CN104304425A - Fresh-cut aralia elata seem coating material and coating preservation method - Google Patents
Fresh-cut aralia elata seem coating material and coating preservation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104304425A CN104304425A CN201410540973.4A CN201410540973A CN104304425A CN 104304425 A CN104304425 A CN 104304425A CN 201410540973 A CN201410540973 A CN 201410540973A CN 104304425 A CN104304425 A CN 104304425A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fresh-cut aralia elata seem coating material and a coating preservation method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting; (2) cleaning; (2) tidying; (4) preparing coating liquid; (5) coating; (6) drying; and (7) storing. The coating liquid comprises components of carboxymethyl chitosan, clove essence, glycerol, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ethanol, calcium lactate and water. The coating material, disclosed by the invention, applied to preservation of fresh-cut aralia elata seem, can preserve original unique flavor and nutritional ingredients of the aralia elata seem to the greatest extent, and save processing time for eating; meanwhile, the coating liquid has such performances as being editable, antibacterial and anti-oxidative, and after coating the surface of the aralia elata seem, the fresh-cut aralia elata seem coating material can reduce respiration effect, prevent change of color, relieve water evaporation and infection of diseases and insect pests, and effectively prolong a storage period of the fresh-cut aralia elata seem. The fresh-cut aralia elata seem prepared by the technology has relatively high quality and hygienic quality, and can reach a standard of fresh-cut product; product preservation time is prolonged to 7-8 days from original 2-3 days, and price is improved by 1-2 times.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fresh-keeping field of fresh-cut wild vegetables, be specifically related to a kind of fresh-cut thorn tender bud class coating material and coating-film fresh-keeping method.
Background technology
Thorn tender bud (
aralia elata Seem), formal name used at school is Aralia mandshurica, is commonly called as the old bud of thorn, thorn fossilia dentis mastodi, Ba Wangcai, belongs to defoliation small arbor, be born in border, fill with silk, chearance, be mainly distributed in the Northeast of China.Edible portion is tender shoots, can eat raw, stir-fry and eat, sauce food, cook soup, cook filling, be processed into differently flavoured little salted vegetables, it has delicate fragrance and meat or fish fragrance, local flavor is unique, is the excellent wild vegetables of spy most popular on current domestic and international market, is described as " king of wild vegetables ".Thorn tender bud is nutritious main containing protein, fat, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, vitamin Cobastab
1, B
2, niacin, vitamin C, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, barium, lead, copper, phosphorus, cobalt, chromium, nickel, boron, the composition such as strontium and peptide.
At present, thorn tender bud converted products mainly based on freezing, drying, pickle, can long term storage, but these products are after processing, lose original feeling of freshness before processing, and nutritional labeling, local flavor and fragrance also there occurs change.And along with the quickening of modern life rhythm and the raising of quality of life, and the concern to own health, the consumption mode of people and eating pattern progressively to nutrition, health care, convenient, healthy, natural future development, the product of fresh cut product just required for the epoch.
Thorn tender bud have organize tender and crisp, the feature of easy cutting, be applicable to fresh cut products.But, after cleaning and cutting, cause mechanical damage, cause respiration and metabolic response sharply to activate, quality declines rapidly, simultaneously because cutting causes cell rupture, there is browning phenomenon in surface, loses the feature of fresh products, reduces product quality, shorten the product shelf phase, greatly reduce the commodity value of fresh-cut thorn tender bud.Therefore, select the film raw material of natural, environmental protection and research and development more efficiently preservation method be the key solving the fresh-keeping problem of fresh cut product.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to meet consumer demand, a kind of fresh-cut thorn tender bud class coating material and coating-film fresh-keeping method of good refreshing effect is provided, thus solve fresh-cut thorn tender bud preservation process existing problems.
