CN104307861A - Remediation method of heavy metal-polluted soil - Google Patents
Remediation method of heavy metal-polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN104307861A CN104307861A CN201410615390.3A CN201410615390A CN104307861A CN 104307861 A CN104307861 A CN 104307861A CN 201410615390 A CN201410615390 A CN 201410615390A CN 104307861 A CN104307861 A CN 104307861A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a remediation method of heavy metal-polluted soil, wherein the remediation method comprises the following steps: Step a, primary screening of soil: spraying water to polluted soil, performing primary screening on polluted soil by a screening device under the action of hydraulic flushing, separating and removing soil particles with the particle size less than 0.05 mm after screening, and collecting residual soil slurry; Step b, sand-water separation: performing sand-water separation on the soil slurry obtained in the step a, removing supernatant, and collecting precipitate; Step c, elution: fully contacting and reacting an eluting agent with the precipitate obtained in the step b, migrating heavy metals from soil solid phase into eluting liquid phase; Step d, dehydration: dehydrating the eluted soil obtained in the step c. The remediation method of heavy metal-polluted soil can perform effective remediation on heavy metal-polluted soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the remediation contaminated soil field in environmental protection, particularly, relate to a kind of method of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal.
Background technology
Soil is the important component part of the ecosystem, is the material base that the mankind depend on for existence.Along with the quick growth of population, the continuous expansion of commercial production scale, soil is day by day subject to the pollution of heavy metal.Heavy metal in contaminated soil not only can enter surface water and groundwater by migration and cause water pollution, has a strong impact on environmental quality, and can be absorbed by plants and enter the health that food chain directly threatens the mankind.It is reported, the soil pollution of China is mainly based on heavy metal pollution, and wherein cadmium, mercury, lead, arsenic pollute the most outstanding, and China about has the soil of tens thousand of hectares to be subject to the pollution such as cadmium, mercury at present.The factor of heavy metal pollution of soil is caused to mainly contain at present: the discharge of the stacking containing heavy metal waste, the dried wet deposition containing heavy metal flue dust, heavy metal-containing waste water, Sewage Irrigation in Farmland and mud fertilising etc.Due to heavy metal enter soil after not easily decompose, transform and enrichment, and the complexity of the structure of soil system itself, make the improvement of heavy metal pollution of soil very difficult.
Elution method is the effectively method of one of repairing polluted soil, and elution method uses eluent to clean soil exactly, and pollutant in soil is flowed out with leacheate, then carries out subsequent treatment to leacheate and soil, thus reaches the object of repairing polluted soil.Compared with other processing methods, elution method not only has can remove pollutants a large amount of in soil, the range of scatter of restriction noxious pollutant, also has investment and consumes relatively less, and operating personnel can not the direct advantage such as contact stain thing.The problem that Soil leaching must solve is: if 1. soil washing is a physical process, pollutant just there occurs migration, its toxicity does not decline, and has therefore just related to the separation of soil/leacheate, the separation of leacheate/pollutant and recycling of leacheate; If 2. have chemical process in Soil leaching process, the potential Harmful chemicals used in drip washing may be difficult to separate from the soil processed.But the reasonable eluent price of result of use is all costly at present, cannot be used in large-area actual repair, and the secondary pollution problem of the soil and groundwater that may cause due to the residual of eluent.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of method of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, comprising the steps:
A. soil primary dcreening operation: to polluted soil water spray, polluted soil carries out primary dcreening operation by screening plant under the effect of hydrodynamic cleaning, and after screening, particle diameter is less than the separated removing of soil particle of 0.05mm, collects remaining Soil slurry;
B. sand-water separating: sand-water separating is carried out to the Soil slurry that step a obtains, after removing supernatant, collecting precipitation thing;
C. drip washing: the abundant haptoreaction of sediment eluent and step b obtained, makes heavy metal enter drip washing liquid phase from solid phase of soil migration;
D. dewater: the soil water desorption of step c after drip washing process.
As optimal technical scheme, eluent is applied on the sediment that step b obtains through spray by step c, and after abundant haptoreaction, heavy metal enters drip washing liquid phase from solid phase of soil migration.
Preferably, eluent described in step c is the aqueous solution containing citric acid and calcium chloride.
Preferably, described eluent is containing, for example the composition of lower concentration:
Citric acid 0.2 ~ 2.5 mol/L;
Calcium chloride 0.5 ~ 2.5 mol/L.
Further preferably, described eluent is containing, for example the composition of lower concentration:
Citric acid 1 ~ 2 mol/L;
Calcium chloride 0.5 ~ 1.5 mol/L.
Most preferably, described eluent is containing, for example the composition of lower concentration:
Citric acid 2 mol/L;
Calcium chloride 0.5 mol/L.
