CN104296778A - Earth light simulator and star sensor visible light measurement system - Google Patents
Earth light simulator and star sensor visible light measurement system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104296778A CN104296778A CN201410486632.3A CN201410486632A CN104296778A CN 104296778 A CN104296778 A CN 104296778A CN 201410486632 A CN201410486632 A CN 201410486632A CN 104296778 A CN104296778 A CN 104296778A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C25/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses an earth light simulator and a star sensor visible light measurement system. The earth light simulator comprises a visible light source system capable of emitting illuminance with 0-0.3 solar constants, wherein the light source system comprises a lamp array formed by a plurality of LED lamps, a plurality of parabolic reflectors, and a light homogenizing plate arranged above the lamp array and away a set distance from the lamp array; at least one LED lamp is arranged at the bottom of each parabolic reflector, the opening of each parabolic reflector faces the light homogenizing plate, so that limit emitted from the LED lamp is irradiated to the light homogenizing plate after diffuse reflection of the parabolic reflector; the light homogenizing plate is semi-circular, and the diameter of the semi circle is determined by the height of the rail of the star sensor to be detected. The star sensor on the ground can simulate the influence of the earth light on the star sensor before entering the sky, so that the basis for the design and the improvement of the star sensor can be provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectricity, in particular to a visible light measuring system of a terrestrial gas simulator and a star sensor.
Background
The star sensor is a high-precision space attitude measuring device which takes a fixed star as a reference system and takes a star space as a working object. Compared with other spacecraft attitude sensors, the star sensor has high precision and small drift, and can provide accurate space orientation for space vehicles such as satellites, intercontinental strategic missiles, spacecraft and the like. Because the field angle of the star is very small, the image of the star is shot in vacuum, and the right ascension and the declination of the star are accurately known during shooting, the attitude angle precision of the star sensor which is measured and calculated is very high. At present, the star sensor is widely applied to the aerospace technical fields of earth remote sensing, earth mapping, planet detection, planet mapping, interstellar communication, intercontinental missiles and the like.
The star sensor optical head main body consists of a light shield, an optical system and a detector. The light shield mainly absorbs and eliminates stray light of the earth, the sun and the moon by the shielding blades so as to reduce the influence of the stray light on the star map identification of the detector. Especially, the area of the earth and the atmosphere reflected light is large, and the influence on the star sensor is large. Among them, those skilled in the art refer to earth and atmospheric reflected light as earth-atmosphere light. However, the star light of the star is very weak, so that the earth light acts like a huge bright disc to the star sensor in the outer space, and the attitude measurement of the star sensor is seriously influenced.
Therefore, how to simulate the influence of the earth atmosphere on the star sensor on the ground by a certain technical means before the star sensor comes to the sky and further provide a basis for the design and improvement of the star sensor becomes one of the technical problems to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a terrestrial atmosphere simulator and a star sensor visible light measuring system, which can simulate the influence of terrestrial atmosphere on a star sensor on the ground before the star sensor comes to the sky, and further provide a basis for the design and improvement of the star sensor.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a terrestrial light simulator including: the light source system is used for emitting visible light with illumination intensity of 0-0.3 solar constant;
the light source system includes: the LED lamp comprises a lamp array consisting of a plurality of LED lamps, a plurality of reflecting bowls and a light homogenizing plate arranged above the lamp array at a set distance;
wherein, the bowl bottom of each reflector is provided with at least one LED lamp; the bowl mouth of each light reflecting bowl faces the light homogenizing plate, so that light emitted by the LED lamp is irradiated on the light homogenizing plate after being subjected to diffuse reflection of the light reflecting bowl;
the light homogenizing plate is semicircular, and the diameter of the semicircle is determined according to the height of the track of the star sensor to be tested.
Preferably, the light reflecting bowl is a hexagonal truncated cone shape, and the bowl mouth of the light reflecting bowl is an equilateral hexagon; and all the light reflecting bowls are arranged in a plane parallel to the light homogenizing plate, and one sides of the bowl openings of the adjacent light reflecting bowls are aligned with each other.
Preferably, the distance between the light homogenizing plate and the lamp array is determined according to the distance between adjacent LED lamps in the lamp array.