The technology of the present invention solution is: fresh-cut thorn tender bud class coating material, mixed by following mass fraction raw material and be made into film liquid: 0.01% ~ 0.05% clove oil, 0.1% ~ 0.5% ethanol, 0.75% ~ 1.75% CMC, 0.5% ~ 1.5% calcium lactate, 0.5% ~ 1.5% glycerine, 0.5% ~ 1.0% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, excess water.In formula, CMC is to dissolve in neutrality, alkalescence and subacidity water, and character is more stable, and its range of application is better than shitosan, has stronger biocidal property and non-oxidizability simultaneously.In formula, clove oil is a kind of natural bacteriostatic agent and antioxidant, and other antistaling agent compound can strengthen its function greatly.In formula, calcium lactate is a kind of curing agent, can increase the fragility of fresh-cut thorn tender bud, prevents product to appear ruckbildung.In formula, glycerine is a kind of plasticizer and NMF, can increase the ductility of film, prevents coating liquid from after the drying embrittlement occurring, and has the effect of lock water simultaneously, prevents water loss.In formula, sodium carboxymethylcellulose is a kind of emulsion stabilizer and thickener, maintains the stable of class coating material character in mixing homogenizing process.In formula, ethanol can promote that glycerine and clove oil mix with other class coating material.This formula is adopted to prepare class coating material, effectively can prevent the water loss of fresh-cut thorn tender bud, increase the antibacterial and oxidation resistance of fresh-cut thorn tender bud, reduce fresh-cut thorn tender bud color change, extend its freshness date, and the various materials in formula are all natural or food-grade, so coating liquid is edible.
In above-mentioned coating liquid preparation, first 0.05% clove oil is dissolved in 0.3% ethanol, then mixes with 0.75% CMC, 0.5% calcium lactate, 1.0% glycerine and 1.0% carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution.
In above-mentioned coating liquid preparation, will carry out homogeneous during each component mixing, the time is 6min, and homogeneous rotating speed is 4000r/min.
A kind of fresh-cut thorn tender bud coating-film fresh-keeping method, comprises the following steps:
(1) select: choose fresh, have no mechanical damage, without the thorn tender bud of disease and pest.
(2) clean: by step (1) gained thorn tender bud, carry out punching with clear water clear.
(3) arrange: by step (2) gained thorn tender bud, remove prickle, finishing segment.
(4) coating liquid preparation: by mass fraction, by 0.01% ~ 0.05% clove oil, 0.1% ~ 0.5% ethanol, 0.75% ~ 1.75% CMC, 0.5% ~ 1.5% calcium lactate, 0.5% ~ 1.5% glycerine, 0.5% ~ 1.0% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, excess water, mixing is made into film liquid.
(5) film: step (3) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud is put into the dip-coating of step (4) gained coating liquid.
(6) dry: pulled out by fresh-cut thorn tender bud after step (5) gained dip-coating, the clean lotion of drop, dries.
(7) preserve: by step (6) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud, packing, storage.
Wherein in step (2), punching is clearly carry out punching clearly with 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C clear water.
Wherein in step (3), finishing segment thorn tender bud is trimmed to 5cm ~ 7cm length.
Wherein coating liquid temperature 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C in step (5), time of immersion is 1 min ~ 3min.
Wherein in step (7), reserve temperature is 1 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C.
Preferred: fresh-cut thorn tender bud coating-film fresh-keeping method, its step is as follows:
(1) select: choose fresh, have no mechanical damage, without the thorn tender bud of disease and pest.
(2) clean: by step (1) gained thorn tender bud, carry out punching with 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C clear water clear, wash away surface dirt.
(3) arrange: by step (2) gained thorn tender bud, with the sharp instrument after sterilization, remove prickle, thorn tender bud is trimmed to 5cm ~ 7cm long.
(4) coating liquid preparation: by mass fraction 100%, is made into film liquid by the mixing of 0.01% ~ 0.05% clove oil, 0.1% ~ 0.5% ethanol, 0.75% ~ 1.75% CMC, 0.5% ~ 1.5% calcium lactate, 0.5% ~ 1.5% glycerine and 0.5% ~ 1.0% sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
(5) film: step (3) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud is put into the dip-coating of step (4) gained coating liquid.
(6) dry: fresh-cut thorn tender bud after step (5) gained dip-coating to be pulled out, the clean lotion of drop, adopt nature to dry method and surface moisture is evaporated.
