CN104289543A - Method for extruding high-performance light alloy sheet materials - Google Patents

Method for extruding high-performance light alloy sheet materials Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104289543A
CN104289543A CN201410608272.XA CN201410608272A CN104289543A CN 104289543 A CN104289543 A CN 104289543A CN 201410608272 A CN201410608272 A CN 201410608272A CN 104289543 A CN104289543 A CN 104289543A
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alloy
magnesium
aluminium
performance light
magnesium alloy
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CN104289543B (en
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蒋斌
潘复生
石东博
何俊杰
杨青山
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extruding high-performance light alloy sheet materials. The method comprises the following steps: 1) respectively taking at least one block of magnesium alloy and at least one block of aluminium alloy, and overlapping and fixing the magnesium alloy and the aluminium alloy; 2) putting a magnesium-aluminium composite block which is obtained in the step 1) into an extrusion mould to extrude the magnesium-aluminium composite block, and at the same time extruding the magnesium-aluminium composite block from the extrusion mould to obtain the composite extrusion sheet materials. According to the method for extruding the high-performance light alloy sheet materials, disclosed by the invention, greater shear stress is introduced in the same metal block, and metal mixing does not occur among all the metal sheet materials, so that crystal grains can be refined, and the texture can be weakened; for the method for extruding the high-performance light alloy sheet materials, which disclosed by the invention, only the extruding and compositing manner needs to be changed, and the extrusion mould does not need to be redesigned, so that the method has a greater production and research value.

