CN104332817B - Single-frequency laser wavelength comparison device and method - Google Patents
Single-frequency laser wavelength comparison device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104332817B CN104332817B CN201410558996.8A CN201410558996A CN104332817B CN 104332817 B CN104332817 B CN 104332817B CN 201410558996 A CN201410558996 A CN 201410558996A CN 104332817 B CN104332817 B CN 104332817B
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Abstract
The invention provides a single-frequency laser wavelength comparison device and a method. The device comprises a first single-frequency laser, a second single-frequency laser, an optical beam combiner, a nondegenerate optical cavity, a dispersion element, a photoelectric detector and an oscilloscope. By adopting the above device, the method comprises the following steps: output light of two lasers is combined on the optical beam combiner, and two light beams are enabled to have the same light beam parameters and the same propagation directions after the optical beam combiner; one light beam is blocked, and the other light beam is adjusted to realize mode matching with the nondegenerate optical cavity; and the wavelength of the other laser beam is changed, and the waveform different between the two light beams is compared through comparing the mode matching efficiency between the two light beams and the nondegenerate optical cavity. The device and the method are simple, convenient, practical, low in cost and good in practical values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser technology field, particularly belong to a kind of single-frequency laser wavelength ratio compared with apparatus and method.
Background technology
In real work, compare whether two single-frequency laser wavelength equal or approximately equal have widely should
With：
1) live width is to weigh an important indicator of single-frequency laser performance, so far, measures single-frequency laser live width
Most common method is beat frequency method, that is, the spectrum width for measuring the difference frequency signal of two laser instruments is calculated the live width of laser instrument
Value.If the difference on the frequency for participating in two single-frequency lasers of beat frequency is too big, limited by photodetector and spectrum analyzer bandwidth
System, cannot obtain beat signal.The wavelength difference for comparing two laser instruments with a kind of method, and tuning wherein is needed to swash
The wavelength of light device makes the wavelength approximately equal of two laser instruments, reaches the measurement range of photodetector and spectrum analyzer, obtains
Obtain the live width of laser instrument.
2) with the reach of science and the progress of technology, higher and higher requirement is proposed to the power of laser instrument, separate unit swashs
The power output of light device can not meet the application demand in some fields.Need for the light of several laser instrument outputs to carry out relevant conjunction
Into so as to obtain more power laser output.The wavelength for participating in several laser instruments of optics coherence tomography allows for being tuned to approximate phase
Etc. efficient optics coherence tomography could be realized.Accordingly, it would be desirable to compare the wavelength difference of two laser instruments with a kind of method to screen output
The approximate laser instrument of wavelength is carrying out optics coherence tomography.
3) in light and atomic interaction research, need to be locked in several laser instruments several in the range of certain difference frequency
On different wave length, matched from different atomic transition lines with meeting, and the premise for locking several laser instruments is by several laser
The wavelength tuning of device to approximately equal, to meet the needs of PGC demodulation.Accordingly, it would be desirable to compare two laser instruments with a kind of method
Wavelength difference tuning the wavelength of two laser instruments to approximately equal.
In prior art, the method for most directly comparing two laser wavelength differences is surveyed respectively with high-accuracy wavelength meter
The wavelength of two laser instruments of amount, then calculates the wavelength difference of two laser instruments.But high-accuracy wavelength meter is expensive.
The present invention propose a kind of single-frequency laser wavelength ratio compared with apparatus and method, filled with easy, practical, cheap experiment
Putting can just compare the wavelength of two laser instruments, with important using value.
The content of the invention：
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of easy, practical, cheap single-frequency laser wavelength ratio compared with apparatus and method.
The present invention core concept be using different wave length light by dispersion element after the direction of propagation difference and nondegenerate
Principle of the optics cavity to inputs light beam orientation-sensitive.First, the light beam for adjusting two laser instrument outputs overlaps；Then, by two beams
Light by dispersion element, due to the direction of propagation difference of the light by dispersion element after of different wave length, thus, the light of different wave length
Incident angle in nondegenerate optics cavity is different；Finally, the light after dispersion element is imported nondegenerate optics cavity, angle
Different light different pattern match efficiency of correspondence in nondegenerate optics cavity；According to two-beam and the pattern of nondegenerate optics cavity
Matching efficiency (pattern match efficiency judges according to the transmission signal of nondegenerate optics cavity) judges the wavelength difference of two-beam, if
The wavelength difference of two-beam is big, and pattern match efficiency variance is obvious, as the wavelength difference of two-beam diminishes, pattern match efficiency
Difference is less and less, when the pattern match efficiency of two-beam is equal and transmission peaks of nondegenerate optics cavity overlap, two-beam
Wavelength it is equal.