(7) preserve: by step (6) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud, divide and be filled in plastic casing, preserve under 1 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C conditions.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: (1) this technical scheme carries out lightly processed to thorn tender bud, at utmost keep that original thorn tender bud is fresh, nutritional labeling, local flavor and fragrance, and fresh-cut thorn tender bud has the advantages that instant and edible rate reach 100%, edible time can be saved, reduce the expense of Product transport and garbage disposal, meet people and pursue nutrition, health care, convenient, healthy, natural consumption mode and diet theory.(2) to fresh-cut thorn tender bud film, cleaning and cutting can be protected to cause mechanical damage, prevent the growth and breeding of disease and pest and the pollution of environment, reduce the loss of moisture, avoid fresh-cut thorn tender bud to occur fibrillatable phenomenon.(3) natural products such as CMC and clove oil in coating liquid, there is the advantages such as strong, the water-soluble and Heat stability is good of safety non-toxic, antibiotic property and non-oxidizability, sphere of action be wide, to fresh-cut thorn tender bud without any pollution, improve the edible safety of fresh-cut thorn tender bud.(4) this technical scheme is prepared fresh-cut thorn tender bud and is had higher quality and hygienic quality, and can meet the standard of fresh cut product, product freshness date extends to 7 ~ 8 days from 2 ~ 3, and price can improve 1 ~ 2 times.Meanwhile, technical operation is simple, and coating liquid raw material sources are extensive, easily apply.(5) adopt this formula to prepare class coating material, effectively can prevent the water loss of fresh-cut thorn tender bud, increase the antibacterial and oxidation resistance of fresh-cut thorn tender bud, reduce fresh-cut thorn tender bud color change, extend its freshness date.
Below in conjunction with experimental example, experiment method of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the change curve at different storage time fresh-cut thorn tender bud weight-loss ratio.
Fig. 2 is the change curve at different storage time fresh-cut thorn tender bud chlorophyll content.
Fig. 3 is the change curve in different storage time fresh-cut thorn tender bud activity of catalase.
Fig. 4 is the change curve in different storage time fresh-cut thorn tender bud concentration of malondialdehyde.
Fig. 5 is the change curve at different storage time fresh-cut thorn tender bud polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Fresh-cut thorn tender bud coating-film fresh-keeping method, its step is as follows:
(1) select: choose fresh, have no mechanical damage, without the thorn tender bud of disease and pest.
(2) clean: by step (1) gained thorn tender bud, carry out punching with 10 DEG C of clear water clear, wash away surface dirt.
(3) arrange: by step (2) gained thorn tender bud, with the sharp instrument after sterilization, remove prickle, thorn tender bud is trimmed to 5cm ~ 7cm long.
(4) coating liquid preparation: by mass fraction 100%, first 0.01% clove oil is dissolved in 0.3% ethanol, mix with 1.75% CMC, 0.5% calcium lactate, 1.0% glycerine and 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution again, homogeneous will be carried out during each component mixing, time is 6min, and homogeneous rotating speed is 4000r/min.
(5) film: step (3) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud is put into the dip-coating of step (4) gained coating liquid, coating liquid temperature 10 DEG C, time of immersion is 2min.
(6) dry: fresh-cut thorn tender bud after step (5) gained dip-coating to be pulled out, the clean lotion of drop, adopt nature to dry method and surface moisture is evaporated.
(7) preserve: by step (6) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud, divide and be filled in plastic casing, preserve under 4 DEG C of conditions.
Embodiment 2:
Fresh-cut thorn tender bud coating-film fresh-keeping method, its step is as follows:
(1) select: choose fresh, have no mechanical damage, without the thorn tender bud of disease and pest.
(2) clean: by step (1) gained thorn tender bud, carry out punching with 10 DEG C of clear water clear, wash away surface dirt.
(3) arrange: by step (2) gained thorn tender bud, with the sharp instrument after sterilization, remove prickle, thorn tender bud is trimmed to 5cm ~ 7cm long.
