CN104308393B - A kind of magnesium hot weld solder flux and welding procedure - Google Patents
A kind of magnesium hot weld solder flux and welding procedure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104308393B CN104308393B CN201410439570.0A CN201410439570A CN104308393B CN 104308393 B CN104308393 B CN 104308393B CN 201410439570 A CN201410439570 A CN 201410439570A CN 104308393 B CN104308393 B CN 104308393B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
Abstract
Name of the present invention is called a kind of magnesium hot weld solder flux and welding procedure.Belong to welding technology field.It mainly solves the problem that existing manual welding speed is slow, the requirement of automatic welding butt welded seam is very harsh.Its principal character is: magnesium hot weld solder flux contains by mass percentage: the metal welding powder identical with mother metal chemical analysis to be welded, 66 ~ 74%; Potassium permanganate powder, 10.5 ~ 13.5%; Magnesium powder, 7 ~ 9%; Slag forming agent, 9 ~ 11%; Wherein, slag forming agent composition: lime stone 25% ± 2%, bauxite 8% ± 1%, dolomite 20% ± 1%, lime 25% ± 2%, diatomite 10% ± 1%, novolac resin 12% ± 1%.Welding of the present invention is similar to the solder technology of exothermic welding mechanism, only need tentatively to ignite, later stage can be decomposed by medicament conducting self-heating provide heat and oxygen, has the fireballing feature of the good and automatic welding of the adaptability of manual welding, is mainly used in large area or complex-shaped built-up welding and butt welding operating mode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding technology field, the welding procedure being specifically related to a kind of magnesium hot weld solder flux and using this solder flux to weld.
Background technology
Modern industry welds, and often can run into large area or complex-shaped built-up welding and butt welding operating mode, usually adopt manual welding at present, automatic welding welds.Though it is wide that manual welding adapts to welding scope, before manual welding welding, need baking oven to toast welding rod, and be incubated, protect dry splendid attire welding rod, speed of welding is slow, and efficiency is low.Automatic welding welding, for Lincoln weld, needs before weldering to have debugged size of current and gait of march, solder flux feed speed according to weld seam situation; Automatic welding butt welded seam requires very harsh.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of magnesium hot weld solder flux for above-mentioned weak point exactly, and uses this magnesium hot weld solder flux to carry out the welding procedure of welding.
The technical solution of magnesium hot weld solder flux of the present invention is: a kind of magnesium hot weld solder flux, is characterized in that containing by mass percentage: the metal welding powder identical with mother metal chemical analysis to be welded, 66 ~ 74%; Potassium permanganate powder, 10.5 ~ 13.5%; Magnesium powder, 7 ~ 9%; Slag forming agent, 9 ~ 11%; Wherein, the composition of slag forming agent is: lime stone 25% ± 2%, bauxite 8% ± 1%, dolomite 20% ± 1%, lime 25% ± 2%, diatomite 10% ± 1%, novolac resin 12% ± 1%.
Contain by mass percentage in the preferred technical solution of magnesium hot weld solder flux of the present invention: Q235 carbon steel metal welding powder, 70%; Potassium permanganate powder, 12%; Magnesium powder, 8%; Slag forming agent, 10%.
Also contain by mass percentage in the technical solution of magnesium hot weld solder flux of the present invention: fire retardant, 0.1 ~ 2%.
The fire retardant described in technical solution of magnesium hot weld solder flux of the present invention is the poly-stupid thioether powder of fine grinding.
Contain by mass percentage in the technical solution of magnesium hot weld solder flux of the present invention: Q235 carbon steel metal welding powder, 69.4%; Potassium permanganate powder, 12%%; Magnesium powder, 8%; Slag forming agent, 10%, fire retardant, 0.6%; Wherein, fire retardant is the poly-stupid thioether powder of fine grinding.
