CN104297027B - Sillar test specimen and rock pure shear test method for pure shear test - Google Patents

Sillar test specimen and rock pure shear test method for pure shear test Download PDF

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CN104297027B
CN104297027B CN201410532288.7A CN201410532288A CN104297027B CN 104297027 B CN104297027 B CN 104297027B CN 201410532288 A CN201410532288 A CN 201410532288A CN 104297027 B CN104297027 B CN 104297027B
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test specimen
toroidal cavity
round platform
sillar
annular
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CN104297027A (en
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刘建锋
邓建辉
王璐
裴建良
向咏
李林芮
边宇
徐慧宁
周志威
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Sichuan University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0298—Manufacturing or preparing specimens

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Abstract

Sillar test specimen for pure shear test, the upper surface of its body is provided with the first toroidal cavity with the center of body as the center of circle, the lower surface of body is provided with the second toroidal cavity with the center of body as the center of circle, the width of the first toroidal cavity and inner ring diameter and the width of the second toroidal cavity and inner ring diameter are identical, spacing H between bottom first toroidal cavity and bottom the second toroidal cavity is 10～40mm, the upper segment of body is divided into the first round platform and the first annular body of cincture the first round platform being positioned at centre by the first toroidal cavity, the lower section of body is divided into the second round platform and the second annular solid of cincture the second round platform being positioned at centre by the second toroidal cavity.The pure shear test method of rock, is that tested rock is fabricated to the above-mentioned sillar test specimen for pure shear test, is then placed on by sillar test specimen on the testing stand of rock mechanics experiment machine, by sillar test specimen on-load pressure makes sillar test specimen generation pure shear destroy.

Description

Sillar test specimen and rock pure shear test method for pure shear test
Technical field
The invention belongs to rock shear strength field tests, test particularly to the sillar test specimen tested for pure shear and pure shear Method.
Background technology
Rock shear strength is the underlying parameter in engineering construction.The method being currently used for testing rock shear strength has direct shearing Test, triaxial shear test, wedge shape shear (or being referred to as tilting shearing) test, single shear testing, dual shear test and punching Hole shearing test etc..The methods such as direct shear test, triaxial shear test, wedge shape shearing test are most often applied, but all nothings Method realizes real pure shear (being i.e. sheared on face the most single shear stress).Single shear and two-sided cutting are not only to testing machine Requiring height, the most special shear testing maschine just can carry out this test, and is still difficult to real pure shear test.Punching is sheared Test is at truncated cone-shaped sillar one shear plate of test specimen end face pad, puts one in truncated cone-shaped sillar test specimen bottom surface and shears annulus, passes through Shear plate is applied impulsive force, makes sillar test specimen generation failure by shear.The method there is problems in that (1) is in shear history Can there is bigger compression stress concentration zones in the surface contact position of shear plate and shearing annulus and sillar test specimen, thus cause shearing There is yield failure district in position pressurized, and is also easily formed moment of flexure during punching, and whole stress state is complicated, it is impossible to guarantee Destroy and develop along predetermined loading direction, it is ensured that the stress of shear surface is pure shear stress.(2) punching shearing test is at impact process In usually require that there is certain impact speed (typically larger than 7mm/s), this makes the performance requirement to testing equipment higher, survey Examination difficulty increases, and ordinary test machine is difficult to meet test request；Even if testing equipment can meet the impact speed needed for shearing, still Difficulty guarantees to be formed effectively shears punching, and therefore the method is difficult to see application in rock shearing is tested.Therefore, the most convenient, Effectively obtain the pure shear intensity of rock, be still the difficult point of current experimental test and research.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that for novel sillar test specimen and the pure shear of pure shear test Test method, in order to convenient on existing conventional rock mechanics experiment machine, effectively carry out the shear strength test of rock, it is thus achieved that The pure shear intensity of rock.
Sillar test specimen for pure shear test of the present invention, has following two, but they belongs to a total design.
