CN104300979B - A kind of Rb atom frequency marking bubble control method and system frequently - Google Patents
A kind of Rb atom frequency marking bubble control method and system frequently Download PDFInfo
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- CN104300979B CN104300979B CN201410572868.9A CN201410572868A CN104300979B CN 104300979 B CN104300979 B CN 104300979B CN 201410572868 A CN201410572868 A CN 201410572868A CN 104300979 B CN104300979 B CN 104300979B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Rb atom frequency marking bubble control system frequently, comprise physical system and microwave cavity, be provided with interior bubble in microwave cavity, interior bubble is communicated with outer bubble by glass tube, and outer bubble is arranged in outer bubble heating system; Physical system comprises heater, spectroscopic lamp, light checking device; Native system also comprises lock-in amplifier, counter, microwave source.The invention also discloses a kind of Rb atom frequency marking bubble control method frequently, make Nei Pao and Wai Pao; Heating microwave cavity reaches predetermined temperature; External bubble carries out heating until crystal oscillator output frequency reaches preset frequency; First time seals and cuts; Second time envelope is cut.The present invention is low to circuit requirement, is convenient to the realization of complete machine; Control precision is high frequently for bubble, and easily realizes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of atomic frequency standard, more specifically relate to a kind of Rb atom frequency marking bubble control method frequently, also relate to the system that a kind of Rb atom frequency marking bubble controls frequently simultaneously, be applicable in the development of Rb atom frequency marking (rubidium atomic clock).
Background technology
Frequency accuracy characterizes the degree of agreement of atomic frequency standard output frequency and nominal frequency, is the important indicator describing atomic frequency standard performance.For Rb atom frequency marking, its frequency accuracy generally characterizes by the relative variance root of Rb atom frequency marking output frequency and nominal frequency.
Rb atom frequency marking system is primarily of as the physical system of frequency discriminator and Circuits System composition.Physical system is formed primarily of spectrum lamp and cavity bubble system, wherein Rb atom frequency marking operation material metal
87rb is in the absorption bubble of cavity bubble system,
87the frequency reference of Rb atomic ground state (0,0) jump frequency Rb atom frequency marking.We claim
87rb ground state (0,0) jump frequency is for absorbing bubble frequently, and the bubble that the present invention relates to controls to be to control this frequency frequently.
In typical rubidium frequency standard system, VCXO (abbreviation crystal oscillator) output frequency is υ (being generally 10MHz), and obtaining frequency through 683.46875 frequencys multiplication is υ
1signal after, input physical system microwave cavity.De-energisation atomic transition.If absorbing bubble is υ frequently
0, then crystal oscillator frequency υ and bubble υ frequently
0meet relation:
(formula 1).From (formula 1), crystal oscillator output frequency is by absorbing bubble υ frequently
0determine, and crystal oscillator frequency is exactly the output frequency of rubidium frequency standard.
In Rb atom frequency marking, synthesizer can take two kinds of designs, and one is digital synthesizer scheme, and one is analog circuit synthesis device scheme.The frequency of mantissa's frequency signal that digital synthesizer scheme produces can regulate on a large scale.When adopting this scheme, if absorb bubble υ frequently
0inaccurate, then can by regulating synthesizer frequency υ
srealize the accurate control to crystal oscillator frequency υ.But it is comparatively large that the shortcoming of this scheme is current phase noise ratio, the frequency stability index of restriction rubidium clock, and the digital integrated circuit module radiation-resisting performance that this scheme uses is poor, is unfavorable for that complex environment uses (as spaceborne environment).Therefore, general employing analog circuit synthesis device scheme.This scheme make an uproar mutually little, reliability is high, but exists and can only produce the shortcoming of fixed frequency, in order to ensure that rubidium clock output frequency accuracy meets the demands, make to absorb bubble υ frequently
0also be necessary for accurately, steep when namely the program requires that processing absorbs bubble and frequently can realize accurate control.
In Rb atom frequency marking system, absorb in bubble and be filled with methane and nitrogen as buffer gas.After introducing buffer gas, can cause
87the minute movement of Rb ground state level, causes and absorbs bubble movement frequently.This frequency displacement is directly proportional to the air pressure of buffer gas, so claim this frequency displacement to be pressure frequency displacement.Utilize this pressure frequency shift property just, when absorbing bubble by manufacturing, appropriate change buffer gas pressure realizes accurately controlling bubble frequently.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the problems referred to above being to exist for prior art, provide a kind of Rb atom frequency marking bubble control method frequently, the method can know that absorbing bubble changes absorption bubble internal pressure frequently continuously lentamente in real time, thus change the bubble frequency absorbing bubble, reach and accurately control bubble frequently.
