CN104334697A - Engine lubricant for vehicles having a hybrid or micro-hybrid engine - Google Patents

Engine lubricant for vehicles having a hybrid or micro-hybrid engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104334697A
CN104334697A CN201380027812.9A CN201380027812A CN104334697A CN 104334697 A CN104334697 A CN 104334697A CN 201380027812 A CN201380027812 A CN 201380027812A CN 104334697 A CN104334697 A CN 104334697A
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China
Prior art keywords
engine
purposes
lubricant compositions
heating power
bearing
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CN201380027812.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
O.勒拉斯勒
J.瓦拉德
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TotalEnergies Marketing Services SA
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Total Marketing Services SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/24—Polyethers
    • C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/24—Polyethers
    • C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C10M145/30—Polyoxyalkylenes of alkylene oxides containing 3 carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
    • C10N2040/253—Small diesel engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of at least one polyalkylene glycol, particularly of at least one polyalkylene glycol obtained by copolymerizing ethylene oxides and propylene oxides, or of at least one polyalkylene glycol obtained by homopolymerizing propylene oxides, in a lubricant composition including at least one base oil for lubricating the internal combustion heat engines of vehicles having hybrid and/or micro-hybrid engines. The use of this type of polyalkylene glycol enables a reduction in the wear of the connecting-rod bearings of the internal combustion heat engine.

Description

For having the engine lubricant of the vehicle of hybrid power or micro-hybrid engine
Technical field
The present invention relates to and use the vehicle of hybrid power (hybrid) engine and use the vehicle of micro-hybrid (micro-hybrid) engine, particularly use to be equipped with the lubrication of the engine of the vehicle of the micro-hybrid engine of " starting-stop (start and stop, Stop-and-Start) " system.
Background technology
Environmental concern has caused the exploitation of the vehicle using electric motor with the saving seeking fossil energy.But the latter is limited and need battery recharge time of growing very much in power and mileage.
Hybrid power engine system is passed through electric motor and standard heating power oil engine series, parallel or is combinationally used and remove these shortcomings.
In motor vehicle driven by mixed power, ensure to start by electric motor.Until the speed of about 50km/h, be all the driving power that electric motor provides vehicle.From the moment reaching higher speed or need high acceleration, heating power oil engine is taken over.When speed reduces or at vehicle interval, heating power oil engine stops and electric motor adapter.Therefore, the heating power oil engine of motor vehicle driven by mixed power stands the stopping of remarkable quantity and restarts compared with the heating power oil engine of conventional vehicles.
In addition, some vehicle mountings have " start-stop " system (also referred to as automatically stopping and restarting device).These vehicles are considered to " micro-hybrid " vehicle usually.In fact, these vehicle mountings have heating power oil engine and ensure the stopping of heating power oil engine and the starter motor-alternator restarted or heavy duty (heavy type) starter motor when vehicle is in stopping.Therefore, be equipped with the heating power oil engine of the micro-hybrid vehicle of " start-stop " system, as the heating power oil engine of motor vehicle driven by mixed power, stand the stopping of remarkable quantity and restart compared with the heating power oil engine of conventional vehicles.
Therefore, at its life period, the heating power oil engine of motor vehicle driven by mixed power or micro-hybrid vehicle stands stopping and the startup of the quantity more much bigger than standard vehicle, and the breaking of oil film when causing at engine stop and restart, oil film is formed again afterwards.On the contrary, these phenomenons are very rare in the heating power oil engine of standard vehicle.
Therefore, for the heating power oil engine of hybrid power and micro-hybrid vehicle, particularly through long period, these phenomenons produce special wear problem potentially.Particularly can see these special wear problems on connecting rod bearing, for the heating power oil engine of standard vehicle, situation is really not so.
Therefore, it has been developed to the coating, particularly polymer coating on the surface of the bearing for the protection of hybrid power or micro-hybrid engine, such as polyamide-imide coating.But these technology are provable implements complicated and expensive.
Describe the oil for lubricating hybrid power intrinsic motivation.Document EP 2 177 596 describes the lubricating oil for hybrid power intrinsic motivation, it comprises: synthetic base oil, and comprise the additive-package of the phosphorous anti-wear agent of at least one dispersion agent, at least one sanitising agent (washing composition, washing agent, detergent) and at least one.But the document is not described in lubricating oil exists at least one polyalkylene glycol.In addition, the particular procedure of the wearing and tearing describing or imply bearing is not had in the document.
