CN104346710A - Food-logistics supply-chain model - Google Patents
Food-logistics supply-chain model Download PDFInfo
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- CN104346710A CN104346710A CN201310335802.3A CN201310335802A CN104346710A CN 104346710 A CN104346710 A CN 104346710A CN 201310335802 A CN201310335802 A CN 201310335802A CN 104346710 A CN104346710 A CN 104346710A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
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- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013068 supply chain management Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 206010016952 Food poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000019331 Foodborne disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000293869 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
- G06Q10/087—Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of logistics information, in particular to a food-logistics supply-chain model. The food-logistics supply-chain model comprises four submodules, i.e. an agricultural-product producing submodule, a transporting submodule, a warehousing submodule and a dispatching submodule, wherein in an agricultural-product producing process/link, raw materials are provided for a food supply chain; in a transporting link, the products of the agricultural-product producing process/link are transported to food processing enterprises; in a warehousing process/link, food finished products/semi-finished products are warehoused; in a dispatching process/link, the food finished products/semi-finished products are dispatched among required enterprises. According to the food-logistics supply-chain model, the period in advance can be effectively shortened, the satisfying rate of one-time dispatching is increased, the operating expenses of a dispatching center are reduced, the dispatching expenses are decreased, the deteriorating rate of foods in transit is decreased, and the dispatching cost is successfully lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to logistics information technique field, especially Food Logistics Supply Chain Model.
Background technology
Food service industry is one of mainstay industry of China's economy, in the quick growth in continuous more than ten years, estimates also will continue to grow in 5 years from now on, has a high potential.Estimate according to China Food Industry Association, although there is the unfavorable factor such as the rise in price of food raw and auxiliary material, electric power energy shortage, within 2004, Chinese food industry continues good, and in quick operation situation, annual year-on-year growth rate will more than 20%.But along with improving constantly of expanding economy and people's living standard, the food consumption idea of people changes from the single consumption pattern of tradition to the personalization in modern times, convenient purification.A lot of enterprises of food service industry still manage under meagre profit, predicament even without profit.
Food service industry is a special industry, and it is related to the quality of daily life and the health of the whole society.So have high requirement to shelf-life, sanitary condition, storage condition etc.This place making agri-food supply chains have some special: need complicated storage, traffic condition, comprise and all require very high to the preservation condition of starting material, packing material, finished product; Have strict requirement to the shelf-life, can not sell for the food do not grown from mistake time effect phase, it's the effect phase the pasting food will be destroyed in time; Dispensing is wanted in time, to need to make customer order to respond fast; The all-the-way tracking of batch transport, comprises batch to follow the tracks of starting material and finished product, as such mass problem again, just can in time problem identificatioin root.
So-called supply chain management, meeting under certain service level prerequisite, manufacturer's product that supplier, manufacturer, retail trader are combined into one effectively of Bian in order to make system cost minimum, and the methodology commodity of some and quality being delivered to certain location in the suitable time.Supply chain management to cover the client from the supplier of supplier to client about final products or the formation of service and all business activities of payment, its objective is the value maximization that whole supply chain is produced.Generally speaking, agri-food supply chains is made up of different links and tissue: the supply system (supplier of peasant household) of the means of production such as antenatal seed, feed, fertilizer, agricultural chemicals; Crop cultivation and aquaculture production link (peasant household) in product; Food processing enterprises; Food is undertaken packing by distribution enterprise, store and be dispensed into each retailer or restaurant, finally arrives in consumer's hand.
Specifically, there is following problem in China's agri-food supply chains present situation:
One, agricultural product production scale is little, point spreading, and infrastructure falls behind:
1, peasant household is as agricultural product initial provision business, is the small producer of thousands upon thousands dispersions, and small scale, distribution is wide.Peasant will produce in the face of market tissue, but it is unhappy to suffer from market information transmission, and market orientation is ineffective, blindly produce, drug on the market relatively to have occurred some agricultural product, and supply falls short of demand again for other agricultural product, cause Farming Circulation Channels chaotic, market for farm products is without sort run, and the market behavior is lack of standardization.
2, rural area logistics infrastructure, equipment fall behind, and cause that agricultural product " sell difficulty ", the problem such as " getting bumper crops in poor harvest ".(1) rural transport network backwardness relatively, some outlying mountain area not yet village to village road, the blocking of some area traffic is crowded, agricultural product can not flow by smooth its of thing: (2) are in transport process, haulage vehicle is convertible mostly, and Bulk Transport & its lacks refrigerating equipment.
