CN104318021A - Electromagnetic simulation method for large ship target through various high-frequency electromagnetic scattering - Google Patents
Electromagnetic simulation method for large ship target through various high-frequency electromagnetic scattering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic simulation method for a large ship target through various high-frequency electromagnetic scattering and solves the problems that according to the prior art, the large ship electromagnetic simulation speed is low and calculating speed is low. The method includes establishing a size through CAD modeling software; performing double-scale mesh generation on the model; tracking an incident ray by the shooting and bouncing ray method, and accelerating the tracking process through an octree data structure and double-scale occlusion judgment model; calculating the reflection field and diffraction field of lighted meshes in far region; calculating the total scattering field of a ship model and a radar scattering section. By the aid of the method, the simulation accuracy of the large-scale ship model is improved, the simulating efficiency is guaranteed through the octree data structure and dual scale occlusion judgment model, and the method is applied to large-scale ship target scattering feature research.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Radar Technology field, relate generally to electromagnetic scattering numerical simulation, multiple high-frequency approximation electromagnetic scattering is specifically utilized to comprise the method for mixed method large-scale simulation Ship Target of spring ray method SBR, physical optics method PO and physics diffraction theory PTD, for obtaining the electromagnetic scattering coefficient of large ship target.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of Radar Technology, the electromagnetic scattering research of Electrically large size object has great importance in theoretical analysis and practical application.Consider from Ship Target itself, because it has very large electric size and the structure of complexity, its electromagnetic scattering mechanism is very complicated.
Chinese and overseas scholars proposes a lot of electromagnetic simulation technique to process the electromagnetic scattering problems of TV university target, is roughly divided into numerical method and high-frequency approximation method.Numerical method such as method of moment is very applicable to the electromagnetic scattering problems of calculation of complex radar in principle, even if but along with the increase application quick point method counting yield of target electricity size be also insufferable.Although single high-frequency approximation method computing velocity is fast, but make its precision often lower due to it based on specific physics is approximate and does not there is versatility, if physical optics method PO is owing to have ignored multiple reflections and edge diffraction makes computational accuracy be difficult to reach requirement.Therefore, the multiple high-frequency methods of calculating for complicated electromagnetic target is mixed into a kind of trend.Based on spring ray method SBR and physical optics method PO mixed method owing to considering the multiple reflections between target, computational accuracy is improved greatly.This method obtained in the target electromagnetic analysis of electrically large sizes and applied very widely in recent years.But because the ray tracking in spring ray method SBR is very consuming time, when without any optimize accelerate its complexity be tri patch quantity square, thus its efficiency of large-scale Ship Target is not still reached to the requirement of practical application.Moreover due to the feature to himself structure of large ship target, hull has a lot of angular structures that the diffraction of seamed edge is strengthened, and the existing mixed method based on spring ray method SBR and physical optics method PO is not owing to considering that diffraction makes the result of calculation of result of calculation and numerical algorithm differ greatly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency for above-mentioned prior art, a kind of method of with multiple high-frequency electromagnetic scattering, large ship target being carried out to Electromagnetic Simulation is provided, to improve precision and the efficiency of Electromagnetic Simulation.
Realize the technical scheme of the object of the invention, comprise the steps:
(1) cad model utilizing CAD modeling software to set up size, shape and actual large ship to be close;
(2) two yardstick mesh generation naval vessel:
(2a) ad aptive mesh octatree is carried out to model ship and obtain one-level grid, and store this grid data;
(2b) according to the centre frequency of emulation, secondary subdivision is carried out to one-level grid, obtain secondary grid data and store;
(3) irradiate the good Ship Target of subdivision with ray guinea pig incident wave, utilize octotree data structure and two yardstick shadowing technology to accelerate ray tracking process, find out secondary grid that every bar ray illuminates and record this grid numbering;
(4) mirror field of patch grids in far field be illuminated is calculated
and the seamed edge of the patch grids be illuminated is classified, according to the diffraction field that different types calculating seamed edge produces a long way off
(5) by mirror field
and diffraction field
carry out vector superposedly obtaining total scattering field
thus calculate the RCS of large ship target.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
The first, the present invention by three seamed edges of triangle gridding are carried out classification process, calculate its far field produce diffraction field, make result of calculation than original spring ray method and physical optics method more accurate.
The second, integrated use of the present invention octotree data structure and two yardstick shadowing method, make counting yield greatly improve.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is realization flow figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is with the large ship model schematic that area of computer aided modeling software is set up in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the two-dimensional representation with Octree data store organisation in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is size and the scattering result figure thereof of trihedral angle model in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is size and the scattering result figure thereof of middle plateform model of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is size and the scattering result figure thereof of the middle-size and small-size model ship of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the scattering result figure of the medium-and-large-sized model ship of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, specific implementation step of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1: the cad model utilizing CAD modeling software to set up size, shape and actual large ship to be close, as shown in Figure 2.