1, the first is for the sillar test specimen of pure shear test
The body of this sillar test specimen being used for pure shear test is cylindrical or four-prism shape, the upper surface of described body and lower end Face is parallel, and the upper surface of body is provided with the first toroidal cavity with the center of body as the center of circle, and the lower surface of body is provided with The second toroidal cavity with the center of body as the center of circle, the width of the first toroidal cavity and inner ring diameter and the second annular are recessed Width and the inner ring diameter of groove are identical, bottom the first toroidal cavity and bottom the second toroidal cavity between spacing H be 10mm ～40mm, the upper segment of body is divided into and is positioned at first round platform in centre and around the first circle by described first toroidal cavity The first annular body of platform, the lower section of body is divided into the second round platform and the ring being positioned at centre by described second toroidal cavity Around the second annular solid of the second round platform, the diameter of the first round platform and the second round platform is identical, the end face of the first round platform and first annular body End face be generally aligned in the same plane, the end face of the second round platform and the end face of the second annular solid are generally aligned in the same plane.Described first round platform The end face of end face and the second annular solid is for by force by the end face of the end face of the place of force or the second round platform and first annular body.
The above-mentioned sillar test specimen for pure shear test, bottom its first toroidal cavity and bottom the second toroidal cavity between Preferred 20mm～30mm of spacing H.
The above-mentioned sillar test specimen for pure shear test, the diameter d of its first round platform and the second round platform is the diameter of cylindrical body The 1/4～1/2 of length of side L of D or four-prism shape body；The width b of the first toroidal cavity and the second toroidal cavity is 2mm～8mm, degree of depth h of the first toroidal cavity1For 10mm～40mm, degree of depth h of the second toroidal cavity2For 10mm ～40mm.
The above-mentioned sillar test specimen for pure shear test, the width b of its first toroidal cavity and the second toroidal cavity is preferred 3mm～5mm, degree of depth h of the first toroidal cavity1Preferably 20mm～30mm, degree of depth h of the second toroidal cavity2Preferably 20mm～30mm.
2, the second is for the sillar test specimen of pure shear test
The body of this sillar test specimen being used for pure shear test is cylindrical or four-prism shape, the upper surface of described body and lower end Face is parallel, and the upper surface of described body is provided with the first toroidal cavity with the center of body as the center of circle, and the lower surface of body sets It is equipped with the second toroidal cavity with the center of body as the center of circle, the width of the first toroidal cavity and inner ring diameter and the second annulus Width and the inner ring diameter of connected in star are identical, bottom the first toroidal cavity and bottom the second toroidal cavity between spacing H be 10mm～40mm, the upper segment of body is divided into the first round platform and the cincture being positioned at centre by described first toroidal cavity The first annular body of the first round platform, the lower section of body is divided into the second circle being positioned at centre by described second toroidal cavity Platform and around the second annular solid of the second round platform, the diameter of the first round platform and the second round platform is identical, and the end face of the first round platform is higher than the The end face of one annular solid, the end face of the second round platform is higher than the end face of the second annular solid.The end face of described first round platform and the second annular The end face of body is for by force.
The above-mentioned sillar test specimen for pure shear test, bottom its first toroidal cavity and bottom the second toroidal cavity between Preferred 20mm～30mm of spacing H.
The above-mentioned sillar test specimen for pure shear test, the diameter d of its first round platform and the second round platform is the diameter of cylindrical body The 1/4～1/2 of length of side L of D or four-prism shape body；The height h of the first round platform3It is 10～40mm, the end face of the first round platform And spacing h between the end face of first annular body4It is not more than 10mm；First toroidal cavity and the width of the second toroidal cavity B is 2mm～8mm.
The above-mentioned sillar test specimen for pure shear test, the height h of its first round platform3Preferably 20mm～30mm, the first annular Preferred 3mm～5mm of width b of groove and the second toroidal cavity.
The manufacture method of the sillar test specimen for pure shear test of the present invention:
By from the sillar rock cutter of collection in worksite or/and set brill be processed into cylindrical body or four-prism shape body, then With Plane surface grinding machine, the upper and lower end face of cylindrical body or four-prism shape body by the rock in " Standard for test methods of engineering rock masses " Stone compression test test specimen end face requirement on machining accuracy is processed, continue after be drilled in cylindrical body or four-prism shape body with set Upper surface processes the first toroidal cavity with the center of body as the center of circle, under cylindrical body or four-prism shape body End face processes the second toroidal cavity with the center of body as the center of circle, i.e. forms the first sillar examination for pure shear test Part.On the basis of the sillar test specimen of pure shear test, the first annular body of rock cutter cut-out and part is used at the first Second round platform, i.e. forms the second sillar test specimen for pure shear test.
