CN104319820A - Method for coordinating and optimizing transmitting capacity of multiple small hydropower station groups based on practical dynamic security region - Google Patents

Method for coordinating and optimizing transmitting capacity of multiple small hydropower station groups based on practical dynamic security region Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104319820A
CN104319820A CN201410490776.6A CN201410490776A CN104319820A CN 104319820 A CN104319820 A CN 104319820A CN 201410490776 A CN201410490776 A CN 201410490776A CN 104319820 A CN104319820 A CN 104319820A
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small hydropower
hydropower system
unit
critical
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CN104319820B (en
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刘蔚
赵勇
吴琛
李玲芳
黄伟
张丹
陈雁
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YUNNAN ELECTRIC POWER DISPATCH CONTROL CENTER
CSG Electric Power Research Institute
Research Institute of Southern Power Grid Co Ltd
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YUNNAN ELECTRIC POWER DISPATCH CONTROL CENTER
Research Institute of Southern Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/003—Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand

Abstract

The invention provides a method for coordinating and optimizing the transmitting capacity of multiple small hydropower station groups based on a practical dynamic security region. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting variables in a critical hyper-plane equation (as shown in the description) in a practical dynamic security region, wherein Pi is the variable of injected active power in a grid, ai is the coefficient of the equation, and n is the number of the variables; (2) solving the coefficient ai of the critical hyper-plane equation; and (3) constructing a multi-small-hydropower-station-group transmitting coordination and optimization model with the critical hyper plane as the constraint condition and solving the equation by a linear programming method. By adopting the method for coordinating and optimizing the transmitting capacity of multiple small hydropower station groups based on a practical dynamic security region, the transmitting capacities of multiple small hydropower station groups can be coordinated, and an optimization result with the maximum total transmitting capability can be obtained.

Description

Many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region send Capacity Coordination optimization method
Technical field
The present invention belongs to field of power, is specifically related to the coordination optimizing method that a kind of many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region send ability.
Background technology
In the area that small hydropower resources enriches generally away from load center, weak with grid contact, therefore the ability of sending of small hydropower system is mainly subject to the restriction of dynamic stability problem.And when multiple small hydropower system concentrate send time, unit between different small hydropower system often influences each other owing to participating in identical oscillation mode, thus cause the ability of sending of small hydropower system also to influence each other, what increase that the ability of sending of a small hydropower system may reduce another small hydropower system sends ability.
The ability of sending of small hydropower system is general only carries out for single small hydropower system unit, and the constellation of the ability of sending of multiple small hydropower system is not generally considered.How to describe influencing each other of the ability of sending of multiple small hydropower system, and the maximum research of the ability of always sending realizing multiple small hydropower system is less.Therefore study the coordination optimizing method that a kind of many small hydropower system send ability, realize that the ability of always sending of multiple small hydropower system is maximum has practical value.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of based on many small hydropower system of practical state security domain send the coordination optimizing method of ability, the present invention can send Capacity Coordination by multiple small hydropower system, realizes the object that the total ability of sending of many small hydropower system is maximum.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The many small hydropower system that the present invention is based on Practical Dynamic Security Region send Capacity Coordination optimization method, and the many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region send Capacity Coordination optimization method, it is characterized in that including following steps:
1) critical hyperplane equation in Practical Dynamic Security Region is selected in variable, wherein P iinject meritorious power and variable in electrical network, α ibe equation coefficient, n is variable number;
2) factor alpha of critical hyperplane equation is solved i;
3) set up the Coordination and Optimization Model sent with critical hyperplane many small hydropower system that are constraints, and adopt Linear Programming.
A kind of many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region provided by the invention send Capacity Coordination optimization method, can coordinate the size of exerting oneself of multiple small hydropower system, obtain the optimum results that total ability of sending is maximum.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that the many small hydropower system that the present invention is based on Practical Dynamic Security Region send Capacity Coordination optimization method.
Embodiment
The many small hydropower system that the present invention is based on Practical Dynamic Security Region send Capacity Coordination optimization method, include following steps:
1) critical hyperplane equation in Practical Dynamic Security Region is selected in variable, wherein P iinject meritorious power and variable in electrical network, α ibe equation coefficient, n is variable number;
2) factor alpha of critical hyperplane equation is solved i;
3) set up the Coordination and Optimization Model sent with critical hyperplane many small hydropower system that are constraints, and adopt Linear Programming.