Description

A kind of pressing method of high performance light sheet alloy
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal and alloy field, relate to metal forming process, particularly the method for magnalium composite board is produced in synchronous extrusion process.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy has specific strength, specific stiffness is high, thermal conductivity and damping vibration attenuation performance good, the advantages such as capability of electromagnetic shielding and machinability are excellent, are with a wide range of applications in each fields such as space flight and aviation, automobile, electrical equipment, communications.Because the crystal structure of magnesium alloy is close-packed hexagonal, lack independently slip system, therefore process more difficult.Up to the present, most of magnesium-alloy material is mainly through Foundry Production, but cast article exists organizes the shortcomings such as thick, defect is more, thus cause its mechanical property not ideal enough, greatly constrain the extensive use of magnesium alloy, and deformation processing magnesium alloy there is higher mechanical property than cast magnesium alloy.The more magnesium alloy deformation processing mode of current application is mainly roll forming and extrusion molding, but rolling mill practice more complicated, the production cycle is long, production efficiency is low, and product recovery rate is low, and ultimate cost is very high, and the large area having a strong impact on magnesium alloy plate uses.Compared with rolling, during extrusion process, material deforms under three-dimensional stress state, can be once extruded, and production efficiency is high; Meanwhile, the flexibility of extrusion process is large, can produce the product of shape of cross section complexity.Therefore, the mechanical property studying magnesium alloy extrusion sheet material has important meaning.
At present, magnesium alloy plate crimp mainly adopts single ingot casting directly to put into mould to carry out symmetrical forward extrusion, although extrusion process is simple, easy to operate, but the sheet material mechanical property obtained is limited, and there is comparatively serious basal plane texture, can not meet the need of market.
The purposes of magnesium-aluminium composite material (particularly composite board, bar) is very extensive, but commonsense method is difficult to produce satisfactory magnesium-aluminium composite material.For this reason, University Of Chongqing's gold-tinted victory and prosperous wait people the to individually disclose a kind of method (details application reference number 200610054269.3 " a kind of magnalium composite bimetal pipe/bars ", application number 201410152407.6 " a kind of magnalium multilayer composite board and processing method thereof ") that hollow aluminium ingot parcel magnesium ingot synchronously extrudes production magnesium-aluminium composite material of letter fortune.Although magnesium and aluminium are all synchronously added extruder and extrude by these two kinds of methods, but its object mainly forms aluminium alloy protective layer in magnesium alloy appearance, thus improve its resistance to corrosion, and magnesium alloy is completely coated by aluminium alloy in these two kinds of methods, in extrusion process, the lateral flow of magnesium alloy extrusion sheet material is subject to aluminum material coated restriction, very easily produce cross direction profiles uneven, finally cause whole composite horizontal organization and performance uneven, anisotropy is serious, is not well positioned to meet instructions for use; In addition, in this method extrusion process, magnesium alloy entirety does not contact with recipient, and it is in stress symmetric state (deformation process of magnesium alloy and the symmetrical extrusion type of ordinary magnesium alloy seemingly, can not improve the basal plane texture of magnesium alloy) along thickness direction.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pressing method of high performance light sheet alloy.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A pressing method for high performance light sheet alloy, comprises the following steps:
1) one block of magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy, is at least respectively got and superimposed fixing;
2), by step 1) fixing alloy block adds extrusion die and synchronously extrudes, and described magnadure block is extruded from extruding die orifice simultaneously, obtains Compound Extrusion sheet material.
Preferably, step 1) selected magnesium alloy is AZ31 or AZ61.
Preferably, step 1) to be 5000 be or 3000 line aluminium alloys selected aluminium alloy.
Preferably, step 1) institute's magnesium alloy of getting and each one piece of aluminium alloy, the thickness of described aluminium alloy is 1/10 ~ 1/2 or described magnesium alloy thickness of magnesium alloy thickness is 1/10 ~ 1/2 of thickness of aluminum alloy.
Preferably, step 1) magnesium alloy of getting is 1 piece, aluminium alloy is 2 pieces, and the mode of pressing aluminium alloy/magnesium/aluminum alloy is superimposed fixing, wherein thickness of aluminum alloy is 1/15 ~ 1/3 of magnesium alloy.
Preferably, step 1) superimposed fixing before also comprise and carry out cleaning smooth step to magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy contact surface, superimposed fixing after also comprise the step that Mg-Al composite block is heated.
Preferably, step 2) extrusion temperature is 380-400 DEG C, extrusion speed is 3-5m/min, and extrusion ratio is 20-50.
Preferably, step 2) extruded after also comprise lonneal treatment step.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The pressing method of high performance light sheet alloy of the present invention, magnesium alloy plate and aluminum alloy plate materials are stacked fixing after add recipient and synchronously extrude, Presence of an interface between magnalium sheet material, relative flowing (in Fig. 9 shown in dotted arrow) can not be there is between magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy in extrusion process, can prevent the magnesium aluminium intermetallic compound of fragility from generating, make metal transversely with longitudinal Uniform Flow, realize better combine.