Document US 2011/0039741 describes the lubricating oil for motor car engine, and it comprises at least one base oil; At least one polyalkylene glycol; And the mixture of several additive.But the document does not describe and is used for such oil to use the lubrication of the bearing of the heating power oil engine of the vehicle of hybrid power or micro-hybrid engine or reduces its wearing and tearing.
Therefore, there are the needs of exploitation lubricant compositions, its reliability service of heating power oil engine of micro-hybrid vehicle of allowing motor vehicle driven by mixed power and being equipped with startup-halt system, and particularly can reduce the wearing and tearing of wearing and tearing, the particularly connecting rod bearing of wearing and tearing, the particularly bearing in the heating power oil engine of described vehicle.
In addition, there are the needs of exploitation lubricant compositions, its reliability service of heating power oil engine of micro-hybrid vehicle of allowing motor vehicle driven by mixed power and being equipped with startup-halt system, and particularly can reduce the wearing and tearing of bearing, and necessarily not apply specific surface treatment to the surface of described bearing.
Surprisingly, the applicant finds, use hybrid power engine and be equipped with startups-halt system micro-hybrid engine vehicle heating power oil engine in lubricant compositions, use polyalkylene glycol, particularly by the polyalkylene glycol of the copolymerization acquisition of oxyethane and propylene oxide or the wearing and tearing making to reduce significantly the bearing be present in described engine by the polyalkylene glycol that the homopolymerization of propylene oxide obtains.This use advantageously makes the life-span can improving engine, and the time between the replacing particularly improving engine parts.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is lubricant compositions for lubricating the purposes of the metallic surface of the heating power oil engine of the vehicle using hybrid power and/or micro-hybrid engine, polymer surfaces and/or amorphous carbon surface, described lubricant compositions comprises the polyalkylene glycol that at least one base oil and at least one are obtained by the copolymerization of oxyethane and propylene oxide or obtained by the homopolymerization of propylene oxide.
Advantageously, the purposes of such composition makes to reduce the wearing and tearing of the bearing of the heating power oil engine of the vehicle using hybrid power or micro-hybrid engine and the wearing and tearing of particularly connecting rod bearing, and does not necessarily apply specific surface treatment to the surface of described bearing.
Preferably, the vehicle mounting of micro-hybrid engine is used to have starter motor-alternator or heavy load starting machine.
Preferably, this purposes makes the wearing and tearing of wearing and tearing, the particularly connecting rod bearing of heating power oil engine of wearing and tearing, the particularly bearing of heating power oil engine that can reduce heating power oil engine.
Preferably, this purposes makes the life-span of life-span, the particularly connecting rod bearing of heating power oil engine of life-span, the particularly bearing of heating power oil engine that can improve heating power oil engine.
Preferably, this purposes makes the time between the replacing of time, the particularly connecting rod bearing of heating power oil engine between the replacing of time, the particularly bearing of heating power oil engine that can improve between the replacing of heating power internal combustion engine component.
Preferably, described lubricant compositions comprises the polyalkylene glycol of 0.1-20 quality %, preferably 0.2-15%, more preferably 0.5-10%, even more preferably 1-5%, the even more preferably 2-4% of the total mass relative to lubricant compositions.
According to the first embodiment, described polyalkylene glycol is obtained by the homopolymerization by propylene oxide.
According to the second embodiment, described polyalkylene glycol is obtained by the copolymerization of oxyethane and propylene oxide and is comprised the propylene oxide of at least 60 quality % of the total mass relative to polyalkylene glycol.
According to the first embodiment, described metallic surface is alloy.
Preferably, described alloy is steel.
Preferably, described alloy comprise based on the tin (Sn) of element, plumbous (Pb), copper (Cu), aluminium (Al), cadmium (Cd), silver (Ag) or zinc (Zn).
Preferably, described alloy comprises lead (Pb) and copper (Cu).
According to the second embodiment, described polymer surfaces comprises tetrafluoroethylene.
Preferably, the kinematic viscosity of lubricating composition at 100 DEG C measured according to standard A STM D445 is 5.6-12.5cSt.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to the lubricating area of the heating power oil engine of the vehicle using hybrid power or micro-hybrid engine.
The vehicle of hybrid power engine is used to refer to such vehicle in this article: it uses two kinds of different stored energies that can make described vehicle take-offs.Especially, motor vehicle driven by mixed power is by heating power oil engine and electric motor combination, and described electric motor participates in the driving power of this vehicle.The operation logic of motor vehicle driven by mixed power is as follows:
? quiescent phase (wherein vehicle is motionless) period, two kinds of engines all stop,
?when starting, be that electric motor ensures the starting of vehicle, until higher speed (25 or 30km/h),
?when reaching more speed, heating power oil engine take over,
?when high acceleration, two kinds of engines start simultaneously, and this makes to have the acceleration equal or even larger with the engine of identical power (power),
?optionally, deceleration and the brake stage during, kinetic energy is used to recharge battery.