Further, the light source system further includes: the reflector and the bottom plate are arranged below the lamp array;
the light source system is characterized in that the light reflecting plate, the light homogenizing plate and the bottom plate are sealed into a semicircular structure.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent LED lamps in the lamp array is 150mm, and the distance between the light homogenizing plate and the lamp array is 160 mm.
The included angle between the side surface of the light reflecting bowl and the bottom surface of the light reflecting bowl is 63 degrees; the height of the light reflecting bowl is 50 mm.
Preferably, the light homogenizing plate is made of nano materials, the diameter of the light homogenizing plate is 4m, and the thickness of the light homogenizing plate is 5 mm.
Further, the light source system further includes: the LED lamp comprises a radiating fin for mounting the LED lamp and a fan arranged between the radiating fin and the bottom plate;
the radiating fins are used for radiating heat generated by the LED lamp;
the fan is used for discharging heat between the cooling fin and the bottom plate to the outside of the ground light simulator.
Further, the ground-atmosphere simulator further comprises: a power supply system and a control circuit board;
the power supply system comprises a plurality of program-controlled power supplies, and the plurality of program-controlled power supplies supply power to the LED lamps in the lamp array through a network;
the control circuit board controls the current of the programmable power supply through the control knob so as to control the brightness of the LED lamp.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a star sensor visible light measuring system including:
a star sensor and the above-mentioned terrestrial atmosphere simulator;
the star sensor is arranged above a dodging plate in a light source system of the terrestrial gas simulator, the distance between the star sensor and the semicircular center of the dodging plate is determined according to the track height of the star sensor, and the normal direction of a lens of the star sensor is parallel to the dodging plate and points to the center of the semicircular arc edge of the dodging plate.
The ground-atmosphere simulator has the advantages of simple structure, stable light emission, low power consumption and continuously adjustable light-emitting illumination, and the uniformity error is less than +/-6% when the device is tested by an illuminometer. In addition, the invention tests the star sensor by designing the terrestrial atmosphere simulator, and can simulate the influence of terrestrial atmosphere on the star sensor on the ground before the star sensor comes to the sky, thereby providing a basis for the design and improvement of the star sensor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terrestrial heat simulator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a light source system in the terrestrial light simulator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a visible light measurement system of a star sensor according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples of preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
As used in this application, the terms "module," "system," and the like are intended to include a computer-related entity, such as but not limited to hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, or software in execution. For example, a module may be, but is not limited to: a process running on a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. For example, an application running on a computing device and the computing device may both be a module. One or more modules may reside within a process and/or thread of execution.
The inventor of the invention considers that the design of the terrestrial atmosphere simulator capable of simulating the terrestrial atmosphere which affects the star sensor enables the designed terrestrial atmosphere simulator to simulate the terrestrial atmosphere environment when the outdoor star sensor measures the fixed star, namely, the lighting environment of the star sensor relative to the ground at a certain orbit height is simulated. Therefore, before the star sensor is up to the sky, the designed terrestrial atmosphere simulator can be used for simulating the influence of terrestrial atmosphere on the star sensor on the ground, and further, a test analysis basis is provided for the design and improvement of the star sensor.
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a terrestrial heat simulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: the light source system 10 further includes: a power supply system 20, a case structure 30 and a control circuit board (not shown).
The light source system 10 can emit visible light with the illuminance of 0-0.3 solar constants, and the spectral range of the emitted visible light is 0.4-0.76 μm, so that earth atmosphere light influencing the star sensor can be simulated. Because the optical lens of the star sensor only faces half of the earth when the detection direction of the star sensor is vertical to the earth center direction, the inventor designs that a light source system in the earth atmosphere simulator adopts a semicircular structure with a semicircular light emitting surface, and can play a role in saving power. And the illuminance of the light emitted by the light source system is continuously adjustable within the range of 0-0.3 solar constants. One of the solar constants is about 130000Lx, and if the earth is against the sun and the average reflectivity is 0.3, the reflected light illumination is 39000 Lx.
The power supply system 20 comprises a plurality of program-controlled power supplies which supply power to the ground gas simulator through networking.
The control circuit board controls the current of the programmed power supply in the power supply system 20 through the control knob.