The technical solution that the present invention uses magnesium hot weld solder flux to carry out the welding procedure of welding is: a kind of welding procedure using magnesium hot weld solder flux, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1), by portion faces polishing to be welded also pickling, grease must not be had to be present in place to be welded; Need to adopt crawler belt to add heat-preservation cotton 240 DEG C of temperature retention time preheatings before easily cracking material weldering;
By the metal welding powder identical with mother metal chemical analysis to be welded of 66 ~ 74%, 10.5 ~ 13.5% potassium permanganate powder, the magnesium powder of 7 ~ 9%, the slag forming agent of 9 ~ 11% prepare to obtain solder flux; Wherein, the composition of slag forming agent is: lime stone 25% ± 2%, bauxite 8% ± 1%, dolomite 20% ± 1%, lime 25% ± 2%, diatomite 10% ± 1%, novolac resin 12% ± 1%;
(3) for on-plane surface weld seam, become pureed with having volatile solvent with above-mentioned solder flux mixing preparation and be filled in commissure, row welding again after treating solvent volatilization; For plane welded seam, the loading of solder flux should be 1.3 ~ 1.6 times of weld seam volume, can add block, depart to prevent the position of solder flux on weld seam both sides;
(4) to ignite solder flux welding, make just in the upright direction of welding point bath, keep weld seam exhaust, deslagging unimpeded;
(5) employing is knocked, is polished and remove the welding slag that subsides are connected in face of weld;
(6) postwelding will carry out the low temperature destressing heat treatment of 550 DEG C, and the time is determined by basic unit's wall thickness; Hard alloy layer will carry out the low temperature destressing heat treatment of 650 DEG C, and firing rate is less than 80 DEG C/h, and cooling velocity is less than 100 DEG C/h, power cutoff after being cooled to 200 DEG C, and slow cooling is to normal temperature; Crawler belt need be adopted to add heat-preservation cotton 240 DEG C of temperature retention time process for easily cracking material postwelding;
(7) weld appearance adopts ocular estimate inspection; The test of corresponding physical strength and chemical composition analysis should be done at postwelding for first welding metal, also should do magnetic powder inspection or the radiographic inspection of weld seam at postwelding; For identical material but the material of different batches, only strength test can be done.
The present invention use magnesium hot weld solder flux to carry out in the welding procedure of welding (2) step can be: described (2) by the Q235 carbon steel metal welding powder of 70%, 12% potassium permanganate powder, the magnesium powder of 8%, the slag forming agent of 10% prepare to obtain solder flux.
The present invention use magnesium hot weld solder flux to carry out in the welding procedure of welding (2) step can also be: described (2) step be: (2) solder flux prepared to obtain by the metal welding powder identical with mother metal chemical analysis to be welded, the potassium permanganate powder of 10.5 ~ 13.5%, magnesium powder, the slag forming agent of 9 ~ 11%, the fire retardant of 0.1 ~ 2% of 7 ~ 9% of 66 ~ 74%.
The present invention use magnesium hot weld solder flux to carry out in the welding procedure of welding (2) step can also be: described (2) step be: (2) the Q235 carbon steel metal welding powder of 69.4%, the potassium permanganate powder of 12%, magnesium powder, the slag forming agent of 10%, the fire retardant of 0.6% of 8% are prepared to obtain solder flux.
The present invention adopts and fully mixes by the metal welding powder identical with mother metal chemical analysis to be welded, potassium permanganate powder, magnesium powder and slag forming agent the solder flux formed, welding is similar to the solder technology of exothermic welding mechanism, only need tentatively to ignite, the later stage can be decomposed by medicament conducting self-heating provides heat and oxygen.Become welding machine reason:
Need to ignite magnesium powder early stage, produce enough heat melts welding powders and heating potassium permanganate produces the oxygen burnt away for magnesium powder.The oxygen generated can also remove the free carbon atom of a part of intergranular.In high temperature environments, MnO simultaneously
2have decomposed, generate Mn and CO
2.Reduce weld metal carbon content, increase weld metal Fe content.
The formation of welding slag and removing.Slag forming agent composition is: lime stone 25% ± 2%, bauxite 8% ± 1%, dolomite 20% ± 1%, lime 25% ± 2%, diatomite 10% ± 1%, novolac resin 12% ± 1%, and first four is to make steel based on slag adjusting agent, to act on also similar.Thermoplastic resin can be combined with specific composition MnO2, MgO before pyrolytic, and is not combined with Fe-C base, and form the welding slag being lighter than molten iron, emersion weld seam, to remove.Diatomite can make welding slag density less, quick emersion weldpool.Fire retardant is the poly-stupid thioether powder of fine grinding, and effect is in order to regulating agent burning velocity, makes whole process have controllability.