(4) coating liquid preparation: by mass fraction 100%, first 0.05% clove oil is dissolved in 0.3% ethanol, mix with 0.75% CMC, 0.5% calcium lactate, 1.0% glycerine and 1.0% carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution again, homogeneous will be carried out during each component mixing, time is 6min, and homogeneous rotating speed is 4000r/min.
(5) film: step (3) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud is put into the dip-coating of step (4) gained coating liquid, coating liquid temperature 10 DEG C, time of immersion is 2min.
(6) dry: fresh-cut thorn tender bud after step (5) gained dip-coating to be pulled out, the clean lotion of drop, adopt nature to dry method and surface moisture is evaporated.
(7) preserve: by step (6) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud, divide and be filled in plastic casing, preserve under 4 DEG C of conditions.
Embodiment 3:
Fresh-cut thorn tender bud coating-film fresh-keeping method, its step is as follows:
(1) select: choose fresh, have no mechanical damage, without the thorn tender bud of disease and pest.
(2) clean: by step (1) gained thorn tender bud, carry out punching with 10 DEG C of clear water clear, wash away surface dirt.
(3) arrange: by step (2) gained thorn tender bud, with the sharp instrument after sterilization, remove prickle, thorn tender bud is trimmed to 5cm ~ 7cm long.
(4) coating liquid preparation: by mass fraction 100%, first 0.03% clove oil is dissolved in 0.3% ethanol, mix with 1.25% CMC, 0.5% calcium lactate, 1.0% glycerine and 0.75% carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution again, homogeneous will be carried out during each component mixing, time is 6min, and homogeneous rotating speed is 4000r/min.
(5) film: step (3) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud is put into the dip-coating of step (4) gained coating liquid, coating liquid temperature 10 DEG C, time of immersion is 2min.
(6) dry: fresh-cut thorn tender bud after step (5) gained dip-coating to be pulled out, the clean lotion of drop, adopt nature to dry method and surface moisture is evaporated.
(7) preserve: by step (6) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud, divide and be filled in plastic casing, preserve under 4 DEG C of conditions.
Experimental example
The research of fresh-cut thorn tender bud fresh-keeping effect.
Select the technical scheme of above-mentioned 3 examples, i.e. embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, carry out fresh-keeping contrast experiment with the thorn tender bud without coating problems (hereinafter referred to as untreated).
Untreated fresh-cut thorn tender bud technical scheme: choose fresh, have no mechanical damage, without the thorn tender bud of disease and pest; Carry out punching with 10 DEG C of clear water clear, wash away surface dirt; With the sharp instrument after sterilization, remove prickle, thorn tender bud is trimmed to 5cm ~ 7cm long.
Preserve under each group of sample is all placed in 4 DEG C of conditions, carry out physical and chemical index every 3d, test item comprises weight-loss ratio, chlorophyll, catalase (CAT), MDA (MDA), polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO).The sample of selected 6th day carries out sense organ evaluation and test and microbiological indicator measures.Assay method is as follows:
(1) sense organ evaluation and test
Random taking-up 10 samples, and random invitation 10 personnel participate in evaluation and test, give a mark one by one according to freshness, color, smell, quality and outward appearance, 1 ~ 10 point, individual event score value interval, is divided into Three Estate, and 1 ~ 4 point represents quality extreme difference, the complete deterioration of sample, cannot eat; 4 ~ 7 points represent that quality is general, though defectiveness does not affect edible; 7 ~ 10 points represent that quality is good.
(2) microorganism detects according to following each GB, and result represents with CFU/g fresh weight (FW):
The mensuration of GB4789.2-2010 food microbiological examination total plate count; GB4789.3-2010 food microbiological examination enumeration of coliforms; GB4789.15-2010 food microbiological examination Molds and yeasts counts.