Described step 1) comprise the following steps:
11) by simulation calculation determine to restrict small hydropower system send ability Critical inertial modes and the participation factors of generating set, and using the candidate variables collection of the injection active power of each unit as hyperplane equation;
12) according to the capacity of candidate's unit, position and participation factors size, therefrom filter out corresponding unit, be injected into the variable of active power as hyperplane equation.
Described step 11) in, first transient stability time-domain-simulation is utilized, determine the section that restriction small hydropower system is sent and constraint fault, then utilize Pu Luoni (Prony) to analyze and obtain corresponding Critical inertial modes, finally utilize dynamic stability simulation in the frequency-domain, determine to participate in the generating set that the participation factors of Critical inertial modes is large.
Described step 12) in, small power station's side unit and major network side unit is divided into according to the position that candidate's unit sends section at small hydropower system, to major network side unit, according to the size of candidate's unit participation factors, retain and participate in the more unit of control oscillation modes, other units and load inject as constant process.To small power station's side unit, according to the size of candidate's unit participation factors and capacity, retain and participate in the more unit of control oscillation modes, the unit that reserve capacity is larger, all the other small power station's units carry out classification merging by sending branch road.Load injects as constant process.
Described step 2) comprise the following steps:
21) mode by increasing unit output gradually searches the critical temperature rise (P that small hydropower system sends the limit i0, P 20..., P n0), this critical temperature rise is positioned on critical hyperplane, namely meets Σ i = 1 n α i P i 0 = 1 ;
22) at above-mentioned critical temperature rise place, optional variable P kand P m, search two new critical temperature rise (P by increasing and decreasing corresponding unit output k+ △ P k1, P m+ △ P m1) and (P k+ △ P k2, P m+ △ P m2).Substitute into equation α can be obtained mwith α krelational expression: in like manner obtain other coefficient and α krelation: α i=K ikα k.By critical temperature rise (P i0, P 20..., P n0) and α i=K ikα k, substitute into equation obtain coefficient value α i = K ik P k 0 + Σ i = 1 n K ik P i 0 .
Described step 22) in, the concrete grammar calculating hyperplane equation coefficient is: 1. at critical temperature rise place, selects arbitrarily an active power to inject variable P kfor known quantity, its hyperplane coefficient is α k, it is P that active power to be asked injects variable m, hyperplane coefficient is α m, other injecting power is as constant.Two critical temperature rise (P on critical hyperplane are searched by increasing and decreasing corresponding unit output k+ △ P k1, P m+ △ P m1) and (P k+ △ P k2, P m+ △ P m2).2. according to hyperplane equation two critical temperature rise with obtaining, can obtain α kand α mproportionate relationship, 3. other coefficient and α can be obtained by above method kproportionate relationship: α i=K ikα k.4. according to the proportionate relationship between critical temperature rise and coefficient, coefficient value is tried to achieve α i = K ik P k 0 + Σ i = 1 n K ik P i 0 .
Described step 3) comprise the following steps:
31) optimization aim that small hydropower system is coordinated to send is wherein P bkthat a kth small hydropower system sends section power.If load bus power is constant, then sends power and can be described as incremental form, namely wherein △ P iit is the active power increment of i-th unit.Now small hydropower system coordination optimum sends problem can be converted into unit injection node increment coordination optimal problem, namely Max Σ k = 1 m ( Σ i ∈ S k Δ P i ) .
32) coordination of small hydropower system is sent and can be described as following optimization problem:
Optimization aim: Max Σ k = 1 m ( Σ i ∈ S k Δ P i )
Constraints: a 11 a 12 · · · a 1 n a 21 a 22 · · · a 2 n · · · · · · · · · · · · a m 1 a n 2 · · · a mn P 1 P 2 · · · P n ≤ 1 - ϵ 1 1 - ϵ 2 · · · 1 - ϵ m
P imin≤P i≤P imax，i＝1,2,…n
Wherein S kbe belong to all meritorious injection node set that a kth small hydropower system sends, constraints is the critical hyperplane constraint specification that each small hydropower system is sent is matrix form.ε mthe margin of safety that m small hydropower system is sent, P iminand P imaxthe meritorious upper lower limit value injecting node Pi respectively.