Therefore, in motor vehicle driven by mixed power, in its life, heating power oil engine stands stopping and the startup (" start-stop " phenomenon) of much remarkable quantity compared with conventional vehicles.
But use the vehicle of micro-hybrid engine to refer in this article and comprise heating power oil engine the vehicle comprising electric motor unlike motor vehicle driven by mixed power, " hybrid power " character is provided by the existence of the startup-halt system provided by starter motor-alternator or heavy load starting machine (when it ensures that vehicle stops then restarting the stopping of Thermal Motor and startup).
The present invention more preferentially relates to the lubrication being equipped with the heating power oil engine of the vehicle of hybrid power or micro-hybrid system starting-stop and running in the urban environment of phenomenon and gained wearing and tearing increase wherein.
Can to be stopped frequently by these from the different parts of lubricant contact are seen and to restart caused wearing and tearing: piston, piston ring, wrist pin, piston boss, microcephaly, major part, connecting rod bearing, crankpin, axle journal, crankbearing, throw bearing or shaft bearing or main bearing babbitting jig, chain pin, oil pump gear, gear train, camshaft, cam shaft bearing, cam follower, roller for rocker arm, Hydraulic Valve Tappet, turbo-charger shaft, turbo-charger bearing.
In motor car engine, there is static (motionless) part, it comprises engine block, cylinder head, cylinder head gaskets, lining and ensures the assembling of these different parts and the various parts of compactness.Also there is movable part, it comprises bent axle, connecting rod and its bearing, piston and its ring.
The effect of connecting rod is, by linear reciprocating motion is converted into the circumferential motion on single direction, the power suffered by piston is sent to bent axle.
Connecting rod comprises two circular ports, and one has little diameter, is called microcephaly, and another has large diameter, is called major part.Connect the connecting rod body of microcephaly and major part between these two holes.
Microcephaly engages (engage) around wrist pin, and the friction between microcephaly and wrist pin is coated with antifriction metal (such as bronze) or the annulus be made up of it or roller bearing (being generally needle bearing) by insertion between these two movable parts and reduces.
Major part is around the crankpin of bent axle.Friction between major part and crankpin assembly reduces by inserting the existence of bearing and oil film between major part and crankpin.In the case, term bottom-end bearing is used.
Bent axle is turning unit.By bearing (being called axle journal) in place and maintenance by it of some amount.Therefore, there is the fixing part crankbearing around movable part neck of bent axle.Lubrication between these two parts is compulsory (necessity) and bearing puts in place to make to withstand the power being applied to these bearings.In the case, term shaft bearing (or throw bearing or main bearing babbitting jig) is used.
The effect of the situation lower bearing of major part or axle journal be allow bent axle suitably (properly) rotate.Bearing is the shell of semi-cylindrical form.These are seriously by the parts that lubricating condition affects.If there is contact at bearing with between rotation axis, crankpin or axle journal, then the energy systematically discharged causes noticeable wear or motor fault.And the wearing and tearing produced can have amplifies the phenomenon of contact and the effect of seriousness.
When frequently stopping and restarting, the same with the situation of the vehicle using hybrid power or micro-hybrid engine, bearing experience oil film breaks frequently and is again formed.Therefore, when stopping/restart at every turn, come in contact between metal interface, and be these contact occurrence frequency be problematic for bearing.
Bearing stands the wearing and tearing of some types within the engine.The dissimilar wearing and tearing run in engine are: the wearing and tearing (wearing and tearing of contact wear, cavitation wear, electricity origin) of sticking wearing and tearing or the wearing and tearing caused by metal-metal contact, abrasive wear, corrosive wear, fatigue wear or complex form.Bearing stands to stick wearing and tearing especially, and the present invention is more particularly useful for reducing the wearing and tearing of the type, but, but the present invention can be applicable to the wearing and tearing of other above-mentioned type.
To the metal mold surface that the surface on the surface of wear sensitive, particularly bearing is metal mold surface or applies with another layer, another layer described can be the layer of polymkeric substance or decolorizing carbon.Interface between the described surface of carrying out when oil film becomes deficiency contacting produces wearing and tearing.