Two, in links such as storage, transport, processing, sale, preservation technique lacks, and crop loss is large:
At present, the agricultural product logistics of China is based on normal temperature logistics or natural form logistics, and lack refrigerating equipment and technology, agricultural product lose very large in logistics progress.According to statistics, the logistics link loss percentage such as the agricultural product such as China's fruit, vegetables are plucked at Bian, transport, accumulating reaches 25% ~ 30%, has total value to be that the agricultural product of 75,000,000,000 yuan addle in transit, lose every year.In developed country, fruits and vegetables loss percentage is then controlled in less than 5%.
The production-supply-marketing of three, processing of farm products, distributors does not form chain:
The links such as agricultural production, processing, accumulating, sale do not form the economic interests community of integration.Food distributors do not analyze numerous supplier, assess, compare, investigate often from short-term interests, do not set up long-term partnership with supplier, dragons and fishes jumbled together to cause supplier, a large amount of low-quality goods is unworthily moved in Food Supermarket, harm consumer.
Although four, some company introduces and establishes ERP system, these ERP system implemented only meet the portion requirements in finance and production management, but sale does not solve all the time well with the disconnection of stock:
1, original ERP system can not adapt to the said firm's food existing business pattern, and inventory data is delayed for a long time; Transmitted the inventory data of each warehouse proxima luce (prox. luc) between logistics department and sales department by fax form, directly affects the selling operation of company; The stock of distributors, deliver goods every day situation also cannot accurate perception, and be therefore difficult to work out the production schedule and goods appropriation plan exactly, supply falls short of demand often to cause the busy season, dull season stock situation.
2, food-safety problem is the significant problem of relation people ' s health and national economy, and the safety of food more and more causes the concern of the whole society.But problem the most serious in quality problems or agri-food supply chains, within 2003, the Ministry of Public Health receives national Grave food-poisoning event report 379 altogether, wherein 12876 people are poisoning, 323 people are dead, add 196.1%, 80.7%, 134.1% respectively than last year, this shows that the food quality problem of China is quite serious.Food quality problem wide material sources, can occur at the links of agri-food supply chains.
The problems referred to above are to a great extent from delivery process: have a lot of food to provide and deliver under certain circumstances, and as meat needs van cooler, but in fact a lot of enterprises normal temperature car is provided and delivered.That is, a kind of logistics agri-food supply chains for the distinctive present situation of China is lacked in prior art.Supply chain management level falls behind.One is talent shortage.The domestic Food Logistics supply chain personnel be always or usually as specified that lack training, so many people was all engaged in food selling originally, did not understand the thought of supply chain management.Next is that the level of informatization is not high.According to investigations, in National Agricultural leading enterprise, only have the infosystem that 45% implements simple function, the inner supply chain management of the enterprise implement less than 13%, and only less than 1% enterprise implement SCM to the whole process; Links information occlusion, lacks unimpeded information communication mechanism, and transparency information is little, and it is common occurrence feelings that information disconnects, and causes food that meaningless delay occurs in supply chain, adds risk and operating cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide Food Logistics Supply Chain Model to overcome above-mentioned technical disadvantages.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention adopts is: Food Logistics Supply Chain Model, comprises following four submodules: agricultural product are produced, transport, storage and dispensing, described agricultural product production run/link provides starting material for agri-food supply chains; Described transit link refers to and the achievement of described agricultural product production run/link is transported to food processing unit; Described storage process/link refers to carries out warehouse storage to food products/semi-manufacture; Described delivery process/link refers to carries out described food products/semi-manufacture of providing and delivering between each required unit.
The whole process of described agricultural product production run/link Bian RFID to the production of these agricultural product exercises supervision.
Described delivery process/link comprises the collaborative of itself and storage process/link: the inventories in each warehouse are transparent in systems in which, each organizational structure not only can find the current inventories in each warehouse by platform, also can according to the flow direction of production date track product.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is: the time in advance that the present invention can effectively shortening, and improves the Service Efficiency of once providing and delivering and the working expense reducing home-delivery center, and can reduce dispensing expense to a certain extent.Direct transport refers to that transport is without warehouse and home-delivery center, shelf-life due to food is shorter and easily rot, therefore Bian the present invention effectively can reduce the deterioration rate of food in transit, be particularly suitable for short run, the dispensing of the food that customer demand is intensive and time requirement is close, domestic not rare food enterprise adopts this kind of strategy, and successfully reduces distribution cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is block diagram of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is management method block scheme of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be described below below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2 couples of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes four submodules: agricultural product are produced, transport, storage and dispensing, described agricultural product production run/link provides starting material for agri-food supply chains; Described transit link refers to and the achievement of described agricultural product production run/link is transported to food processing unit; Described storage process/link refers to carries out warehouse storage to food products/semi-manufacture; Described delivery process/link refers to carries out described food products/semi-manufacture of providing and delivering between each required unit.