This optimization problem belongs to linear programming problem, and Matlab linear programming function can be adopted to solve.
33) small hydropower system after checking optimization sends the raising effect of ability.
Described step 31) comprise the following steps:
The power that small hydropower system sends section can be determined jointly by gain merit injecting power and load of the unit of small power station side, namely wherein S kthe injection node set of all units belonging to a kth small hydropower system, wherein L kthat all loads belonging to a kth small hydropower system inject node set.Calculating for simplifying, supposing that the initial power that small hydropower system is sent is P bk0, the initial power that each unit injects is P i0, the initial power of each load bus is constant, then the small hydropower system after optimizing is sent power and can be described as incremental form, namely now the coordination optimum of small hydropower system sends problem, can be converted into the increment coordination optimal problem that all units inject node, can be described as:
Optimization aim: Max Σ k = 1 m ( Σ i ∈ S k Δ P i )
Constraints: a 11 a 12 · · · a 1 n a 21 a 22 · · · a 2 n · · · · · · · · · · · · a m 1 a n 2 · · · a mn P 1 P 2 · · · P n ≤ 1 - ϵ 1 1 - ϵ 2 · · · 1 - ϵ m
P imin≤P i≤P imax，i＝1,2,…n
Wherein S kbe belong to all meritorious injection node set that a kth small hydropower system sends, constraints is the critical hyperplane constraint specification that each small hydropower system is sent is matrix form.ε mthe margin of safety that m small hydropower system is sent, P iminand P imaxmeritorious injection node P respectively iupper lower limit value.
Described step 32) in, the target function of optimization problem and constraints are all linear functions of node active power, utilize Matlab software can solve above linear programming problem, obtain the coordination optimal result that each small hydropower system sends ability.
Described step 33) in, carry out separately the optimization of small hydropower system, compare with the result of complex optimum, then calculate the optimum results under different margin of safety, authenticating security nargin is on the impact sending ability.
Below in conjunction with the application in actual electric network, the present invention will be further described.
Adopt the send watt level of the inventive method to Baoshan of Yunnan Power System West Yunnan, Nujiang and enlightening celebrating small hydropower system to carry out coordination optimization, totally send ability with what improve three small hydropower system, verify the validity of the inventive method.Specific implementation process is as follows:
Step one: by transient stability time-domain-simulation N-1 fault scanning, is determined that the restriction Baoshan, Nujiang and enlightening are celebrated this small hydropower system and sent section and constraint fault, is analyzed obtain corresponding Critical inertial modes frequency by Prony.Then scanned by dynamic stability simulation in the frequency-domain, carry out model analysis to Critical inertial modes, determine to participate in the generating set that the participation factors of Critical inertial modes is large, result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 Critical inertial modes and the large unit of participation factors
Step 2: unit is divided into small power station's side unit and major network side unit according to the limited section that small hydropower system is sent.To major network side unit, retain and participate in the more unit of control oscillation modes, other units and load inject as constant process.Small power station's side unit, retains and participates in the more unit of control oscillation modes, the unit that reserve capacity is larger, and all the other small power station's units carry out classification merging by sending branch road.Load injects as constant process.Dimensionality reduction the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 small hydropower system active power Injection Space dimensionality reduction result table
Step 3: adopt the critical hyperplane method for solving improved to obtain the coefficient of hyperplane equation.Mode sends limit critical temperature rise by the mode progressively increasing unit output one of searching Baoshan small hydropower system, then utilizes this critical temperature rise, calculates the proportionate relationship in hyperplane equation between each coefficient and numerical value.Recycling the method obtains ratio in Nujiang and enlightening celebrating small hydropower system hyperplane equation between coefficient and numerical value.Result of calculation is in table 3.
Table 3 small hydropower system sends main critical hyperplane equation coefficient table
Step 4: the coordination optimum that the Baoshan, Nujiang and enlightening celebrate small hydropower system is sent problem, is converted into unit and injects node increment coordination optimal problem, be namely converted into wherein △ P 9=△ P ah turtledove field, namely in table 3, gain merit injecting power increment in the 9th corresponding unit Ah turtledove field, by that analogy.
