CN104307858B - A kind of in-situ solidifying removes ecology bag and the application process of heavy metal-polluted soil - Google Patents
A kind of in-situ solidifying removes ecology bag and the application process of heavy metal-polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN104307858B CN104307858B CN201410611997.4A CN201410611997A CN104307858B CN 104307858 B CN104307858 B CN 104307858B CN 201410611997 A CN201410611997 A CN 201410611997A CN 104307858 B CN104307858 B CN 104307858B
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Abstract
The in-situ solidifying that the present invention proposes removes the ecology bag of heavy metal-polluted soil lead, cadmium, chromium, has two-layer packaging bag, and internal layer polypropylene geotextile bag is built with rhodamine 6G modified biomass charcoal macromolecular material;Ectonexine two packaging bag is made up of polypropylene geotextile and terylene geotextiles respectively, and the terylene geotextiles of outer layer is covered on the polypropylene geotextile of internal layer;The macromolecular material being loaded in internal layer cloth bag with biomass straw and rhodamine 6G as presoma, by carbonization, aoxidize, the steps such as polymerization of shrinking are prepared, and rich in pore structure and polyamine molecule, lead, cadmium, chromium ion are had stronger absorption property.Instant invention overcomes tradition fixation in situ passivating technique and only reduce bioavailability of heavy metals; but heavy metal still resides in soil; there is the deficiency of secondary pollution risk; prepare raw material sources in biomass; environmental protection, technique is simple, to the lead in soil, cadmium, chromium removal efficiency height; meet recycling economy development needs, there is large-scale production application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to safety of soil environment and resource reutilization technical field, relate to a kind of in-situ solidifying-remove heavy metal-polluted soil lead, cadmium,
The ecology bag of chromium and application process.
Background technology
Soil is one of Main Natural Resources of depending on for existence of the mankind, but along with the continuous expansion of China's industrial and agricultural production scale, a soil huge sum of money
Belong to pollution the most serious.Heavy metal pollution of soil has disguise, cumulative bad and transitivity, to health, economical production, ecological environment etc.
Cause multiple harm, it has also become restriction China's sustainable development and the key factor of construction of harmonious society.Having investigation display, China is by heavy metal-polluted
The cultivated area of dye has reached 20,000,000 hectares, accounts for the 1/6 of whole nation total area under cultivation.Wherein, by mining area contaminated land 2,000,000 hectares, oil
Contaminated land about 5,000,000 hectares, solid waste is stacked pollution about 50,000 hectares, nearly 10,000,000 hectares of " three industrial wastes " pollution arable land, is polluted
Farmland area reaches more than 330 ten thousand hectares.To this end, research remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil, effectively administer heavy metal pollution of soil, it is ensured that soil
The sustainable use of resource, it has also become problem demanding prompt solution.
At present, heavy metal pollution of soil exceeds standard the most fixing passivating technique of in situ Treatment process and microorganism remediation technology.Soil fixing
Technology is directed in soil add fixative, and regulation changes heavy metal contaminants chemical form in soil and occurrence status, thus reduces a huge sum of money
The biological effectiveness belonged to and animal migration, reduce the absorption of plant heavy metal.In view of heavy metal pollution of soil often refers to area very greatly, various works
The high cost of journey reclamation activities, and original position soil immobilization technology has the features such as economical and efficient, easy to operate, effect is quick, in soil face
Pollution control field, source has the advantage of uniqueness, meets the needs of China's sustainable agriculture development, is just used widely in contaminated soil is administered.
But no matter using which kind of fixative, the heavy metal of final adsorbed passivation is all stayed in soil, and such as environmental condition change not, biology has
Effect property may be recovered again, causes soil secondary pollution.
The present invention propose in-situ solidifying remove heavy metal-polluted soil lead, cadmium, chromium ecology bag by the terylene geotextiles of outer layer, the polypropylene of internal layer
The bag of spun-bonded non-woven fabrics composition, and the rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material being loaded in internal layer polypropylene spunbond non-woven fabrics is common
Composition.The biomass-based charcoal macromolecular material being loaded in cloth bag with agricultural biomass straw and rhodamine 6G as presoma, by carbonization, activation,
The steps such as carboxylated and rhodamine 6G amination modifying are prepared, and rich in pore structure and polyamine molecule, have stronger absorption property to lead ion,
Heavy metal lead in energy active adsorption fixing soil, cadmium, chromium.The terylene geotextiles of bag outer layer has certain UV resistance, imposes on soil
In can reach need use the ecological time limit.
A kind of in-situ solidifying that the present invention proposes removes heavy metal-polluted soil lead, cadmium, the ecology bag of chromium and application process, it is characterised in that:
A), in-situ solidifying removes the composition of ecology bag of heavy metal-polluted soil lead, cadmium, chromium: include bag and the rhodamine 6G being loaded in bag
Modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material collectively forms.Bag is covered on polypropylene spunbond non-woven fabrics by the terylene geotextiles of anti-U V corrosive nature
It is made;In the polypropylene spunbond non-woven fabrics that rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material is loaded in bag.
