CN104344400A - 一种典型的循环流化床锅炉 - Google Patents
一种典型的循环流化床锅炉 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104344400A CN104344400A CN201310341327.0A CN201310341327A CN104344400A CN 104344400 A CN104344400 A CN 104344400A CN 201310341327 A CN201310341327 A CN 201310341327A CN 104344400 A CN104344400 A CN 104344400A
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- hearth
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
- F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
- F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
- F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/24—Devices for removal of material from the bed
- F23C10/26—Devices for removal of material from the bed combined with devices for partial reintroduction of material into the bed, e.g. after separation of agglomerated parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
- F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
- F23C2206/101—Entrained or fast fluidised bed
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
一种典型的循环流化床锅炉,由排渣、一次风进风口、给煤口、炉膛、分离器、返料装置、过热器、省煤器及二次风进风口组成,其煤和脱硫剂送入炉膛后,迅速被大量惰性高温物料包围,着火燃烧,同时进行脱硫反应,并在上升烟气流的作用下向炉膛上部运动,对水冷壁和炉内布置的其他受热面放热,粗大粒子进入悬浮区域后在重力及外力作用下偏离主气流,从而贴壁下流,气固混合物离开炉膛后进入高温旋风分离器,大量固体颗粒(煤粒、脱硫剂)被分离出来回送炉膛,进行循环燃烧,未被分离出来的细粒子随烟气进入尾部烟道,以加热过热器、省煤器和空气预热器,经除尘器排至大气。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及一种机械装置,具体的讲涉及一种典型的循环流化床锅炉。
背景技术:
低温的动力控制燃烧:由于循环流化床燃烧温度水平比较低,一般在850-900℃之间,其燃烧反应控制在动力燃烧区内,并有大量固体颗粒的强烈混合,这种情况下的燃烧速度主要取决于化学反应速度,也就是决定于温度水平,而物理因素不再是控制燃烧速度的主导因素。循环流化床燃烧的燃烬度很高,其燃烧效率往往可达到98%-99%以上,高速度、高浓度、高通量的固体物料流态化循环过程:循环流化床锅炉内的物料参与了炉膛内部的内循环和由炉膛、分离器和返料装置所组成的外循环两种循环,整个燃烧过程以及脱硫过程都是在这两种循环运动过程中逐步完成的,高强度的热量、质量和动量传递过程:在循环流化床锅炉中可以人为改变炉内物料循环量,以适应不同的燃烧工况,物料分离系统是循环流化床锅炉的结构特征,大量物料参与循环实现整个炉膛内的控制燃烧过程,是循环流床锅炉区别于鼓泡流化床锅炉的根本特点,因为鼓泡流化床锅炉的燃烧主要发生在床内。所以循环流床锅炉燃烧必须具备的三个条件是:(1)要保证一定的流体速度,而且还要保证物料粒度处于适当的、使床层在快速流区域的粒度。(2)要有足够的物料分离。(3)要有物料回送,要有充分的措施以维持物料的平衡。
发明内容:
本发明的目的就是为了克服现有技术的缺陷而提供一种典型的循环流化床锅炉。
为了实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种典型的循环流化床锅炉,由排渣、一次风进风口、给煤口、炉膛、分离器、返料装置、过热器、省煤器及二次风进风口组成,其煤和脱硫剂送入炉膛后,迅速被大量惰性高温物料包围,着火燃烧,同时进行脱硫反应,并在上升烟气流的作用下向炉膛上部运动,对水冷壁和炉内布置的其他受热面放热,粗大粒子进入悬浮区域后在重力及外力作用下偏离主气流,从而贴壁下流,气固混合物离开炉膛后进入高温旋风分离器,大量固体颗粒(煤粒、脱硫剂)被分离出来回送炉膛,进行循环燃烧,未被分离出来的细粒子随烟气进入尾部烟道,以加热过热器、省煤器和空气预热器,经除尘器排至大气。
附图说明:
图1为本发明实施的结构示意图:
图中,1、排渣,2、一次风进风口,3、给煤口,4、炉膛,5、分离器,6、返料装置,7、过热器,8、省煤器,9、二次风进风口。
具体实施方式:
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
一种典型的循环流化床锅炉,由排渣1、一次风进风口2、给煤口3、炉膛4、分离器5、返料装置6、过热器7、省煤器8及二次风进风口9组成,煤和脱硫剂送入炉膛4后,迅速被大量惰性高温物料包围,着火燃烧,同时进行脱硫反应,并在上升烟气流的作用下向炉膛4上部运动,对水冷壁和炉内布置的其他受热面放热,粗大粒子进入悬浮区域后在重力及外力作用下偏离主气流,从而贴壁下流,气固混合物离开炉膛4后进入高温旋风分离器5,大量固体颗粒(煤粒、脱硫剂)被分离出来回送炉膛4,进行循环燃烧,未被分离出来的细粒子随烟气进入尾部烟道,以加热过热器、省煤器8和空气预热器,经除尘器排至大气。
Claims (1)
1.一种典型的循环流化床锅炉,由排渣1、一次风进风口2、给煤口3、炉膛4、分离器5、返料装置6、过热器7、省煤器8及二次风进风口9组成,其特征是:煤和脱硫剂送入炉膛4后,迅速被大量惰性高温物料包围,着火燃烧,同时进行脱硫反应,并在上升烟气流的作用下向炉膛4上部运动,对水冷壁和炉内布置的其他受热面放热,粗大粒子进入悬浮区域后在重力及外力作用下偏离主气流,从而贴壁下流,气固混合物离开炉膛4后进入高温旋风分离器5,大量固体颗粒(煤粒、脱硫剂)被分离出来回送炉膛4,进行循环燃烧,未被分离出来的细粒子随烟气进入尾部烟道,以加热过热器、省煤器8和空气预热器,经除尘器排至大气。
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108342222A (zh) * | 2017-01-24 | 2018-07-31 | 杨秋良 | 钒基煤气化催化剂在燃煤工业流化床或气流床上的应用方法 |
CN109059022A (zh) * | 2018-07-30 | 2018-12-21 | 孙雪峰 | 一种高钠煤锅炉燃烧器输送防结渣添加剂设备及试验方法 |
-
2013
- 2013-08-08 CN CN201310341327.0A patent/CN104344400A/zh active Pending
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108342222A (zh) * | 2017-01-24 | 2018-07-31 | 杨秋良 | 钒基煤气化催化剂在燃煤工业流化床或气流床上的应用方法 |
CN109059022A (zh) * | 2018-07-30 | 2018-12-21 | 孙雪峰 | 一种高钠煤锅炉燃烧器输送防结渣添加剂设备及试验方法 |
CN109059022B (zh) * | 2018-07-30 | 2024-06-07 | 孙雪峰 | 一种高钠煤锅炉燃烧器输送防结渣添加剂设备及试验方法 |
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