CN104341713B - Composite friction material and preparation method thereof of filler is done with the lorry brake shoe friction material that gives up - Google Patents
Composite friction material and preparation method thereof of filler is done with the lorry brake shoe friction material that gives up Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of the composite friction material of filler is done with the lorry brake shoe friction material that gives up, it is related to friction material and vehicle brake shoe technical field, including resin matrix, reinforcing fiber, filler and the part of auxiliary agent four, resin matrix is phenolic resin, the filler is the useless brake shoe friction material of lorry, and the auxiliary agent includes iron powder, accelerator, molybdenum disulfide, stearic acid and graphite；The preparation method step of the composite friction material is：Stock, stirring, compression molding, curing process.By the use of lorry give up brake shoe friction material be used as filler, and with the optimum choice and proportioning of phenolic resin, reinforcing fiber and other auxiliary agents, and optimize the various parameters of its moulding process, the characteristics of composite friction material stable friction factor, the heat fading that reach preparation are small, heat is restorative good, wear rate is low, bearing capacity is strong, it can be applied to make a variety of friction means, and it has excellent friction and wear behavior and good bending strength and impact flexibility, has reached good using effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to friction material and vehicle brake shoe technical field.
Background technology
Vehicle brake shoe（Brake block）Basic structure is made up of steel back and macromolecular composite friction material.With iron service wagon
700000 calculating（The shoe brake watt of each car 8）, about 4,000,000 pieces of the discarded brake shoe quantity changed every year, weight is up to 5000 tons, wherein steel
About 2500 tons of back of the body recovery.In view of the brake lining of the utilizations such as road traffic vehicle, agri-vehicle, industrial and mineral machinery, it is huge to discard object amount.
Discarded vehicle brake shoe（Piece）As industrial solid rubbish, presently mainly buried backfill, high polymer drop therein
The solution time is very long, and metal therein, inorganic rare earth filler etc., very big change is caused to soil in addition, while is taken larger
Land resource, particularly automobile using brake lining contain substantial amounts of heavy metal antimony, it is considered to be potential carcinogenic substance, people's suction can destroy the heart
Dirty and liver function is simultaneously poisoned to death, and harm of the antimony to environment is also very big, especially can cause long-term harmful effect to water body environment.
The complicated components of Polymer Friction Materials, mainly including resin matrix, reinforcing fiber, filler etc. up to more than ten to kind more than 20,
It is related to polymer（Resin, rubber etc.）, metal（Reinforcing fiber, metal powder filler etc.）, inorganic rare earth filler（Wear resistant filler
Deng）.It is well known that with the exploitation to mountain stone, river sand, rare earth material etc., excavating, natural rare earth aggregate resources consumption is rapid,
It will tend to be exhausted, discarded friction material is both the waste of resource, while not degradable high polymer also causes to environment
High risks.
At present for the recovery and utilization technology of high polymer composite friction material, mainly there are physiochemical mutagens, chemical recovery, heat energy
The methods of recovery, electromagnetism separation.Physiochemical mutagens, also known as secondary recovery, mechanical crushing, grinding granulation are carried out to waste material, as one
Kind substitutes filler, recycles；Chemical recovery is mainly the Pintsch process to the resin matrix of composite, becomes small molecule
Hydrocarbon gas, liquid or coke, technical sophistication, mainly for the recovery of almost pure resin discarded object；Energy recovery
Mainly burning or turning sludge into fuel technology, entering pedestrian can reclaim, main face thermoplastic resin, and the discarded object that content is high；Electricity
Magneto separate is with high content of technology mainly using magnetic fields matrix separation and enhancing body technique, has typically applied to higher reclamation
The fiber or resin of value.
At present, it is fairly simple to concentrate on component for the research of many documents both at home and abroad（2 kinds of components）Polymer matrix composite wood
In the recycling of material, such as fiber（Fiber C, steel fibre etc.）With the research of polymeric matrix isolation technics, the fibre isolated
Dimension reapply and its performance change etc..External more early to useless regeneration utilization, the work of development is concentrated mainly on building
Material and rubber field, such as：The concrete of waste synthetic fiber cord filling, its tensile strength, impact strength and tear-proof
Intensity increases, and technique is simple, cost is not high, when being used as tar felt, runway pavement, not only reduces cost,
And tearing toughness and being folded without breaking intensity can be improved.