B), the preparation process of rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material: maturation agricultural biomass powder of straw addition phosphoric acid is existed
In blanket of nitrogen, heat-activated prepares the multiporous biological matter base charcoal of the oxygen-containing functional groups such as rich surface hydroxyl and/or carboxylic acid group, takes 5 grams of above-mentioned biologies
Matter base charcoal adds 100~the 10 of 500ml~the nitric acid stirring 1~10 hours of 50%, after after completion of the reaction product washing and filtering being dried, and dispersion
In 50~200ml toluene and 0.5~2.0g rhodamine 6G, stirring, add 5 grams of N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimides, backflow is anti-
Answer 8~48 hours.Product is filtered, clean, dry to obtain novel rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal charcoal macromolecular material.
C), the in-situ solidifying of heavy metal-polluted soil: will be equipped with the ecology bag of rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal by Flos Mume, chessboard, net
Lattice, snakelike method are applied in mild or moderate heavy metals exceeding standard soil, place 15~180 days.One or several during wherein heavy metal is lead, cadmium, chromium
Kind, will be equipped with in the ecology bag embedment upland field soil of 500g rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal 10~20cm, or directly system is fixed on paddy field
On soil surface, ecology bag amount of application is 20/every mu (each ecology bag includes 500g rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal), soil water-containing
Rate is not less than 20%, and soil pH value is 5~9.
D), the removing of heavy metal-polluted soil: the rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal ecology bag of Adsorption of Heavy Metals is taken out from soil, complete
One-tenth heavy metal-polluted soil in-situ solidifying-remove.
The excellent results of the present invention is as follows:
(1) easy to use: only the ecology bag of built-in rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material need to be executed and is distributed in a huge sum of money during use
Genus lead, cadmium, chromium exceed standard in soil, through after a period of time, then are taken out from soil by the ecology bag adsorbing saturated heavy metal, complete soil weight
The in-situ solidifying of metal-remove;
(2) environmental protection: overcome tradition fixation in situ-passivating technique and only reduce bioavailability of heavy metals, but heavy metal is still retained
In soil, and there is the deficiency of secondary pollution risk;Prepare raw material sources in agricultural biomass straw, widely distributed in farmland, inexpensive,
The preparation method of the biomass-based charcoal used is ripe, low cost, and polyreaction grafting polyamine method technique is simple, effective, and biomass-based charcoal exists
Soil is widely present, green non-poisonous, pollution-free during preparing activated carbon, not welding.
(3) repairing effect is good: rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material is big to the lead in soil, cadmium, chromium ion adsorption capacity,
The rate of adsorption is fast, can effectively remove micro heavy lead, cadmium, chromium, lead, cadmium, chromium are had good Selective adsorption, by soil acidity or alkalinity,
The Environmental Factors such as PK are little, and purification efficiency is high, and removal effect is good;
(4) preparation technology of the present invention is simple, economy, environmental protection, meet the needs of recycling economy development, there is large-scale production and application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, but is not limited to this.
Example 1:
Being soaked 12 hours with the mass ratio of 1: 1 with phosphoric acid by bagasse powder after clean drying, the bagasse powder after soaking is placed in 60 DEG C of baking ovens,
Pre-carbonization 10 hours, puts in microwave reactor, under the protection of the nitrogen stream of 50ml/min, and constant temperature activation 22 under conditions of 900W
Minute the biomass-based charcoal of bagasse.The HCl solution that biomass-based for above-mentioned 5g charcoal mass fraction is 10% is stirred purification 5 at 60 DEG C little
Time, then biological powdered carbon after purification is added 300ml 32.5% nitric acid stir 5 hours, weigh the powdered carbon 5g after above-mentioned nitric acid oxidation,
Add the toluene of 100ml and 1 gram of rhodamine 6G, agitating heating uniformly after, add 5 grams of N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimides, back flow reaction 48
Hour.Rhodamine 6G modification bagasse base charcoal polymer composite is obtained after dry for product washing drying.
500g rhodamine 6G modification bagasse base charcoal polymer composite is loaded by two-layer inside and outside polypropylene spunbond non-woven fabrics and terylene geotextiles
In the bag that cloth is made, prepared in-situ solidifying removes the ecology bag of heavy metal-polluted soil.Above-mentioned 5 ecology bags are fixed on gridding method
The heavy metal cadmium of 20 square meters exceeds standard 5cm under rice test water in field, place 30 days (for examination paddy soil selected from Jiangsu, belong to subacidity soil,
PH value is 5.8, total cadmium content 5mg/kg in soil).By the rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal ecology bag of Adsorption of Heavy Metals from soil after 30 days
Taking out in earth, complete the in-situ solidifying of heavy metal-polluted soil lead-remove, in ecology bag, rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material is to lead
Adsorbance be 32.6mg/g.