A kind of single-frequency laser wavelength ratio that the present invention is provided compared with device, including the first single-frequency laser, the second single-frequency
Laser instrument, optics bundling device, nondegenerate optics cavity, dispersion element, photodetector, oscillograph；The first described single-frequency laser
After the output light of device is coupled with the output light of the second single-frequency laser on optics bundling device, Jing dispersion elements import nondegenerate light
Chamber is learned, the transmitted light of nondegenerate optics cavity is imported in photodetector；Photodetector is connected with oscillograph；Described first is single
Polarization direction is identical when the output light of frequency laser and the second single-frequency laser is coupled on optics bundling device.
Described dispersion element is grating or prism.
Described nondegenerate optics cavity is two mirror chambers or other many mirror chambers.
Described optics bundling device is optical mirror slip bundling device or optical-fiber bundling device.
First single-frequency laser and the second single-frequency laser are or wherein one is tunable laser, by fixing one
The wavelength of platform laser instrument, changing the wavelength of another laser instrument can observe the change feelings of another lasing mode matching efficiency
Condition.Grating is typically used when two laser wavelength differences are little, because the dispersion characteristics of grating are more preferably, the resolution ratio of grating
Higher, the wavelength difference of resolution is less, and the resolution ratio of the method is higher；Prism is typically when two laser wavelength differences are big
Use, during by the use of prism as dispersion element, the resolution ratio of the method is relatively low.First single-frequency laser and the second single-frequency laser
The output light of device polarization direction when optics bundling device is coupled is identical, it is ensured that when two-beam wavelength is equal, correspondence nondegenerate optics
The same eigen mode in chamber.
Based on said apparatus, a kind of single-frequency laser wavelength ratio that the present invention is provided compared with method, successively including following step
Suddenly：
1), the output light of the output light of the first single-frequency laser and the second single-frequency laser is closed on optics bundling device
Beam, and make that light beam parameters of the two-beam after optical beam-splitter are identical, position overlaps；
The direction of propagation of the two-beam before dispersion element is incided is consistent, light beam parameters are identical ensures light beam by dispersion unit
The difference of pattern matching efficiency is caused by dispersion in nondegenerate optics cavity after part, eliminates other experiment conditions to pattern
The impact of matching efficiency.If light beam parameters of the two-beam before dispersion element are different with the direction of propagation, even without dispersion
Element, two-beam is also unequal with the pattern match efficiency of nondegenerate optics cavity.
2), Shu Guang will be closed to incide on dispersion element, due to the dispersion interaction of dispersion element, closes Shu Guang and pass through dispersion element
The direction of propagation afterwards is relevant with the wavelength of light beam；
The two-beam deviation of the direction of propagation and resolution ratio of dispersion element after dispersion element is relevant.For same ripple
Length is poor, and the resolution ratio of dispersion element is higher, and the deflecting angle of the two-beam direction of propagation is bigger, the pattern match with nondegenerate optics cavity
Efficiency difference is bigger, and the resolution ratio of the method is higher.
3) output light of the first single-frequency laser, is blocked, the output light of the second single-frequency laser is imported into nondegenerate optics
Chamber, and adjust light beam and realize that good model is matched with nondegenerate optics cavity, pattern match with photodetector by detecting non-letter
And the signal after optics cavity is obtained, the output of photodetector is connected with oscillograph, reads transmission signal；
The output light for adjusting the second single-frequency laser realizes that good model is matched with nondegenerate optics cavity, is swashed with the second single-frequency
On the basis of light device, the output wavelength of the first single-frequency laser is adjusted, compare two-beam and imitate with the pattern match of nondegenerate optics cavity
The situation of change of rate is it may determine that the wavelength difference of two-beam is to become big or reduce.
