CN104322319A - 无后墙型日光温室 - Google Patents

无后墙型日光温室 Download PDF

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CN104322319A
CN104322319A CN201410548627.0A CN201410548627A CN104322319A CN 104322319 A CN104322319 A CN 104322319A CN 201410548627 A CN201410548627 A CN 201410548627A CN 104322319 A CN104322319 A CN 104322319A
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heat
thermal insulator
domatic
slope surface
canopy body
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CN104322319B (zh
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丁俊洋
王友福
曹玉梅
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Shouguang Vegetables Industry Group Co ltd That Controls Interest
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14Greenhouses
    • A01G9/1407Greenhouses of flexible synthetic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/04Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A01G7/045Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14Greenhouses
    • A01G9/1438Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Protection Of Plants (AREA)
  • Greenhouses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种无后墙型日光温室,包括棚体,所述棚体包括后坡面保温体和前坡面透光保温体,所述棚体内设有蓄热土堆,所述后坡面保温体包括防水塑料膜,所述防水塑料膜上覆盖有无纺布,所述无纺布表面浇灌有胶水和泥浆混合形成的外防护浆料;所述后坡面保温体的内表面设有吸热层,所述吸热层由胶水和泥浆混合液喷涂形成,所述吸热层的外表面还设有水泥层;能有效保持夜间蔬菜正常生长温度,而且后坡面保温体内壁表面强度高,能有效防止温室内水分渗透入后坡面保温体,后坡面保温体保温效果好。

Description

无后墙型日光温室
技术领域
本发明涉及一种日光温室。
背景技术
现有普通的日光温室多采用下挖取土构筑后墙加后坡型的日光温室,后墙加后坡型日光温室的突出优点是:后墙不但具有隔冷保温功能,而且还具有贮能蓄热功能,白天部分阳光照射在后墙,转化为热能贮存在土墙体内,夜间当温室内气温低于后墙体温度时,后土墙贮存的热能缓慢释放到温室内的空间,使夜间温室内的温度不会低于维持蔬菜正常生长的温度。在地下水位很高的江南地区、土层很浅的草原戈壁地区和沙土地区,由于不能下挖取土建造后墙加后坡型日光温室,而保温拱棚和普通保温后墙温室,由于蓄热保温性能差,在严寒季节不能种植越冬喜高温蔬菜。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种能有效保持夜间蔬菜正常生长温度,而且后坡面保温体内壁表面强度高,能有效防止温室内水分渗透入内墙,墙体保温效果好的无后墙型日光温室。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案是:无后墙型日光温室,包括棚体,所述棚体包括后坡面保温体和前坡面透光保温体,所述棚体内设有蓄热土堆,所述后坡面保温体包括后坡面体,所述后坡面体的外侧表面覆盖有防水塑料膜,所述防水塑料膜上覆盖有无纺布,所述无纺布的表面浇灌有胶水和泥浆混合形成的外防护浆料;所述后坡面体的内侧表面设有吸热层,所述吸热层由胶水和泥浆混合液喷涂形成,所述吸热层的外表面还设有水泥层。
作为优选的技术方案,所述棚体的后侧挖掘后排水沟,所述蓄热土堆由挖掘所述排水沟形成的土堆积而成。
作为优选的技术方案,所述棚体内还设有增温装置和补光装置,所述补光装置包括白炽灯、荧光灯、高压水银灯、金属卤化物灯和LED植物灯。
由于采用了上述技术方案,无后墙型日光温室,包括棚体,所述棚体包括后坡面保温体和前坡面透光保温体,所述棚体内设有蓄热土堆,所述后坡面保温体包括后坡面体,所述后坡面体的外侧表面覆盖有防水塑料膜,所述防水塑料膜上覆盖有无纺布,所述无纺布的表面浇灌有胶水和泥浆混合形成的外防护浆料;所述后坡面体的内侧表面设有吸热层,所述吸热层由胶水和泥浆混合液喷涂形成,所述吸热层的外表面还设有水泥层;所述棚体内设有蓄热土堆,能有效保持夜间蔬菜正常生长温度,后坡面保温体内壁表面强度高,能有效防止温室内水分渗透入后坡面保温体,后坡面保温体保温效果好,而且所述无纺布的表面浇灌有胶水和泥浆混合形成的外防护浆料,防护泥浆凝固后在无纺布表面形成一层防水、防晒、防老化的外防护浆料层,大大提高了防护性能,使用年限长,防雨水、防雪、防冻涨、防风、防草效果好。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的结构示意图;
图2是本发明实施例中后坡面保温体的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1和图2所示,无后墙型日光温室,包括棚体1,所述棚体包括后坡面保温体2和前坡面透光保温体3,所述棚体1内设有蓄热土堆4,蓄热土堆4具有蓄热功能:白天吸收热,夜间释热,保持夜间蔬菜正常生长温度。所述后坡面保温体2包括后坡面体10,所述后坡面体10的外侧表面覆盖有防水塑料膜5,所述防水塑料膜5上覆盖有无纺布6,所述无纺布6的表面浇灌有胶水和泥浆混合形成的外防护浆料7,所述外防护浆料还可以采用微灌的方式,采用微灌的方式可以使得外防护浆料可以缓慢凝固,使得外防护浆料与无纺布的之间的连接更加紧密,而且可以使得凝固后的外防护浆料更加致密;而且所述无纺布的表面浇灌有胶水和泥浆混合形成的外防护浆料,防护泥浆凝固后在无纺布表面形成一层防水、防晒、防老化的外防护浆料层,后坡面保温体防雨水、防雪、防冻涨、防风、防草效果好;施工简单,造价低;外观美观、整齐;而且使用年限长,一般使用期可以达到十年。
所述棚体内还设有增温装置和补光装置12,所述补光装置12包括白炽灯、荧光灯、高压水银灯、金属卤化物灯和LED植物灯。白炽灯是热辐射,红外线比例较大,发光效率低,但价格便宜,主要应用于光周期的照明光源;荧光灯发光效率高、光色好、寿命长、价格低,但单灯功率较小,只用于育苗;高压水银灯功率大、寿命长、光色好,适合温室补光;金属卤化物灯等具有光效高、光色好、寿命长和功率大的特点,是理想的人工补光光源。LED植物灯的波长非常适合植物的生长、开花、结果。通过适合植物所需光谱的LED灯照射,不仅可以促进其生长,而且还可以延长花期,提高花的品质。而把这种补光装置应用到大棚、温室等设施等农业生产上,还可以解决日照不足导致番茄、黄瓜等大棚蔬菜口感下降的弊端。增温装置和补光装置使用时,先启动增温装置,提高棚内温度,当棚内温度升高到适宜蔬菜生长的环境温度时,再开启补光装置,通过智能控制系统控制棚内温度保持在适宜蔬菜生长的环境温度范围内,补光时间满足蔬菜生长需要或基本生理需要时,增温装置和补光装置关闭。
增温装置和补光装置不但可以雾霾连阴灾害天气时避免蔬菜死亡、绝产绝收,而且能够提高蔬菜作物产量、品质,提高效益。应用增温装置和补光装置,可缩短育苗时间,并能使蔬菜的产量增加,提高经济效益。增温装置用于增加棚体内温度,本领域普通技术人员可以采用多种现有技术,实现上述增温装置的功能,所述增温装置的具体结构在此不再赘述,图中也未示出。
优选的,所述棚体1的后侧挖掘后排水沟11,所述蓄热土堆由挖掘所述排水沟11形成的土堆积而成。
所述后坡面体10的内侧表面设有吸热层8,所述吸热层8由胶水和泥浆混合液喷涂形成,所述吸热层的外表面还设有水泥层9。水泥层9用毛刷式排笔涂刷水泥浆形成的,提高了后坡面保温体内壁表面强度,提高了使用寿命。能有效防止温室内水分渗透入后坡面保温体,后坡面保温体保温效果好,而且水泥层为黑色,能提高后坡面保温体吸热贮能能力。而且水泥层导热性能高于土壤,提高了热量传导能力。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围内的情况下,在其他实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合于本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (3)