Metal mold surface can for the surface be made up of as tin (Sn) or plumbous (Pb) pure metal.Most of time, metal mold surface is the metal mold alloy based on metal and other metal of at least one or non-metallic element.The alloy of frequent use is steel, the alloy of iron (Fe) and carbon (C).The bearing that the bearing used in automotive industry is mainly such: its support is formed from steel is coating or the uncoated support having other metal alloy.
According to the described other metal alloy of formation metallic surface of the present invention be comprise based on the tin (Sn) of element, plumbous (Pb), copper (Cu) or aluminium (Al) alloy.Cadmium (Cd), silver (Ag) or zinc (Zn) also can be the infrastructure elements of the metal alloy according to formation metallic surface of the present invention.Other element being selected from antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), indium (In), magnesium (Mg), nickel (Ni), platinum (Pt) or silicon (Si) will be added to these infrastructure elements.
Preferred alloy is based on following combination Al/Sn, Al/Sn/Cu, Cu/Sn, Cu/Al, Sn/Sb/Cu, Pb/Sb/Sn, Cu/Pb, Pb/Sn/Cu, Al/Pb/Si, Pb/Sn, Pb/In, Al/Si, Al/Pb.Preferred combination is combination S n/Cu, Sn/Al, Pb/Cu or Pb/Al.
Copper base and lead 2-base alloy are preferred alloys, and they are also referred to as copper-lead or white metal alloy.
According to another embodiment, the surface of frayed impact is polymer type surface.Most of time, bearing is formed from steel and comprises this polymer surfaces.Spendable polymkeric substance is thermoplastic material such as polymeric amide, polyethylene, fluoropolymer such as tetrafluoroethylene particularly tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or thermosetting material such as polyimide, phenoplast (or phenolic aldehyde (PF) resin).
According to another embodiment, the surface of frayed impact is decolorizing carbon type surface.Most of time, bearing is formed from steel and comprises this decolorizing carbon type surface.This decolorizing carbon type surface is also referred to as DLC or diamond-like carbon or diamond-like coating, and its carbon is sp 2and sp 3hydridization.
polyalkylene glycol
The lubricant compositions used in the present invention comprises at least one polyalkylene glycol (PAG).The copolymerization that this polyalkylene glycol leads to oxyethane and propylene oxide is obtained or is obtained by the homopolymerization of propylene oxide.When it is the polyalkylene glycol by the only homopolymerization acquisition of propylene oxide units, this polyalkylene glycol is referred to as polypropylene glycol.
Be oxyethane and epoxypropane polymer or multipolymer (random or block) according to the polyalkylene glycol of composition of the present invention, it can according to the currently known methods described in application WO 2009/134716 page 2 26th row-page 4 the 12nd row, such as, increased by alcohol initiator the attack of the epoxy bond of oxyethane or propylene oxide and reaction and prepare.
Can polyalkylene glycol used according to the invention be with title SYNALOX tMbe available commercially.
Preferably, described PAG is homopolymer of propylene oxide.
When described polyalkylene glycol be oxyethane and epoxy propane copolymer time, described polyalkylene glycol comprise the total mass relative to polyalkylene glycol at least 60 quality %, preferentially at least 70%, even more preferentially at least 80%, even more preferentially at least 90% the unit obtained by propylene oxide.
In fact, the polyalkylene glycol (PAG) obtained primarily of oxyethane does not have for for enough lipophilic character in motor oil formulations.Especially, they can not combinationally use with other mineral, synthesis or natural foundation oil.
Preferentially, be more than or equal to 30 according to the viscosity index VI (measuring according to standard A STM D2270) of PAG of the present invention, be preferentially more than or equal to 65, be even more preferentially more than or equal to 150, be even more preferentially more than or equal to 300.
Preferentially, the viscosity (KV40) at 40 DEG C measured according to standard A STM D 445 is 20-800cSt, preferred 30-400cSt, more preferably 140-350cSt.
Preferentially, the viscosity (KV100) at 100 DEG C measured according to standard A STM D 445 is 5-150cSt, preferred 10-100cSt, more preferably 20-60cSt.
Preferentially, according to the weight-average molecular weight M that standard A STM D4274 measures wfor 200-6000g/mol, preferably 400-4000g/mol, more preferably 1100-2600g/mol.
lubricant compositions
The polyalkylene glycol of 0.1-20 quality %, preferably 0.2-15%, more preferably 0.5-10%, even more preferably 1-5%, the even more preferably 2-4% of the total mass relative to lubricant compositions can be comprised according to lubricant compositions of the present invention.