Step 2: with two yardstick mesh generation naval vessel.
(2a) adopt triangle gridding to carry out ad aptive mesh octatree to model ship and obtain one-level grid, namely at the little triangular mesh in the place that model ship flexibility is large, at the large triangular mesh in smooth place, to reduce the number of triangle gridding while ensureing subdivision precision as far as possible, each triangle gridding is numbered, calculate the area of each triangle gridding, normal direction, and preserve these data and be designated as one-level grid data;
(2b) secondary grid is obtained with 1/6 of incident wave wavelength for standard carries out segmentation to one-level grid, to ensure that when segmenting one-level grid the sizing grid after segmenting is even, meet the requirement that electromagnetism calculates, each secondary grid is numbered, calculate the area of each grid, normal direction, preserve grid data and be designated as secondary grid.
Step 3: utilize octotree data structure to combine two yardstick shadowing technology and accelerate ray tracking process.
As shown in Figure 3, in Fig. 3, each square represents a node to described octotree data structure, and the square of the top represents root node, has eight child nodes, can be divided into again eight child nodes for each child node under root node under root node.
Being implemented as follows of this step:
(3a) obtain with the bounding box surrounding whole one-level grid, and bounding box data to be stored with the root node of Octree according to the coordinate range of one-level grid data;
(3b) bounding box that root node stores is divided into up, down, left, right, before and after eight sub-bounding boxs, if the secondary number of grid that sub-bounding box comprises is less than the numerical value preset, then store by the child node under root node the secondary grid data that this bounding box can comprise, otherwise, this child node is continued segmentation;
(3c) judge that whether the bounding box that incident ray and Octree store is crossing: if intersected, then perform step (3d), if non-intersect, then stop the tracking of this ray;
(3d) judge whether the secondary grid comprised in this bounding box is illuminated by ray: if illuminate, store this grid data, otherwise, do not store this grid data.
Step 4: calculate each mirror field and the diffraction field that are illuminated grid.
(4a) physical optics method PO is utilized to calculate the mirror field of illuminated area patch grids in far field
Wherein, ω is incident wave angular frequency, and k is incident wave wave number,
for the unit vector of showing up a little from source point, R is the distance that source point is shown up a little,
for the surface current on patch grids, j is imaginary unit;
(4b) three seamed edges of the triangular mesh irradiated by reflected ray on each rank are divided into following three classes:
The first kind, seamed edge is in by the edge of ray illuminated area;
Equations of The Second Kind, seamed edge is in by the inside of ray illuminated area, and the dough sheet of seamed edge both sides is in same plane;
3rd class, seamed edge is in by the inside of ray illuminated area, and the dough sheet of seamed edge both sides is not in same plane;
(4c) calculate according to physics diffraction theory PTD the diffraction field that this seamed edge produces in far field
Wherein, δ is the seamed edge type factor, is 1 for first kind diffraction δ value, is 0.5 for Equations of The Second Kind diffraction δ value, is 0, I for the 3rd class seamed edge δ value
efor the electric current on seamed edge, I
mfor the magnetic current on seamed edge,
for the unit direction vector of seamed edge, η is space wave impedance.
Step 5: the RCS calculating naval vessel.
(5a) the scattering resultant field of model ship is calculated:
Wherein, N is the quantity being illuminated patch grids,
be the n-th mirror field being illuminated patch grids,
it is the n-th diffraction field being illuminated patch grids;
(5b) RCS of model ship is obtained according to scattering resultant field:
Wherein, R is the distance that source point is shown up a little,
for the incident field intensity of radar wave.
Effect of the present invention can be further illustrated by following test
The present invention carries out modeling subdivision by CAD software to model ship, then uses Shooting and bouncing rays, physical optics method and physics diffraction theory to emulate model ship electromagnetic scattering, and emulated data can be used for follow-up naval vessel analysis of scattering research.Experimental facilities required for the present invention is a computing machine with C language translation and compiling environment.
1. experiment simulation condition
The CPU of simulation computer is Intel (R) Core (TM) i5, and dominant frequency 2.6GHz, inside saves as 4GB.Windows7 system is installed VisualStudio2010 translation and compiling environment.
2. experiment content and interpretation of result
Experiment one:
The centre frequency selecting radar incident wave is 10GHz, and incidence angle θ is from 0 degree to 90 degree, and radar illumination target is trihedral angle model, and trihedral angle moulded dimension parameter is as Fig. 4 (a).The backward RCS of method of the present invention to trihedral angle model is utilized to carry out Electromagnetic Simulation, result is as Fig. 4 (b), existing Fast multipole and physical optics methods and results is given in its Fig. 4 (b), and apply the result that the inventive method calculates result and the consideration secondary reflection considering primary event, can find out that application the inventive method considers that the result of secondary reflection and the result of Fast multipole are coincide better, demonstrate method of the present invention, in calculating multiple reflections problem, there is validity.