Example 2:
The rhodamine 6G modification bagasse base charcoal polymer composite 250g prepared in treating excess syndrome example 1 loads by polypropylene spunbond non-woven fabrics and washs
In the bag that inside and outside synthetic fibre geotextiles, two layers of cloth is made, prepared in-situ solidifying removes the ecology bag of heavy metal-polluted soil.By above-mentioned 5 ecology bags
Be fixed on the heavy metal cadmium of 20 square meters with gridding method to exceed standard 5cm under rice test water in field, place 30 days (for examination paddy soil selected from Jiangsu,
Belonging to subacidity soil, pH value is 5.8, total cadmium content 50mg/kg in soil).By the rhodamine 6G modification biological of Adsorption of Heavy Metals after 30 days
Matter base charcoal ecology bag takes out from soil, completes the in-situ solidifying of soil heavy metal cadmium-remove, rhodamine 6G modified biomass base in ecology bag
Charcoal macromolecular material is 19.2mg/g. to the adsorbance of cadmium
Example 3:
The rhodamine 6G modification bagasse base charcoal polymer composite 500g prepared in treating excess syndrome example 1 loads by polypropylene spunbond non-woven fabrics and terylene
In the bag that inside and outside geotextiles, two layers of cloth is made, prepared in-situ solidifying removes the ecology bag of heavy metal-polluted soil.By above-mentioned 10 ecology bags
Be fixed on the heavy metal lead of 20 square meters with gridding method to exceed standard 5cm under rice test water in field, place 20 days (for examination paddy soil from Jiangsu,
Belonging to subacidity soil, pH value is 5.8, total chromium content in soil content 600mg/kg).By the rhodamine 6G modification biological of Adsorption of Heavy Metals after 30 days
Matter base charcoal ecology bag takes out from soil, completes the in-situ solidifying of heavy metal-polluted soil lead-remove, rhodamine 6G modified biomass base in ecology bag
Charcoal macromolecular material is 33.8mg/g. to the adsorbance of chromium
Example 4:
Corn stem after clean drying is pulverized, soaks 12 hours with the mass ratio of 2: 1 with the phosphoric acid that mass concentration is 30%, will leaching
Oryza sativa L. cane powder after bubble is inserted in tube furnace after drying, and under the protection of the nitrogen stream of 50ml/min, is warmed up to 450 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min,
And constant temperature carbonization 2.0 hours at such a temperature, being washed till PH with distilled water after cooling is 7.0.Then, clean product is put in baking oven with
105 DEG C of drying.Above-mentioned for 10g biomass-based carbon powder 200ml10%HCl solution is stirred 5 hours at 60 DEG C, purified biology
Carbon powder adds the nitric acid of the 32.5% of 300ml again and stirs 3 hours, and then it be washed till neutral drying.Weigh the charcoal after above-mentioned nitric acid oxidation
Powder 5g, adds the toluene of 150ml and 1.5 grams of rhodamine 6Gs, agitating heating uniformly after, adds 5 grams of N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimides, time
Stream reaction 24 hours.Rhodamine 6G modification Oryza sativa L. based biomass base charcoal polymer composite is obtained after dry for product washing drying.
Above-mentioned for 500g corn straw modification based biomass base charcoal polymer composite is loaded by polypropylene spunbond non-woven fabrics and terylene geotextiles
In the bag that inside and outside two layers of cloth is made, prepared in-situ solidifying removes the ecology bag of heavy metal-polluted soil.By above-mentioned 5 ecology bags with gridding method
Be fixed on the heavy metal lead of 20 square meters to exceed standard 10cm under upland field soil, place 30 days (for examination dryland soil selected from experiment field, Nan Nong Pukou, pH
Value is 7.6, and keeping soil water-containing is the 60% of field capacity, total lead content 200mg/kg in soil).By Adsorption of Heavy Metals lead after 30 days
Modified biomass base charcoal base ecology bag takes out from soil, completes the in-situ solidifying of heavy metal-polluted soil lead-remove, and in ecology bag, rhodamine 6G changes
The biomass-based charcoal macromolecular material of property is 21.2mg/g to the adsorbance of lead.