Because lorry brake shoe is in use by high-temperature brake repeatedly, phenolic resin experience solidification in its component and
Carbonization, the oxidation etc. of ageing of rubber, iron powder and steel fibre, the high molecular polymer that can make to contain in original formulation fails.With
The height for meeting " People's Republic of China (PRC) railroad industry standard TB/T 2403-2010 rail freight with composite brake shoe " standard rubs
Exemplified by brake shoe, inorganic mineral aluminium vanadine, barium sulfate in the friction material of recovery（Barite）, feldspar in powder（K2O·Al2O3·
6SiO2）, sepiolite（Mg8(H2O)4[Si6O16]2(OH)4·8H2O）, iron powder, the component such as steel fibre be still effectively present.It is if simple
As fixed-end forces, not only environment is impacted, and it is also huge to waste.
Because steel back separates difficulty with composite friction material, and its complicated components and cost recovery are high, and there is presently no enterprise
Industry carries out recycling to friction material, and domestic and international correlative study is also less.This project according to difficult principle after first letter, for
The discarded friction material of heterogeneity carries out physiochemical mutagens, is recycled as filler is substituted, or mechanical grading separation, electromagnetism point
Recycled from wherein precious metal, reach resource reutilization, while reach discarded friction material harmless environmental protection processing.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide that a kind of stable friction factor, wear rate are low, bearing capacity is strong, can
It is low and environmentally friendly done the compound of filler with the lorry brake shoe friction material that gives up and rubbed to improve waste and old brake shoe recycling rate, cost
Wipe material and preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of to do the composite friction material of filler with the lorry brake shoe friction material that gives up, its component includes resin matrix, strengthened
Fiber, filler and the part of auxiliary agent four, the resin matrix are phenolic resin, and the filler is the useless brake shoe friction material of lorry, described
Auxiliary agent includes iron powder, accelerator, molybdenum disulfide, stearic acid and graphite, the parts by weight of each component in the composite friction material
Proportioning is as follows：
Matrix bonding agent：5~20 parts of phenolic resin；
Reinforcing fiber：3~10 parts；
The useless brake shoe friction material of lorry：65~80 parts；
Auxiliary agent：5~10 parts of iron powder, 0.5~1 part of accelerator, 1~5 part of molybdenum disulfide, 0.5~3 part of stearic acid, graphite 0~
10 parts；
The lorry gives up brake shoe friction material to meet " People's Republic of China (PRC) railroad industry standard TB/T 2403-2010's
The reclaimed materials of the high abrasion brake block friction material of rail freight composite brake shoe " standard.
Preferably, the reinforcing fiber is steel fibre.
Preferably, the phenolic resin is cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin and/or modified rubber phenolic resin.
The present invention also provide it is above-mentioned with lorry give up brake shoe friction material do filler composite friction material preparation method, including
Following steps：
（1）, stock：By each raw material prepare in proportion at a temperature of 80~100 DEG C dry 1~2 hour it is standby；
Mixing, stirring：Steel fibre, the useless brake shoe friction material of lorry and auxiliary agent are put into mixer with 10000 revs/min first
Speed be stirred 1~10min, add phenolic resin as matrix resin bonding agent and mixed again with 120 revs/min of speed stirring at low speed
Material 0.5~2 hour；
（2）Compression molding：
1）The compound being stirred is injected in mould and the hot pressing at a temperature of 120~200 DEG C, pressure are 15~30
MPa, dwell time determine 1~5 min/mm by sample thickness；
2）Compound breathing a mould 1 time after hot pressing 30 seconds in mould, then every breathing a mould in 1 minute 1 time, totally 2~4
It is secondary；
3）When mould is cooled to below 60 DEG C, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature；
（3）Curing process：Using ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 60 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 80 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 100
DEG C insulation 30 min, 120~140 DEG C insulation 10~20 h, you can complete the preparation of composite friction material.
It is using beneficial effect caused by above-mentioned technical proposal：The present invention by utilizing the useless lock of lorry to greatest extent
The optimum choice and proportioning of watt friction material and new addition phenolic resin resin matrix, reinforcing fiber and auxiliary agent, and set by optimization
The various parameters of its moulding process are counted, the composite friction material stable friction factor of preparation, wear rate are low, carry energy so as to reach
The characteristics of power is strong, it can be applied to make a variety of friction means, and the composite friction material has stable friction factor, heat fading
The restorative good, advantage such as wear rate is low of small, heat, and it has excellent friction and wear behavior and good bending strength and punching
Toughness is hit, has reached good using effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be in the present invention with lorry give up brake shoe friction material do filler composite friction material preparation method flow illustrate
Figure.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.It is " Chinese to meet below
Add exemplified by the high abrasion brake block of people's republic railroad industry standard TB/T 2403-2010 rail freight composite brake shoe " standard
With explanation.