Another object of the present invention there are provided a kind of Rb atom frequency marking bubble control system frequently, and this system can realize on-line real-time measuremen in absorption bubble production process and regulate bubble frequently, makes the rate of finished products absorbing bubble increase substantially like this.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
A kind of Rb atom frequency marking bubble control system frequently, comprise physical system, also comprise microwave cavity, be provided with interior bubble in microwave cavity, interior bubble is communicated with outer bubble by glass tube, and outer bubble is arranged in outer bubble heating system; Physical system comprise microwave cavity is heated heater, internally steep irradiate spectroscopic lamp, the spectrum light through interior bubble detected and exports the light checking device of light inspection signal; Also comprise for receive light inspection signal and export control voltage to crystal oscillator lock-in amplifier, for the output frequency of crystal oscillator is counted counter, for exporting the microwave source of microwave signal to interior bubble, crystal oscillator output frequency signal as microwave source reference input.
A kind of Rb atom frequency marking bubble control method frequently, the steps include:
Step 1, making Nei Pao and Wai Pao, Nei Pao are connected by glass tube with outer bubble;
Step 2, interior bubble is placed in microwave cavity, the outer bubble absorbing bubble is mounted to independent temperature in outer bubble heating system, by the heating devices heat microwave cavity of physical system, the interior bubble heating in microwave cavity is made to reach 70 DEG C, microwave source produces microwave signal and is sent in interior bubble, spectroscopic lamp internally steeps and irradiates simultaneously, the light checking device of physical system carries out detection to the light through the spectroscopic lamp absorbing bubble in bubble and obtains light inspection signal, light inspection signal is linked into lock-in amplifier, lock-in amplifier exports control voltage and controls crystal oscillator output, the output signal frequency of counters monitor crystal oscillator, by oscilloscope monitoring light inspection signal until the light inspection signal frequency of oscilloscope display is enter step 3 after waiting for 30 minutes after 272Hz,
Step 3, externally to be steeped by outer bubble heating system and heat, until crystal oscillator output frequency reaches 9,999,999.985 ± 0.01Hz, enter step 4 after keeping temperature-resistant 40 minutes of the outer bubble absorbing bubble;
Step 4, once seal and cut, cut off the glass tube connecting Nei Pao and outer bubble with hand lance duration and degree of heating; Once after cutting, wait for until counter frequency no longer changes;
Step 5, interior bubble to be taken out from microwave cavity, carry out second time envelope with the tube connector that blowtorch duration and degree of heating internally steeps afterbody and cut, control bubble tail length and be less than 2mm; Bubble in well cutting is put back to microwave cavity, the bubble tail absorbing bubble in bubble is placed in spray gun heated baking on the height of anger, fine setting bubble tail length is until the crystal oscillator output frequency that the counter that makes records is 10,000,000.102Hz ± 0.01Hz;
Step 6, by envelope cut after make in steep 150 DEG C of environmental agings were measured after 48 hours in steep bubble frequency, choose the interior bubble of 10,000,000.073Hz ± 0.01Hz.
Therefore, before cutting in absorption bubble envelope, preset reasonably bubble value frequently, and cut the accurate control to the change frequently of links bubble in operation engineering in envelope, just can realize the absorption bubble processed accurate control frequently.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages:
1, low to circuit requirement, be convenient to the realization of complete machine;
2, control precision is high frequently for bubble, and easily realizes
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that a kind of absorption steeps two bubble structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of Rb atom frequency marking bubble frequency control system.
In figure, steep in 1-physical system, 2-, 3-steeps outward, 4-steeps heating system outward, 5-microwave source, 6-lock-in amplifier, 7-counter, 8-crystal oscillator, 9-oscilloscope, 10-microwave cavity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of Rb atom frequency marking bubble control method frequently, the steps include:
Step 1, absorption is brewed to two bubble structure (Fig. 1)
First absorption is brewed to a two bubble structure (two bubble size can make according to real needs) (Fig. 1).The Nei Pao absorbing bubble is connected (general cut-off footpath about 1.5mm) by glass tube with outer bubble, can ensure that within two bubbles, buffer gas pressure is identical like this.When so one of them steeps interior gas pressure change, another one also changes thereupon, thus realizes the change to atomic transition frequency.