The case structure 30 is used to assemble the light source system 10, the power supply system 20 and the control circuit board into the floor air simulator.
Specifically, the structural schematic diagram of the light source system in the above terrestrial light simulator, as shown in fig. 2, includes: the LED lamp comprises a lamp array consisting of a plurality of LED lamps 12, a plurality of reflecting bowls 13 and a light homogenizing plate 11.
Wherein, the LED lamp 12 in the lamp array is an ultra-bright LED lamp and can emit light with a spectral range of 0.4-0.76 μm. The number of the LED lamps 12 in the lamp array can be determined according to the maximum illuminance of the light required to be emitted by the light source system and the wattage of the selected single LED lamp. For example, if the power of a single LED lamp is selected to be 50W, the luminous flux of a 50W LED lamp is 3000Lm, considering that the luminous intensity of the LED lamp 12 is approximately lambertian; the light intensity distribution is changed after the light is condensed by the reflector 13, and the light vertically incident to the light homogenizing plate 11 only accounts for a part of the whole light of the LED lamp 12; the ratio is about 0.6 as measured by an illuminometer, and if the reflectivity of the reflector is 0.95 and the transmittance of the light homogenizing plate is 0.85, the total efficiency is 0.95 × 0.85 × 0.6 to 0.48; further, considering that the LED lamp 12 suffers from light attenuation over a long period of time, the total illuminance is set to 50000Lx, and the total luminous flux is set to 50000 × 6 to 300000 Lm. The LED lamp 12 requires 300000/3000/0.48-208 in total. Since 3 LED lamps 12 are usually used as a group and powered by a programmable power supply, the number of LED lamps in the lamp array can be determined to be 210. Thus, 70 programmed power supplies are needed for 210 LED lamps. And the control circuit board can control the current of the program control power supply through the control knob, so that the brightness of the LED lamp is controlled, and the purpose of adjusting the illumination is achieved.
In general, a xenon lamp is used as a light source for a solar simulator because a spectrum of light emitted from the xenon lamp includes not only a visible light portion but also infrared and ultraviolet portions; the ground gas light simulated by the ground gas light simulator is visible light, so the LED lamp capable of emitting visible light spectrum is adopted as the light source of the ground gas light simulator in the invention.
At least one LED lamp 12 is arranged at the bottom of each light reflecting bowl 13; the bowl mouth of each reflector 13 faces the light homogenizing plate 11, so that light emitted by the LED lamp 12 is diffused by the reflector 13 and then irradiates the light homogenizing plate 11.
Preferably, in order to ensure uniformity of light irradiated on the light uniformizing plate 11, the light reflecting bowls 13 are arranged in a plane parallel to the light uniformizing plate 11, and the light reflecting bowls 13 can be compactly arranged with respect to each other. In order to realize that the light reflecting bowls 13 can be compactly arranged, the light reflecting bowls 13 can be hexagonal truncated cones with a bowl opening being an equilateral hexagon, four-prismatic truncated cones with a bowl opening being a rectangle (including a square), or triangular truncated cones with a bowl opening being an equilateral triangle. Therefore, when the light reflecting bowls 13 are arranged in a plane parallel to the dodging plate 11, one edge of the bowl openings of the adjacent light reflecting bowls 13 can be aligned with each other. The manner (e.g., screw manner, etc.) of disposing the LED lamp at the bottom of the reflector is well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described herein again.
Preferably, in order to further ensure the uniformity of the light irradiated on the light uniformizing plate 11, the included angle between the side surface of the light reflecting bowl 13 and the bottom surface thereof is 63 °, and the height of the light reflecting bowl 13 is 50 mm.
The light homogenizing plate 11 is disposed above the lamp array at a set distance. Preferably, to ensure the uniformity of the light emitted from the light source system, the distance between the light homogenizing plate 11 and the lamp array can be determined according to the distance between adjacent LED lamps 12 in the lamp array. For example, the distance between adjacent LED lamps 12 in the lamp array is 150mm, and the distance between the light uniforming plate 11 and the lamp array may be 160 mm.