It is a kind of to do the composite friction material of filler, including resin matrix, reinforcing fiber, filler with the lorry brake shoe friction material that gives up
With the part of auxiliary agent four, the resin matrix is phenolic resin, and the filler is the useless brake shoe friction material of lorry, and the auxiliary agent includes iron
Powder, accelerator, molybdenum disulfide, stearic acid and graphite, the parts by weight of each component are as follows in the composite friction material：
Matrix bonding agent：5~20 parts of phenolic resin；
Reinforcing fiber：3~10 parts；
The useless brake shoe friction material of lorry：65~80 parts；
Auxiliary agent：5~10 parts of iron powder, 0.5~1 part of accelerator, 1~5 part of molybdenum disulfide, 0.5~3 part of stearic acid, graphite 0~
10 parts.
Preferably, the reinforcing fiber is steel fibre.
Preferably, the phenolic resin is cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin and/or modified rubber phenolic resin.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned composite friction material, as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps：
（1）, mixing：Ready each raw material is prepared into stirring in proportion, adds the stirring of phenolic resin as matrix resin bonding agent；
（2）, compression molding；
(3）, curing process.
Preferably, comprising the following steps that for above-mentioned composite friction material is prepared according to each raw material in proportion：
（1）Stock：By each raw material at a temperature of 80~100 DEG C dry 1~2 hour it is standby；
Stirring：Steel fibre, the useless brake shoe friction material of lorry and auxiliary agent are put into mixer with 10000 revs/min of speed first
Degree is stirred 1~10min, adds phenolic resin as matrix resin bonding agent again with 120 revs/min of speed stirring at low speed compound
0.5~2 hour；
（2）Compression molding：
1）The compound being stirred is injected in mould and the hot pressing at a temperature of 120~200 DEG C, pressure are 15~30
MPa, dwell time determine 1~5 min/mm by sample thickness；
2）Compound breathing a mould 1 time after hot pressing 30 seconds in mould, then every breathing a mould in 1 minute 1 time, totally 2~4
It is secondary；
3）When mould is cooled to below 60 DEG C, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature；
（3）Curing process：Using ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 60 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 80 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 100
DEG C insulation 30 min, 120~140 DEG C insulation 10~20 h, you can complete the preparation of composite friction material.
The principle of the invention：The composition design and preparation technology of this composite friction material are the keys for determining Properties of Friction Materials
Factor, the present invention from lorry give up brake shoe friction material active principle analysis start with, because brake-shoe for train passes through in use
High-temperature brake repeatedly, the oxidation of the solidification of phenolic resin experience and carbonization, ageing of rubber, iron powder and steel fibre in its component etc.,
The high molecular polymer that can make to contain in original formulation fails.But inorganic mineral aluminium vanadine, barium sulfate in recovery friction material
（Barite）, feldspar in powder（K2O·Al2O3·6SiO2）, sepiolite（Mg8(H2O)4[Si6O16]2(OH)4·8H2O）, iron
The components such as powder, steel fibre are still effectively present.Therefore, the present invention in the reclaimed materials of brake shoe friction material by adding certain content
New component, and adjust moulding process, with reference to fretting wear and measuring mechanical property and Analysis on Mechanism, develop it is a kind of have it is good
The useless brake shoe friction material of the lorry of friction and wear behavior recycles the composite friction material for doing filler.
Resin matrix plays binding agent in friction material, and the wearability of resin matrix decides the resistance to of whole system
Mill situation.The present invention is resin matrix from cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin and/or modified rubber phenolic resin, can improve material
The pliability of material.If its content is too low, it is impossible to forms a complete matrix, can not ensure the combination between component；Contain
Amount is too many, is suppressing and can release gas in solidification process, is causing to foam, expands, problems of crack.
Reinforcing fiber plays enhancing skeleton function in the present invention, decides the intensity index of material.The present invention selects steel fibre
For reinforcing fiber.Steel fibre intensity and thermal conductivity are high, improve the overall thermal conductivity of friction material, make not formed on frictional interface
Too high thermograde；Steel fibre is pollution-free, can natural degradation.Reinforcing fiber mix after in friction material knot be made into it is netted,
If fiber content is very few, humidification is not had；When metal fiber content is excessive, friction material density, hardness and thermal conductivity etc.
Increase, impact flexibility reduce, the damage increase to antithesis disk.
The main effect of filler is to adjust the friction and wear behavior of material, obtains required coefficient of friction and abrasion
Rate.Brake shoe friction material is given up as filler by the use of lorry, and blanc fixe therein can make stable friction factor as grinding agent is increased, and wear away
Small, especially at high temperature, it can form stable frictional interface layer, can prevent antithesis disk material galled spots, make antithesis surface
That grinds is brighter and cleaner；Bauxite refers to the mixture for including gibbsite, diaspore, boehmite and other mineral.
