CN104304427A - Fresh keeping method of porphyra haitanensis - Google Patents
Fresh keeping method of porphyra haitanensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN104304427A CN104304427A CN201410550590.5A CN201410550590A CN104304427A CN 104304427 A CN104304427 A CN 104304427A CN 201410550590 A CN201410550590 A CN 201410550590A CN 104304427 A CN104304427 A CN 104304427A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fresh keeping method of porphyra haitanensis. The fresh keeping method sequentially comprises the following steps: pretreatment, bacterium reduction treatment, fresh keeping treatment, centrifugal dewatering, vacuum packaging and preservation, wherein the pretreatment concretely comprises the following steps: washing fresh porphyra haitanensis by clear seawater for at least one time so as to remove sediments in the porphyra haitanensis, and introducing air into the clear seawater by using aeration equipment to generate bubbles so as to turn over the porphyra haitanensis in the process of washing the porphyra haitanensis by the clear seawater. According to the fresh keeping method of the porphyra haitanensis disclosed by the invention, as air introducing and bubbling in the clear seawater are capable of fully turning over the porphyra haitanensis and impacting the surface of the porphyra haitanensis, the sediments are completely washed, sediment removal speed is higher than that of ordinary washing, and sediment removal effect is good; along with sediment removal, total content of microorganisms can also be lowered to maximum, thus greatly lowering difficulty of subsequent treatment of the porphyra haitanensis; meanwhile, the structure of the porphyra haitanensis can not be damaged by turning over the porphyra haitanensis by utilizing an air flow in the aeration equipment, so that shape of the porphyra haitanensis can be well kept.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preservation method of porphyra haitanensis, especially relate to the fresh-keeping method of guaranteeing the quality of fresh porphyra haitanensis.
Background technology
Laver nutritive is worth high, containing rich in protein, amino acid, polysaccharide, dietary fiber, carrotene, vitamin A, vitamin B1, B2, the materials such as vitamin C, vitamin B12 and choline, the several mineral materials such as Ca, P, Fe, Mg, I, Se, Zn and Mn simultaneously also containing needed by human body, and mouthfeel is soft, sharp and clear, unique flavor.The term of laver has very strong seasonality, and the fresh state laver preservation time is short, adds at present both at home and abroad about fresh laver is fresh-keeping and control technology research little, so the dried product being mainly laver that market occurs.But because the laver product freshness after processing is poor, color and luster is not tempting, edible quality is difficult to be equal to mutually with fresh laver, because which limit people's eating laver.
At present both at home and abroad about the technical research that fresh laver is fresh-keeping and control is little, temperature is from rising etc. from multiple sport technique segments such as the pretreatment of the fresh-keeping design of porphyra haitanensis, method for packing, quick-frozen and refrigerated storage temperatures, with the technology of-18 DEG C of cold storage, solve a preservation difficult problem for fresh goods, extend the shelf-life of fresh laver, but its energy consumption is very large, and the storage temperature of-18 DEG C is in market circulation process, and the operation difficulty of cold chain is larger.Xu Gang etc. utilize microwave energy to carry out sterilization to inner wrapping laver, result shows that microwave sterilizing effect is better, total plate count is all lower than blank group, and the content loss of the main nutrient composition protein of laver, iodine is minimum, shelf-life is longer than the product through general method for disinfection process, but microwave disinfection is because the permeability of microwave itself, Decay Rate can cause the uneven of sterilization, being heated of laver inside is uneven, temperature rising can cause the change of the quality such as color and luster, quality of laver product, and microwave disinfection is limited to the bactericidal effect of laver.In addition, application notification number is laver preservation method disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application " preservation method of a main laver " of CN103859003A (application number is 201410130701.7), although the freshness of laver can be guaranteed, but the micro organism quantity that can not effectively control in laver, thus substantially reduce the shelf life of laver.
From prior art, at present in the processing procedure of laver, its preprocessing process is all relatively simple, even if this just makes laver can not well control its cleannes through preprocessing process, in laver, the whole content of microorganism declines limited, then add the intractability of follow-up bacteria reducing processing procedure.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of preservation method that at utmost can reduce the porphyra haitanensis of impurity and content of microorganisms in preprocessing process for above-mentioned prior art.