4) output light of the first single-frequency laser, is decontroled, with oscillograph the transmission signal of nondegenerate optics cavity is observed, when the
One single-frequency laser and the pattern match efficiency and the second single-frequency laser of nondegenerate optics cavity and the pattern of nondegenerate optics cavity
When matching efficiency is close, the output wavelength approximately equal of two laser instruments；When the first single-frequency laser and nondegenerate optics cavity
Pattern match efficiency and when the second single-frequency laser is equal with the pattern match efficiency of nondegenerate optics cavity and transmission peaks overlap, two
The output wavelength of platform laser instrument is equal.
Described step 1) make the method that light beam parameters of the two-beam after optics bundling device are identical, position overlaps, be by
The output light of the first single-frequency laser closes beam with the output light of the second single-frequency laser by optical mirror slip bundling device, imports one
Nondegenerate optics cavity, adjusts two-beam and matches with nondegenerate optical cavity mode respectively；Or directly by optical-fiber bundling device conjunction
Shu Shixian.
The output light of two laser instruments is distinguished into two inputs of coupled into optical fibres bundling device, because optical fiber is wave guide
Part is identical in the light beam parameters of the output end two-beam of optical fiber.Because two-beam is from an optical fiber output, thus the direction of propagation one
Cause.Can also will close beam light and import a nondegenerate optics cavity, if two-beam realizes good model with nondegenerate optics cavity
Matching, shows that two-beam light beam parameters are identical, and the direction of propagation is consistent
Single-frequency laser wavelength ratio of the present invention compared with apparatus and method compared with traditional method with following excellent
Point：
(1) device need not respectively measure the wavelength of two laser instruments with expensive wavemeter, only with grating and Fei Jian
It is cheap and optics cavity just may compare the wavelength of two laser instruments.
(2) by observing transmission signal of the two-beam after optics cavity simultaneously, judge the wavelength of two-beam is the method
It is no equal or close, there is visual result.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be with grating as dispersion element, single-frequency laser wavelength ratio compared with schematic device
Fig. 2 be with prism as dispersion element, single-frequency laser wavelength ratio compared with schematic device
In figure：The single-frequency lasers of 1- first, the single-frequency lasers of 2- second, 3- optics bundling devices, 4- nondegenerate optics cavities, 5-
Dispersion element, 6- photodetectors, 7- oscillographs.
When Fig. 3 is that the medium wavelength of embodiment 1 difference is of different sizes, the transmission signal that two-beam passes through nondegenerate optics cavity, A) ripple
Long difference is larger；B) wavelength is close to；C) wavelength is equal.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, further description is made to the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Implementation below is used to illustrate the present invention, but is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Be by the use of grating as dispersion element, single-frequency laser wavelength ratio compared with experimental program.Experimental provision such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, including the first single-frequency laser 1, the second single-frequency laser 2, optics bundling device 3, nondegenerate optics cavity 4, dispersion element 5, light
Electric explorer 6, oscillograph 7.First single-frequency laser 1 adopts distributed feedback single frequency optical fiber laser, the output wave of laser instrument
Length can be tuned in the range of 1549.50nm-1550.50nm.Second single-frequency laser 2 adopts another distributed feedback single-frequency
Optical fiber laser, the wavelength of laser instrument can be tuned in the range of 1549.50nm-1550.50nm.In an experiment, we fix
The output wavelength of the first single-frequency laser 1 changes the wavelength of the second single-frequency laser 2 in 1550.303nm.Second single-frequency laser
The tuning manner of device is the two methods of piezoelectric ceramics in the temperature and scan laser for control laser instrument, changes the second single-frequency and swashs
The operating temperature of light device 2 can be realized tuning on a large scale, change the voltage of piezoelectric ceramics on the second single-frequency laser 2 and can realize
Small range is tuned.Polarization direction is identical when the output light of two laser instruments is coupled on optical beam-splitter, optics bundling device 3 by
One is served as to 45 degree of speculums that 1550nm reflectivity is 50%, the output light of the two laser instruments coupling on optics bundling device 3
Close, and adjust the output light of two laser instruments and overlap after by optics bundling device 3, it is auxiliary followed by one in optics bundling device 3
Optics cavity is helped, the chamber is nondegenerate optics cavity.Adjust the output light of two laser instruments and the pattern match efficiency in auxiliary optical chamber
99.5% is all higher than, shows that light beam parameters of the output light of now two laser instruments behind optics bundling device 3 are identical, propagation side
To consistent.Shu Guang will be closed to incide on dispersion element 5, dispersion element 5 is served as by reflecting grating, and incident light normal incidence is to grating
On, the groove of per millimeter of grating is 1200, and facet width is 20 millimeters.Shu Guang is closed after optical grating diffraction, second is blocked single
The output light of frequency laser 2, with the parameter of suitable lens group transformation beam and with speculum the direction of propagation of light beam is adjusted, and is made
The output light of the first single-frequency laser 1 realizes that good model is matched with nondegenerate optics cavity 4, and pattern match efficiency is more than
99.5%.Then the light barrier of the second single-frequency laser 2 is decontroled, the light of the second single-frequency laser 2 is also introduced into into nondegenerate optics
Chamber 4, obtains the transmission peaks curve as shown in Fig. 3 (A).Due to the chromatic dispersion principle of grating, if the output of the second single-frequency laser 2
Optical wavelength differs larger with the wavelength of the output light of the first single-frequency laser 1, and the deviation of light beam is larger after grating, therefore second
Single-frequency laser 2 can not realize that good model is matched with nondegenerate optics cavity 4, and the pattern match efficiency difference of two-beam is larger.