What friction material industry was commonly used is more than 60% for alumine, its alumina content.Bauxite primarily serves in friction material
Normal temperature increases to rub increases the effect of rubbing with high temperature, and the mainly diaspore for increasing the effect that rubs is played in various mineral contained by bauxite,
Its Mohs' hardness is 6~7, and shear strength is very high, therefore can improve friction factor.Often using through calcining in friction material industry
Bauxite, gray, increasing, which rubs, to have better effect, but need to control dosage and fineness, in case abrasion is excessive and damages antithesis surface.
In friction material, sepiolite has high specific surface area and porosity, when the sepiolite is contacted with resin, filler
Good interfacial effect can be produced, in mixing process, can absorbent binder agent and filler well, show as good leaching
Lubricant nature, and can be mixed with uniform filling.Sepiolite has pore structure, has " molecular sieve " effect, when high polymer cemented dose
When being thermally decomposed, caused micro-molecular gas and liquids temporarily can gather in duct, gather without stagnant in friction surface, are advantageous to subtract
The degree of few heat fading.The huge inner and outer surfaces product of sepiolite, makes its water imbibition strong, the easy moisture absorption, should be noted in process of production
The drying of sepiolite raw material is kept, avoids the occurrence of compacting foaming phenomena.
Feldspar in powder is alkali metal potassium or the aluminium silicate mineral of its alkaline-earth metal.Feldspar powder is cheap, belongs to hard
Filler, it is that the increasing commonly used in friction material rubs material, hardness is high, and increasing rubs significant effect, but its dosage is excessive or when particle diameter is excessive,
Friction factor may be up to 0.6 or so, brake oil increase.
Iron powder plays the increasing effect of rubbing in friction material in auxiliary agent；Accelerator promotes the sulfurization of rubber, shortens vulcanization
Time, curing temperature is reduced, reduce vulcanizing agent dosage, and the physical and mechanical properties of rubber can be improved；Stearic acid is natural gum, closed
The wide variety of vulcanizing activator into rubber and latex, it is also possible to make plasticizer and softening agent；Graphite and molybdenum disulfide are works
Wide variety of antifriction material in industry, wherein crystalline flake graphite good crystallinity, it is most popular a kind of antifriction in friction material
Material.
Analysis of Wearing Mechanism shows：Rubbed agent barite (BaSO in increasing4), anti-friction agent graphite and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), steel it is fine
Under the collective effect of peacekeeping gray cast iron antithesis disk etc., by machinery-heat-chemical action of complexity, formd in friction surface
The sulfide of barium and iron.Uniform, fine and close, continuous and stabilization the skin covering of the surface formed on surface is advantageous to stablize coefficient of friction, subtracts
Small abrasion.
Embodiment 1：
1）The parts by weight of each component are chosen by table 1.
2）Each raw material is dried 1 hour at a temperature of 80 DEG C, first steel fibre, lorry given up lorry brake shoe friction material and various
Auxiliary agent is put into mixer and is stirred 1min with 10000 revs/min of speed, adds phenolic resin as matrix resin again with 120 revs/min
Speed stirring at low speed batch mixing 0.5 hour；
3）In 160 DEG C of hot pressing, pressure 20 MPa, sample thickness 7mm, the min of dwell time 35, the row of die sinking after hot pressing 30 seconds
Gas 1 time, then every breathing a mould in 1 minute 1 time, totally 3 times.When being cooled to mould below 60 DEG C, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature；
4）Curing process：Using ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 60 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 80 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 100
DEG C insulation 0.5h, 140 DEG C insulation 12h.
5）The friction and wear behavior experiment of sample is prepared with reference to GB5763-98 standards, in D-MS constant speed formula frictional testing machines
Upper progress.Sample takes two from same product, and size is 25mm × 25mm × 5~7mm, and antithesis disk is gray cast iron HT250.Just
Pressure is 0.98MPa.Frictional disk invariablenes turning speed is in 400~500 r/min.Respectively at 100 DEG C, 200 DEG C and 300 DEG C, measure
The thickness of frictional force and test piece between the refunding of disc rotary 5000.Result of the test is referring to table 2.Material rubs at 100~300 DEG C
Coefficient stabilization is 0.35~0.45, with preferably hot restorative.The wear rate of material is 0.63 × 10 at 300 DEG C-7 cm3
(N·m)-1.Density 2.2g/cm3, 90~100HRR of hardness, bending strength 25Mpa.
Embodiment 2：
1）The parts by weight of each component are chosen by table 3.