The pure shear test method of rock of the present invention, tested rock is fabricated to above-mentioned the first be used for pure shear test Sillar test specimen or the second, for the sillar test specimen of pure shear test, are then tested by operations described below.
When 1, using the first to be used for the sillar test specimen of pure shear test, operate as follows:
1. placing annular cushion block on the testing stand of rock mechanics experiment machine, the inner ring surface diameter of described annular cushion block is less than rock The inner ring surface diameter of the second annular solid in block test specimen, more than the diameter of the second round platform in sillar test specimen, or described annular cushion block Inner ring surface diameter is less than the inner ring surface diameter of first annular body in sillar test specimen, more than the diameter of the first round platform in sillar test specimen, institute The outer ring surface diameter stating annular cushion block is more than diameter or the length of side of sillar test specimen body；
2. sillar test specimen is placed on annular cushion block, makes the centrage of sillar test specimen overlap with the centrage of annular cushion block, The end contact of the second annular solid end face and annular cushion block, or the end contact of the end face of first annular body and annular cushion block；
3. place on truncated cone-shaped cushion block, or the second round platform end face in sillar test specimen on the first round platform end face in sillar test specimen Placing truncated cone-shaped cushion block, the diameter of described truncated cone-shaped cushion block is more than the diameter of the first round platform, straight less than first annular internal anchor ring Footpath, or the diameter of the diameter of the described truncated cone-shaped cushion block diameter more than the second round platform, the inner ring surface less than the second annular solid, round platform The centrage of shape cushion block overlaps with the centrage of sillar test specimen；
4. operation rock mechanics experiment machine, by truncated cone-shaped cushion block with annular cushion block to sillar test specimen on-load pressure, can make rock Block test specimen generation pure shear destroys.
2, use the second when the sillar test specimen of pure shear test, operate as follows:
1. sillar test specimen is placed on the testing stand of rock mechanics experiment machine, makes the second annular solid end face and test in sillar test specimen Platform contacts；
2. operation rock mechanics experiment machine, by the first round platform end face in sillar test specimen and the second annular solid end face to sillar test specimen On-load pressure, can make sillar test specimen generation pure shear destroy.
When using the sillar test specimen for pure shear test of the present invention and test method that rock carries out shear strength test, the Annular section between bottom one toroidal cavity and bottom the second toroidal cavity bears pure shear shear force, the pure shear of sillar test specimen Cut through bad generation herein (see Fig. 9).
The method have the advantages that
1, the sillar test specimen for pure shear test of the present invention is novel test specimen, and the shear strength test for rock adds examination Part type.
2, the sillar test specimen for pure shear test of the present invention and test method are used, at existing conventional rock mechanics experiment machine On can convenient, effectively carry out rock shear strength test, it is thus achieved that the pure shear intensity of rock, solve of the prior art Test method is difficult to real pure shear and has a difficult problem for particular requirement to test equipment.
3, the sillar test specimen simple in construction for pure shear test of the present invention, it is simple to processing and fabricating.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the first structural representation of the sillar test specimen for pure shear test of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the another kind of top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the second structural representation of the sillar test specimen for pure shear test of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of top view of Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the another kind of top view of Fig. 4；
Fig. 7 is the sillar test specimen scheme of installation on the testing stand of rock mechanics experiment machine described in Fig. 1 for pure shear test Scheme with loading；
Fig. 8 is the sillar test specimen scheme of installation on the testing stand of rock mechanics experiment machine described in Fig. 4 for pure shear test Scheme with loading；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that sillar test specimen generation pure shear destroys.