Also, the light unifying plate 11 is semicircular so that the light source system has a semicircular light emitting surface. Wherein the diameter of the semicircle is determined according to the track height of the star sensor to be inspected. Usually, the star sensor is at the orbit height of 100 km-600 km, the diameter of the semicircular light homogenizing plate in the terrestrial gas simulator can be calculated by the field angle of the earth to the star sensor to be about 4m, and correspondingly, the area of the light homogenizing plate 11 is about 6m2The luminous flux was 234000 Lm. For the light evenly distributed who transmits behind the even worn-out fur 11, can adopt thickness to be 5mm, and even worn-out fur 11 by nano-material makes to even worn-out fur 11 carries out the water conservancy diversion to the light of shining this even worn-out fur, forms the diffuser, makes the light evenly distributed who transmits behind the even worn-out fur 11.
Further, the light source system 10 further includes a reflector 15 and a base plate 17 disposed below the lamp array.
The light reflecting plate 15, the light homogenizing plate 11 and the bottom plate 17 enclose a light source system in a semicircular structure. In other words, the top of the light source system with the semicircular structure is the light uniformizing plate 11, the bottom thereof is the bottom plate 17, and the side walls thereof are the light reflecting plates 15.
Preferably, the light source system further comprises: a heat sink 14 to which the LED lamp 12 is mounted, and a plurality of fans 16 disposed between the heat sink 14 and a base plate 17.
The heat sink 14 is used to dissipate heat generated by the LED lamp 12. Typically, 3 LED lamps can be grouped together, with one group of LED lamps mounted on one heat sink 14.
The fan 16 serves to discharge heat between the heat sink 14 and the base plate 17 to the outside of the floor simulator.
The working process of the terrestrial heat simulator mainly comprises the following steps: after a technician closes a power switch of the power supply system 20, the technician adjusts the control knob to a certain position and presses the button switch; the control circuit board sends a power supply starting command and a current magnitude command to the programmable power supply in the power supply system 20, lights the LED lamp 12 in the light source system 10, and controls the brightness of the LED lamp 12; the light emitted by the LED lamp 12 is condensed by the reflecting bowl 13 and then shines on the light uniformizing plate 11, and the light uniformizing plate 11 makes the light uniform. The heat generated by the LED lamp 12 is dissipated through the heat sink 14. A fan 16 between the heat sink 14 and the base plate 17 expels heat out of the floor model.
The ground-atmosphere simulator has the advantages of simple structure, stable light emission, low power consumption and continuously adjustable light-emitting illumination, and the uniformity error is less than +/-6% when the device is tested by an illuminometer.
The terrestrial gas simulator can be used in a star sensor visible light measuring system. Specifically, the schematic diagram of the visible light measuring system of the star sensor of the invention is shown in fig. 3, and comprises: a star sensor and the above-mentioned terrestrial atmosphere simulator.
The optical head main body of the star sensor consists of a light shield, an optical system and a detector. The star sensor is arranged above a dodging plate 11 in a light source system 10 of the earth-atmosphere simulator, the distance between the star sensor and the semicircular center of the dodging plate 11 is determined according to the track height of the star sensor, and the normal direction of a lens of the star sensor is parallel to the dodging plate 11 and points to the center of the semicircular arc edge of the dodging plate 11.
When the star sensor is arranged at a position with a distance of 0.4m from the semicircular center of the light homogenizing plate 11, the condition that the star sensor is at the height of 100km track can be simulated. When the star sensor is arranged at a position with a distance of 0.9m from the semicircular center of the light homogenizing plate 11, the situation that the star sensor is positioned at the height of a 600km track can be simulated.
When the star sensor detects a star map, the terrestrial gas simulator is started, the luminous illuminance of the terrestrial gas simulator is adjusted, and whether the star sensor is influenced by the light emitted by the terrestrial gas simulator or not is observed, so that the index feasibility of the star sensor is checked, and a test basis is provided for the design and improvement of the star sensor. The technical scheme of the invention is simple and easy to implement and has strong operability.