The effect of the metal welding powder identical with mother metal chemical analysis to be welded: weld stock, for finally filling weld seam and mother metal body forms the material merged.
The effect of potassium permanganate powder: decompose under magnesium powder combustion heating, generates magnesium powder and to burn away required oxygen.
The effect of magnesium powder: burn for welding provides enough heats.
The effect of slag forming agent: can well merge with potassium manganate, magnesia and form loose clinker.Density, much smaller than molten steel, fully can form welding slag in emersion molten bath in welding process.
The effect of fire retardant: it is very rapidly that magnesium powder burns under pulverulence.More abundant in order to allow weld seam fuse, allow welding slag can emersion in time.Need the speed adding the artificial reduction burning of fire retardant.Meanwhile, fire retardant should add the full and uniform mixing of appropriate volatile organic solvent (as alcohol, oil of bananas etc.) before preparation together with magnesium powder.
Preparation before the present invention's weldering is suitable with automatic welding, and slightly more complicated than manual welding, speed of welding is better than manual welding greatly, slightly faster than automatic welding.The present invention is suitable with manual welding, can adapt to nearly all operating mode.The present invention can die welding also can built-up welding under free state.The present invention has the fireballing feature of the good and automatic welding of the adaptability of manual welding, is mainly used in large area or complex-shaped built-up welding and butt welding operating mode.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the state diagram of built-up welding embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the state diagram of built-up welding embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the state diagram of built-up welding embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Welding flow process of the present invention is:
1, by portion faces polishing to be welded also pickling, grease must not be had to be present in place to be welded;
2, welding procedure space enrironment: temperature: 10 ~ 50 DEG C, humidity :≤70%;
3, preheating postwelding is needed to be incubated cooling before easily cracking material weldering;
Method: adopt crawler belt to add heat-preservation cotton insulation, crawler belt be evenly arranged in welding position and wrap up completely by heat-preservation cotton (two-layer); The real heat-preservation cotton in fortress, commissure during insulation; Ensure that cooling slowly, evenly as far as possible.Heating crawler belt is wanted electrician to detect at any time and is prevented short circuit! If run into power failure or the too low maximum temperature of temperature lower than 240 DEG C, heat-preservation cotton is stoppered and be incubated, but will once be soldered when lasting insulation;
4, the preparation of solder flux: solder flux should be prepared in strict accordance with the proportioning that different mother metal is corresponding.For the butt welding of Q235 carbon steel: Q235 carbon steel metal welding powder-70% ± 4%KMnO4-12% by mass percentage ± 1.5%Mg-8% ± 1% slag forming agent-10% ± 1%; Slag forming agent composition: lime stone 25% ± 2%, bauxite 8% ± 1%, dolomite 20% ± 1%, lime 25% ± 2%, diatomite 10% ± 1%, novolac resin 12% ± 1%;
5, on-plane surface weld seam solder flux: for on-plane surface weld seam, such as circular rings weld seam.With having the good solder flux of volatile solvent mixing preparation on a small quantity, can make it to become pureed and being filled in commissure, row welding again after treating solvent volatilization;
6, welding process: the filling of solder flux: the loading of solder flux should approximate 1.5 times of weld seam volume.Block can be added on weld seam both sides, depart to prevent the position of solder flux.For deep welding seam, multiple welding process can be taked, but do not advise more than three times;
The carrying out of welding: when welding, should as far as possible ensure just in the upright direction of welding point bath.(for girth joint, should ensure as far as possible the point that carrying out welding all the time just go up to).Also should keep weld seam be vented, deslagging unimpeded;
The removing of welding slag: after welding process, metal is filled in welding and mother metal is metallurgical fused.Welding slag paste be connected in face of weld, can adopt knock, removal of polishing.Until expose weld metal body.Also can grinding process to the unsightly face of weld;
Postweld heat preservation and heat treatment: postweld heat preservation is with reference to above.Heat treatment: the 1. low temperature destressing heat treatment time that postwelding will carry out 550 DEG C will carry out the low temperature destressing heat treatment of 650 DEG C by fixed 2. hard alloy layers of basic unit's wall thickness, firing rate is less than 80 DEG C/h, and cooling velocity is less than 100 DEG C/h; Power cutoff after being cooled to 200 DEG C, slow cooling is to normal temperature;
7, inspection after welding:
Weld appearance can adopt ocular estimate inspection.The test of corresponding physical strength and chemical composition analysis should be done at postwelding for first welding metal, also should do magnetic powder inspection or the radiographic inspection of weld seam at postwelding.For identical material but the material of different batches, also suitably can be reduced to and only do strength test.