Surprisingly, the applicant is verified, in lubricant compositions, particularly, in for the composition of engine, use these polyalkylene glycols to make the wearing and tearing of the connecting rod bearing in the engine of the micro-hybrid vehicle that can reduce motor vehicle driven by mixed power significantly or be equipped with startup-halt system, and do not change fuel consumption or advantageously reduce fuel consumption simultaneously.
base oil
Lubricant compositions used according to the invention comprises one or more base oils, and it accounts for 50%-90 quality %, preferably 60%-85%, more preferably 65-80%, the even more preferably 70-75% of the total mass relative to described lubricant compositions usually.
The mineral from the I-V class according to the classification defined in API classification of following general introduction independent or as a mixture or the oil (or their equivalent according to ATIEL classification) in synthesis source is can be according to the base oil used in lubricant compositions of the present invention.In addition, the oil in the synthesis source of the VI class according to ATIEL classification can be selected from according to the base oil used in lubricant compositions of the present invention.
* only classify for ATIEL
These oil can be the oil of plant, animal or mineral origin.Mineral base oil according to the present invention comprises all types of basic thing by obtaining as follows: the normal pressure of crude oil and vacuum distilling, carries out refining operation such as solvent extraction (extraction), diasphaltene, solvent dewaxing, hydrogen treatment, hydrocracking and hydrogenation isomerization, hydrofinishing afterwards.
Base oil according to composition of the present invention also can be synthetic oil, such as, and some esters of Carboxylic acid and alcohol, or poly-alpha olefins.Poly-alpha olefins as base oil is such as obtained by the monomer (such as octene, decene) with 4-32 carbon atom, and is the viscosity (measuring according to standard A STM D 445) at 100 DEG C of 1.5-15cSt.Their weight-average molecular weight typically is 250-3000 (ASTM D5296).
Also can using the mixture of synthetic oil and mineral oil, such as, when preparing multi-grade oil, making to prevent cold start-up problem.
other additive
In addition, described lubricant compositions can comprise viscosity index (VI) improver polymers such as polymer esters, olefin copolymer (OCP), vinylbenzene, divinyl or isoprene homopolymer or multipolymer, polymethacrylate (PMA).
The viscosity index improver polymkeric substance of about 0-20% or 5-15% relative to the total mass of described lubricant compositions or 7-10 quality % can be comprised according to lubricant compositions of the present invention, described viscosity index improver polymkeric substance is such as selected from polymer esters, olefin copolymer (OCP), vinylbenzene, divinyl or isoprene homopolymer or multipolymer, polymethacrylate (PMA).
Preferentially have according to lubricant compositions of the present invention and be greater than 130, be preferentially greater than 140, be preferentially greater than the viscosity index measured according to ASTM D2270 of 150 or VI value.
Preferentially, lubricant compositions according to the present invention has the kinematic viscosity (KV100) at 100 DEG C according to standard A STM D445 of 3.8cSt-26.1cSt, preferably 5.6-12.5cSt, classify according to SAE J300, it is corresponding to grade 20 (5.6-9.3cSt) at high temperature or 30 (9.3-12.5cSt).
Preferentially, the grade 0W at low temperatures particularly classified according to SAE J 300 according to lubricant compositions of the present invention or the multi-stage engine lubricant compositions of 5W or grade at high temperature 20 or 30.
In addition, the lubricant compositions for engine used according to the invention can comprise for stark suitable all types of additives as engine oil.
These additives can be introduced individually and/or be included in in the additive-package in the formula of commercial lubricant, have as ACEA (ACEA) and/or API (American Petroleum Institute (API)) the performance level that defines.These additive-package (or compositions of additives) are the enriched material of the dilution base oil comprising about 30 % by weight.
Therefore, wear-resistant and extreme-pressure additive, antioxidant, high alkalinity (overbased) or non-overbasic sanitising agent, pour point improver, dispersion agent, defoamer, thickening material etc. can be comprised especially and without limitation according to lubricant compositions of the present invention.
Wear-resistant and extreme-pressure additive passes through to protect friction surface as follows: form the protective membrane be adsorbed on these surfaces.That the most frequently used is zinc dithiophosphate or ZnDTP.Multiple P contained compound, sulfocompound, nitrogenous compound, chlorine-containing compound and boron-containing compound is also there is in this classification.
There is various wear preventive additive, such as, but the classification being used as the most often to use in the lubricant compositions of engine oil is following classification: phosphinylidyne sulfur-containing additive, metal alkylthiophosphates, particularly alkylthio zinc phosphate and more particularly zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate or ZnDTP.Preferred compound has formula Zn ((SP (S) (OR 9) (OR 10)) 2, wherein R 9and R 10line style or branching, saturated or undersaturated alkyl (alkyl) (preferably including 1-18 carbon atom).ZnDTP typically exists with the level of the about 0.1-2 quality % of the total mass relative to described lubricant compositions.
