this constant current is separated a mitigation period with this Rechargeable battery；
Sample the period one, measure an open-circuit voltage of this Rechargeable battery, the generation of this sampling period was opened in this mitigation period The scheduled wait time after beginning；
Relatively this open-circuit voltage and a target voltage；And
When this open-circuit voltage is less than or equal to this target voltage, one is provided to supplement constant current, in a boost charge period, to this Rechargeable battery charges.
CN201310341989.8A 2013-08-07 2013-08-07 Charging method to Rechargeable battery Active CN104347903B (en)

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CN104347903B true CN104347903B (en) 2017-03-01

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110350260B (en) * 2019-05-31 2021-08-06 恒大新能源科技集团有限公司 Electricity supplementing method for battery cell

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102134248A (en) * 2011-01-06 2011-07-27 南京大学 Multi-sulfo-disulfide alkene nickel coordination compound and preparation method and application thereof
CN102318129A (en) * 2009-11-27 2012-01-11 松下电器产业株式会社 Method for charging lithium-ion secondary battery and battery pack
CN102891340A (en) * 2011-07-19 2013-01-23 张少波 Step charging method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102318129A (en) * 2009-11-27 2012-01-11 松下电器产业株式会社 Method for charging lithium-ion secondary battery and battery pack
CN102134248A (en) * 2011-01-06 2011-07-27 南京大学 Multi-sulfo-disulfide alkene nickel coordination compound and preparation method and application thereof
CN102891340A (en) * 2011-07-19 2013-01-23 张少波 Step charging method

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