Experiment two:
The centre frequency selecting radar incident wave is 10GHz, and incidence angle θ is from 0 degree to 90 degree, and radar illumination target is flat plate model, and flat plate model dimensional parameters is as Fig. 5 (a).The backward RCS of method of the present invention to flat plate model is utilized to carry out Electromagnetic Simulation, result is as Fig. 5 (b), the result that existing Fast multipole, physical optics methods and results and application the inventive method calculate is given in its Fig. 5 (b), can find out that the result of the result that application the inventive method obtains and Fast multipole is coincide better, demonstrate method of the present invention, in edge calculation diffraction problems, there is validity.
Experiment three:
The centre frequency selecting radar incident wave is 10GHz, and incidence angle θ is from 0 degree to 360 degree, and radar illumination target is Small Vessel model, and Small Vessel model is as Fig. 6 (a), and model length is 0.9 meter, and width is 0.2 meter, is highly 0.2 meter.The backward RCS of method of the present invention to Small Vessel model is utilized to carry out Electromagnetic Simulation, result is as Fig. 6 (b), the result of measured result and the calculating of application the inventive method is given in its Fig. 6 (b), can find out that the result that application the inventive method obtains and measured result coincide better, demonstrate method of the present invention, in calculation of complex model electromagnetic scattering problems, there is validity.
Experiment four:
The centre frequency selecting radar incident wave is 10GHz, incidence angle θ from 0 degree to 360 degree, radar illumination target be large ship model as Fig. 2, model length is 196 meters, and width is 25 meters, is highly 53 meters.Utilize the backward RCS of method of the present invention to large ship model to carry out Electromagnetic Simulation, result, as Fig. 7, gives the application result that the inventive method calculates in its Fig. 7.The simulation time employed after the two yardstick shadowing model acceleration of octotree data structure combination is 3.623 hours, does not use the simulation time accelerating hand speed to be 1.763 hours.Can find out that the present invention increases in counting yield than existing algorithm for the RCS calculating large ship model from the contrast of simulation time.
More than describing is only example of the present invention; obviously for the professional in this area; after having understood content of the present invention and principle; can carry out the various correction in form and in details and change, but these corrections based on inventive concept and change are still within claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. with multiple high-frequency electromagnetic scattering, large ship target is carried out to a method for Electromagnetic Simulation, comprise the steps:
(1) cad model utilizing CAD modeling software to set up size, shape and actual large ship to be close;
(2) two yardstick mesh generation naval vessel:
(2a) ad aptive mesh octatree is carried out to model ship and obtain one-level grid, and store this grid data;
(2b) according to the centre frequency of emulation, secondary subdivision is carried out to one-level grid, obtain secondary grid data and store;
(3) irradiate the good Ship Target of subdivision with ray guinea pig incident wave, utilize octotree data structure and two yardstick shadowing technology to accelerate ray tracking process, find out secondary grid that every bar ray illuminates and record this grid numbering;
(4) mirror field of patch grids in far field be illuminated is calculated
and the seamed edge of the patch grids be illuminated is classified, according to the diffraction field that different types calculating seamed edge produces a long way off
(5) by mirror field
and diffraction field
carry out vector superposedly obtaining total scattering field
thus calculate the RCS of large ship target.
2. method of with multiple high-frequency electromagnetic scattering, large ship target being carried out to Electromagnetic Simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (2a) ad aptive mesh octatree obtains one-level grid, adopt triangular mesh generation, namely at the little triangle surface in the place that flexibility is large, at the large triangle surface in smooth place, to reduce the number of tri patch while ensureing subdivision precision as far as possible, be numbered to each tri patch, calculate the area of each tri patch, normal direction, and preserve these data and be designated as one-level grid data.
3. method of with multiple high-frequency electromagnetic scattering, large ship target being carried out to Electromagnetic Simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (2b) is carried out secondary subdivision to one-level grid and obtained secondary grid, one-level grid is segmented for standard with 1/6 of incident wave wavelength, and ensure that the sizing grid after segmentation is even, meet the requirement that electromagnetism calculates, preserve grid data and be designated as secondary grid.
