CN107332239B - Power transmission and distribution network coordinated planning method based on power distribution network equivalence - Google Patents
Power transmission and distribution network coordinated planning method based on power distribution network equivalence Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power transmission and distribution network coordinated planning method based on power distribution network equivalence. The method comprises the steps of firstly establishing a power distribution network equivalent model based on a universal outage table. And secondly, on the basis of the established equivalent model of each power distribution network, performing probability load flow calculation on the power transmission network side by adopting an analytical method or a simulation method. And finally, obtaining the required power grid planning evaluation index to evaluate the power grid planning scheme. The method adopts a power distribution network equivalence form, and realizes the coordinated planning of the power transmission and distribution network by taking the influence of the power distribution network side on the power transmission network into consideration during power grid planning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a power transmission and distribution network coordinated planning method based on power distribution network equivalence, which considers the influence of power distribution network side randomness on a power transmission network side.
Background
Grid planning (i.e., power grid planning) is an important component of power system planning, and it works to determine the optimal grid structure to meet the need for economically reliable delivery of power based on load growth during planning and power supply planning schemes. Since conventional distribution networks are "passive" receiving networks, the influence of the randomness and uncertainty of the distribution network side on the transmission network side is usually not considered in past grid planning. Particularly, with the rapid development of renewable energy, the power distribution network is changed from the original 'passive' network to the 'active' network, the line flow of the power distribution network is also greatly changed, and the output of the renewable energy has randomness and uncertainty, so that the influence of the power distribution network side on the power transmission network side becomes a factor which is not ignored when the power grid is planned. With the higher proportion of renewable energy in the power grid, the power distribution network is still regarded as a deterministic single load model in the power grid planning, so that serious potential safety hazards are likely to exist in the future uncertain environment, and a large amount of compensation investment cost is caused once an accident occurs.
Therefore, a power transmission and distribution network coordination planning method considering the influence of the randomness of the power distribution network side on the power transmission network side is needed to meet the requirement of future power network planning.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power transmission and distribution network coordinated planning method based on power distribution network equivalence.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
1) establishing a power distribution network equivalent model based on a universal outage table;
2) performing probability load flow calculation on the power transmission network side by adopting an analytical method or a simulation method, wherein in the probability load flow calculation, a corresponding power distribution network is equivalent to an input variable or a random factor calculated in the probability load flow calculation according to a power distribution network equivalent model;
3) and acquiring a required power transmission network planning evaluation index according to the probability load flow calculation result, and evaluating a power network planning scheme according to the evaluation index.
The step 1) specifically comprises the following steps: and calculating the outage capacity and the corresponding probability distribution of the distribution network side according to the output characteristic curve of the renewable energy sources at the distribution network side and the power demand curve of the load to obtain the equivalent model of the distribution network.
The distribution network equivalent model comprises equivalent distribution network outage capacity determined according to discretized outage capacity distribution
And corresponding exact probability PiAnd cumulative probability Pi *(ii) a Cumulative probability Pi *The shutdown capacity is not less than
Is a probability of, exactly, PiTo make the outage capacity equal to
Probability of (c):
wherein i is 0,1, …, n, n +1 is the state number of the outage capacity of the distribution network after the equivalence,
representing a power distribution grid outage capacity variable.
The flow of the analytic method in the probabilistic power flow calculation comprises the following steps: and calculating the central moments of each order of the node injection power according to the probability distribution of the outage capacity in the equivalent model of the power distribution network and the probability characteristics of the generator set on the power transmission network side.
The flow of the analytic method in the probabilistic power flow calculation further comprises the following steps:
2.1.1) calculating corresponding order semi-invariant of the node injection power according to each order central moment of the node injection power and the relation between the semi-invariant and the central moment;
2.1.2) calculating the semi-invariant of the node state variable and the semi-invariant of the line state variable according to the semi-invariant of each order of the node injection power;
2.1.3) according to the semi-invariants of the node state variables and the semi-invariants of the line state variables obtained in the step 2.1.2), performing Gram-Charlier series expansion on distribution obeyed by each semi-invariant, and then obtaining probability density functions and probability distribution functions of each state variable.
The process of the simulation method in the probability load flow calculation comprises the following steps: sampling outage capacity of a power distribution network side and random factors of a power transmission network side, and obtaining a power grid planning scene after one-time sampling.