Because magnesium alloy is different with aluminium alloy deformability, and in extrusion process there is not macroscopic view slip in sheet material interface, therefore in extruded process, sheet material each several part flow velocity difference is obvious, as shown in Figure 9: the magnesium alloy of contact interface annex and the flow velocity of aluminium alloy are V, and be respectively V1 and V2 away from the flow velocity of interface magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy, by the impact of self plastic deformation performance, now V1 > V > V2, namely same metal each several part flow velocity is inconsistent, there is shear stress in inside, and this shear stress can remarkable crystal grain thinning, weaken texture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly, the invention provides following accompanying drawing and being described:
Fig. 1 is that embodiment 1 cast metals stacks schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that embodiment 2 cast metals stacks schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the metallograph that embodiment 1 extrudes gained sheet metal;
Fig. 4 is the metallograph that comparative example 1 extrudes gained sheet metal;
Fig. 5 is sheet material flow schematic diagram in embodiment 1 extrusion process.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
The pressing method of the present embodiment high performance light sheet alloy, comprises the following steps:
1) respectively get one piece of measure-alike cylindrical magnesium alloy ingot and aluminium alloy cast ingot and cut open along axis;
2) cleaning step 1) split surface of gained semi-cylindrical magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy cast ingot polishing be to smooth;
3) by step 2) semi-cylindrical magnesium alloy after polishing is stacked together with aluminium alloy cast ingot that (cutting plane is relative, as shown in Figure 1) and fix (avoid in extrusion process, producing macroscopical relative sliding, should fit tightly seamless between sheet material simultaneously) with aluminium wire;
4) by step 3) Mg-Al composite block be heated to 380 DEG C of insulation 1h and be placed on pressurizing unit and extrude; Described Mg-Al composite block is extruded from extruding die orifice simultaneously, obtains Compound Extrusion sheet material;
5) 400 DEG C of temper steps 4) sheet material extruded obtains product.
In the present embodiment, magnesium alloy is AZ31, and aluminium alloy is 5052, and thickness of aluminum alloy is 1/4 of magnesium alloy.
In the present embodiment, extrusion speed is 4m/min, and extrusion ratio is 30.
Embodiment 2:
The pressing method of the present embodiment high performance light sheet alloy, comprises the following steps:
1) three pieces of cross sections magnesium alloy that can overlap completely and aluminum alloy cast ingot bar, wherein aluminium alloy two pieces, one piece, magnesium alloy;
2) cleaning polishing step 1) magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy cast ingot bar;
3) by step 2) polishing after ingot casting block be stacked together (as shown in Figure 2) and fix (avoiding in extrusion process, producing macroscopical relative sliding) with aluminium wire;
4) by step 3) Mg-Al composite block be heated to 380 DEG C of insulation 1h and be placed on pressurizing unit and extrude; Described Mg-Al composite block is extruded from extruding die orifice simultaneously, obtains Compound Extrusion sheet material;
5) 400 DEG C of temper steps 4) sheet material extruded obtains product.
In the present embodiment, magnesium alloy is AZ31, and aluminium alloy is 3003, and thickness of aluminum alloy is 1/5 of magnesium alloy.
In the present embodiment, extrusion speed is 4m/min, and extrusion ratio is 30.
Comparative example 1:
Carry out common symmetric extruding in 400 DEG C after getting the polishing of cylindrical AZ31 magnesium alloy ingot, extrusion ratio is 30, and extrusion speed is 4m/min.
Performance test:
Example 1 and comparative example 1 gained sheet material carry out metallographic structure analysis and Mechanics Performance Testing, result as Fig. 3,4 and following table shown in:
Fig. 3 is the metallograph of embodiment 1 gained sheet material, and what in figure, color was darker is aluminium alloy, as seen from Figure 1, there is obvious compound interface in the composite board of magnesium alloy and aluminium, but interface combines closely, and both sides, interface crystal grain is tiny.
Fig. 4 is the metallograph of comparative example 1 gained magnesium alloy plate.
Comparison diagram 3, Fig. 4 can find out, in coextrusion mold production metallic composite panel of the present invention, magnesium alloy side obtains the obvious refinement of crystal grain.
Classification Yield strength/MPa Tensile strength/MPa Percentage elongation/%
Comparative example 1 163.3 248.5 17.1
Embodiment 1 164.7 302.4 19.6
As can be seen from the above table, compared with comparative example 1, intensity (tensile strength) and moulding (percentage elongation) of embodiment 1 gained Compound Extrusion sheet material are all improved, and comprehensive mechanical property is obviously high than the AZ31 sheet material of common extruding.
Magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy are stacked together and carry out Compound Extrusion by above-described embodiment, and due to Presence of an interface between sheet metal, different metal block/plate, in extrusion process, relative flowing can not occur; There is larger shear stress between same metal derby in extrusion process, thus play crystal grain thinning, the effect of reduction texture.
The pressing method of the present embodiment high performance light sheet alloy only need change extrusion cladding mode, without the need to redesigning extrusion die, has stronger production and researching value.
It should be noted that, when magnesium alloy is AZ31 or AZ61, when aluminium alloy is 5000 or 3000, all can obtain good effect; Complex method also can be Al/Mg/Al/Mg/Al or Al/Mg/Mg/Al.What finally illustrate is, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from claims of the present invention limited range.