Example 5:
The rhodamine 6G corn straw modification based biomass base charcoal polymer composite 250g prepared in treating excess syndrome example 2 loads by polypropylene spunbond
In the bag that inside and outside non-woven fabrics and terylene geotextiles, two layers of cloth is made, prepared in-situ solidifying removes the ecology bag of heavy metal-polluted soil.By above-mentioned
5 ecology bags are fixed on the heavy metal lead of 20 square meters with chessboard method and exceed standard 10cm under upland field soil, place 30 days (for examination dryland soil selected from south
Experiment field, agriculture Pukou, pH value is 7.6, and keeping soil water-containing is the 60% of field capacity, total lead content 200mg/kg in soil).30 days
After the rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal ecology bag of Adsorption of Heavy Metals is taken out from soil, complete the in-situ solidifying-shifting of soil heavy metal cadmium
Removing, in ecology bag, rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material is 16.7mg/g. to the adsorbance of cadmium
Example 6:
The rhodamine 6G modification bagasse base charcoal polymer composite 250g prepared in treating excess syndrome example 1 loads by polypropylene spunbond non-woven fabrics and terylene
In the bag that inside and outside geotextiles, two layers of cloth is made, prepared in-situ solidifying removes the ecology bag of heavy metal-polluted soil.By above-mentioned 10 ecology bags
It is fixed on the heavy metal lead of 20 square meters with gridding method to exceed standard 10cm under upland field soil, places 30 days and (test selected from Nan Nong Pukou for examination dryland soil
Field, pH value is 7.6, and keeping soil moisture content is the 60% of field capacity, total lead content 200mg/kg in soil).Will absorption after 30 days
The rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal ecology bag of heavy metal takes out from soil, completes the in-situ solidifying of heavy metal-polluted soil lead-remove, ecological
In Dai, rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material is 33.2mg/g to the adsorbance of chromium.
Claims (2)
1. an in-situ solidifying removes the ecology bag of heavy metal-polluted soil lead, cadmium, chromium, it is characterised in that:
Collectively formed by bag and the rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material being loaded in bag;
Described bag is covered on polypropylene spunbond non-woven fabrics making by the terylene geotextiles of uv blocking corrosive nature
Form;
Described rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material is loaded on the polypropylene spunbond in bag internal layer
In nonwoven layer;
The preparation process of described rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material: by maturation agro-ecology
Matter powder of straw addition phosphoric acid heat-activated in blanket of nitrogen prepares rich surface hydroxyl and/or carboxylic acid group is oxygen-containing
The multiporous biological matter base charcoal of functional group, takes 5 grams of above-mentioned biomass-based charcoals and adds 100~the 10 of 500ml~50%
Nitric acid stirring 1~10 hours, after after completion of the reaction product washing and filtering being dried, be distributed to 50~
In 200ml toluene and 0.5~2.0g rhodamine 6G, stir, add 5 grams of N, N '-dicyclohexyls
Carbodiimide, back flow reaction 8~48 hours;Product is filtered, clean, dry to obtain rhodamine 6G
Modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material;
Described agricultural biomass straw include bagasse, corn straw, wheat stalk, soybean stalk and
Cotton stalk.
2. the in-situ solidifying as described in power 1 removes the using of ecology bag of heavy metal-polluted soil lead, cadmium, chromium
Method, it is characterised in that:
1), the in-situ solidifying of heavy metal-polluted soil: will be equipped with rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal macromolecule material
The ecology bag of material is applied in mild or moderate heavy metals exceeding standard soil with Flos Mume, chessboard, grid, snakelike method,
Place 15~180 days;
Described ecology bag bag is built with rhodamine 6G modified biomass base charcoal macromolecular material 500g, and buries
Entering in upland field soil 10~20cm, or be directly anchored on paddy field soil surface, amount of application is 10~20
Individual/every mu;
Described soil moisture content is not less than 20%, and soil pH value is 5~9;
2), the removing of heavy metal-polluted soil: the ecology bag of Adsorption of Heavy Metals is taken out from soil, completes soil
Heavy metal in-situ solidifying-remove.
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CN109821876A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-05-31 | 湖州师范学院 | A kind of technique for administering heavy metal pollution of soil |
CN110076191A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-02 | 山东师范大学 | A kind of heavy metal that passivator can be removed from soil passivation restorative procedure |
CN112090950A (en) * | 2020-05-23 | 2020-12-18 | 北京博泰至淳生物科技有限公司 | Paddy field heavy metal pollution remediation material and processing method and remediation method thereof |
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JPH11156338A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-06-15 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Remedial method of contaminated soil |
CN101704017B (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2012-10-17 | 赵烨 | Method and device for extracting heavy metal ions from soil |
CN102601104A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-07-25 | 珠海国佳高分子新材料有限公司 | Embattling treatment method of environment polluted by toxic heavy metals, inorganic matters and organic matters |
CN203410121U (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2014-01-29 | 肇庆俊富纤网材料有限公司 | Compound ecological cloth and ecological bag |
CN103357387B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-04-15 | 河南省科学院化学研究所有限公司 | Novel polyaniline/modified acrylic fiber adsorbent and preparation method thereof |
CN104001715B (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2016-09-28 | 复旦大学 | A kind of method of in-situ solidifying-remove heavy metal-polluted soil |
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