The present invention's adopted technical scheme that solves the problem is: a kind of preservation method of porphyra haitanensis, comprise pretreatment, bacteria reducing process, Preservation Treatment, centrifugal dehydration, vacuum packaging and preservation steps successively, it is characterized in that: described pre-treatment step is specially: utilized by fresh porphyra haitanensis the cleaning of clarification seawater at least one times to remove the silt in porphyra haitanensis, in the process of clarification seawater cleaning porphyra haitanensis, using aeration equipment to ventilate to clarification seawater, bubbling is to stir impact porphyra haitanensis, and wherein said clarification seawater is the seawater after silt filtration treatment.
Preferably, the material water quality of described porphyra haitanensis and clarification seawater is than being 1:1 ~ 1:6, the air-flow time of agitating of described aeration equipment is 1min ~ 5min, and the Ventilation Rate of described aeration equipment is the throughput of every square metre of liquid level area each second in the tank placed of porphyra haitanensis is 0.01 ~ 0.03 cubic metre.
In order to the content of microorganism farthest can be reduced, described bacteria reducing treatment step is specially: utilize ultraviolet-sterilization seawater to clean pretreated porphyra haitanensis, then in described ultraviolet-sterilization seawater, pull porphyra haitanensis out draining, wherein said ultraviolet-sterilization seawater is the clarification seawater after ultraviolet-sterilization;
Again the porphyra haitanensis after described draining is utilized ClO
2solution impregnation process, then by porphyra haitanensis from described ClO
2draining is pulled out in solution;
Or pretreated porphyra haitanensis is put into ClO
2solution impregnation process, then by porphyra haitanensis from described ClO
2draining is pulled out in solution;
Wherein, described ClO
2solution is to clarify seawater for solvent.
Preferably, the total plate count in described ultraviolet-sterilization seawater is less than 3000cfu/ml, and described porphyra haitanensis is 1:1.5 ~ 1:3 with the material water quality ratio of ultraviolet-sterilization seawater; Described ClO
2the mass concentration of solution is 10mg/L ~ 50mg/L, and described porphyra haitanensis is at ClO
2dip time in solution is 20s ~ 120s, described porphyra haitanensis and ClO
2the material water quality of solution is than being 1:1 ~ 1:2.
Described Preservation Treatment step is specially: the porphyra haitanensis after bacteria reducing process is placed in composite fresh-keeping agent solution and soaks 5min ~ 15min, the component comprised in wherein said composite fresh-keeping agent solution has Tea Polyphenols, potassium sorbate, sodium Diacetate and sodium chloride, in wherein said composite fresh-keeping agent solution, the mass concentration of Tea Polyphenols is not more than 0.75%, the mass concentration of potassium sorbate is not more than 0.5%, the mass concentration of sodium Diacetate is not more than 0.75%, the mass concentration of sodium chloride is not less than 2.5%, the feed liquid mass ratio of described porphyra haitanensis and described composite preservative solvent is 1:2 ~ 1:6.
Described centrifugal dehydration step is specially: the porphyra haitanensis after Preservation Treatment is put into centrifuge and to dewater 5s ~ 20s, wherein the separation factor of centrifuge is 164 ~ 600.
Described vacuum packaging step is specially: the porphyra haitanensis through centrifugal dehydration is carried out vacuum packaging at normal temperatures, and described vacuum-packed vacuum is not less than 95KPa.
Described preservation steps is specially: the porphyra haitanensis after described vacuum packaging is placed in 0 ~ 4 DEG C of temperature environment and refrigerates.
