CN104291787A - 一种复合陶瓷材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3232—Titanium oxides or titanates, e.g. rutile or anatase
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3244—Zirconium oxides, zirconates, hafnium oxides, hafnates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3246—Stabilised zirconias, e.g. YSZ or cerium stabilised zirconia
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3284—Zinc oxides, zincates, cadmium oxides, cadmiates, mercury oxides, mercurates or oxide forming salts thereof
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Abstract
本发明公开了含多种金属氧化物（氧化钛、氧化锆、氧化镁及氧化锌）和高岭土复合陶瓷的制备方法，该制备方法是：钛酸丁酯、硝酸锆、硝酸镁、硝酸锌溶于一定浓度的硝酸，通过水解、聚合反应生成复合前驱体；将高岭土分散于水中，分别加入粘结剂、表面活性剂与分散剂，搅拌得到改性剂溶液；将复合前驱体与改性剂混合，静置反应得到复合胶体溶液；经过滤分离得到固态浆体，经过滤分离、干燥、热处理得到结构有序的复合陶瓷。本发明通过化学法复合了多种金属氧化物，所制得的复合陶瓷具有良好的微观结构及优异的性能，该方法也可应用于其它复合金属氧化物陶瓷的制备。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷材料的制备技术，特别是一种含氧化钛、氧化锆、氧化镁、氧化锌及高岭土的复合陶瓷的制备方法。
背景技术
化学制备技术是通过化学合成方法，将有机材料和无机材料进行有机融合的一门技术，具有价格低廉、制备简单、不需要昂贵的仪器设备、可在分子水平控制材料的结构及性质等优点，涉及无机材料、有机材料、复合材料等众多领域。
含多种金属氧化物的复合陶瓷材料的制备，通常通过物理混合，按一定比例调配合成，但多种金属氧化物之间的协同作用无法充分发挥，化学制备技术具有复合无机和有机材料的优势。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：提供一种复合陶瓷的制备方法。通过化学制备技术，制备含氧化钛、氧化锆、氧化镁、氧化锌及高岭土的复合陶瓷，结构高度有序，性能优异。
本发明的技术解决方案是：钛酸丁酯、硝酸锆、硝酸镁、硝酸锌溶于一定浓度的硝酸中，发生水解、聚合反应生成复合前驱体；将高岭土分散于水中，分别加入粘结剂、表面活性剂与分散剂，搅拌得到改性剂溶液；将复合前驱体与改性剂混合，静置反应得到复合胶体溶液；经过滤分离、干燥、热处理得到结构有序的复合陶瓷。
本发明与现有技术相比，其显著优点：其一、在化学合成过程中，前驱体与改性剂通过化学反应，将金属离子有机结合到胶体颗粒中；其二、固态浆体经热处理，得到的复合陶瓷具有良好的微观结构，有效复合了多种金属氧化物。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明的技术解决方案，这些实施例不能理解为是对技术解决方案的限制。
实施例1：依以下步骤制备复合陶瓷
步骤1：将3.4g 钛酸丁酯、0.34g硝酸锆、0.34g硝酸镁及0.34g硝酸锌溶于15g质量浓度 60%的浓硝酸中，磁力搅拌40min，得到澄清的复合前驱体A；
步骤2：将2.0g高岭土加入到50ml水中，在70oC水浴中搅拌，加入1.5g粘结剂羟乙基纤维素、1.5g表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠、1g分散剂平平加，机械搅拌2h，得到混合均匀的改性剂溶液B；
步骤3：在一容器中，首先加入复合前驱体A，随后将冷却至30oC的溶液B缓慢倒入A中，静置反应24h，得到复合胶体溶液C；
步骤4：复合胶体溶液C经过滤分离经过滤分离、干燥后，经500oC热处理4h得到结构有序的复合陶瓷。
实施例2：依以下步骤制备复合陶瓷
步骤1：同实施例1的步骤1；
步骤2：将1.0g高岭土加入到50ml水中，在50oC水浴中搅拌，加入0.5g粘结剂羟乙基纤维素、0.5g表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠、0.25g分散剂平平加，机械搅拌1h，得到混合均匀的改性剂溶液B；