The alkene of amine phosphate and polysulfide, particularly sulfur-bearing is also conventional wear preventive additive.
Wear-resistant and extreme-pressure additive is present in engine lubricant compositions with following level usually: relative to the 0.5-6 quality % of the total mass of described lubricant compositions, preferably 0.7-2%, preferably 1-1.5%.
Antioxidants retard: the rising of the degraded of oil in use, the degraded that settling can be caused to be formed, the existence of mud or the viscosity of lubricant compositions.They play the effect of free radical inhibitors or hydroperoxide disrupting agent.In conventional antioxidant, there is phenol and amino-type antioxidant.
Phenolic antioxidant can be ashless, or is form that is neutral or alkaline metal salt.Typically, these are the compound of the hydroxyl comprising steric hindrance, such as when two hydroxyls be in alkyl that ortho position each other or contraposition or phenol be included at least 6 carbon atoms replace time.
Aminocompound is another kind of antioxidant, and it can be used alone or optionally combinationally uses with phenolic antioxidant.Representative instance is formula R 11r 12r 13the aromatic amine of N, wherein R 11for aliphatic group or the aromatic group that optionally replaces, R 12for the aromatic group optionally replaced, R 13for hydrogen or alkyl or aryl or formula R 14s (O) xr 15group, wherein R 14and R 15for alkylidene group, alkenylene or sub-aralkyl, and x be equal 0,1 or 2 integer.
As antioxidant, also use alkylphenol or their the alkali and alkaline earth metal ions salt of sulfuration.
Another kind of antioxidant is oil-soluble copper compound antioxidant, the salt of such as sulfo--or phosphorodithioic acid copper, copper and carboxylic acid, dithiocarbamic acid copper, sulfonic acid copper, phenol copper and acetylacetone copper.Use copper (I) and (II) salt of amber acid or anhydride.
These compounds independent or as a mixture are typically present in engine lubricant compositions to measure as follows: relative to the 0.1-5 quality % of the total mass of described lubricant compositions, preferably 0.3-2 quality %, even more preferably 0.5-1.5 quality %.
The settling that sanitising agent reduces by making oxidation and combustion by-products dissolve on metal part surface is formed, and allow be derived from burning and the number acid impurity that exists in lubricant compositions and.
Sanitising agent conventional in the formula of lubricant compositions typically is and comprises long lipotropy hydrocarbon chain and the anionic compound of hydrophilic head.The positively charged ion associated typically is the metallic cation of basic metal or alkaline-earth metal.
Sanitising agent be preferably selected from the basic metal of carboxylic acid or alkaline earth salt, sulfonate, salicylate, naphthenate and phenates, preferred calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium.
These metal-salts can about stoichiometry or excessively (to be greater than the amount of stoichiometry) comprise metal.In the later case, we relate to so-called over-based detergent.
Such as, for sanitising agent provides the excess metal of its high alkalinity characteristic to exist with following form: be insoluble to the metal-salt in oil, carbonate, oxyhydroxide, oxalate, acetate, glutaminate, preferred carbonate, preferred calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium.
Well known by persons skilled in the art, neutral or overbasic all types of sanitising agent can be comprised according to lubricant compositions of the present invention.Sanitising agent high alkalinity characteristic is more or less characterized by BN (base number), and described BN (base number) measures according to standard A STM D2896 and represents with mg KOH/g.Mild detergent has the BN of about 0-80mg KOH/g.Over-based detergent, for their part, has the BN value of typically about 150mg KOH/g or higher or even 250mg KOH/g or 450mg KOH/g or higher.The BN comprising the lubricant compositions of sanitising agent is measured by standard A STM D2896 and represents with mg KOH/g lubricant compositions.
Preferably, regulate the amount according to the sanitising agent comprised in lubricant compositions of the present invention, make the BN of the described oil measured according to standard A STM D2896 5 and be less than or equal between 20mg KOH/g lubricant compositions, preferably between 8 and 15mg KOH/g lubricant compositions.
Depression of pour point agent addition agent is by slowing down the formation of wax crystalline substance (paraffin crystal) and improving the low temperature behavior of lubricant compositions.These are such as alkyl polymethacrylate, polyacrylic ester, polyaryl acid amides, many alkylphenols, many alkylnaphthalenes, alkylating polystyrene.They are present in according in lubricant compositions of the present invention with following level usually: relative to the 0.1-0.5 quality % of lubricant combination amount.