In conclusion, the ground-atmosphere simulator has the advantages of simple structure, stable light emission, low power consumption and continuously adjustable light-emitting illumination, and the uniformity error of the light-emitting illumination tested by the illuminometer is less than +/-6%. In addition, the invention tests the star sensor by designing the terrestrial atmosphere simulator, and can simulate the influence of terrestrial atmosphere on the star sensor on the ground before the star sensor comes to the sky, thereby providing a basis for the design and improvement of the star sensor.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by relevant hardware instructed by a program, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as: ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A terrestrial light simulator, comprising: the light source system is used for emitting visible light with illumination intensity of 0-0.3 solar constant;
the light source system includes: the LED lamp comprises a lamp array consisting of a plurality of LED lamps, a plurality of reflecting bowls and a light homogenizing plate arranged above the lamp array at a set distance; wherein,
the bowl bottom of each light reflecting bowl is provided with at least one LED lamp; the bowl mouth of each light reflecting bowl faces the light homogenizing plate, so that light emitted by the LED lamp is irradiated on the light homogenizing plate after being subjected to diffuse reflection of the light reflecting bowl;
the light homogenizing plate is semicircular, and the diameter of the semicircle is determined according to the height of the track of the star sensor to be tested.
2. The ground gas simulator of claim 1, wherein the light reflecting bowl is a hexagonal truncated cone shape, and the bowl mouth of the light reflecting bowl is an equilateral hexagon; and
the light reflecting bowls are arranged in a plane parallel to the light homogenizing plate, and one sides of the bowl openings of the adjacent light reflecting bowls are aligned with each other.
3. The floor simulator of claim 1 or 2, wherein a distance between the smoothing plate and the lamp array is determined according to a distance between adjacent LED lamps in the lamp array.
4. The ground-atmosphere simulator of claim 3, wherein the light source system further comprises: the reflector and the bottom plate are arranged below the lamp array;
the light source system is characterized in that the light reflecting plate, the light homogenizing plate and the bottom plate are sealed into a semicircular structure.
5. The ground-atmosphere simulator of claim 3, wherein the distance between adjacent LED lamps in the lamp array is 150mm, and the distance between the smoothing plate and the lamp array is 160 mm.
6. The ground-atmosphere simulator of claim 2, wherein the angle between the side surface of the reflector and the bottom surface thereof is 63 °; the height of the light reflecting bowl is 50 mm.
7. The ground-atmosphere simulator of claim 3, wherein the smoothing plate is made of nano material, has a diameter of 4m and a thickness of 5 mm.
8. The ground-atmosphere simulator of any one of claims 4-7, wherein the light source system further comprises: the LED lamp comprises a radiating fin for mounting the LED lamp and a fan arranged between the radiating fin and the bottom plate;
the radiating fins are used for radiating heat generated by the LED lamp;
the fan is used for discharging heat between the cooling fin and the bottom plate to the outside of the ground light simulator.
9. The ground-atmosphere simulator of claim 8, further comprising: a power supply system and a control circuit board; wherein,
the power supply system comprises a plurality of program-controlled power supplies, and the plurality of program-controlled power supplies supply power to the LED lamps in the lamp array through a network;
the control circuit board controls the current of the programmable power supply through the control knob so as to control the brightness of the LED lamp.
10. A star sensor visible light measurement system comprising: a star sensor and a geomantic optical simulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9;
the star sensor is arranged above a dodging plate in a light source system of the terrestrial gas simulator, the distance between the star sensor and the semicircular center of the dodging plate is determined according to the track height of the star sensor, and the normal direction of a lens of the star sensor is parallel to the dodging plate and points to the center of the semicircular arc edge of the dodging plate.
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| CN201410486632.3A CN104296778B (en) | 2014-09-22 | 2014-09-22 | Earth light simulator and star sensor visible light measurement system |
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| CN104833371A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-08-12 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Visible light earth radiance simulator for star sensor ground experiment |
| CN108397754A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-08-14 | 北京环境特性研究所 | A kind of lamp holder frame, lamp holder mechanism and ground vapour optical simulator |
| CN108397754B (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2023-06-16 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Lamp holder frame, lamp holder mechanism and earth atmosphere light simulator |
| CN112061425A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-11 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | Method for avoiding interference of earth gas light on agile small satellite star sensor |
| CN112061425B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2022-04-08 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | Method for avoiding interference of earth gas light on agile small satellite star sensor |
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