(3) mensuration of weight-loss ratio
(4) chlorophyllous mensuration
Get fresh thorn tender bud 2g, totally three parts, put into mortar respectively and add 2-3mL95% ethanol, be ground into homogenate, then add ethanol 10mL, continue to be ground to the static 3-5min of tissue turned pale.Supernatant is got stand-by with centrifuge 30min.Supernatant put into 25mL volumetric flask and shake up with 95% ethanol constant volume.Extract is poured in the cuvette of optical path 1cm, with 95% ethanol for measure absorbance under impinging upon wavelength 665nm, 649nm.Result of calculation as follows:
In formula:
a 665 ---measure absorbance under wavelength 665nm;
a 649 ---measure absorbance under wavelength 649nm;
v---extracting liquid volume (mL);
n---extension rate;
m f ---sample fresh weight (g).
(5) mensuration of catalase (CAT)
Get 2g thorn tender bud, add a little quartz sand, then add 5mL phosphate buffer solution (0.2mol/L, pH=7.8, containing 2%PVPP), ice bath grinds, and evenly to pulpous state, transfers to the centrifuge tube of 10mL, centrifugal 10min under 3000r/min low temperature (4 DEG C), get supernatant, then add 5mL phosphate buffer solution (0.2mol/L, pH=7.8).
Get 50 mL triangular flask 4 (3 for measure, 1 for contrast), during mensuration, every bottle all adds enzyme liquid 2 mL, then adds 2.5 mL H
2sO
4(10%) shake up in control bottle, cessation reaction; Add 2.5 mL H again
2o
2(0.1mol/L) shake up in mensuration bottle, timing simultaneously, 10min in 30 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, adds 2.5 mL H immediately
2sO
4(10%) cessation reaction in mensuration bottle, then uses KMnO
4(0.1mol/L) standard liquid titration, to occur that pink 30s is colour-fast for terminal.
Be calculated as follows:
In formula:
vcontrast---contrast KMnO
4titration milliliter number;
vtitration---KMnO after enzyme reaction
4titration milliliter number;
v t ---extract enzyme liquid cumulative volume (mL);
m f ---sample fresh weight (g);
vs---take enzyme liquid long-pending (mL) during mensuration;
t---the reaction time (min).
(6) mensuration of MDA (MDA)
Get 2g thorn tender bud, add a little quartz sand, then add 5mL phosphate buffer solution (0.2mol/L, pH=7.8, containing 2%PVPP), ice bath grinds, and evenly to pulpous state, transfers to the centrifuge tube of 10mL, centrifugal 10min under 3000r/min low temperature (4 DEG C), get supernatant, then add 5mL phosphate buffer solution (0.2mol/L, pH=7.8).
(3 for measuring to get 4,25mL tool plug test tube, 1 for contrast), during mensuration, 3 brace plug test tubes add 2mL enzyme liquid, another brace plug test tube adds 2mL phosphate buffer solution (0.2mol/L, pH=7.8) in contrast, then add 2mL TBA (0.5%) to 3 brace plug test tubes, after mixing, in 100 DEG C of water-baths, boil 30min, once centrifugal again after cooling, get the absorbance that supernatant measures 450nm, 532 nm and 600 nm places respectively.
In formula:
v t ---extract enzyme liquid cumulative volume (mL);
m f ---sample fresh weight (g);
vs---take enzyme liquid long-pending (mL) during mensuration.
(7) mensuration of polyphenol oxidase (PPO)
Get 2g thorn tender bud, add a little quartz sand, then add 5mL phosphate buffer solution (0.2mol/L, pH=6.4, containing 2%PVPP), ice bath grinds, evenly to pulpous state, transfer to the centrifuge tube of 10mL, centrifugal 10min under 12000r/min low temperature (4 DEG C), supernatant is the crude extract of enzyme.
Get 4 test tubes, to merely hit the 0.5mol/L catechol solution and 0.1mL phosphate buffer (0.2mol/L, pH=6.4) that add 3mL in 1, in contrast; Add enzyme liquid 0.5mL in another 3 respectively, then in enzyme liquid, add the 0.5mol/L catechol solution of 3mL.After 25 DEG C of reaction 5s, pour cuvette into, be placed in spectrophotometer sample room, open stopwatch writing time immediately, in 398 nm places mensuration absorbance (OD) values, every 30s reading once, read five times.