Preferably, the moisture 60wt% ~ 70wt% of Soil slurry that obtains of step a.
Preferably, step b is precipitated the moisture 40wt% ~ 50wt% of thing.
Preferably, the sedimentary volume ratio that eluent described in step c and step b obtain is 3 ~ 5:10.
Preferably, the sedimentary haptoreaction time that eluent described in step c and step b obtain is 0.5 ~ 1h.
Beneficial effect of the present invention comprises:
1. during screening, in soil, water spray makes Zinc fractions muddy, and Soil slurry is by sieve aperture, and granule is removed, and achieves screening effect preferably, and avoids the dust pollution in whole treatment cycle.
2. eluent can realize good drip washing effect, and in eluent, citric acid provides sour environment to be conducive to the stripping of metal ion, and citric acid can with metal generation complexing chelatropic reaction, make metal ion be transferred to liquid phase from solid phase of soil; Meanwhile, metal ion generation ion-exchange in calcium ion and soil in calcium chloride, and chlorion can with metal ion generation complex reaction, increase the stripping quantity of metal ion.
3. eluent adopts citric acid and calcium chloride, can not cause secondary pollution to environment, and eluent can reclaim and repeatedly uses, and reduces drip washing cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, can better understand the present invention and can be implemented, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention to make those skilled in the art.
The heavy-metal contaminated soil that following examples are used: by analysis, this soil sample belongs to dauk, argillaceous mineral 0.53%, and the content of organic matter is 0.36%, unit weight 1.33 × 10
3kg/m
3, average grain diameter 2.0mm, soil is more homogeneous, containing cadmium 57.45mg/kg, plumbous 1152.78 mg/kg, copper 703.86 mg/kg, arsenic 32.67 mg/kg in this pedotheque.
Embodiment 1
The restorative procedure of the heavy-metal contaminated soil of the present embodiment is as follows:
A. soil primary dcreening operation: spray water to polluted soil, under the effect of hydrodynamic cleaning, polluted soil carries out primary dcreening operation by screening plant, after screening, removing particle diameter be less than 0.05mm soil particle (short grained soil be difficult to by wash clean, therefore other method process is adopted after unified collection), obtain Soil slurry, its water content is 60 ~ 70wt%.
B. sand-water separating: adopt spiral-flow type sand-water separating device to carry out sand-water separating to the Soil slurry that step a obtains, after removing supernatant, collecting precipitation thing, sedimentary water content remains on 40wt% ~ 50wt%.Before carrying out drip washing, carry out a sand-water separating, drip washing treating capacity can be reduced, save eluent;
C. drip washing operation: the sediment obtained after sand-water separating sends into elution device, and sprinkle eluent in sediment, eluent and the abundant haptoreaction of sediment, every cubic metre of soil adds 0.4m
3eluent, hybrid reaction 1h, enters drip washing liquid phase by heavy metal from solid phase of soil migration; The present embodiment eluent used is the aqueous solution being dissolved with citric acid and calcium chloride, and concentration is: citric acid 2mol/L, calcium chloride 0.5 mol/L.
D. dewater: after drip washing terminates, soil enters dewatering system together with leacheate, and leacheate enters water treatment system, and cleaning soil is collected disposal.
Compliance test result:
After drip washing terminates, in soil, the content of variety classes heavy metal is respectively after testing: cadmium 22.5 mg/kg, plumbous 629.3 mg/kg, copper 361.2mg/kg, arsenic 10.6 mg/kg.
Embodiment 2
The restorative procedure of the present embodiment heavy-metal contaminated soil is as follows:
A. soil primary dcreening operation: spray water to polluted soil, under the effect of hydrodynamic cleaning, polluted soil carries out primary dcreening operation by screening plant, after screening, removing particle diameter be less than 0.05mm soil particle (short grained soil be difficult to by wash clean, therefore other method process is adopted after unified collection), obtain Soil slurry, its water content is 60 ~ 70wt%.
B. sand-water separating: adopt spiral-flow type sand-water separating device to carry out sand-water separating to the Soil slurry that step a obtains, after removing supernatant, collecting precipitation thing, sedimentary water content remains on 40wt% ~ 50wt%.Before carrying out drip washing, carry out a sand-water separating, drip washing treating capacity can be reduced, save eluent;
C. drip washing operation: the sediment obtained after sand-water separating sends into elution device, and sprinkle eluent in sediment, eluent and the abundant haptoreaction of sediment, every cubic metre of soil adds 0.4m
3drip washing medicament, hybrid reaction 1h, enters heavy metal drip washing liquid phase from solid phase of soil migration.The present embodiment eluent used is the aqueous solution being dissolved with citric acid and calcium chloride, and concentration is: citric acid 0.5 mol/L, calcium chloride 2mol/L;
D. dewater: after drip washing terminates, soil enters dewatering system together with leacheate, and leacheate enters water treatment system, and cleaning soil is collected disposal.