Step 2, Rb atom frequency marking bubble frequently control system is built, outer bubble 3, outer bubble heating system 4, microwave source 5, lock-in amplifier 6, counter 7, crystal oscillator 8, oscilloscope 9, microwave cavity 10 that it comprises physical system 1, absorbs the interior bubble 2 of bubble, absorbs bubble.The interior bubble 2 absorbing bubble is placed in the cylindrical shape microwave cavity 10 (by microwave cavity to bubble 2 heating in absorption bubble) that aluminum alloy materials makes, and the outer bubble 3 absorbing bubble to be mounted on operating platform another independently independent temperature in outer bubble heating system 4.After system energization, physical system 1 is heated to working temperature, and in this process, microwave cavity 10 will be heated, simultaneously microwave cavity 10 be opposite to its inside by heat-conduction effect absorption bubble in bubble 2 heating, make its temperature reach 70 DEG C.Microwave source 5 can use the E8267D microwave source of agilent company, the frequency signal exported by crystal oscillator 8 as its reference signal, the 6834.6875MHz phase modulation microwave signal that microwave source 5 provides physical system 1 to work required.Microwave signal steeps 2 in sending into, the rubidium atom absorbed in the interior bubble 2 of bubble encourages by microwave signal, there is microwave resonance transition, spectroscopic lamp simultaneously in physical system is luminous, bubble 2 in absorption bubble is irradiated, under the Physical Mechanism effects such as optical pumping, light detection, physical system 1 detects the light through the spectroscopic lamp absorbing bubble 2 in bubble, light inspection signal (this signal is modulated relevant to microwave) will be exported, light inspection signal access lock-in amplifier 6, lock-in amplifier 6 output voltage control crystal oscillator 8 exports.Oscilloscope 9 is for monitoring light inspection signal, and counter 7 accurately reads the output signal frequency of crystal oscillator 8.
After whole system energising, each parts of physical system start heating, and wait for after 10 ~ 20 minutes, the temperature of interior bubble 2 reaches predetermined temperature substantially, opens microwave source 5 output switch.Until the frequency of occurrences is 272Hz signal on oscilloscope 9, Rb atom frequency marking bubble is described, and control system is locked frequently, after 30 minutes to be locked, enters step 3 and starts to carry out bubble control frequently.
Effective microwave signal is exported for making microwave source 5, the E8267D microwave source 5 of agilent company arranges as follows: use hydrogen clock as 10MHz reference input, output frequency is set to 6834.6875MHz, phase modulation is set in modulation option, modulating frequency is set to 136Hz, phase modulation radian is set to 5rad, and modulation signal pattern is set to internal modulation, and modulation signal selects triangular wave power output to be set to-15dBm.
Lock-in amplifier 6 uses Signal Recovery company 7265, and optimum configurations is sensitivity 200mv, the time of integration 500ms, reference phase is set to 132 degree.The light inspection signal that physical system 1 exports sends into the A port of lock-in amplifier 6, and the synchronous port of lock-in amplifier 6 connects the synchronism output interface of microwave source 5.
Step 3, bubble control procedure and step frequently
Step 3.1, the outer bubble 3 steeping to absorption heat, its temperature is constantly raised, bubble internal gas pressure constantly increases, because total pressure frequency displacement coefficient be on the occasion of, bubble frequently and absorb the pressure steeped in 2 in bubble and be directly proportional, so bubble constantly increases frequently, crystal oscillator 8 output frequency that counter 7 shows also constantly increases, until crystal oscillator 8 output frequency reaches 9,999, till 999.985 ± 0.01Hz, after now keeping temperature-resistant 40 minutes of the outer bubble 3 absorbing bubble, enter step 3.2.
Step 3.2, after step 3.1 completes, just can carry out envelope to absorption bubble to be processed and cut.In order to ensure the consistency operated, reduce to cut bubble impact frequently simultaneously, require all to cut apart from interior bubble 35mm place envelope at glass tube connector at every turn, cut off rapidly with hand lance duration and degree of heating, this cuts for once sealing.Once after cutting, wait for 10 minutes until counter 7 frequency no longer changes.Record the output frequency of the crystal oscillator 8 that this hour counter 7 records, now absorb bubble υ frequently
0for counter records 683.46875 times of frequency.
Step 3.3, bubble 2 in bubble will be absorbed take out from microwave cavity 10, and carry out second time envelope with blowtorch duration and degree of heating cut absorbing the tube connector steeping 2 afterbodys in bubble, control to steep tail length and be less than 2mm.In the absorption of well cutting being steeped, bubble 2 puts back to microwave cavity 10, measures the bubble υ frequently of bubble 2 now
0and record.Bubble 2 bubble tail in absorption bubble is placed in spray gun heated baking on the height of anger, and fine setting bubble tail length, bubble tail is shortened, and interior sky reduces.The crystal oscillator output frequency that counter 7 is recorded is 10,000,000.102Hz ± 0.01Hz.This step can finely tune bubble frequently further.
4, in the absorption bubble made after envelope being cut, bubble 2 was 150 DEG C of environmental agings 48 hours.Repetition measurement now absorbs interior bubble 2 bubble of bubble frequently afterwards.If counter display crystal oscillator output frequency is 10,000,000.073Hz ± 0.01Hz is then qualified product.Otherwise be defective item.The absorption bubble that namely qualified product can be used as in rubidium frequency standard uses.