2）Each raw material is dried 2 hours at a temperature of 80 DEG C, first by steel fibre, the useless lorry brake shoe friction material of lorry and various auxiliary agents
It is put into mixer and 5min is stirred with 10000 revs/min of speed, adds phenolic resin as matrix resin again with 120 revs/min of speed
Spend stirring at low speed batch mixing 1 hour；
3）In 150 DEG C of hot pressing, pressure 20 MPa, sample thickness 10mm, the min of dwell time 50, the row of die sinking after hot pressing 30 seconds
Gas 1 time, then every breathing a mould in 1 minute 1 time, totally 3 times.When being cooled to mould below 60 DEG C, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature；
4）Curing process：Using ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 60 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 80 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 100
DEG C insulation 0.5h, 120 DEG C insulation 12h.
5）The friction and wear behavior experiment of sample is prepared with reference to GB5763-98 standards, in D-MS constant speed formula frictional testing machines
Upper progress.Sample takes two from same product, and size is 25mm × 25mm × 5~9mm, and antithesis disk is gray cast iron HT250.Just
Pressure is 0.98MPa.Frictional disk invariablenes turning speed is in 400~500 r/min.Respectively at 100 DEG C, 200 DEG C and 300 DEG C, measure
The thickness of frictional force and test piece between the refunding of disc rotary 5000.Result of the test is referring to table 4.Material rubs at 100~300 DEG C
Coefficient stabilization is 0.30~0.45, with preferably hot restorative.The wear rate of material is 0.75 × 10 at 300 DEG C-7 cm3
(N·m)-1.Density 2.1g/cm3, 90~100HRR of hardness, bending strength 20Mpa.
Embodiment 3：
1）The parts by weight of each component are chosen by table 5.
2）Each raw material is dried 1 hour at a temperature of 100 DEG C, first steel fibre, lorry given up lorry brake shoe friction material and each
Kind of auxiliary agent is put into mixer and is stirred 1min with 10000 revs/min of speed, add phenolic resin as matrix resin again with 120 turns/
The speed stirring at low speed batch mixing divided 0.5 hour；
3）In 160 DEG C of hot pressing, pressure 20 MPa, sample thickness 8mm, dwell time 40min, breathing a mould after hot pressing 30 seconds
1 time, then every breathing a mould in 1 minute 1 time, totally 3 times.When being cooled to mould below 60 DEG C, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature；
4）Curing process：Using ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 60 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 80 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 100
DEG C insulation 0.5h, 120 DEG C insulation 12 h.
5）The friction and wear behavior experiment of sample is prepared with reference to GB5763-98 standards, in D-MS constant speed formula frictional testing machines
Upper progress.Sample takes two from same product, and size is 25mm × 25mm × 5~7mm, and antithesis disk is gray cast iron HT250.Just
Pressure is 0.98MPa.Frictional disk invariablenes turning speed is in 400~500 r/min.Respectively at 100 DEG C, 200 DEG C and 300 DEG C, measure
The thickness of frictional force and test piece between the refunding of disc rotary 5000.Result of the test is referring to table 6.Material rubs at 100~300 DEG C
Coefficient stabilization is 0.31~0.52, with preferably hot restorative.The wear rate of material is 0.46 × 10 at 300 DEG C-7 cm3
(N·m)-1.Density 2.2g/cm3, 90~100HRR of hardness, bending strength 23Mpa.
Embodiment 4：
1）The parts by weight of each component are chosen by table 7.
2）Each raw material is dried 2 hours at a temperature of 100 DEG C, first steel fibre, lorry given up lorry brake shoe friction material and each
Kind auxiliary agent is put into mixer is stirred 10min with 10000 revs/min of speed, adds phenolic resin as matrix resin again with 120
Rev/min speed stirring at low speed batch mixing 2 hours；
3）In 200 DEG C of hot pressing, pressure 15 MPa, sample thickness 7mm, dwell time 15min, breathing a mould after hot pressing 30 seconds
1 time, then every breathing a mould in 1 minute 1 time, totally 3 times.When being cooled to mould below 60 DEG C, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature；
4）Curing process：Using ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 60 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 80 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 100
DEG C insulation 0.5h, 140 DEG C insulation 15 h.
5）The friction and wear behavior experiment of sample is prepared with reference to GB5763-98 standards, in D-MS constant speed formula frictional testing machines
Upper progress.Sample takes two from same product, and size is 25mm × 25mm × 5~7mm, and antithesis disk is gray cast iron HT250.Just
Pressure is 0.98MPa.Frictional disk invariablenes turning speed is in 400~500 r/min.Respectively at 100 DEG C, 200 DEG C and 300 DEG C, measure
The thickness of frictional force and test piece between the refunding of disc rotary 5000.Result of the test is referring to table 8.Material rubs at 100~300 DEG C
Coefficient stabilization is 0.36~0.49, with preferably hot restorative.The wear rate of material is 0.45 × 10 at 300 DEG C-7 cm3
(N·m)-1.Density 2.4g/cm3, hardness 95 HRR, bending strength 26Mpa.