Step 5: utilize Matlab to solve above-mentioned linear programming problem, obtain optimal solution result.According to result after optimization, the Baoshan, Nujiang and enlightening celebrating water power group unit can increase respectively again and send 15MW, 42MW and 10MW on initial launch point basis.
Step 6: the small hydropower system after checking optimization sends the raising effect of ability.
Table 4 gives individually optimizes the optimum results that the Baoshan, Nujiang and enlightening celebrate small hydropower system.As can be seen from result of calculation, a single optimization small hydropower system send result, to be greater than in complex optimum result the corresponding optimal value sending section, but global optimization result is far short of what is expected.Namely by complex optimum, that can coordinate multiple small hydropower system sends ability, reaches comprehensive optimum result.
In order to ensure safe operation, need in actual motion to arrange certain margin of safety.Table 5 gives the result of calculation under different margin of safety.Can find out, along with the increase of margin of safety, the limit of sending of each small hydropower system progressively declines.
Optimum results contrast table under table 4 Different Optimization target
The different margin of safety of table 5 table is affected on optimum results
The present invention has done detailed description and description in conjunction with practical application to enforcement of the present invention; above embodiment is only the preferred embodiments of the invention; illustrate just to help reader to understand spirit of the present invention better; and not limiting the scope of the invention, any improvement of doing based on invention spirit of the present invention or modification all should drop within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region send a Capacity Coordination optimization method, it is characterized in that including following steps:
1) critical hyperplane equation in Practical Dynamic Security Region is selected in variable, wherein P iinject meritorious power and variable in electrical network, α ibe equation coefficient, n is variable number;
2) factor alpha of critical hyperplane equation is solved i;
3) set up the Coordination and Optimization Model sent with critical hyperplane many small hydropower system that are constraints, and adopt Linear Programming.
2. the many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region according to claim 1 send Capacity Coordination optimization method, it is characterized in that described step 1) comprise the following steps:
11) by simulation calculation determine to restrict small hydropower system send ability Critical inertial modes and the participation factors of generating set, and using the candidate variables collection of the injection active power of each unit as hyperplane equation;
12) according to the capacity of candidate's unit, position and participation factors size, therefrom filter out corresponding unit, be injected into the variable of active power as hyperplane equation.
3. the many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region according to claim 2 send Capacity Coordination optimization method, it is characterized in that described step 11) in, first transient stability time-domain-simulation is utilized, determine the section that restriction small hydropower system is sent and constraint fault, then utilize Pu Luoni (Prony) to analyze and obtain corresponding Critical inertial modes, finally utilize dynamic stability simulation in the frequency-domain, determine to participate in the generating set that the participation factors of Critical inertial modes is large.
4. the many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region according to claim 2 send Capacity Coordination optimization method, it is characterized in that described step 12) in, small power station's side unit and major network side unit is divided into according to the position that candidate's unit sends section at small hydropower system, to major network side unit, according to the size of candidate's unit participation factors, retain and participate in the more unit of control oscillation modes, other units and load inject as constant process; To small power station's side unit, according to the size of candidate's unit participation factors and capacity, retain and participate in the more unit of control oscillation modes, the unit that reserve capacity is larger, all the other small power station's units carry out classification merging by sending branch road, and load injects as constant process.
5. the many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region according to claim 1 send Capacity Coordination optimization method, it is characterized in that described step 2) comprise the following steps:
21) mode by increasing unit output gradually searches the critical temperature rise (P that small hydropower system sends the limit i0, P 20..., P n0), this critical temperature rise is positioned on critical hyperplane, namely meets Σ i = 1 n α i P i 0 = 1 ;
22) at above-mentioned critical temperature rise place, optional variable P kand P m, search two new critical temperature rise (P by increasing and decreasing corresponding unit output k+ △ P k1, P m+ △ P m1) and (P k+ △ P k2, P m+ △ P m2), substitute into equation obtain α mwith α krelational expression: in like manner obtain other coefficient and α krelation: α i=K ikα k, by critical temperature rise (P i0, P 20..., P n0) and α i=K ikα k, substitute into equation obtain coefficient value α i = K ik P k 0 + Σ i = 1 n K ik P i 0 .