Compliance test result:
After drip washing terminates, in soil, the content of variety classes heavy metal is respectively after testing: cadmium 40.2 mg/kg, plumbous 900.32 mg/kg, copper 483.5mg/kg, arsenic 32.8 mg/kg.
Embodiment 3
The restorative procedure of the present embodiment heavy-metal contaminated soil is as follows:
A. soil primary dcreening operation: spray water to polluted soil, under the effect of hydrodynamic cleaning, polluted soil carries out primary dcreening operation by screening plant, after screening, removing particle diameter be less than 0.05mm soil particle (short grained soil be difficult to by wash clean, therefore other method process is adopted after unified collection), obtain Soil slurry, its water content is 60 ~ 70wt%.
B. sand-water separating: adopt spiral-flow type sand-water separating device to carry out sand-water separating to the Soil slurry that step a obtains, after removing supernatant, collecting precipitation thing, sedimentary water content remains on 40wt% ~ 50wt%.Before carrying out drip washing, carry out a sand-water separating, drip washing treating capacity can be reduced, save eluent;
C. drip washing operation: the sediment obtained after sand-water separating sends into elution device, and sprinkle eluent in sediment, eluent and the abundant haptoreaction of sediment, every cubic metre of soil adds 0.3m
3eluent, hybrid reaction 0.5h, enters drip washing liquid phase by heavy metal from solid phase of soil migration; The present embodiment eluent used is the aqueous solution being dissolved with citric acid and calcium chloride, and concentration is: citric acid 1.5 mol/L, calcium chloride 1.5 mol/L;
D. dewater: after drip washing terminates, soil enters dewatering system together with leacheate, and leacheate enters water treatment system, and cleaning soil is collected disposal.
Compliance test result:
After drip washing terminates, in soil, the content of variety classes heavy metal is respectively after testing: cadmium 30.6 mg/kg, plumbous 855.8 mg/kg, copper 473.6mg/kg, arsenic 18.1 mg/kg.
Embodiment 4
The restorative procedure of the present embodiment heavy-metal contaminated soil is as follows:
A. soil primary dcreening operation: spray water to polluted soil, under the effect of hydrodynamic cleaning, polluted soil carries out primary dcreening operation by screening plant, after screening, removing particle diameter be less than 0.05mm soil particle (short grained soil be difficult to by wash clean, therefore other method process is adopted after unified collection), obtain Soil slurry, its water content is 60 ~ 70wt%.
B. sand-water separating: adopt spiral-flow type sand-water separating device to carry out sand-water separating to the Soil slurry that step a obtains, after removing supernatant, collecting precipitation thing, sedimentary water content remains on 40wt% ~ 50wt%.Before carrying out drip washing, carry out a sand-water separating, drip washing treating capacity can be reduced, save eluent;
C. drip washing operation: the sediment obtained after sand-water separating sends into elution device, and sprinkle eluent in sediment, eluent and the abundant haptoreaction of sediment, every cubic metre of soil adds 0.35m
3eluent, hybrid reaction 1h, enters drip washing liquid phase by heavy metal from solid phase of soil migration; The present embodiment eluent used is the aqueous solution being dissolved with citric acid and calcium chloride, and concentration is: citric acid 1mol/L, calcium chloride 1mol/L.
D. dewater: after drip washing terminates, soil enters dewatering system together with leacheate, and leacheate enters water treatment system, and cleaning soil is collected disposal.
Compliance test result:
After drip washing terminates, in soil, the content of variety classes heavy metal is respectively after testing: cadmium 39.8 mg/kg, plumbous 958.2 mg/kg, copper 588.1mg/kg, arsenic 28.35 mg/kg.
Embodiment 5
The restorative procedure of the present embodiment heavy-metal contaminated soil is as follows:
A. soil primary dcreening operation: spray water to polluted soil, under the effect of hydrodynamic cleaning, polluted soil carries out primary dcreening operation by screening plant, after screening, removing particle diameter be less than 0.05mm soil particle (short grained soil be difficult to by wash clean, therefore other method process is adopted after unified collection), obtain Soil slurry, its water content is 60 ~ 70wt%.