With OD changing value (Δ A per minute
398/ gmin) represent enzymatic activity size.Represent as 1 polyphenal oxidase active unit (U) with every min OD value change 0.01.
In formula:
Δ
a 398---OD changing value in the reaction time;
v t ---extract enzyme liquid cumulative volume (mL);
---sample fresh weight (g);
v s ---enzyme liquid long-pending (mL) is taken during mensuration;
t---reaction time (min).
Test results and analysis
The sensory evaluation that fresh-cut thorn tender bud is preserved the 6th day the results are shown in Table 1.As shown in Table 1, when storage the 6th day, there is brown stain in untreated fresh-cut thorn tender bud, has denseer putrid taste and a large amount of water logging boxed area, and due to the deliquescing of serious dehydration quality, rotting appears in subregion; The fresh-cut thorn tender bud change of embodiment 1 and embodiment 3 is close, and be a bit darkish in color, exclusive fragrance component is thin out, occurs phenomenon of losing water, and freshness reduces; The fresh-cut thorn tender bud of embodiment 2 still keeps original fresh state.This is because the constituent in coating liquid has the effects such as anti-oxidant, antibacterial and sclerosis, and coating liquid can form rete on fresh-cut thorn tender bud surface after the drying, stops foeign element to injure it, ensure that the long-term storage of fresh-cut thorn tender bud.
Table 1 fresh-cut thorn tender bud preserves the sensory evaluation result of the 6th day
| Sense organ scoring (dividing) | Freshness | Color | Smell | Quality | Outward appearance | Overall merit |
| Untreated | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.4 | Quality extreme difference, the complete deterioration of sample, cannot eat |
| Embodiment 1 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 6.1 | Quality is general, though defectiveness does not affect edible |
| Embodiment 2 | 7.9 | 8.2 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 8.7 | Quality is good |
| Embodiment 3 | 6.1 | 7.3 | 5.9 | 6.8 | 7.2 | Quality is general, though defectiveness does not affect edible |
The microorganism detection that fresh-cut thorn tender bud is preserved the 6th day the results are shown in Table 2.As shown in Table 2, untreated fresh-cut thorn tender bud total plate count, moulds and yeasts count far away higher than the total plate count of the fresh-cut thorn tender bud of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, three embodiments lower than equal 100, moulds and yeasts count is all lower than 5.This is because film makes fresh-cut thorn tender bud define layer protecting film, prevent the intrusion of microorganism, also inhibits growth of microorganism and breeding simultaneously.
Table 2 fresh-cut thorn tender bud preserves the microorganism detection result of the 6th day
| Sample | Total plate count (CFU/g) | Coliform (MPN/g) | Mold count (CFU/g) | Saccharomycete counting (CFU/g) |
| Untreated | Be greater than 100, how can not count | Do not detect | 12 | 7 |
| Embodiment 1 | 78 | Do not detect | Be less than 5 | Be less than 5 |
| Embodiment 2 | 55 | Do not detect | Be less than 5 | Be less than 5 |
| Embodiment 3 | 64 | Do not detect | Be less than 5 | Be less than 5 |
Fig. 1 is seen in the change of different storage time fresh-cut thorn tender bud weight-loss ratio.As shown in Figure 1, along with the prolongation of storage time, untreated fresh-cut thorn tender bud weight-loss ratio sharply increases, and increases slowly through the fresh-cut thorn tender bud weight-loss ratio of coating problems embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3.Illustrate that coating problems slows down moisture evaporation, keep the freshness of fresh-cut thorn tender bud.
Fig. 2 is seen in the change of different storage time fresh-cut thorn tender bud chlorophyll content.As shown in Figure 2, along with the prolongation of storage time, untreated fresh-cut thorn tender bud chlorophyll content sharply reduces, and reduces slowly through the fresh-cut thorn tender bud chlorophyll content of coating problems embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3.This is because thorn tender bud is after finishing, its tissue exposes in atmosphere, and chlorophyll is decomposed, and becomes yellow or brown from green; And coating problems reduces chlorophyllous decomposition rate, better maintain the color of fresh-cut thorn tender bud.