6. the many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region according to claim 5 send Capacity Coordination optimization method, it is characterized in that described step 22) in, the concrete grammar calculating hyperplane equation coefficient is: 1. at critical temperature rise place, selects arbitrarily an active power to inject variable P kfor known quantity, its hyperplane coefficient is α k, it is P that active power to be asked injects variable m, hyperplane coefficient is α m, other injecting power, as constant, searches two critical temperature rise (P on critical hyperplane by increasing and decreasing corresponding unit output k+ △ P k1, P m+ △ P m1) and (P k+ △ P k2, P m+ △ P m2), 2. according to hyperplane equation two critical temperature rise with obtaining, obtain α kand α mproportionate relationship, 3. other coefficient and α is obtained by above method kproportionate relationship: α i=K ikα k, 4. according to the proportionate relationship between critical temperature rise and coefficient, try to achieve coefficient value
7. the many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region according to claim 1 send Capacity Coordination optimization method, it is characterized in that described step 3) comprise the following steps:
31) optimization aim that small hydropower system is coordinated to send is wherein P bkbe that a kth small hydropower system sends section power, if load bus power is constant, then sends power and be described as incremental form, namely wherein △ P ibe the active power increment of i-th unit, now small hydropower system coordination optimum is sent problem and is converted into unit injection node increment coordination optimal problem, namely Max Σ k = 1 m ( Σ i ∈ S k Δ P i ) ;
32) coordination of small hydropower system is sent and is described as following optimization problem:
Optimization aim: Max Σ k = 1 m ( Σ i ∈ S k Δ P i )
Constraints: a 11 a 12 · · · a 1 n a 21 a 22 · · · a 2 n · · · · · · · · · · · · a m 1 a n 2 · · · a mn P 1 P 2 · · · P n ≤ 1 - ϵ 1 1 - ϵ 2 · · · 1 - ϵ m
P i?min≤P i≤P imax，i＝1,2,…n
Wherein S kbe belong to all meritorious injection node set that a kth small hydropower system sends, constraints is the critical hyperplane constraint specification that each small hydropower system is sent is matrix form; ε mthe margin of safety that m small hydropower system is sent, P iminand P imaxmeritorious injection node P respectively iupper lower limit value;
33) small hydropower system after checking optimization sends the raising effect of ability.
8. the many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region according to claim 7 send Capacity Coordination optimization method, it is characterized in that described step 31) comprise the following steps:
The small hydropower system power of sending section is determined jointly by gain merit injecting power and load of the unit of small power station side, namely wherein S kthe injection node set of all units belonging to a kth small hydropower system, wherein L kbe that all loads belonging to a kth small hydropower system inject node set, calculate for simplifying, supposing that the initial power that small hydropower system is sent is P bk0, the initial power that each unit injects is P i0, the initial power of each load bus is constant, then the small hydropower system after optimizing is sent power and is described as incremental form, namely now the coordination optimum of small hydropower system sends problem, is converted into the increment coordination optimal problem that all units inject node, is described as:
Optimization aim: Max Σ k = 1 m ( Σ i ∈ S k Δ P i )
Constraints: a 11 a 12 · · · a 1 n a 21 a 22 · · · a 2 n · · · · · · · · · · · · a m 1 a n 2 · · · a mn P 1 P 2 · · · P n ≤ 1 - ϵ 1 1 - ϵ 2 · · · 1 - ϵ m
P imin≤P i≤P imax，i＝1,2,…n
Wherein S kbe belong to all meritorious injection node set that a kth small hydropower system sends, constraints is the critical hyperplane constraint specification that each small hydropower system is sent is matrix form, ε mthe margin of safety that m small hydropower system is sent, P iminand P imaxmeritorious injection node P respectively iupper lower limit value.
9. the many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region according to claim 7 send Capacity Coordination optimization method, it is characterized in that described step 32) in, the target function of optimization problem and constraints are all linear functions of node active power, solve above linear programming problem, obtain the coordination optimal result that each small hydropower system sends ability.
10. the many small hydropower system based on Practical Dynamic Security Region according to claim 7 send Capacity Coordination optimization method, it is characterized in that described step 33) in, carry out separately the optimization of small hydropower system, compare with the result of complex optimum, then calculate the optimum results under different margin of safety, authenticating security nargin is on the impact sending ability.
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