Can be used for complicated area built-up welding, cross section mean radius is less than 80mm butt welding, thickness is less than the butt welding of 100mm sheet material (0 ~ 60mm single welding, 60 ~ 100mm welding by both sides).Welding parent material: be applicable to all iron-based steel and part of nickel base alloy-steel.
Actual mechanical process:
1, the preparation of various powder;
2, built-up welding example as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows;
3, inspection after welding.
Related description about flux composition:
Here for the butt welding of Q235 carbon steel general thickness, flux composition composition and various composition role are described in detail:
Solder flux composition (mass percent):
(1) carbon steel metal welding powder (can identical with mother metal chemical analysis to be welded or phosphorus content is micro-lower than mother metal) 70%.
Effect: welding stock, for finally filling weld seam and mother metal body forms the material merged.
(2) potassium permanganate powder (KMnO
4) 12%.
Effect: decompose under magnesium powder combustion heating, generates magnesium powder and to burn away required oxygen.
(3) magnesium powder 8%.
Effect: burn for welding provides enough heats.
(4) slag forming agent 9%.
Slag forming agent composition: lime stone 25% ± 2%, bauxite 8% ± 1%, dolomite 20% ± 1%, lime 25% ± 2%, diatomite 10% ± 1%, novolac resin 12% ± 1%.
Effect: can well merge with potassium manganate, magnesia and form loose clinker.Density, much smaller than molten steel, fully can form welding slag in emersion molten bath in welding process.
(5) fire retardant---1%.
Fire retardant composition: the poly-stupid thioether powder PPS of fine grinding.
Effect: it is very rapidly that magnesium powder burns under pulverulence.More abundant in order to allow weld seam fuse, allow welding slag can emersion in time.Need the speed adding the artificial reduction burning of fire retardant.Meanwhile, solder flux preferably can mix pureed by sending out solvent with organic.
For various different wlding, the proportioning of solder flux also has corresponding difference.Magnesium hot weld can square groove for thin plate.
Claims (9)
1. a magnesium hot weld solder flux, is characterized in that containing by mass percentage: the metal welding powder identical with mother metal chemical analysis to be welded, 66 ~ 74%; Potassium permanganate powder, 10.5 ~ 13.5%; Magnesium powder, 7 ~ 9%; Slag forming agent, 9 ~ 11%; Wherein, the composition of slag forming agent is: lime stone 25% ± 2%, bauxite 8% ± 1%, dolomite 20% ± 1%, lime 25% ± 2%, diatomite 10% ± 1%, novolac resin 12% ± 1%.
2. a kind of magnesium hot weld solder flux according to claim 1, is characterized in that containing by mass percentage: Q235 carbon steel metal welding powder, 70%; Potassium permanganate powder, 12%; Magnesium powder, 8%; Slag forming agent, 10%.
3. a kind of magnesium hot weld solder flux according to claim 1, is characterized in that also containing by mass percentage: fire retardant, 0.1 ~ 2%.
4. a kind of magnesium hot weld solder flux according to claim 3, is characterized in that described fire retardant is the poly-stupid thioether powder of fine grinding.
5. a kind of magnesium hot weld solder flux according to claim 1, is characterized in that containing by mass percentage: Q235 carbon steel metal welding powder, 69.4%; Potassium permanganate powder, 12%%; Magnesium powder, 8%; Slag forming agent, 10%, fire retardant, 0.6%; Wherein, fire retardant is the poly-stupid thioether powder of fine grinding.