Embodiment 5：
1）The parts by weight of each component are chosen by table 9.
2）Each raw material is dried 1 hour at a temperature of 100 DEG C, first steel fibre, lorry given up lorry brake shoe friction material and each
Kind of auxiliary agent is put into mixer and is stirred 3min with 10000 revs/min of speed, add phenolic resin as matrix resin again with 120 turns/
The speed stirring at low speed batch mixing divided 0.5 hour；
3）In 120 DEG C of hot pressing, pressure 30 MPa, sample thickness 10mm, dwell time 20min, the row of die sinking after hot pressing 30 seconds
Gas 1 time, then every breathing a mould in 1 minute 1 time, totally 3 times.When being cooled to mould below 60 DEG C, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature；
4）Curing process：Using ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 60 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 80 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 100
DEG C insulation 0.5h, 120 DEG C insulation 20 h.
5）The friction and wear behavior experiment of sample is prepared with reference to GB5763-98 standards, in D-MS constant speed formula frictional testing machines
Upper progress.Sample takes two from same product, and size is 25mm × 25mm × 5~7mm, and antithesis disk is gray cast iron HT250.Just
Pressure is 0.98MPa.Frictional disk invariablenes turning speed is in 400~500 r/min.Respectively at 100 DEG C, 200 DEG C and 300 DEG C, measure
The thickness of frictional force and test piece between the refunding of disc rotary 5000.Result of the test is referring to table 10.Material rubs at 100~300 DEG C
Coefficient stabilization is wiped 0.31~0.56, with preferably hot restorative.The wear rate of material is 0.56 × 10 at 300 DEG C-7
cm3(N·m)-1.Density 2.4g/cm3, hardness 91HRR, bending strength 28Mpa.
Embodiment 6：
1）The parts by weight of each component are chosen by table 11.
2）Each raw material is dried 1.5 hours at a temperature of 90 DEG C, first steel fibre, lorry given up lorry brake shoe friction material and each
Kind of auxiliary agent is put into mixer and is stirred 5min with 10000 revs/min of speed, add phenolic resin as matrix resin again with 120 turns/
The speed stirring at low speed batch mixing divided 1.5 hours；
3）In 180 DEG C of hot pressing, pressure 15 MPa, sample thickness 10mm, dwell time 15min, the row of die sinking after hot pressing 30 seconds
Gas 1 time, then every breathing a mould in 1 minute 1 time, totally 4 times.When being cooled to mould below 60 DEG C, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature；
4）Curing process：Using ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 60 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 80 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 100
DEG C insulation 0.5h, 140 DEG C insulation 15 h.
5）The friction and wear behavior experiment of sample is prepared with reference to GB5763-98 standards, in D-MS constant speed formula frictional testing machines
Upper progress.Sample takes two from same product, and size is 25mm × 25mm × 5~8mm, and antithesis disk is gray cast iron HT250.Just
Pressure is 0.98MPa.Frictional disk invariablenes turning speed is in 400~500 r/min.Respectively at 100 DEG C, 200 DEG C and 300 DEG C, measure
The thickness of frictional force and test piece between the refunding of disc rotary 5000.Result of the test is referring to table 12.Material rubs at 100~300 DEG C
Coefficient stabilization is wiped 0.31~0.52, with preferably hot restorative.The wear rate of material is 0.52 × 10 at 300 DEG C-7
cm3(N·m)-1.Density 2.3g/cm3, hardness 90 HRR, bending strength 25Mpa.
Embodiment 7：
1）The parts by weight of each component are chosen by table 13.
2）Each raw material is dried 1.5 hours at a temperature of 100 DEG C, first by steel fibre, lorry give up lorry brake shoe friction material and
Various auxiliary agents are put into mixer and are stirred 3min with 10000 revs/min of speed, add phenolic resin as matrix resin again with 120
Rev/min speed stirring at low speed batch mixing 1.0 hours；
3）In 160 DEG C of hot pressing, pressure 20 MPa, sample thickness 10mm, dwell time 30min, the row of die sinking after hot pressing 30 seconds
Gas 1 time, then every breathing a mould in 1 minute 1 time, totally 4 times.When being cooled to mould below 60 DEG C, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature；
4）Curing process：Using ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 60 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 80 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 100
DEG C insulation 0.5h, 140 DEG C insulation 15 h.