Claims (8)

1. a pressing method for high performance light sheet alloy, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) one block of magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy, is at least respectively got and superimposed fixing;
2), by step 1) fixing alloy block adds extrusion die and synchronously extrudes, and described magnadure block is extruded from extruding die orifice simultaneously, obtains Compound Extrusion sheet material.
2. the pressing method of high performance light sheet alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 1) selected magnesium alloy is AZ31 or AZ61.
3. the pressing method of high performance light sheet alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 1) to be 5000 be or 3000 line aluminium alloys selected aluminium alloy.
4. the pressing method of high performance light sheet alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 1) institute's magnesium alloy of getting and each one piece of aluminium alloy, the thickness of described aluminium alloy is 1/10 ~ 1/2 or described magnesium alloy thickness of magnesium alloy thickness is 1/10 ~ 1/2 of thickness of aluminum alloy.
5. the pressing method of high performance light sheet alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 1) magnesium alloy of getting is 1 piece, aluminium alloy is 2 pieces, and the mode of pressing aluminium alloy/magnesium/aluminum alloy is superimposed fixing, wherein thickness of aluminum alloy is 1/15 ~ 1/3 of magnesium alloy.
6. the pressing method of high performance light sheet alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 1) superimposed fixing before also comprise and carry out cleaning smooth step to magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy contact surface, superimposed fixing after also comprise the step that Mg-Al composite block is heated.
7. the pressing method of high performance light sheet alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) extrusion temperature is 380-400 DEG C, extrusion speed is 3-5m/min, and extrusion ratio is 20-50.
8. the pressing method of high performance light sheet alloy according to claim 1-7 any one, is characterized in that: step 2) extruded after also comprise temper step.
CN201410608272.XA 2014-10-30 2014-10-30 A kind of pressing method of high performance light sheet alloy Expired - Fee Related CN104289543B (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104815864A (en) * 2015-05-05 2015-08-05 太原理工大学 Extrusion processing method of high-performance magnesium alloy sheet material
CN105583628A (en) * 2015-12-23 2016-05-18 上海交通大学 Method for manufacturing bi-metal composite material through combination of solid aluminum solid and liquid compounding and extruding
CN106079739A (en) * 2016-06-08 2016-11-09 内蒙古工业大学 A kind of laminar composite and preparation method thereof
CN106391743A (en) * 2016-11-18 2017-02-15 山东科技大学 Extrusion device and method for connecting magnesium alloy with aluminum alloy
CN106513453A (en) * 2016-11-18 2017-03-22 山东科技大学 Amorphous alloy hot extrusion device and method
CN110520618A (en) * 2016-11-20 2019-11-29 O·达汉 Light weight piston
CN110695090A (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-01-17 重庆大学 Novel method for weakening magnesium alloy plate texture through asymmetric deformation
CN111715719A (en) * 2020-07-01 2020-09-29 哈尔滨理工大学 Extrusion forming device and method for heterogeneous light metal splice plate

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104815864A (en) * 2015-05-05 2015-08-05 太原理工大学 Extrusion processing method of high-performance magnesium alloy sheet material
CN105583628A (en) * 2015-12-23 2016-05-18 上海交通大学 Method for manufacturing bi-metal composite material through combination of solid aluminum solid and liquid compounding and extruding
CN106079739A (en) * 2016-06-08 2016-11-09 内蒙古工业大学 A kind of laminar composite and preparation method thereof
CN106079739B (en) * 2016-06-08 2018-11-13 内蒙古工业大学 A kind of laminar composite and preparation method thereof
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CN106391743B (en) * 2016-11-18 2018-03-06 山东科技大学 A kind of pressurizing unit and method for connecting magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy
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CN106391743A (en) * 2016-11-18 2017-02-15 山东科技大学 Extrusion device and method for connecting magnesium alloy with aluminum alloy
CN110520618A (en) * 2016-11-20 2019-11-29 O·达汉 Light weight piston
CN110520618B (en) * 2016-11-20 2022-04-29 O·达汉 Method for producing lightweight piston from magnesium alloy and lightweight piston
CN110695090A (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-01-17 重庆大学 Novel method for weakening magnesium alloy plate texture through asymmetric deformation
CN111715719A (en) * 2020-07-01 2020-09-29 哈尔滨理工大学 Extrusion forming device and method for heterogeneous light metal splice plate
CN111715719B (en) * 2020-07-01 2022-02-18 哈尔滨理工大学 Extrusion forming device and method for heterogeneous light metal splice plate

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