In figure, the body of 1 sillar test specimen, 2 first round platforms, 3 first toroidal cavities, 4 first annular bodies, 5 Second toroidal cavity, 6 second round platforms, 7 second annular solids, recessed with the second annular bottom H the first toroidal cavity Spacing between trench bottom, d the first round platform and the diameter of the second round platform, the diameter of D cylindrical body, L four-prism The length of side of shape body, h1The degree of depth of the first toroidal cavity, h2The degree of depth of the second toroidal cavity, h3The height of the first round platform Degree, h4Spacing between end face and the end face of first annular body of the first round platform, b the first toroidal cavity and the second annular The width of groove.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by embodiment, the sillar test specimen for pure shear test of the present invention and pure shear test method are made Further illustrate.In following each embodiment, pure shear test testing equipment used is MTS815 rock mechanics experiment machine, loads Speed can use 0.001mm/s, 0.01mm/s, 0.1mm/s, 1mm/s, 5mm/s, 7mm/s.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, for pure shear test sillar test specimen as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, its body 1 be cylinder, described The upper surface of body is parallel with lower surface, and the upper surface of body 1 is provided with the first toroidal cavity with the center of body as the center of circle 3, the lower surface of body 1 is provided with the second toroidal cavity 5 with the center of body as the center of circle, and described first toroidal cavity will The upper segment of body is divided into and is positioned at first round platform 2 in centre and around the first annular body 4 of the first round platform, and described second The lower section of body is divided into the second round platform 6 and the second annular solid of cincture the second round platform being positioned at centre by toroidal cavity 7, the end face of the first round platform 2 and the end face of first annular body 4 are generally aligned in the same plane, the end face of the second round platform 6 and the second annular solid The end face of 7 is generally aligned in the same plane.The size of test specimen each several part is as follows:
The diameter D of body 1 is 50mm, the width=2mm of width=the second toroidal cavity 5 of the first toroidal cavity 3, Degree of depth h of the first toroidal cavity 31Degree of depth h of the=the second toroidal cavity 52=10mm, bottom the first toroidal cavity with Spacing H=10mm between bottom second toroidal cavity, the diameter=25mm of diameter=the second round platform 6 of the first round platform 2 (diameter of the first round platform 2 is also the inner ring diameter of the first toroidal cavity 3, and the diameter of the second round platform 6 is also the second annular The inner ring diameter of groove 7).
Pure shear test operation is carried out as follows with above-mentioned test specimen:
1. placing annular cushion block 9 on the testing stand of rock mechanics experiment machine, the inner ring surface of described annular cushion block is a diameter of 27mm, a diameter of 55mm of outer ring surface；
2. sillar test specimen is placed on annular cushion block 9, makes the centrage of sillar test specimen and the centrage weight of annular cushion block 9 Close, the second annular solid 7 end face and the end contact (see Fig. 7) of annular cushion block 9；
3. truncated cone-shaped cushion block 8, described truncated cone-shaped cushion block 8 a diameter of are placed on the first round platform 2 end face in sillar test specimen 27mm, the centrage of truncated cone-shaped cushion block 8 overlaps (see Fig. 7) with the centrage of sillar test specimen；
4. operation rock mechanics experiment machine, by truncated cone-shaped cushion block 8 with annular cushion block 9 to sillar test specimen on-load pressure (see figure 7), sillar test specimen generation pure shear can be made to destroy (see Fig. 9), loading speed is 0.001mm/s, and added maximum load is F=10kN.
From figure 7 it can be seen that the end face of the end face of the first round platform 2 and the second annular solid 7 is for by force, tested rock pure The computational methods of shear stress (intensity) are as follows:
τ = F π d H = 10 × 1000 N 3.1415926 × 25 × 10 mm 2 = 12.73 M P a
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, for pure shear test sillar test specimen as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, difference from Example 1 be examination The size of part each several part.In the present embodiment, the size of test specimen each several part is as follows:
The diameter D of body 1 is 90mm, the width=3mm of width=the second toroidal cavity 5 of the first toroidal cavity 3, Degree of depth h of the first toroidal cavity 31Degree of depth h of the=the second toroidal cavity 52=20mm, bottom the first toroidal cavity with Spacing H=20mm between bottom second toroidal cavity, the diameter=38mm of diameter=the second round platform 6 of the first round platform 2.
Pure shear test operation is carried out as follows with above-mentioned test specimen:
1. placing annular cushion block 9 on the testing stand of rock mechanics experiment machine, the inner ring surface of described annular cushion block is a diameter of 41mm, a diameter of 95mm of outer ring surface；
2. sillar test specimen is placed on annular cushion block 9, makes the centrage of sillar test specimen and the centrage weight of annular cushion block 9 Close, the second annular solid 7 end face and the end contact (see Fig. 7) of annular cushion block 9；
3. truncated cone-shaped cushion block 8, described truncated cone-shaped cushion block (8) a diameter of are placed on the first round platform 2 end face in sillar test specimen 41mm, the centrage of truncated cone-shaped cushion block 8 overlaps (see Fig. 7) with the centrage of sillar test specimen；
4. operation rock mechanics experiment machine, by truncated cone-shaped cushion block 8 with annular cushion block 9 to sillar test specimen on-load pressure (see figure 7), loading speed is 0.01mm/s, and added maximum load is F=35kN, can make sillar test specimen generation pure shear destroy (see Fig. 9).