5）The friction and wear behavior experiment of sample is prepared with reference to GB5763-98 standards, in D-MS constant speed formula frictional testing machines
Upper progress.Sample takes two from same product, and size is 25mm × 25mm × 5~8mm, and antithesis disk is gray cast iron HT250.Just
Pressure is 0.98MPa.Frictional disk invariablenes turning speed is in 400~500 r/min.Respectively at 100 DEG C, 200 DEG C and 300 DEG C, measure
The thickness of frictional force and test piece between the refunding of disc rotary 5000.Result of the test is referring to table 14.Material rubs at 100~300 DEG C
Coefficient stabilization is wiped 0.25~0.41, with preferably hot restorative.The wear rate of material is 0.62 × 10-7 at 300 DEG C
cm3(N·m)-1.Density 2.3g/cm3, hardness 90 HRR, bending strength 25Mpa.
Embodiment 8：
1）The parts by weight of each component are chosen by table 15.
2）Each raw material is dried 1 hour at a temperature of 90 DEG C, first steel fibre, lorry given up lorry brake shoe friction material and various
Auxiliary agent is put into mixer and is stirred 5min with 10000 revs/min of speed, adds phenolic resin as matrix resin again with 120 revs/min
Speed stirring at low speed batch mixing 1.5 hours；
3）In 180 DEG C of hot pressing, pressure 15 MPa, sample thickness 10mm, dwell time 15min, the row of die sinking after hot pressing 30 seconds
Gas 1 time, then every breathing a mould in 1 minute 1 time, totally 3 times.When being cooled to mould below 60 DEG C, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature；
4）Curing process：Using ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 60 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 80 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 100
DEG C insulation 0.5h, 140 DEG C insulation 15 h.
5）The friction and wear behavior experiment of sample is prepared with reference to GB5763-98 standards, in D-MS constant speed formula frictional testing machines
Upper progress.Sample takes two from same product, and size is 25mm × 25mm × 5~8mm, and antithesis disk is gray cast iron HT250.Just
Pressure is 0.98MPa.Frictional disk invariablenes turning speed is in 400~500 r/min.Respectively at 100 DEG C, 200 DEG C and 300 DEG C, measure
The thickness of frictional force and test piece between the refunding of disc rotary 5000.Result of the test is referring to table 16.Material rubs at 100~300 DEG C
Coefficient stabilization is wiped 0.28~0.39, with preferably hot restorative.The wear rate of material is 0.28 × 10-7 at 300 DEG C
cm3(N·m)-1.Density 2.3g/cm3, hardness 85 HRR, bending strength 25Mpa.
Embodiment 9：
1）The parts by weight of each component are chosen by table 17.
2）Each raw material is dried 1.5 hours at a temperature of 90 DEG C, first steel fibre, lorry given up lorry brake shoe friction material and each
Kind of auxiliary agent is put into mixer and is stirred 5min with 10000 revs/min of speed, add phenolic resin as matrix resin again with 120 turns/
The speed stirring at low speed batch mixing divided 1.5 hours；
3）In 180 DEG C of hot pressing, pressure 15 MPa, sample thickness 10mm, dwell time 10min, the row of die sinking after hot pressing 30 seconds
Gas 1 time, then every breathing a mould in 1 minute 1 time, totally 2 times.When being cooled to mould below 60 DEG C, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature；
4）Curing process：Using ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 60 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 80 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 100
DEG C insulation 0.5h, 140 DEG C insulation 15 h.
5）The friction and wear behavior experiment of sample is prepared with reference to GB5763-98 standards, in D-MS constant speed formula frictional testing machines
Upper progress.Sample takes two from same product, and size is 25mm × 25mm × 5~8mm, and antithesis disk is gray cast iron HT250.Just
Pressure is 0.98MPa.Frictional disk invariablenes turning speed is in 400~500 r/min.Respectively at 100 DEG C, 200 DEG C and 300 DEG C, measure
The thickness of frictional force and test piece between the refunding of disc rotary 5000.Result of the test is referring to table 18.Material rubs at 100~300 DEG C
Coefficient stabilization is wiped 0.31~0.52, with preferably hot restorative.The wear rate of material is 0.52 × 10-7 at 300 DEG C
cm3(N·m)-1.Density 2.3g/cm3, hardness 90 HRR, bending strength 25Mpa.