4. method of with multiple high-frequency electromagnetic scattering, large ship target being carried out to Electromagnetic Simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (3) utilizes octotree data structure and two yardstick shadowing technology to accelerate ray tracking process, comprises the steps:
(3a) the bounding box data of whole one-level grid can be surrounded with the root node storage of Octree;
(3b) bounding box that root node stores is divided into up, down, left, right, before and after eight sub-bounding boxs, if the secondary number of grid that sub-bounding box comprises is less than the numerical value preset, then store by the child node under root node the secondary grid data that this bounding box can comprise, otherwise this child node is continued segmentation;
(3c) judge that whether the bounding box that incident ray and Octree store is crossing: if intersected, then perform step (3d), if non-intersect, then stop the tracking of this ray;
(3d) judge whether the secondary grid comprised in this bounding box is illuminated by ray: if illuminate, store this grid data, otherwise, do not store this grid data.
5. method of with multiple high-frequency electromagnetic scattering, large ship target being carried out to Electromagnetic Simulation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: calculate mirror field and diffraction field in described step (4), comprise the steps:
(4a) physical optics method PO is utilized to calculate the mirror field of illuminated area patch grids in far field
Wherein, ω is incident wave angular frequency, and k is incident wave wave number,
for the unit vector of showing up a little from source point, R is the distance that source point is shown up a little,
for the surface current on patch grids, j is imaginary unit;
(4b) three seamed edges of the triangular mesh irradiated by each rank reflected ray are divided into following three classes:
The first kind, seamed edge is in by the edge of ray illuminated area;
Equations of The Second Kind, seamed edge is in by the inside of ray illuminated area, and the dough sheet of seamed edge both sides is in same plane;
3rd class, seamed edge is in by the inside of ray illuminated area, and the dough sheet of seamed edge both sides is not in same plane;
(4c) calculate according to physics diffraction theory PTD the diffraction field that this seamed edge produces in far field
Wherein, δ is the seamed edge type factor, is 1 for first kind diffraction δ value, is 0.5 for Equations of The Second Kind diffraction δ value, is 0, I for the 3rd class seamed edge δ value
efor the electric current on seamed edge, I
mfor the magnetic current on seamed edge,
for the unit direction vector of seamed edge, η is space wave impedance.
6. method of with multiple high-frequency electromagnetic scattering, large ship target being carried out to Electromagnetic Simulation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (5) calculates scattering resultant field, calculates the RCS on naval vessel, by following formulae discovery:
(5a) computing formula of scattering resultant field:
Wherein, N is the quantity being illuminated patch grids,
be the n-th mirror field being illuminated patch grids,
it is the n-th diffraction field being illuminated patch grids;
(5b) computing formula of model ship RCS:
Wherein, R is the distance that source point is shown up a little,
for scattering resultant field,
for incident field intensity.
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Cited By (9)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105259547A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-20 | 武汉大学 | Analysis method for stable scattering structure of ship |
| CN108646228A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-12 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of Radar Cross Section Calculating based on PO methods |
| CN110083915A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-08-02 | 武汉大学 | A kind of high frequency region Radar Target Scatter central forward automation modeling method |
| CN110208764A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-09-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Dynamic sea large scene echo simulation method based on electromagnetism Scattering Calculation |
| CN110412567A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-11-05 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | The true two dimension RCS acquisition methods of passive scaler |
| CN111832183A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-27 | 西安电子科技大学 | Electromagnetic simulation method based on octree structure MLFMA region decomposition |
| CN112329308A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | Ship model electromagnetic scattering simulation method based on iterative multilayer fast multipole |
| CN112731328A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Radar target electromagnetic scattering characteristic simulation method and device |
| CN116911164A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-10-20 | 西安电子科技大学 | Composite scattering acquisition method and device based on target and background separation scattering data |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105259547A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-20 | 武汉大学 | Analysis method for stable scattering structure of ship |
| CN108646228A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-12 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of Radar Cross Section Calculating based on PO methods |
| CN110083915A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-08-02 | 武汉大学 | A kind of high frequency region Radar Target Scatter central forward automation modeling method |
| CN110083915B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2022-08-19 | 武汉大学 | Forward automatic modeling method for radar target scattering center in high-frequency region |
| CN110208764A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-09-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Dynamic sea large scene echo simulation method based on electromagnetism Scattering Calculation |
| CN110412567A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-11-05 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | The true two dimension RCS acquisition methods of passive scaler |
| CN111832183A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-27 | 西安电子科技大学 | Electromagnetic simulation method based on octree structure MLFMA region decomposition |
| CN112329308A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | Ship model electromagnetic scattering simulation method based on iterative multilayer fast multipole |
| CN112731328A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Radar target electromagnetic scattering characteristic simulation method and device |
| CN116911164A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-10-20 | 西安电子科技大学 | Composite scattering acquisition method and device based on target and background separation scattering data |
| CN116911164B (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2024-03-29 | 西安电子科技大学 | Composite scattering acquisition method and device based on target and background separation scattering data |
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