By above controlled working technology, can realize absorbing bubble accurate control frequently, improve the accuracy index of rubidium frequency standard system, this technology drastically increases the yields absorbing bubble, is conducive to reducing production cost, improves the competitiveness of product.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Claims (2)
1. Rb atom frequency marking bubble control system frequently, comprise physical system (1), it is characterized in that, also comprise microwave cavity (10), interior bubble (2) is provided with in microwave cavity (10), interior bubble (2) is communicated with Wai Pao (3) by glass tube, and outer bubble (3) is arranged in outer bubble heating system (4);
Physical system (1) comprises spectroscopic lamp that the heater, the internally bubble (2) that heat microwave cavity (10) irradiate, detect the spectrum light through interior bubble (2) and export the light checking device of light inspection signal;
This Rb atom frequency marking bubble frequently control system also comprise for receive light inspection signal and export control voltage to crystal oscillator (8) lock-in amplifier (6), for the output frequency of crystal oscillator (8) is counted counter (7), for exporting the microwave source (5) of microwave signal to interior bubble (2), the frequency signal that crystal oscillator (8) exports is as microwave source (5) reference input.
2. utilize the system described in claim 1 to carry out a method for Rb atom frequency marking bubble control frequently, it is characterized in that, the steps include:
Bubble (2) and outer bubble (3) in step 1, making, interior bubble (2) is connected by glass tube with outer bubble (3);
Step 2, interior bubble (2) is placed in microwave cavity (10), the outer bubble (3) absorbing bubble is mounted to independent temperature in outer bubble heating system (4), by the heating devices heat microwave cavity (10) of physical system (1), interior bubble (2) in microwave cavity (10) is heated and reaches 70 DEG C, microwave source (5) produces microwave signal and is sent in interior bubble (2), simultaneously spectroscopic lamp internally steeps (2) and irradiates, the light checking device of physical system (1) carries out detection to the light through the spectroscopic lamp absorbing bubble (2) in bubble and obtains light inspection signal, light inspection signal is linked into lock-in amplifier (6), lock-in amplifier (6) exports control voltage and controls crystal oscillator (8) output, the output signal frequency of counter (7) monitoring crystal oscillator (8), by oscilloscope (9) monitoring light inspection signal until the light inspection signal frequency that oscilloscope (9) shows is enter step 3 after waiting for 30 minutes after 272Hz,
Step 3, by outer bubble heating system (4) externally bubble (3) heat, until crystal oscillator (8) output frequency reaches 9,999,999.985 ± 0.01Hz, enter step 4 after keeping temperature-resistant 40 minutes of the outer bubble (3) absorbing bubble;
Step 4, once seal and cut, with hand lance duration and degree of heating cut off connects in steep the glass tube of (2) and outer bubble (3); Once after cutting, wait for until counter (7) frequency no longer changes;
Step 5, interior bubble (2) to be taken out from microwave cavity (10), carry out second time envelope with the tube connector that blowtorch duration and degree of heating internally steeps (2) afterbody and cut, control bubble tail length and be less than 2mm; Microwave cavity (10) is put back to by steeping (2) in well cutting, the bubble tail absorbing bubble (2) in bubble is placed in spray gun heated baking on the height of anger, fine setting bubble tail length is until crystal oscillator (8) output frequency making counter (7) record is 10,000,000.102Hz ± 0.01Hz;
Step 6, by envelope cut after make in bubble (2) steep in 150 DEG C of environmental agings were measured after 48 hours (2) bubble frequency, choose the interior bubble of 10,000,000.073Hz ± 0.01Hz.
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| CN111245434B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-03-05 | 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院 | Cavity bubble system for high-precision rubidium atomic frequency standard |
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| JP2001308416A (en) * | 2000-04-27 | 2001-11-02 | Fujitsu Ltd | Rubidium atom oscillator |
| CN101079633B (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2011-05-18 | 江汉大学 | Improved passive Rb atomic frequency standard servo control method and servo control circuit |
| CN101237077A (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2008-08-06 | 四川天奥星华时频技术有限公司 | Small Rb atom frequency marking cavity bubble system |
| CN101984559B (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-07-04 | 江汉大学 | Method for improving accuracy of standard frequency of rubidium atoms |
| CN102270986B (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2013-06-12 | 武汉理工大学 | Optimized passive rubidium atomic frequency scale servo control circuit |
| CN202261238U (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-05-30 | 江汉大学 | Physical unit of rubidium atom frequency scale |
| CN103152038B (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2016-05-04 | 江汉大学 | A kind of passive Rb atom frequency marking servo-drive system and quantum frequency discrimination method |
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