Dispersion agent such as succinimide, PIB (polyisobutene) succinimide, Mannich base ensure that the insoluble solid pollutent be made up of the oxidized byproduct formed when lubricant compositions uses is kept to suspend and be removed.Dispersant level typically is 0.5-10 quality %, the preferably 1-5% of the total mass relative to described lubricant compositions.
Also can comprise friction modifiers according to lubricant compositions of the present invention, such as, be selected from the friction modifiers of organic molybdenum.With showing, these compounds are the compound based on molybdenum, carbon and hydrogen to name referring as them, but in these compounds, also there is sulphur and phosphorus and oxygen and nitrogen.
According to the organic molybdenum used in lubricant compositions of the present invention be, such as, molybdenum dithiophosphate; Molybdenum dithiocarbamate; Dithiophosphlic acid molybdenum (phosphonodithious acid molybdenum, molybdenum dithiophosphinate); Xanthogenic acid molybdenum; Thioxanthate molybdenum; With various organic molybdenum complex compound, such as carboxylic acid molybdenum, molybdenum ester, molybdenum acid amides, its reaction by molybdenum oxide or ammonium molybdate and fat, glyceryl ester or lipid acid or derivative of fatty acid (ester, amine, acid amides etc.) and obtaining.
Such as be described in application EP2078745 [0036] section-[062] section for the organic molybdenum in lubricant compositions according to the present invention.
Preferred organic molybdenum is molybdenum dithiophosphate and/or molybdenum dithiocarbamate.
Especially, to be proved to be the wearing and tearing of combining for reducing bearing with polyalkylene glycol very effective for molybdenum dithiocarbamate.The general formula of these molybdenum dithiocarbamates is following general formula (I), wherein R 1, R 2, R 3or R 4be comprise 4-18, saturated or undersaturated, the line style of preferential 8-13 carbon atom or the alkyl (alkyl) of branching independently of one another.
This is equally applicable to molybdenum dithiophosphate.The general formula of these molybdenum dithiophosphates is following general formula (II), wherein R 5, R 6, R 7or R 8be comprise 4-18, saturated or undersaturated, the line style of preferential 8-13 carbon atom or the alkyl (alkyl) of branching independently of one another.
The organic molybdenum of 0.1-10 quality %, preferably 0.5-8%, more preferably 1-5%, the even more preferably 2-4% of the total mass relative to lubricant compositions can be comprised according to lubricant compositions of the present invention.
The molybdenum of 1-30 quality %, preferably 2-20%, more preferably 4-10%, the even more preferably 8-5% of the total mass relative to organic molybdenum is comprised according to the organic molybdenum used in lubricant compositions of the present invention.
The sulphur of 1-30 quality %, preferably 2-20%, more preferably 4-10%, the even more preferably 8-5% of the total mass relative to organic molybdenum is comprised according to the spendable organic molybdenum of the present invention.
The phosphorus of 1-10 quality %, preferably 2-8%, more preferably 3-6%, the even more preferably 4-5% of the total mass relative to organic molybdenum is comprised according to the organic molybdenum used in lubricant compositions of the present invention.
embodiment
By by 150 hours period in succession 12,000 time stop/start circulation form the aggravation of test simulation on the bearing of engine being equipped with startups-halt system (aggravated) wear and tear:
1) starting engine,
2) 10 seconds are run with idle speed,
3) engine is stopped,
Repetitive sequence 1-3.
Tested system comprises the 4 cylinder diesel motors from 1750 to 2500rpm with the peak torque of 200Nm.It is startup-stop type and comprises starter motor-alternator between the clutch coupling and wheel box of vehicle.In these trials, engine lubricant compositions is maintained at about 100 DEG C.Worn and torn by the radioactive tracer technical monitoring of routine, described radioactive tracer technology is by forming as follows: carry out radiation to the surface of the connecting rod bearing of its wearing and tearing to be tested, with at test period, measure the radioactive rising of engine lubricant compositions being used for engine, i.e. the speed that loaded by the metallic particles of raying of lubricant compositions.This speed is directly proportional to the wear rate (speed) on bearing.
Result is destroyed the comparative analysis (with reference to lubricant compositions and lubricant compositions to be tested) of speed based on these and is verified by following: with comparing with reference to lubricant compositions, positive (positive to embody for damaging for speed, positive) or negative (passive, negative) surface adapt to (adaption) factor (element).
The destruction speed of tested lubricant compositions is all compared with the destruction speed with reference to lubricant compositions and quantizes with the form of the % ratio of this speed (being expressed as wearing and tearing in lower Table I).
Lubricant compositions A is the reference lubricant compositions of class 5 W30.