The whole process of described agricultural product production run/link Bian RFID to the production of these agricultural product exercises supervision.
Described delivery process/link comprises the collaborative of itself and storage process/link: the inventories in each warehouse are transparent in systems in which, each organizational structure not only can find the current inventories in each warehouse by platform, also can according to the flow direction of production date track product.
As shown in Figure 2, management method of the present invention, comprises (1) and adopts the pattern of " leading enterprise/employer's organization+peasant household " to arrange in agricultural product production run/link, the whole link that Bian RFID tracing farm product is produced; (2) in transportation/link, deepfreeze system is equipped with; (3) in storage process/link, use RFID and wireless network to manage, strengthen the transparency of storage inventories, increase the dirigibility that management transferred by warehouse kinds of goods; (4) cross-docking mode is used to carry out managing and configuring in delivery process/link.
In described delivery process/link, also can Bian Direct Distribution mode.Described wireless network is WLAN.Also comprise deepfreeze system in described storage process/link, commute corruption or fresh food are preserved.
Each anabolic process/link of agri-food supply chains of the present invention should be reached following aspect and work in coordination with:
(1) market demand and marketing center is collaborative: set up the business cooperation mechanism between marketing center and client, by information interaction and the processing mode of solidification, instant inspection available resources, purchase behavior is confirmed within the shortest time, feedback order is promised to undertake, solution order promise amount is fed back not in time, inaccurate problem.After client submits to Bian to purchase order, the just in time inventory of each warehouse product item can be inquired about by marketing center by system platform, automatic decision order meets ability, thus firm sale behavior, strictly control the phenomenon out of stock that places an order.
(2) marketing center and warehouse is collaborative: the inventories in each warehouse are transparent in systems in which, and each organizational structure not only can find the current inventories in each warehouse by platform, also can according to the flow direction of production date track product.Marketing center formulates marketing plan according to product inventory, makes assessing accurately market sale.The alloting of warehouse kinds of goods, deposit the balance achieving kinds of goods between warehouse, too increase the dirigibility that management transferred by warehouse kinds of goods.
(3) marketing center and distributors is collaborative: distributors proposes order demand, and marketing center drives requisition slip to warehouse according to order demand, completes the tune goods behavior of warehouse to distributors.Distributors is direct deliver goods after can accepting domestic customer's order, and distributors stock and sale situation also can directly be seen system by marketing center.Distributors carries out stock control online by platform, thus instant feedback Inventory Performance is to marketing center, provides out single foundation.
(4) marketing center and third-party logistics is collaborative: system supports that light submits to third-party logistics instruction of providing and delivering to online, and the dispensing instruction that third-party logistics issues according to sales department is provided and delivered, and provides the information inquiry of delivery process.
(5) warehouse and factory is collaborative: the automatic replenishing that system is supported is reminded, and according to the setting of safety inventory, automatic generation replenishes and singly refuses and apply for.
In the present invention, deepfreeze system is implemented as: develop the circulation of cold fresh food and mainly set up food refrigerated supply chain, make perishable, fresh food from place of production purchase, processing, store, transport, sell until consumption, namely be all among low temperature environment from the edge of a field to dining table links, to ensure that the natural quality of food is without prejudice, reduce the loss of food, prevent food spoilage and pollution.
The structure of the fresh-keeping chain of refrigerating must carry out from following several respects:
(1) transport: transport ensures the successful key link of cold chain.This link is the intermediate link of cold fresh food production, supply and sales cold chain, is also the core of modernization cold chain belt line, must greatly develop and Bian refrigerated van type car.
(2) store: the storage of agricultural product adopts freezer form substantially, but the freezer of China concentrates on city mostly, and in the place of production of fresh ice confectionery---vast rural area or seashore are also rare, have had a strong impact on the development of Cold Chain Logistics.Memory function in Cold Chain Logistics, through the starting point of logistics and terminal, therefore, is necessary to develop efficient, convenient, cheap composite cold storage at the procurement of agricultural product website of the starting point of supply chain.
(3) in circulation and process link: will there be attemperating unit in job shop, process is not affected by outside climatic condition, keep internal temperature to stablize, processing of farm products is not gone bad because of temperature variation.