From figure 7 it can be seen that the end face of the end face of the first round platform 2 and the second annular solid 7 is for by force, tested rock pure The computational methods of shear stress (intensity) are as follows:
τ = F π d H = 35 × 1000 N 3.1415926 × 38 × 20 mm 2 = 14.66 M P a
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, for pure shear test sillar test specimen as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, difference from Example 1 is: Body 1 is the size of four-prism shape and test specimen each several part.In the present embodiment, the size of test specimen each several part is as follows:
Length of side L of body 1 is 120mm, the width=8mm of width=the second toroidal cavity 5 of the first toroidal cavity 3, Degree of depth h of the first toroidal cavity 31=25mm, degree of depth h of the second toroidal cavity 52=30mm, the first toroidal cavity Spacing H=30mm between bottom bottom and the second toroidal cavity, the diameter of diameter=the second round platform 6 of the first round platform 2= 30mm。
Pure shear test operation is carried out as follows with above-mentioned test specimen:
1. placing annular cushion block 9 on the testing stand of rock mechanics experiment machine, the inner ring surface of described annular cushion block is a diameter of 38mm, a diameter of 180mm of outer ring surface；
2. sillar test specimen is placed on annular cushion block 9, makes the centrage of sillar test specimen and the centrage weight of annular cushion block 9 Close, the second annular solid 7 end face and the end contact (see Fig. 7) of annular cushion block 9；
3. truncated cone-shaped cushion block 8, described truncated cone-shaped cushion block (8) a diameter of are placed on the first round platform 2 end face in sillar test specimen 38mm, the centrage of truncated cone-shaped cushion block 8 overlaps (see Fig. 7) with the centrage of sillar test specimen；
4. operation rock mechanics experiment machine, loads (see Fig. 7) with annular cushion block 9 to sillar test specimen by truncated cone-shaped cushion block 8, Sillar test specimen generation pure shear can be made to destroy (see Fig. 9), and loading speed is 0.1mm/s, and added maximum load is F=37kN.
From figure 7 it can be seen that the end face of the end face of the first round platform 2 and the second annular solid 7 is for by force, tested rock pure The computational methods of shear stress (intensity) are as follows:
τ = F π d H = 37 × 1000 N 3.1415926 × 30 × 30 mm 2 = 13.09 M P a
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, for pure shear test sillar test specimen as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, its body 1 be cylinder, described The upper surface of body is parallel with lower surface, and the upper surface of body 1 is provided with the first toroidal cavity with the center of body as the center of circle 3, the lower surface of body 1 is provided with the second toroidal cavity 5 with the center of body as the center of circle, and described first toroidal cavity will The upper segment of body is divided into and is positioned at first round platform 2 in centre and around the first annular body 4 of the first round platform, and described second The lower section of body is divided into the second round platform 6 and the second annular solid of cincture the second round platform being positioned at centre by toroidal cavity 7, the end face of the first round platform 2 is higher than the end face of first annular body 4, and the end face of the second round platform 6 is higher than the end face of the second annular solid 7. The size of test specimen each several part is as follows:
A diameter of 100mm of body 1, the width=5mm of width=the second toroidal cavity 5 of the first toroidal cavity 3, Diameter=the 50mm of diameter=the second round platform 6 of the first round platform 2, the height h of the first round platform3For 40mm, the end of the first round platform Spacing h between the end face of face and first annular body4For 5mm, degree of depth h of the second toroidal cavity 52=35mm, the second circle The height of platform is 25mm, bottom the first toroidal cavity and bottom the second toroidal cavity between spacing H=40mm.
Pure shear test operation is carried out as follows with above-mentioned test specimen:
1. sillar test specimen is placed on the testing stand of rock mechanics experiment machine, makes the second annular solid 7 end face and examination in sillar test specimen Test platform contact (see Fig. 8)；
2. operation rock mechanics experiment machine, by the first round platform 2 end face in sillar test specimen and the second annular solid 7 end face to sillar Test specimen on-load pressure (see Fig. 8), can make sillar test specimen generation pure shear destroy, and loading speed is 5mm/s, added maximum load Lotus is F=75kN.