We change the output wavelength of the second single-frequency laser 2, when the wavelength difference of two laser instruments reduces, the second single-frequency laser 2
Output light reduced with the deflecting angle of first laser device 1 after grating, the pattern match efficiency difference of two-beam reduces, as a result
As shown in Fig. 3 (B), now the wavelength of two laser instruments is be close to equal.Continue the output wavelength for changing the second single-frequency laser 2,
When the output wavelength of two laser instruments is equal, two laser instrument directions of propagation of light beam after grating are consistent.Therefore, pattern
Matching efficiency is equal, and due to two-beam wavelength it is equal, therefore the resonance condition reached simultaneously in chamber, the transmission peaks of two-beam
Overlap, as a result as shown in Fig. 3 (C), now, the wavelength of two laser instruments is equal.Therefore, by comparing two-beam in nondegenerate light
Learn pattern matching efficiency in chamber 4, it is possible to compare the wavelength difference of two-beam.
Embodiment 2
Be by the use of prism as dispersion element, single-frequency laser wavelength ratio compared with experimental program.Experimental provision such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, including the first single-frequency laser 1, the second single-frequency laser 2, optics bundling device 3, nondegenerate optics cavity 4, dispersion element 5, light
Electric explorer 6, oscillograph 7.First single-frequency laser 1 adopts distributed feedback single frequency optical fiber laser, the output wave of laser instrument
Length can be tuned in the range of 1549.50nm-1550.50nm.Second single-frequency laser 2 adopts another distributed feedback single-frequency
Optical fiber laser, the wavelength of laser instrument can be tuned in the range of 1549.50nm-1550.50nm.In an experiment, we fix
The output wavelength of the first single-frequency laser 1 changes the wavelength of the second single-frequency laser 2 in 1550.303nm.Second single-frequency laser
The tuning manner of device is the two methods of piezoelectric ceramics in the temperature and scan laser for control laser instrument, changes the second single-frequency and swashs
The operating temperature of light device 2 can be realized tuning on a large scale, change the voltage of piezoelectric ceramics on the second single-frequency laser 2 and can realize
Small range is tuned.Polarization direction is identical when the output light of two laser instruments is coupled on optical beam-splitter, and optics bundling device 3 is
One polarization maintaining optical fibre bundling device, including two couple inputs and a coupled output, the output light difference of two laser instruments
Jing fiber couplers are imported in optical-fiber bundling device, now equal in the light beam parameters of the output end two-beam of optical-fiber bundling device, are passed
Broadcast direction consistent.Shu Guang is closed after prism scattering, the output light of the second single-frequency laser 2 is blocked, suitable lens group is used
The parameter of transformation beam and the direction of propagation with speculum regulation light beam, make the output light and nondegenerate of the first single-frequency laser 1
Optics cavity 4 realizes that good model is matched, and pattern match efficiency is more than 99.5%, and prism is made with fused silica material, refraction
Rate is 1.45, and drift angle is 60 degree.Then the light barrier of the second single-frequency laser 2 is decontroled, the light of the second single-frequency laser 2 is also led
Enter nondegenerate optics cavity 4.Due to the chromatic dispersion principle of prism, when the wavelength difference of two laser instruments is larger, two-beam and non-letter
And the pattern match efficiency difference of optics cavity 4 is larger；When the wavelength of two laser instruments is close, two-beam and nondegenerate optics cavity
4 pattern match efficiency difference diminishes；When the wavelength of two laser instruments is equal, the pattern of two-beam and nondegenerate optics cavity 4
Matching efficiency is equal, and transmitted light beam overlaps.Therefore, by comparing two-beam pattern matching efficiency in nondegenerate optics cavity 4,
The wavelength difference of two-beam can just be compared.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art come
Say, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle, some improvement and replacement can also be made, these improve and replace also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of single-frequency laser wavelength ratio compared with method, it is characterised in that using single-frequency laser wavelength ratio compared with device, according to