Fig. 3 is seen in the change of different storage time fresh-cut thorn tender bud activity of catalase.As shown in Figure 3, along with the prolongation of storage time, untreated fresh-cut thorn tender bud activity of catalase sharply increases, and increases slowly through the fresh-cut thorn tender bud activity of catalase of coating problems embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3.Catalase is the protective enzyme of superoxide radical scavenger enzyme system, is one of Enzyme-recovery-system toolenzyme important in thorn tender bud, effectively can stops the accumulation of fresh-cut thorn tender bud interior free yl.Untreated fresh-cut thorn tender bud through finishing after, tissue injury, thorn tender bud self-protection system activate catalase; Fresh-cut thorn tender bud through coating problems is organized, and is protected, and its catalase activity is changed relatively slow, illustrates that coating problems plays a protective role to fresh-cut thorn tender bud, its storage time is extended.
Fig. 4 is seen in the change of different storage time fresh-cut thorn tender bud concentration of malondialdehyde.As shown in Figure 4, along with the prolongation of storage time, untreated fresh-cut thorn tender bud concentration of malondialdehyde sharply increases, and increases slowly through the fresh-cut thorn tender bud concentration of malondialdehyde of coating problems embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3.MDA is one of end-product of Lipid peroxidation metabolism, the higher membrane structure of its content and functionally sustain damage more serious, and the permeability of film reduces.Untreated fresh-cut thorn tender bud is after finishing, and cell is badly damaged, and MDA is increased sharply; And protected through the fresh-cut thorn tender bud biomembrane of coating problems, delay Lipid peroxidation metabolism, ensure normally carrying out of its Physiology and biochemistry.
Fig. 5 is seen in the change of different storage time fresh-cut thorn tender bud polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity.As shown in Figure 5, along with the prolongation of storage time, untreated fresh-cut thorn tender bud polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity sharply increases, and increases slowly through the fresh-cut thorn tender bud polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity of coating problems embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3.Under aerobic conditions, polyphenol oxidase can be oxidized catechol and generate quinone, and quinone is polymerized further and can forms melanin, thus causes the enzymatic browning of thorn tender bud.Untreated fresh-cut thorn tender bud is after finishing, and membranous system is damaged, and tissue exposes in atmosphere, and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity is increased; And coating problems prevents oxygen to contact with fresh-cut thorn tender bud, inhibit catechol oxidation, keep the color of fresh-cut thorn tender bud.
Claims (10)
1. a fresh-cut thorn tender bud class coating material, it is characterized in that being mixed by following mass fraction raw material being made into film liquid: 0.01% ~ 0.05% clove oil, 0.1% ~ 0.5% ethanol, 0.75% ~ 1.75% CMC, 0.5% ~ 1.5% calcium lactate, 0.5% ~ 1.5% glycerine, 0.5% ~ 1.0% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, excess water.
2. fresh-cut thorn tender bud class coating material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in coating liquid preparation, first 0.05% clove oil is dissolved in 0.3% ethanol, then mixes with 0.75% CMC, 0.5% calcium lactate, 1.0% glycerine and 1.0% carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution.
3. fresh-cut thorn tender bud class coating material according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in coating liquid preparation, will carry out homogeneous during each component mixing, the time is 6min, and homogeneous rotating speed is 4000r/min.
4. a fresh-cut thorn tender bud coating-film fresh-keeping method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) select: choose fresh, have no mechanical damage, without the thorn tender bud of disease and pest;
(2) clean: by step (1) gained thorn tender bud, carry out punching with clear water clear;
(3) arrange: by step (2) gained thorn tender bud, remove prickle, finishing segment;
(4) coating liquid preparation: by mass fraction, by 0.01% ~ 0.05% clove oil, 0.1% ~ 0.5% ethanol, 0.75% ~ 1.75% CMC, 0.5% ~ 1.5% calcium lactate, 0.5% ~ 1.5% glycerine, 0.5% ~ 1.0% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, excess water, mixing is made into film liquid;
(5) film: step (3) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud is put into the dip-coating of step (4) gained coating liquid;
(6) dry: pulled out by fresh-cut thorn tender bud after step (5) gained dip-coating, the clean lotion of drop, dries;
(7) preserve: by step (6) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud, packing, storage.