6. use a welding procedure for magnesium hot weld solder flux described in claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1), by portion faces polishing to be welded also pickling, grease must not be had to be present in place to be welded; Need to adopt crawler belt to add heat-preservation cotton 240 DEG C of heat-insulation preheatings before easily cracking material weldering;
By the metal welding powder identical with mother metal chemical analysis to be welded of 66 ~ 74%, 10.5 ~ 13.5% potassium permanganate powder, the magnesium powder of 7 ~ 9%, the slag forming agent of 9 ~ 11% prepare to obtain solder flux; Wherein, the composition of slag forming agent is: lime stone 25% ± 2%, bauxite 8% ± 1%, dolomite 20% ± 1%, lime 25% ± 2%, diatomite 10% ± 1%, novolac resin 12% ± 1%;
(3) for on-plane surface weld seam, become pureed with having volatile solvent with above-mentioned solder flux mixing preparation and be filled in commissure, row welding again after treating solvent volatilization; For plane welded seam, the loading of solder flux should be 1.3 ~ 1.6 times of weld seam volume, can add block, depart to prevent the position of solder flux on weld seam both sides;
(4) to ignite solder flux welding, make just to be positioned at the upright direction of bath at welding point, keep weld seam exhaust, deslagging unimpeded;
(5) employing is knocked, is polished and remove the welding slag that subsides are connected in face of weld;
(6) postwelding will carry out the low temperature destressing heat treatment of 550 DEG C, and the time is determined by basic unit's wall thickness; Hard alloy layer will carry out the low temperature destressing heat treatment of 650 DEG C, and firing rate is less than 80 DEG C/h, and cooling velocity is less than 100 DEG C/h, power cutoff after being cooled to 200 DEG C, and slow cooling is to normal temperature; Crawler belt need be adopted to add heat-preservation cotton 240 DEG C of isothermal holding for easily cracking material postwelding;
(7) weld appearance adopts ocular estimate inspection; The test of corresponding physical strength and chemical composition analysis should be done at postwelding for first welding metal, also should do magnetic powder inspection or the radiographic inspection of weld seam at postwelding; For identical material but the material of different batches, only do strength test.
7. the welding procedure of magnesium hot weld solder flux according to claim 6, it is characterized in that described (2) step be: (2) by the Q235 carbon steel metal welding powder of 70%, 12% potassium permanganate powder, the magnesium powder of 8%, the slag forming agent of 10% prepare to obtain solder flux.
8. the welding procedure of magnesium hot weld solder flux according to claim 6, it is characterized in that described (2) step be: (2) solder flux prepared to obtain by the metal welding powder identical with mother metal chemical analysis to be welded, the potassium permanganate powder of 10.5 ~ 13.5%, magnesium powder, the slag forming agent of 9 ~ 11%, the fire retardant of 0.1 ~ 2% of 7 ~ 9% of 66 ~ 74%.
9. the welding procedure of magnesium hot weld solder flux according to claim 6, it is characterized in that described (2) step be: (2) the Q235 carbon steel metal welding powder of 69.4%, the potassium permanganate powder of 12%, magnesium powder, the slag forming agent of 10%, the fire retardant of 0.6% of 8% are prepared to obtain solder flux.
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| CN104308393B true CN104308393B (en) | 2016-03-16 |
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| CN203918278U (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-11-05 | 上海科东实业有限公司 | A kind of heat release welding equipment |
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| US5215139A (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1993-06-01 | Orgo-Thermit Inc. | Method and mold for aluminothermic welding of rails |
| US6360808B1 (en) * | 2000-06-19 | 2002-03-26 | Ashland Inc. | Exothermic sleeve compositions containing aluminum dross |
| CN102267024A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Solder for exothermic welding of grounding body in grounding system and ignition agent of solder |
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Effective date of registration: 20190820 Address after: 314102 No. 108-1 Huachun Road, Xitang Town, Jiashan County, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Zhejiang Ainuo Valve Fittings Co., Ltd. Address before: 441053 Xiangfan city in Hubei Province Long Road No. 296 Patentee before: Hubei University of Arts and Science |