Preferably, described porphyra haitanensis is the fresh porphyra haitanensis picking up from Ningbo Xiangshan Bay.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the preservation method of this porphyra haitanensis is in pre-treatment step, increase in the process of clarification seawater cleaning porphyra haitanensis and use aeration equipment ventilation in clarification seawater, then air-flow forms bubbling and fully can stir porphyra haitanensis and impact laver surface in clarification seawater, remove the impurity such as the silt of laver surface adhesion, make the cleaning of silt in laver more thorough, go the washing that silt speed is also more general faster, less than 5 minutes can be down to from more than 15 minutes by going the time of silt, and the silt clearance of laver can be brought up to more than 95% from general less than 90%, go the better effects if of silt, the removal of silt thereupon, then the total content of microorganism also can farthest reduce, greatly reduce the difficulty of porphyra haitanensis subsequent treatment.What utilize the air-flow in aeration equipment to carry out porphyra haitanensis stirs the structure can not destroying laver simultaneously, can better retain the form of laver, uses seawater to carry out rinsing the quality that effectively can keep laver.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the preservation method flow chart of porphyra haitanensis in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 2 is the preservation method flow chart of porphyra haitanensis in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, the preservation method of the porphyra haitanensis in the present embodiment, comprise the steps such as pretreatment, bacteria reducing process, Preservation Treatment, centrifugal dehydration, vacuum packaging and preservation successively, its concrete steps are as follows:
Pre-treatment step: select the fresh porphyra haitanensis picking up from Ningbo Xiangshan Bay, detect through experiment, the primary colony of this fresh porphyra haitanensis adds up to 7.7*10
4cfu/g, fresh porphyra haitanensis is utilized clarification seawater cleaning twice, clarification seawater not only effectively can remove the silt in porphyra haitanensis, ensure that the color and luster product phase of porphyra haitanensis simultaneously, the material water quality of porphyra haitanensis used and clarification seawater, than being 1:4, wherein being clarified seawater and is the seawater after silt filtration treatment.In the process of clarification seawater cleaning porphyra haitanensis, use aeration equipment to ventilate bubbling 5min to stir porphyra haitanensis in clarification seawater, the Ventilation Rate of aeration equipment is the throughput of every square metre of liquid level area each second in the tank placed of porphyra haitanensis is 0.02 cubic metre.Wherein, aeration equipment can select oxygen charging pump or air blast etc. can carry out the aeration equipment of ventilating.After this preprocessing process, through experiment detect, eliminate in former porphyra haitanensis with 98% silt, simultaneously after this preprocessing process, in porphyra haitanensis, total plate count reduces to 6.0*10
3cfu/g.
Bacteria reducing treatment step: utilize ultraviolet-sterilization seawater to clean pretreated porphyra haitanensis, porphyra haitanensis used is 1:2 with the material water quality ratio of ultraviolet-sterilization seawater, wherein ultraviolet-sterilization seawater, be the clarification seawater after ultraviolet-sterilization, the total plate count in the present embodiment medium ultraviolet sterilization seawater is 2000cfu/ml.Porphyra haitanensis, after the cleaning of ultraviolet-sterilization seawater, then pulls porphyra haitanensis out draining in ultraviolet-sterilization seawater, and the laver after this draining is carried out experiment and detect, its total plate count reduces to 2.2*10
3cfu/g.Again the porphyra haitanensis after draining is utilized ClO
2solution impregnation process 40s, wherein, ClO
2the mass concentration of solution is 30mg/L, porphyra haitanensis used and ClO
2the material water quality of solution than being 1:2, then by porphyra haitanensis from ClO
2draining is pulled out in solution.Wherein aforesaid ClO
2solution all to clarify seawater for solvent, so farthest can preserve local flavor, quality, the color and luster of laver.Porphyra haitanensis after this draining detects through experiment, and the total plate count in it is down to 1.1*10
3cfu/g.
Preservation Treatment step: the porphyra haitanensis after bacteria reducing process is placed in composite fresh-keeping agent solution and soaks 10min, the component comprised in composite fresh-keeping agent solution has Tea Polyphenols, potassium sorbate, sodium Diacetate and sodium chloride, the mass concentration of the Tea Polyphenols wherein in composite fresh-keeping agent solution is 0.5%, the mass concentration of potassium sorbate is 0.25%, the mass concentration of sodium Diacetate is 0.5%, the mass concentration of sodium chloride is 2.5%, and the feed liquid mass ratio of porphyra haitanensis used and composite preservative solvent is 1:5.Wherein, composite fresh-keeping agent solution comprises sodium chloride solute to increase the salinity of solution, can prevent the effect of the local flavor of the composition influence lavers such as the magnesium chloride in seawater, quality and antistaling agent.
Centrifugal dehydration step: put into link-suspended basket centrifuge by after the porphyra haitanensis absorbent gauze parcel of Preservation Treatment, the separation factor of adjustment centrifuge is 272, is dewatered by porphyra haitanensis 15 seconds, and the moisture of the porphyra haitanensis after dehydration after testing in it is 81.7%.
Vacuum packaging step: the porphyra haitanensis after centrifugal dehydration is carried out vacuum packaging at normal temperatures, vacuum-packed vacuum is 97KPa.