5. fresh-cut thorn tender bud coating-film fresh-keeping method according to claim 4, is characterized in that in step (2), punching is clearly carry out punching clearly with 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C clear water.
6. fresh-cut thorn tender bud coating-film fresh-keeping method according to claim 4, is characterized in that in step (3), finishing segment thorn tender bud is trimmed to 5cm ~ 7cm length.
7. fresh-cut thorn tender bud coating-film fresh-keeping method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that coating liquid temperature 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C in step (5), time of immersion is 1 min ~ 3min.
8. fresh-cut thorn tender bud coating-film fresh-keeping method according to claim 4, is characterized in that in step (7), reserve temperature is 1 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C.
9. fresh-cut thorn tender bud coating-film fresh-keeping method according to claim 4, is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) select: choose fresh, have no mechanical damage, without the thorn tender bud of disease and pest;
(2) clean: by step (1) gained thorn tender bud, carry out punching with 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C clear water clear, wash away surface dirt;
(3) arrange: by step (2) gained thorn tender bud, with the sharp instrument after sterilization, remove prickle, thorn tender bud is trimmed to 5cm ~ 7cm long;
(4) coating liquid preparation: by mass fraction 100%, is made into film liquid by the mixing of 0.01% ~ 0.05% clove oil, 0.1% ~ 0.5% ethanol, 0.75% ~ 1.75% CMC, 0.5% ~ 1.5% calcium lactate, 0.5% ~ 1.5% glycerine and 0.5% ~ 1.0% sodium carboxymethylcellulose;
(5) film: step (3) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud is put into the dip-coating of step (4) gained coating liquid;
(6) dry: fresh-cut thorn tender bud after step (5) gained dip-coating to be pulled out, the clean lotion of drop, adopt nature to dry method and surface moisture is evaporated;
(7) preserve: by step (6) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud, divide and be filled in plastic casing, preserve under 1 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C conditions.
10. fresh-cut thorn tender bud coating-film fresh-keeping method according to claim 9, is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) select: choose fresh, have no mechanical damage, without the thorn tender bud of disease and pest;
(2) clean: by step (1) gained thorn tender bud, carry out punching with 10 DEG C of clear water clear, wash away surface dirt;
(3) arrange: by step (2) gained thorn tender bud, with the sharp instrument after sterilization, remove prickle, thorn tender bud is trimmed to 5cm ~ 7cm long;
(4) coating liquid preparation: by mass fraction 100%, first 0.05% clove oil is dissolved in 0.3% ethanol, mix with 0.75% CMC, 0.5% calcium lactate, 1.0% glycerine and 1.0% carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution again, homogeneous will be carried out during each component mixing, time is 6min, and homogeneous rotating speed is 4000r/min;
(5) film: step (3) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud is put into the dip-coating of step (4) gained coating liquid, coating liquid temperature 10 DEG C, time of immersion is 2min;
(6) dry: fresh-cut thorn tender bud after step (5) gained dip-coating to be pulled out, the clean lotion of drop, adopt nature to dry method and surface moisture is evaporated;
(7) preserve: by step (6) gained fresh-cut thorn tender bud, divide and be filled in plastic casing, preserve under 4 DEG C of conditions.
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| CN104957244A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-07 | 通化师范学院 | Preservation method for fresh cut aralia elata seem through combination of high-concentration oxygen modified atmosphere packaging and low-temperature storage |
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| CN111642255B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2022-04-22 | 贵州石阡佛顶山野生油茶油业有限公司 | Low-temperature drying method for oil tea fruits |
| CN114158611A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-11 | 南京泛成生物科技有限公司 | Preparation and application of carboxymethyl chitosan-based preservative film |
| CN114158611B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-08-11 | 南京泛成生物科技有限公司 | Preparation and application of carboxymethyl chitosan-based preservative film |
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