Lubricant compositions B is the lubricant compositions with the polyalkylene glycol obtained by the homopolymerization of propylene oxide (100%PO).The molecular mass of this polyalkylene glycol is 400g/mol (ASTM D4274), its viscosity index is 65 (ASTM D2270), its KV40 is 30cSt (ASTM D445), its KV100 is 5cSt (ASTM D445).
The quality composition of the lubricant compositions tested and character are summarized in lower Table I:
Table I
A B
Base oil 1* 70％ 68％
Additive-package 12.3％ 12.3％
Viscosity index improves polymkeric substance 16.6％ 16.6％
Antioxidant 0.8％ 0.8％
PPD 0.3％ 0.3％
PAG 100％PO - 2％
HTHS (high temperature high shear), mPa.s, ASTM D4741 3.5 3.5
KV100，cSt，ASTM D445 12.04 11.8
CCS (cold crank simulator)-30 DEG C, mPa.s, ASTM D5293 6360 6400
SAE grade 5W30 5W30
Wearing and tearing 100％ 46％
* the base oil for dilution additive bag is not comprised
The base oil used is the mixture of III class base oil, and it has the viscosity index equaling 171.
It is mass M that the viscosity index used improves polymkeric substance wequal 139,700 (measuring according to standard A STM D5296), mass M nequal 133, the Mn (measuring according to standard A STM D5296) of 000, there is the line style phenylethylene/butadiene polymkeric substance of the polydispersity index equaling 1.1, with 8% active material in III class base oil.
Antioxidant is the antioxidant comprising amine of alkylaryl amine structure.
PPD or pour point depressant are Polymethacrylate type.
The additive-package used comprises wear preventive additive, antioxidant, dispersion agent and standard detergent.
Notice, polyalkylene glycol is used for make in composition B can reduce wearing and tearing compared with lubricant compositions A.

Claims (14)

1. lubricant compositions for reducing use the wearing and tearing of the bearing of the heating power oil engine of the vehicle of hybrid power and/or micro-hybrid engine and for lubricate described heating power oil engine metallic surface, polymer surfaces and/or amorphous carbon surface purposes, described lubricant compositions comprises the polyalkylene glycol that at least one base oil and at least one are obtained by the copolymerization of oxyethane and propylene oxide or obtained by the homopolymerization of propylene oxide.
2. purposes according to claim 1, the vehicle mounting of wherein said use micro-hybrid engine has starter motor-alternator or heavy load starting machine.
3., according to the purposes of claim 1 or 2, it is for reducing the wearing and tearing of the connecting rod bearing of described heating power oil engine.
4., according to the purposes of any one of claim 1-3, it is for improving the life-span of life-span, the particularly connecting rod bearing of described heating power oil engine of the bearing of described heating power oil engine.
5. according to the purposes of any one of claim 1-4, its for improve the bearing of described heating power oil engine replacing between time, the particularly connecting rod bearing of described heating power oil engine replacing between time.
6. according to the purposes of any one of claim 1-5, wherein said lubricant compositions comprises 0.1-20 quality %, preferably 0.2-15%, the more preferably polyalkylene glycol of 0.5-10%, even more preferably 1-5%, even more preferably 2-4% of the total mass relative to lubricant compositions.
7., according to the purposes of any one of claim 1-6, wherein said polyalkylene glycol is obtained by the homopolymerization of propylene oxide.
8., according to the purposes of any one of claim 1-6, wherein said polyalkylene glycol is obtained by the copolymerization of oxyethane and propylene oxide and is comprised the propylene oxide of at least 60 quality % of the total mass relative to polyalkylene glycol.
9., according to the purposes of any one of claim 1-8, wherein said metallic surface is alloy.
10. purposes according to claim 9, wherein said alloy is steel.
11. purposes according to claim 9, the tin (Sn) of element, plumbous (Pb), copper (Cu), aluminium (Al), cadmium (Cd), silver (Ag) or zinc (Zn) based on wherein said alloy comprises.
12. purposes according to claim 11, wherein said alloy comprises lead (Pb) and copper (Cu).
13. according to the purposes of any one of claim 1-8, and wherein said polymer surfaces comprises tetrafluoroethylene.
14. according to the purposes of any one of claim 1-13, and the kinematic viscosity of described lubricant compositions at 100 DEG C wherein measured according to standard A STM D445 is 5.6-12.5cSt.
CN201380027812.9A 2012-05-04 2013-05-03 Engine lubricant for vehicles having a hybrid or micro-hybrid engine Pending CN104334697A (en)

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