Preservation steps: refrigerate under the fresh porphyra haitanensis after vacuum packaging is placed in 1 DEG C of temperature environment.(in embodiment, being necessary for determined value)
Porphyra haitanensis natural in color after above-mentioned preservation method process is fresh, and its shelf life can reach more than 90 days, and overall power consumption is low.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 2, the preservation method of the porphyra haitanensis in the present embodiment, comprise the steps such as pretreatment, bacteria reducing process, Preservation Treatment, centrifugal dehydration, vacuum packaging and preservation successively, its concrete steps are as follows:
Pre-treatment step: select the fresh porphyra haitanensis picking up from Ningbo Xiangshan Bay, detect through experiment, the primary colony of this fresh porphyra haitanensis adds up to 7.7*10
4cfu/g, fresh porphyra haitanensis is utilized the cleaning of clarification seawater once, thus while removing the silt in porphyra haitanensis, ensure that the color and luster product phase of porphyra haitanensis, the material water quality of porphyra haitanensis used and clarification seawater is than being 1:2,, wherein clarify the seawater that seawater is the clarification through silt filtration treatment.In the process of clarification seawater cleaning porphyra haitanensis, use aeration equipment to ventilate bubbling 3min to stir porphyra haitanensis in clarification seawater, the Ventilation Rate of aeration equipment is the throughput of every square metre of liquid level area each second in the tank placed of porphyra haitanensis is 0.02 cubic metre.Wherein, aeration equipment can select oxygen charging pump or air blast etc. can carry out the aeration equipment of ventilating.After this preprocessing process, eliminate in former porphyra haitanensis with 96% silt, through experiment detect, after this preprocessing process, in porphyra haitanensis, total plate count reduces to 6.7*10
3cfu/g.
Bacteria reducing treatment step: pretreated porphyra haitanensis is put into ClO
2solution impregnation process 20s, wherein, ClO
2the mass concentration of solution is 10mg/L, porphyra haitanensis used and ClO
2the material water quality of solution than being 1:1, then by porphyra haitanensis from ClO
2draining is pulled out in solution.Wherein aforesaid ClO
2solution all to clarify seawater for solvent, so farthest can preserve local flavor, quality, the color and luster of laver.After testing, the total plate count in it is down to 1.3*10 to porphyra haitanensis after draining
3cfu/g.
Preservation Treatment step: the porphyra haitanensis after bacteria reducing process is placed in composite fresh-keeping agent solution and soaks 5min, the component comprised in composite fresh-keeping agent solution has Tea Polyphenols, potassium sorbate, sodium Diacetate and sodium chloride, the mass concentration of the Tea Polyphenols wherein in composite fresh-keeping agent solution is 0.25%, the mass concentration of potassium sorbate is 0.1%, the mass concentration of sodium Diacetate is 0.4%, the mass concentration of sodium chloride is 2.5%, and the feed liquid mass ratio of porphyra haitanensis used and composite preservative solvent is 1:3.Wherein, composite fresh-keeping agent solution comprises sodium chloride solute to increase the salinity of solution, can prevent the effect of the local flavor of the composition influence lavers such as the magnesium chloride in seawater, quality and antistaling agent.
Centrifugal dehydration step: put into link-suspended basket centrifuge by after the porphyra haitanensis absorbent gauze parcel of Preservation Treatment, the separation factor of adjustment centrifuge is 336, is dewatered by porphyra haitanensis 10 seconds, and the moisture of the porphyra haitanensis after dehydration after testing in it is 82.3%.
Vacuum packaging step: the porphyra haitanensis after centrifugal dehydration is carried out vacuum packaging at normal temperatures, vacuum-packed vacuum is 96KPa.
Preservation steps: refrigerate under the fresh porphyra haitanensis after vacuum packaging is placed in 2 DEG C of temperature environments.
Porphyra haitanensis natural in color after above-mentioned preservation method process is fresh, and its shelf life can reach more than 90 days, and overall power consumption is low.
Claims (9)
1. the preservation method of a porphyra haitanensis, comprise pretreatment, bacteria reducing process, Preservation Treatment, centrifugal dehydration, vacuum packaging and preservation steps successively, it is characterized in that: described pre-treatment step is specially: utilized by fresh porphyra haitanensis the cleaning of clarification seawater at least one times to remove the silt in porphyra haitanensis, in the process of clarification seawater cleaning porphyra haitanensis, using aeration equipment to ventilate to clarification seawater, bubbling is to stir porphyra haitanensis, and wherein said clarification seawater is the seawater after silt filtration treatment.
2. the preservation method of porphyra haitanensis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the material water quality of described porphyra haitanensis and clarification seawater is than being 1:1 ~ 1:6, the air-flow time of agitating of described aeration equipment is 1min ~ 5min, and the Ventilation Rate of described aeration equipment is the throughput of every square metre of liquid level area each second in the tank placed of porphyra haitanensis is 0.01 ~ 0.03 cubic metre.