The process of the simulation method in the probability load flow calculation further comprises the following steps:
2.2.1) carrying out deterministic load flow calculation on all the obtained power grid planning scenes, and obtaining a sample point in state quantity probability distribution after each time of completing the deterministic load flow calculation;
2.2.2) fitting the probability density function of the state quantity according to all the obtained sample points, and further obtaining the probability distribution condition of the state quantity.
The evaluation index is selected from safety, reliability or economic index.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention establishes the equivalent model of the power distribution network based on the general outage table, can convert the random characteristics of random factors in the power distribution network into probability distribution, and can better reflect the influence of the probability distribution on the output characteristics of the power transmission network side. In addition, the value models can be simultaneously applied to the probability load flow calculation of an analytic method and a simulation method. Based on the equivalent model of the power distribution network, the power distribution network and the power transmission network can be combined, the coordinated planning of the power transmission and distribution network can be realized, and the method has a certain guiding effect on the formulation of a future power distribution network planning scheme.
Furthermore, the power distribution network equivalent model is established on the basis of discretization capacity distribution and probability distribution thereof, and the power distribution network equivalent model can be simplified by forming a power distribution side general-purpose stop table by using various uncertain or random factors on the power distribution network side through a conventional mathematical method (such as convolution).
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of power transmission and distribution network coordination planning based on power distribution network equivalence.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The examples are intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a power transmission and distribution network coordinated planning method based on power distribution network equivalence, which comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, according to an output characteristic curve of renewable energy sources at the side of a power distribution network and a power demand curve of a load, obtaining discretization outage capacity distribution of the renewable energy sources and the load at the side of the power distribution network and corresponding exact probability and cumulative probability; according to the selected step length, discretizing the output characteristic curve of the renewable energy sources and the power demand curve of the load in the power distribution network respectively, counting the occurrence time of each output state of the discretized renewable energy sources and each power demand state of the load, determining the exact probability and the cumulative probability of each output state of the discretized renewable energy sources and each power demand state of the load by calculating the proportion of the occurrence time and the total time of each state, and establishing respective outage tables of the renewable energy sources and the load according to each output and power demand state after discretization and the corresponding exact probability and cumulative probability.
The renewable energy sources and the loads are convoluted one by one in the outage tables respectively, so that a general outage table model of the power distribution network shown in the table 1, namely an equivalent model of the power distribution network, can be established:
TABLE 1. distribution network equivalence model based on general outage table
i＝0,1,…,n，
In order to minimize the capacity for outages,
in order to maximize the capacity of the outage,
the discretized outage capacity of the power distribution network is obtained.
Pi *For cumulative probability, it means that the outage capacity of the distribution network is greater than or equal to
Probability of (c):
Pito exact probability, i.e. outage capacity equal to
Probability of (c):
the convolution process is exemplified as follows:
wherein n isa+1 is the number of outage capacity states of the outage table, nb+1 is the number of outage capacity states of the b outage table,
the exact probability P of the outage capacity state k in the outage table c obtained after convolution of the outage tables a and bk *cThe cumulative probability of the outage capacity state k in the c outage table obtained after the convolution of the two outage tables a and b is 0,1, …, nc，nc＝na+nb。
Outage capacity in general outage meters for power distribution networks
Maximum value of (2) is the maximum value of power demand of the distribution network, and outage capacity
Minimum value of (2) is the minimum value of the power demand of the distribution network, the outage capacity
The ranges from the outage capacity minimum to the maximum are arranged in steps.
And secondly, aiming at a certain power grid planning scheme, on the basis of the established general outage table model of each power distribution network, performing probability load flow calculation on the power transmission network side by adopting an analytical method or a simulation method.
The flow of the analytic method (e.g., the semi-invariant method) in the probabilistic power flow calculation is as follows:
1) calculating the central moments of all orders of node injection power (generally calculating to seven orders to meet the precision requirement) according to the probability distribution of outage capacity in a power distribution network general outage table and the probability characteristics of a power transmission network side generator set;
2) calculating corresponding order semi-invariant of the injection power according to the central moments of each order of the node injection power and the relation between the semi-invariant and the central moments;
3) calculating the semi-invariants of the node state variables and the semi-invariants of the line state variables according to the semi-invariants of each order of the node injection power, the sensitivity matrix and the transfer matrix;
4) and performing Gram-Charlie series expansion on the obeyed distribution of the state variable according to the semi-invariant of the state variable, and then performing translation and stretching operations to obtain the probability density and the probability distribution function of the state variable.