(4) refrigerator of retail: fresh-keeping is the first requirement of consumer to food, freshness and the degree of safety of retail trade maintenance food are the major measure ensureing food security.Because food is various in style, retailer needs to introduce advanced infotech and manages Food Shelf-life and insurance period, carry out operation at cabinet food by first in first out, provide warning function to the food close to the permitting sale time limit, Bian double insurance mode.
In delivery process/link, the present invention is configured in the following ways:
Current distribution strategy has direct transport, the modes such as cross-docking and milk deliver goods, the time in advance that these distribution strategy can effectively shortening, improve the Service Efficiency of once providing and delivering and the working expense reducing home-delivery center, and dispensing expense can be reduced to a certain extent.
Direct transport refers to that transport is without warehouse and home-delivery center, and the shelf-life due to food is shorter and easily rot, and therefore Bian effectively can reduce the deterioration rate of food in transit with this kind of strategy, is specially adapted to those and holds perishable food.Cross-docking refers to that commodity are constantly dispensed into warehouse from supplier through warehouse, but commodity do not enter warehouse or just the short time stores (being generally no more than 12 hours) and warehouse just as focal point, food enterprise adopt this kind of strategy to shorten storage time and reduce inventory cost and time in advance.Milk deliver goods is exactly the Bian mode being similar to milk workman deliver goods in morning, and the client on a circuit is is all provided and delivered, and the benefit done like this to effectively reduce empty wagons.This distribution strategy is particularly suitable for short run, the dispensing of the food that customer demand is intensive and time requirement is close, and domestic not rare food enterprise adopts this kind of strategy, and successfully reduces distribution cost.
Claims (3)
1. Food Logistics Supply Chain Model, comprises four submodules, agricultural product are produced, transport, storage and dispensing, it is characterized in that: described agricultural product production run/link provides starting material for agri-food supply chains; Described transit link refers to and the achievement of described agricultural product production run/link is transported to food processing unit; Described storage process/link refers to carries out warehouse storage to food products/semi-manufacture; Described delivery process/link refers to carries out described food products/semi-manufacture of providing and delivering between each required unit.
2. Food Logistics Supply Chain Model according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the whole process of described agricultural product production run/link Bian RFID to the production of these agricultural product exercises supervision.
3. Food Logistics Supply Chain Model according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described delivery process/link comprises the collaborative of itself and storage process/link: the inventories in each warehouse are transparent in systems in which, each organizational structure not only can find the current inventories in each warehouse by platform, also can according to the flow direction of production date track product.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310335802.3A CN104346710A (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2013-08-05 | Food-logistics supply-chain model |
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| CN201310335802.3A CN104346710A (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2013-08-05 | Food-logistics supply-chain model |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105117870A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-12-02 | 刘全义 | Method for storing, transporting and dispensing finished grain and edible oil products based on Internet |
| CN105761034A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-07-13 | 成都市泰牛科技股份有限公司 | System and method for commodity stock management |
| CN108090711A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-29 | 浙江科技学院 | A kind of Dynamic Configuration of Food Cold Chain transport resource |
| CN108090601A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-29 | 浙江科技学院 | Food Cold Chain transportation service network robust Optimal methods |
| CN108921474A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-30 | 芜湖市联网汇通电子科技有限公司 | A kind of agricultural product logistics information management system |
| CN113762580A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-12-07 | 北京京东振世信息技术有限公司 | Method and device for determining logistics park for commercial tenant |
-
2013
- 2013-08-05 CN CN201310335802.3A patent/CN104346710A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105117870A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-12-02 | 刘全义 | Method for storing, transporting and dispensing finished grain and edible oil products based on Internet |
| CN105761034A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-07-13 | 成都市泰牛科技股份有限公司 | System and method for commodity stock management |
| CN108090711A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-29 | 浙江科技学院 | A kind of Dynamic Configuration of Food Cold Chain transport resource |
| CN108090601A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-29 | 浙江科技学院 | Food Cold Chain transportation service network robust Optimal methods |
| CN108090711B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2021-06-29 | 浙江科技学院 | Dynamic allocation method for food cold chain transportation resources |
| CN108090601B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2021-06-29 | 浙江科技学院 | Robust optimization method for food cold chain transportation service network |
| CN108921474A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-30 | 芜湖市联网汇通电子科技有限公司 | A kind of agricultural product logistics information management system |
| CN113762580A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-12-07 | 北京京东振世信息技术有限公司 | Method and device for determining logistics park for commercial tenant |
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Application publication date: 20150211 |