From figure 8, it is seen that the end face of the end face of the first round platform 2 and the second annular solid 7 is for by force, tested rock pure The computational methods of shear stress (intensity) are as follows:
τ = F π d H = 75 × 1000 N 3.1415926 × 50 × 40 mm 2 = 11.94 M P a
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, for pure shear test sillar test specimen as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 6, difference from Example 4 is: Body 1 is the size of four-prism shape and test specimen each several part.In the present embodiment, the size of test specimen each several part is as follows:
The length of side of body 1 is 80mm, the width=3mm of width=the second toroidal cavity 5 of the first toroidal cavity 3, Diameter=the 38mm of diameter=the second round platform 6 of the first round platform 2, the height h of the first round platform3For 16mm, the end of the first round platform Spacing h between the end face of face and first annular body4For 6mm, degree of depth h of the second toroidal cavity 52=40mm, the second circle The height of platform is 20mm, bottom the first toroidal cavity and bottom the second toroidal cavity between spacing H=25mm,
Pure shear test operation is carried out as follows with above-mentioned test specimen:
1. sillar test specimen is placed on the testing stand of rock mechanics experiment machine, makes the second annular solid 7 end face and examination in sillar test specimen Test platform contact (see Fig. 8)；
2. operation rock mechanics experiment machine, by the first round platform 2 end face in sillar test specimen and the second annular solid 7 end face to sillar Test specimen on-load pressure (see Fig. 8), can make sillar test specimen generation pure shear destroy, and loading speed is 7mm/s, added maximum load Lotus is F=40kN.
From figure 8, it is seen that the end face of the end face of the first round platform 2 and the second annular solid 7 is for by force, tested rock pure The computational methods of shear stress (intensity) are as follows:
τ = F π d H = 40 × 1000 N 3.1415926 × 38 × 25 mm 2 = 13.40 M P a

Claims (10)

1., for a sillar test specimen for pure shear test, the body (1) of this sillar test specimen is cylindrical or four-prism shape, The upper surface of described body is parallel with lower surface, it is characterised in that the upper surface of described body (1) is provided with and with the center of body is First toroidal cavity (3) in the center of circle, the second annular that the lower surface of body (1) is provided with the center of body as the center of circle is recessed Groove (5), the width of the first toroidal cavity (3) and inner ring diameter and the width of the second toroidal cavity (5) and inner ring diameter Identical, the spacing (H) between the first toroidal cavity (3) bottom and the second toroidal cavity (5) bottom is 10mm～40mm, The upper segment of body is divided into and is positioned at first round platform (2) in centre and around the first round platform by described first toroidal cavity First annular body (4), the lower section of body is divided into the second round platform (6) being positioned at centre by described second toroidal cavity With the second annular solid (7) around the second round platform, the first round platform (2) is identical with the diameter of the second round platform (6), the first round platform (2) end face and the end face of first annular body (4) are generally aligned in the same plane, the end face of the second round platform (6) and the second annular solid (7) End face be generally aligned in the same plane.
The most according to claim 1 for the sillar test specimen of pure shear test, it is characterised in that the first toroidal cavity (3) Spacing (H) between bottom and the second toroidal cavity (5) bottom is 20mm～30mm.
The most according to claim 1 or claim 2 for pure shear test sillar test specimen, it is characterised in that the first round platform (2) and The diameter (d) of the second round platform (6) is the 1/4～1/2 of the length of side (L) of the diameter (D) of cylindrical body or four-prism shape body； The width (b) of the first toroidal cavity (3) and the second toroidal cavity (5) is 2mm～8mm, the first toroidal cavity (3) The degree of depth (h1) it is 10mm～40mm, the degree of depth (h of the second toroidal cavity (5)2) it is 10mm～40mm.
The most according to claim 3 for the sillar test specimen of pure shear test, it is characterised in that the first toroidal cavity (3) It is 3mm～5mm with the width (b) of the second toroidal cavity (5), the degree of depth (h of the first toroidal cavity (3)1) it is 20mm ～30mm, the degree of depth (h of the second toroidal cavity (5)2) it is 20mm～30mm.