B. sand-water separating: adopt spiral-flow type sand-water separating device to carry out sand-water separating to the Soil slurry that step a obtains, after removing supernatant, collecting precipitation thing, sedimentary water content remains on 40wt% ~ 50wt%.Before carrying out drip washing, carry out a sand-water separating, drip washing treating capacity can be reduced, save eluent;
C. drip washing operation: the sediment obtained after sand-water separating sends into elution device, and sprinkle eluent in sediment, eluent and the abundant haptoreaction of sediment, every cubic metre of soil adds 0.5m
3eluent, hybrid reaction 1h, enters drip washing liquid phase by heavy metal from solid phase of soil migration; The present embodiment eluent used is the aqueous solution being dissolved with citric acid and calcium chloride, and concentration is: citric acid 0.2 mol/L, calcium chloride 2.5 mol/L.
D. dewater: after drip washing terminates, soil enters dewatering system together with leacheate, and leacheate enters water treatment system, and cleaning soil is collected disposal.
Compliance test result:
After drip washing terminates, in soil, the content of variety classes heavy metal is respectively after testing: cadmium 52.5 mg/kg, plumbous 1032.8 mg/kg, copper 622.8mg/kg, arsenic 34.4 mg/kg.
Embodiment 6
The restorative procedure of the present embodiment heavy-metal contaminated soil is as follows:
A. soil primary dcreening operation: spray water to polluted soil, under the effect of hydrodynamic cleaning, polluted soil carries out primary dcreening operation by screening plant, after screening, removing particle diameter be less than 0.05mm soil particle (short grained soil be difficult to by wash clean, therefore other method process is adopted after unified collection), obtain Soil slurry, its water content is 60 ~ 70wt%.
B. sand-water separating: adopt spiral-flow type sand-water separating device to carry out sand-water separating to the Soil slurry that step a obtains, after removing supernatant, collecting precipitation thing, sedimentary water content remains on 40wt% ~ 50wt%.Before carrying out drip washing, carry out a sand-water separating, drip washing treating capacity can be reduced, save eluent;
C. drip washing operation: the sediment obtained after sand-water separating sends into elution device, and sprinkle eluent in sediment, eluent and the abundant haptoreaction of sediment, every cubic metre of soil adds 0.3m
3eluent, hybrid reaction 0.5h, enters drip washing liquid phase by heavy metal from solid phase of soil migration; The present embodiment eluent used is the aqueous solution being dissolved with citric acid and calcium chloride, and concentration is: citric acid 1 mol/L, calcium chloride 2 mol/L.
D. dewater: after drip washing terminates, soil enters dewatering system together with leacheate, and leacheate enters water treatment system, and cleaning soil is collected disposal.
Compliance test result:
After drip washing terminates, in soil, the content of variety classes heavy metal is respectively after testing: cadmium 45.38 mg/kg, plumbous 989.66 mg/kg, copper 541.2mg/kg, arsenic 21.7 mg/kg.
The above embodiment is only that protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto in order to absolutely prove the preferred embodiment that the present invention lifts.The equivalent alternative or conversion that those skilled in the art do on basis of the present invention, all within protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. a method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A. soil primary dcreening operation: to polluted soil water spray, polluted soil carries out primary dcreening operation by screening plant under the effect of hydrodynamic cleaning, and after screening, particle diameter is less than the separated removing of soil particle of 0.05mm, collects remaining Soil slurry;
B. sand-water separating: sand-water separating is carried out to the Soil slurry that step a obtains, after removing supernatant, collecting precipitation thing;
C. drip washing: the abundant haptoreaction of sediment eluent and step b obtained, makes heavy metal enter drip washing liquid phase from solid phase of soil migration;
D. dewater: the soil water desorption of step c after drip washing process.
2. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 1, is characterized in that, eluent is applied on the sediment that step b obtains through spray by step c, and after abundant haptoreaction, heavy metal enters drip washing liquid phase from solid phase of soil migration.
3. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, eluent described in step c is the aqueous solution containing citric acid and calcium chloride.
4. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described eluent is containing, for example the composition of lower concentration:
Citric acid 0.2 ~ 2.5 mol/L;
Calcium chloride 0.5 ~ 2.5 mol/L.
5. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described eluent is containing, for example the composition of lower concentration:
Citric acid 1 ~ 2 mol/L;
Calcium chloride 0.5 ~ 1.5 mol/L.
6. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described eluent is containing, for example the composition of lower concentration:
Citric acid 2 mol/L;
Calcium chloride 0.5 mol/L.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the moisture 60wt% ~ 70wt% of the Soil slurry that step a obtains.
8. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step b is precipitated the moisture 40wt% ~ 50wt% of thing.
9. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the sedimentary volume ratio that eluent described in step c and step b obtain is 3 ~ 5:10.
10. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the sedimentary haptoreaction time that eluent described in step c and step b obtain is 0.5 ~ 1h.
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| CN115582004A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-01-10 | 广州市天益三和能源环保有限公司 | Application of alkaline residue in waste incineration tail gas treatment and treatment method |
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