The flow of the simulation method (for example, monte carlo simulation method) in the probabilistic power flow calculation is as follows:
1) sampling the outage capacity of the power distribution network according to a general outage table of the power distribution network, and completing sampling of the outage tables of all the power distribution networks once to obtain a power distribution network planning scene;
2) performing deterministic load flow calculation on a power grid planning scene, and acquiring a sample point in state quantity probability distribution every time the deterministic load flow calculation is completed;
3) and fitting the probability function of the state quantity according to the obtained plurality of sample points to obtain the probability distribution condition of the state quantity such as node voltage, branch power and the like.
And thirdly, obtaining evaluation indexes such as safety, reliability, economy and the like commonly used in power grid planning through probability load flow calculation, such as 'N-1' check (safety), such as electric quantity shortage expected value, power supply reliability (reliability), such as construction economy and operation economy (economy) indexes, so as to evaluate a power grid planning scheme. The specific evaluation index acquisition and evaluation process can be referred to the methods described in the literature. For example, "zeyan, comprehensive evaluation method for power grid planning research and application [ D ]. tianjin university.2008".
Claims (6)
1. A power transmission and distribution network coordinated planning method based on power distribution network equivalence is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) establishing a power distribution network equivalent model based on a universal outage table;
2) performing probability load flow calculation on the power transmission network side by adopting an analytical method or a simulation method, wherein in the probability load flow calculation, a corresponding power distribution network is equivalent to an input variable or a random factor calculated in the probability load flow calculation according to a power distribution network equivalent model;
3) acquiring a required power transmission network planning evaluation index according to a probability load flow calculation result, and evaluating a power network planning scheme according to the evaluation index;
the step 1) specifically comprises the following steps: calculating outage capacity and corresponding probability distribution of the power distribution network side according to an output characteristic curve of renewable energy sources at the power distribution network side and a power demand curve of a load to obtain an equivalent model of the power distribution network;
the distribution network equivalent model comprises equivalent distribution network outage capacity determined according to discretized outage capacity distribution
And corresponding exact probability PiAnd cumulative probability Pi *(ii) a Cumulative probability Pi *The shutdown capacity is not less than
Is a probability of, exactly, PiTo make the outage capacity equal to
Probability of (c):
wherein i is 0,1, …, n, n +1 is the state number of the outage capacity of the distribution network after the equivalence,
representing a power distribution grid outage capacity variable.
2. The power transmission and distribution network equivalent value-based power transmission and distribution network coordination planning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flow of the analytic method in the probabilistic power flow calculation comprises the following steps: and calculating the central moments of each order of the node injection power according to the probability distribution of the outage capacity in the equivalent model of the power distribution network and the probability characteristics of the generator set on the power transmission network side.
3. The power transmission and distribution network equivalent value-based power transmission and distribution network coordination planning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the flow of the analytic method in the probabilistic power flow calculation further comprises the following steps:
2.1.1) calculating corresponding order semi-invariant of the node injection power according to each order central moment of the node injection power and the relation between the semi-invariant and the central moment;
2.1.2) calculating the semi-invariant of the node state variable and the semi-invariant of the line state variable according to the semi-invariant of each order of the node injection power;
2.1.3) according to the semi-invariants of the node state variables and the semi-invariants of the line state variables obtained in the step 2.1.2), performing Gram-Charlier series expansion on distribution obeyed by each semi-invariant, and then obtaining probability density functions and probability distribution functions of each state variable.
4. The power transmission and distribution network equivalent value-based power transmission and distribution network coordination planning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the process of the simulation method in the probability load flow calculation comprises the following steps: sampling outage capacity of a power distribution network side and random factors of a power transmission network side, and obtaining a power grid planning scene after one-time sampling.
5. The power transmission and distribution network equivalent value-based power transmission and distribution network coordination planning method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the process of the simulation method in the probability load flow calculation further comprises the following steps:
2.2.1) carrying out deterministic load flow calculation on all the obtained power grid planning scenes, and obtaining a sample point in state quantity probability distribution after each time of completing the deterministic load flow calculation;
2.2.2) fitting the probability density function of the state quantity according to all the obtained sample points, and further obtaining the probability distribution condition of the state quantity.
6. The power transmission and distribution network equivalent value-based power transmission and distribution network coordination planning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the evaluation index is selected from safety, reliability or economic index.
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