5., for a sillar test specimen for pure shear test, the body (1) of this sillar test specimen is cylindrical or four-prism shape, The upper surface of described body is parallel with lower surface, it is characterised in that the upper surface of described body (1) is provided with and with the center of body is First toroidal cavity (3) in the center of circle, the second annular that the lower surface of body (1) is provided with the center of body as the center of circle is recessed Groove (5), the width of the first toroidal cavity (3) and inner ring diameter and the width of the second toroidal cavity (5) and inner ring diameter Identical, the spacing (H) between the first toroidal cavity (3) bottom and the second toroidal cavity (5) bottom is 10mm～40mm, The upper segment of body is divided into and is positioned at first round platform (2) in centre and around the first round platform by described first toroidal cavity First annular body (4), the lower section of body is divided into the second round platform (6) being positioned at centre by described second toroidal cavity With the second annular solid (7) around the second round platform, the first round platform (2) is identical with the diameter of the second round platform (6), the first round platform (2) end face is higher than the end face of first annular body (4), and the end face of the second round platform (6) is higher than the end of the second annular solid (7) Face.
The most according to claim 5 for the sillar test specimen of pure shear test, it is characterised in that the first toroidal cavity (3) Spacing (H) 20mm～30mm between bottom and the second toroidal cavity (5) bottom.
7. according to described in claim 5 or 6 for pure shear test sillar test specimen, it is characterised in that the first round platform (2) and The diameter (d) of the second round platform (6) is the 1/4～1/2 of the length of side (L) of the diameter (D) of cylindrical body or four-prism shape body, Height (the h of the first round platform3) it is 10～40mm, the spacing between end face and the end face of first annular body (4) of the first round platform (h4) it is not more than 10mm；The width (b) of the first toroidal cavity (3) and the second toroidal cavity (5) is 2mm～8mm.
The most according to claim 7 for the sillar test specimen of pure shear test, it is characterised in that the height (h of the first round platform3) For 20mm～30mm, the width (b) of the first toroidal cavity (3) and the second toroidal cavity (5) is 3mm～5mm.
9. the pure shear test method of a rock, it is characterised in that tested rock is fabricated to Claims 1-4 Sillar test specimen described in middle any claim, operates as follows:
1. placing annular cushion block (9) on the testing stand of rock mechanics experiment machine, the inner ring surface diameter of described annular cushion block is little In sillar test specimen the inner ring surface diameter of the second annular solid (7), more than the diameter of the second round platform (6) in sillar test specimen, or institute The inner ring surface diameter stating annular cushion block is less than the inner ring surface diameter of first annular body (4) in sillar test specimen, more than in sillar test specimen The diameter of the first round platform (2), the outer ring surface diameter of described annular cushion block is more than diameter or the length of side of sillar test specimen body；
2. sillar test specimen is placed on annular cushion block (9), makes in centrage and the annular cushion block (9) of sillar test specimen Heart line overlaps, the second annular solid (7) end face and the end contact of annular cushion block (9), or the end face of first annular body (4) End contact with annular cushion block (9)；
3. truncated cone-shaped cushion block (8), or the second circle in sillar test specimen are placed on the first round platform (2) end face in sillar test specimen On platform (6) end face place truncated cone-shaped cushion block (8), the diameter of described truncated cone-shaped cushion block (8) more than the first round platform (2) diameter, Less than the diameter of first annular body (4) inner ring surface, or the diameter of described truncated cone-shaped cushion block (8) is more than the straight of the second round platform (6) Footpath, the diameter of inner ring surface less than the second annular solid (7), the centrage of truncated cone-shaped cushion block (8) and the centrage of sillar test specimen Overlap；
4. operation rock mechanics experiment machine, by truncated cone-shaped cushion block (8) with annular cushion block (9) to sillar test specimen on-load pressure, Sillar test specimen generation pure shear can be made to destroy.
10. the pure shear test method of a rock, it is characterised in that tested rock is fabricated to claim 5 to 8 Sillar test specimen described in middle any claim, operates as follows:
1. sillar test specimen is placed on the testing stand of rock mechanics experiment machine, make in sillar test specimen the second annular solid (7) end face with Testing stand contacts；
2. operation rock mechanics experiment machine, by the first round platform (2) end face in sillar test specimen and the second annular solid (7) end face To sillar test specimen on-load pressure, sillar test specimen generation pure shear can be made to destroy.
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