1.无后墙型日光温室,其特征在于:包括棚体,所述棚体包括后坡面保温体和前坡面透光保温体,所述棚体内设有蓄热土堆,所述后坡面保温体包括后坡面体,所述后坡面体的外侧表面覆盖有防水塑料膜,所述防水塑料膜上覆盖有无纺布,所述无纺布的表面浇灌有胶水和泥浆混合形成的外防护浆料;所述后坡面体的内侧表面设有吸热层,所述吸热层由胶水和泥浆混合液喷涂形成,所述吸热层的外表面还设有水泥层。
2.如权利要求1所述的无后墙型日光温室,其特征在于:所述棚体的后侧挖掘后排水沟,所述蓄热土堆由挖掘所述排水沟形成的土堆积而成。
3.如权利要求1所述的无后墙型日光温室,其特征在于:所述棚体内还设有增温装置和补光装置,所述补光装置包括白炽灯、荧光灯、高压水银灯、金属卤化物灯和LED植物灯。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107371898A (zh) * 2017-08-30 2017-11-24 农业部环境保护科研监测所 太阳能温室大棚
CN111133925A (zh) * 2020-02-10 2020-05-12 赵为娜 一种板蓝根生产装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2567973Y (zh) * 2002-09-17 2003-08-27 李凯 一种高效节能型日光温室
CN201163909Y (zh) * 2008-01-22 2008-12-17 岳林青 环保生态日光节能温室
CN101627708A (zh) * 2009-07-30 2010-01-20 任志鹏 环保节能预制构件组合式日光能温室大棚
CN204191257U (zh) * 2014-10-16 2015-03-11 寿光蔬菜产业控股集团有限公司 无后墙型日光温室

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2567973Y (zh) * 2002-09-17 2003-08-27 李凯 一种高效节能型日光温室
CN201163909Y (zh) * 2008-01-22 2008-12-17 岳林青 环保生态日光节能温室
CN101627708A (zh) * 2009-07-30 2010-01-20 任志鹏 环保节能预制构件组合式日光能温室大棚
CN204191257U (zh) * 2014-10-16 2015-03-11 寿光蔬菜产业控股集团有限公司 无后墙型日光温室

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107371898A (zh) * 2017-08-30 2017-11-24 农业部环境保护科研监测所 太阳能温室大棚
CN111133925A (zh) * 2020-02-10 2020-05-12 赵为娜 一种板蓝根生产装置
CN111133925B (zh) * 2020-02-10 2021-08-24 江西裕康医药有限公司 一种板蓝根生产装置

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Denomination of invention: Solar greenhouse without back wall

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Granted publication date: 20170104

Pledgee: Shandong Shouguang Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd.

Pledgor: SHOUGUANG VEGETABLE INDUSTRY HOLDING GROUP Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2021980008276

PC01 Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right
PC01 Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right

Date of cancellation: 20230519

Granted publication date: 20170104

Pledgee: Shandong Shouguang Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd.

Pledgor: SHOUGUANG VEGETABLE INDUSTRY HOLDING GROUP CO.,LTD.

Registration number: Y2021980008276

PE01 Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right
PE01 Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right

Denomination of invention: No back wall solar greenhouse

Effective date of registration: 20230706

Granted publication date: 20170104

Pledgee: Shandong Shouguang Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd.

Pledgor: SHOUGUANG VEGETABLE INDUSTRY HOLDING GROUP CO.,LTD.

Registration number: Y2023980047651