The present invention by utilizing the useless brake shoe friction material of lorry to add phenolic resin resin matrix, enhancing with new to greatest extent
The optimum choice and proportioning of fiber and auxiliary agent, and by the various parameters of its moulding process of optimization design, so as to prepare friction
The composite friction material that coefficient stabilization, wear rate are low, bearing capacity is strong, it can be applied to make a variety of friction means, and this is compound
Friction material has that stable friction factor, heat fading are small, the restorative good, advantage such as wear rate is low of heat, and its have it is excellent
Friction and wear behavior and good bending strength and impact flexibility, have reached good using effect.
In summary, the present invention is to carry out recycling to discarded brake shoe friction material, by adding new component, choosing
With heat-resisting and high toughness cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin and/or modified rubber phenolic resin as matrix resin, coordinate enhancing steel fibre
With the collective effect of various auxiliary agents, a kind of composite friction material with good friction polishing machine is prepared, frictional resistance material can be used as
Material is applied in all kinds of brakes and arrangement of clutch.
The present invention carries out technical research to the cycling and reutilization of composite friction material, proposes economic, simple and feasible profit again
With scheme, the wasting of resources is reduced, reaches the environmental protection of no solid waste.Calculated with rail vehicles with discarded brake shoe, year recovery
5000 tons of solid waste, wherein 2500 tons of steel scrap, 2000 yuan/ton, 5,000,000 yuan of the output value can be achieved；Composite is as filling
Material, by 1500 yuan/ton, 3,750,000 yuan of the output value can be achieved, add up to 8,750,000 yuan of the output value.If the composite of recovery is by being granulated skill
Art is processed, and produces high-performance compound friction product, high-strength damping sleeper in circulation, the output value is estimated can to cross hundred million yuan.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of do the composite friction material of filler with the lorry brake shoe friction material that gives up, it is characterised in that：Its component includes resin
Matrix, reinforcing fiber, filler and the part of auxiliary agent four, the resin matrix are phenolic resin, and the filler is that the useless brake shoe of lorry rubs
Material is wiped, the auxiliary agent includes iron powder, accelerator, molybdenum disulfide, stearic acid and graphite, each component in the composite friction material
Parts by weight proportioning is as follows：
Matrix bonding agent：5~20 parts of phenolic resin；
Reinforcing fiber：3~10 parts；
The useless brake shoe friction material of lorry：65~80 parts；
Auxiliary agent：5~10 parts of iron powder, 0.5~1 part of accelerator, 1~5 part of molybdenum disulfide, 0.5~3 part of stearic acid, graphite 0~10
Part；
The lorry gives up brake shoe friction material to meet " People's Republic of China (PRC) railroad industry standard TB/T 2403-2010 railway
The reclaimed materials of the high abrasion brake block friction material of lorry composite brake shoe " standard；
The reinforcing fiber is steel fibre；The phenolic resin is cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin and modified rubber phenolic aldehyde tree
Fat, or the phenolic resin are modified rubber phenolic resin.
2. it is according to claim 1 with lorry give up brake shoe friction material do filler composite friction material preparation method, tool
Body step is as follows：
（1）Stock：By each raw material prepare in proportion at a temperature of 80~100 DEG C dry 1~2 hour it is standby；
Mixing, stirring：Steel fibre, the useless brake shoe friction material of lorry and auxiliary agent are put into mixer with 10000 revs/min of speed first
Degree is stirred 1~10min, adds phenolic resin as matrix resin bonding agent again with 120 revs/min of speed stirring at low speed compound
0.5~2 hour；
（2）Compression molding：
1）The compound being stirred is injected in mould and the hot pressing at a temperature of 120~200 DEG C, pressure are 15~30 MPa, is protected
The pressure time determines 1~5 min/mm by sample thickness；
2）Compound breathing a mould 1 time after hot pressing 30 seconds in mould, then every breathing a mould in 1 minute 1 time, totally 2~4 times；
3）When mould is cooled to below 60 DEG C, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature；
（3）Curing process：Using ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 60 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 80 DEG C of insulation 30 min, 100 DEG C
It is incubated 30 min, 120~140 DEG C of 10~20 h of insulation, you can complete the preparation of composite friction material.
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| CN105295839B (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2018-04-13 | 陕西科技大学 | It is a kind of using ceramic polished waste material as resin-matrix friction material of filler and preparation method thereof |
| CN111995839B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2022-05-24 | 西安铁路信号有限责任公司 | Synthetic friction belt for point switch and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113502030A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-10-15 | 浙江杭摩欧亿汽车零部件有限公司 | Friction material for automobile disc-drum parking brake shoe and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103410893B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2016-08-31 | 广西民族大学 | A kind of composition brake shoe for urban rail vehicle and manufacture method thereof |
| CN104099063B (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2017-11-03 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of mine hoist Hard Magnetic brake shoe material prescription and preparation method thereof |
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