3. the preservation method of porphyra haitanensis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bacteria reducing treatment step is specially: utilize ultraviolet-sterilization seawater to clean pretreated porphyra haitanensis, then in described ultraviolet-sterilization seawater, pull porphyra haitanensis out draining, wherein said ultraviolet-sterilization seawater is the clarification seawater after ultraviolet-sterilization;
Again the porphyra haitanensis after described draining is utilized ClO
2solution impregnation process, then by porphyra haitanensis from described ClO
2draining is pulled out in solution;
Or pretreated porphyra haitanensis is put into ClO
2solution impregnation process, then by porphyra haitanensis from described ClO
2draining is pulled out in solution;
Wherein, described ClO
2solution is to clarify seawater for solvent.
4. the preservation method of porphyra haitanensis according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the total plate count in described ultraviolet-sterilization seawater is less than 3000cfu/ml, and described porphyra haitanensis is 1:1.5 ~ 1:3 with the material water quality ratio of ultraviolet-sterilization seawater; Described ClO
2the mass concentration of solution is 10mg/L ~ 50mg/L, and described porphyra haitanensis is at ClO
2dip time in solution is 20s ~ 120s, described porphyra haitanensis and ClO
2the material water quality of solution is than being 1:1 ~ 1:2.
5. the preservation method of porphyra haitanensis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Preservation Treatment step is specially: the porphyra haitanensis after bacteria reducing process is placed in composite fresh-keeping agent solution and soaks 5min ~ 15min, the component comprised in wherein said composite fresh-keeping agent solution has Tea Polyphenols, potassium sorbate, sodium Diacetate and sodium chloride, in wherein said composite fresh-keeping agent solution, the mass concentration of Tea Polyphenols is not more than 0.75%, the mass concentration of potassium sorbate is not more than 0.5%, the mass concentration of sodium Diacetate is not more than 0.75%, the mass concentration of sodium chloride is not less than 2.5%, the feed liquid mass ratio of described porphyra haitanensis and described composite preservative solvent is 1:2 ~ 1:6.
6. the preservation method of porphyra haitanensis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described centrifugal dehydration step is specially: the porphyra haitanensis after Preservation Treatment is put into centrifuge and to dewater 5s ~ 20s, wherein the separation factor of centrifuge is 164 ~ 600.
7. the preservation method of porphyra haitanensis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described vacuum packaging step is specially: the porphyra haitanensis through centrifugal dehydration is carried out vacuum packaging at normal temperatures, and described vacuum-packed vacuum is not less than 95KPa.
8. the preservation method of porphyra haitanensis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described preservation steps is specially: the porphyra haitanensis after described vacuum packaging is placed in 0 DEG C ~ 4 DEG C temperature environments and refrigerates.
9., according to the preservation method of the porphyra haitanensis of claim 1 ~ 8 arbitrarily described in claim, it is characterized in that: described porphyra haitanensis is the fresh porphyra haitanensis picking up from Ningbo Xiangshan Bay.
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| CN201410550590.5A CN104304427A (en) | 2014-10-16 | 2014-10-16 | Fresh keeping method of porphyra haitanensis |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410550590.5A CN104304427A (en) | 2014-10-16 | 2014-10-16 | Fresh keeping method of porphyra haitanensis |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105223222A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-01-06 | 宁波大学 | A kind of discrimination method of difference porphyra haitanensis harvest time |
| CN110100718A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-09 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of porphyra haitanensis cold net cultural method suitable for northern sea area |
| CN115812925A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-03-21 | 江苏海洋大学 | Composite bacterium-reducing method for dried porphyra yezoensis |
-
2014
- 2014-10-16 CN CN201410550590.5A patent/CN104304427A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105223222A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-01-06 | 宁波大学 | A kind of discrimination method of difference porphyra haitanensis harvest time |
| CN105223222B (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2017-05-10 | 宁波大学 | Identification method for porphyra haitanensis in different harvesting periods |
| CN110100718A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-09 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of porphyra haitanensis cold net cultural method suitable for northern sea area |
| CN110100718B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2021-06-25 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Porphyra haitanensis cold storage net culture method suitable for northern sea area |
| CN115812925A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-03-21 | 江苏海洋大学 | Composite bacterium-reducing method for dried porphyra yezoensis |
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