步骤3：同实施例1的步骤3；
步骤4：复合胶体溶液C经过滤分离经过滤分离、干燥后，经800oC热处理得到结构有序的复合陶瓷。
实施例3：依以下步骤制备复合陶瓷
步骤1：将3.4g 钛酸丁酯、0.68g硝酸锆、0.17g硝酸镁及0.17g硝酸锌溶于15g质量浓度 60%的浓硝酸中，磁力搅拌30 min，得到澄清的复合前驱体A；
步骤2：将1.5g高岭土加入到50ml水中，在60oC水浴中搅拌，加入1.0g粘结剂羟乙基纤维素、1.0g表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠、0.4g分散剂平平加，机械搅拌1.5h，得到混合均匀的改性剂溶液B；
步骤3，在一容器中，首先加入复合前驱体A，随后将冷却至25oC的溶液B缓慢倒入A中，静置反应12h，得到复合胶体溶液C；
步骤4：同实施例1的步骤4。
实施例4：依以下步骤制备复合陶瓷
步骤1：将3.4g 钛酸丁酯、0.5g硝酸锆、0.3g硝酸镁及0.3g硝酸锌溶于15g质量浓度 60%的浓硝酸中，磁力搅拌30 min，得到澄清的复合前驱体A；
步骤2：同实施例2中的步骤2；
步骤3：在一容器中，首先加入复合前驱体A，随后将冷却至35oC的溶液B缓慢倒入A中，静置反应18h，得到复合胶体溶液C；
步骤4：复合胶体溶液C经过滤分离经过滤分离、干燥后，经600oC热处理得到结构有序的复合陶瓷。
Claims (2)
1.一种复合陶瓷及其制备方法，其特征在于：该陶瓷配方原料为有机钛酸丁酯、硝酸锆、硝酸镁、硝酸锌，其相应质量比例为1：（10%-20%）：（5%-10%）：（5%-10%）；去离子水、高岭土、粘结剂羟乙基纤维素、表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠（或十二烷基磺酸钠）、分散剂平平加，其对应质量比例为1：（2%-4%）：（1%-3%）：（1%-3%）：（0.5%-1%）；一种复合陶瓷及其制备方法，其特征在于：该复合陶瓷采用化学制备技术，具体步骤为钛酸丁酯、硝酸锆、硝酸镁、硝酸锌溶于一定浓度的硝酸，通过水解、聚合反应生成复合前驱体；将高岭土分散于水中，分别加入粘结剂、表面活性剂与分散剂，搅拌得到改性剂溶液；将复合前驱体与改性剂混合，静置反应得到复合胶体溶液；经过滤分离得到固态浆体，经过滤分离、干燥、热处理得到结构有序的复合陶瓷。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于该制备方法的步骤是复合前驱体首先加入至容器中，后加入改性剂溶液，静置反应12h-36h，得到复合胶体溶液。
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| CN105254282A (zh) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-20 | 季红军 | 一种建筑陶瓷材料的制备方法 |
| CN105503177A (zh) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-20 | 季红军 | 一种电子陶瓷材料的制备方法 |
| CN105601276A (zh) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-05-25 | 季红军 | 一种电子陶瓷复合材料的制备方法 |
| CN105732030A (zh) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-07-06 | 季红军 | 一种电热膜复合材料的制备方法 |
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| CN108640650A (zh) * | 2018-06-24 | 2018-10-12 | 龚娟 | 一种复合陶瓷材料的制备方法 |
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| CN108996989A (zh) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-14 | 龚娟 | 一种保温陶瓷复合材料的制备方法 |
| CN110669975A (zh) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-10 | 李秀英 | 一种高强度陶瓷材料 |
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