It is secondary to comprise the steps：
1), by the output light of the output light of the first single-frequency laser (1) and the second single-frequency laser (2) in optics bundling device (3)
Upper conjunction beam, and make that light beam parameters of the two-beam after optics bundling device (3) are identical, position overlaps；
2), Shu Guang will be closed to incide on dispersion element (5)；
3) output light of the first single-frequency laser (1), is blocked, the output light of the second single-frequency laser (2) is imported into nondegenerate light
Learn chamber (4), and adjust light beam and match with nondegenerate optics cavity (4) implementation pattern, pattern match efficiency is by using photodetector
(6) detect the signal after nondegenerate optics cavity (4) to obtain, the output of photodetector (6) is connected with oscillograph (7), read saturating
Penetrate signal；
4) output light of the first single-frequency laser (1), is decontroled, with oscillograph (7) the transmission letter of nondegenerate optics cavity (4) is observed
Number, when the first single-frequency laser (1) and the pattern match efficiency of nondegenerate optics cavity (4) and the second single-frequency laser (2) with it is non-
When the pattern match efficiency of degeneracy optics cavity (4) is close, the output wavelength approximately equal of two laser instruments, when the first single-frequency laser
Device (1) and the pattern match efficiency and the second single-frequency laser (2) of nondegenerate optics cavity (4) and the mould of nondegenerate optics cavity (4)
When formula matching efficiency is equal and transmission peaks overlap, the output wavelength of two laser instruments is equal；
Described single-frequency laser wavelength ratio compared with device, including the first single-frequency laser (1), the second single-frequency laser (2), light
Learn bundling device (3), nondegenerate optics cavity (4), dispersion element (5), photodetector (6), oscillograph (7)；Described first is single
After the output light of frequency laser (1) is coupled with the output light of the second single-frequency laser (2) on optics bundling device (3), Jing dispersions
Element (5) imports nondegenerate optics cavity (4), and the transmitted light of nondegenerate optics cavity (4) is imported in photodetector (6)；Light electrical resistivity survey
Survey device (6) connection oscillograph (7)；Described the first single-frequency laser (1) and the output light of the second single-frequency laser (2) are in optics
Polarization direction is identical when coupling on bundling device (3).
2. a kind of single-frequency laser wavelength ratio according to claims 1 compared with method, it is characterised in that described step
1) method that light beam parameters of the two-beam after optics bundling device (3) are identical, position overlaps is made, is by the first single-frequency laser
(1) output light closes beam with the output light of the second single-frequency laser (2) by optical mirror slip bundling device, imports a nondegenerate light
Learn chamber (4), adjust two-beam respectively with nondegenerate optics cavity (4) pattern match；Or directly beam is closed by optical-fiber bundling device
Realize.
3. a kind of single-frequency laser wavelength ratio according to claims 1 compared with method, it is characterised in that described dispersion
Element (5) is grating or prism.
4. a kind of single-frequency laser wavelength ratio according to claims 1 or 2 compared with method, it is characterised in that it is described
Nondegenerate optics cavity (4) is two mirror chambers or other many mirror chambers.
5. a kind of single-frequency laser wavelength ratio according to claims 1 or 2 compared with method, it is characterised in that it is described
Optics bundling device (3) is optical mirror slip bundling device or optical-fiber bundling device.
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109506788A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-03-22 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Optical wavelength measurement system based on Fourier's mode-locked laser |
| CN109580541B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-12-04 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Optical heterodyne cavity ring-down spectroscopy measurement device and method |
| CN113078552B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-08-30 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Frequency stabilizing device of single-frequency laser based on intracavity self-reference |
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