CN104285099A - Solid fuel burner with electrodynamic homogenization - Google Patents
Solid fuel burner with electrodynamic homogenization Download PDFInfo
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- CN104285099A CN104285099A CN201380016192.9A CN201380016192A CN104285099A CN 104285099 A CN104285099 A CN 104285099A CN 201380016192 A CN201380016192 A CN 201380016192A CN 104285099 A CN104285099 A CN 104285099A
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- solid fuel
- electrode
- fuel burner
- electric field
- homogenizing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using solid fuels; Combustion processes therefor
- F23B2900/00006—Means for applying electricity to flame, e.g. an electric field
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
A solid fuel burner may include a system for electrodynamic homogenization. One or more electrodes may apply an electric field to burning solid fuel or a region proximate the burning solid fuel. The electric field causes mixing and homogenization of volatilized fractions of the solid fuel, combustion gases, and air. The improved mixing and homogenization may reduce emission of carbon monoxide (CO), reduce emission of oxides of nitrogen (NOx), reduce oxygen in flue gas, increase temperature of flue gas, and/or allow for a larger grate surface.
Description
The cross reference of related application
This application claims the benefit of priority of the U.S. Provisional Patent Application that application number is 61/640,695, name is called " solid fuel burner (SOLID FUEL BURNER WITH ELECTRODYNAMIC HOMOGENIZATION) with electronic homogenizing ", on April 30th, 2012 submits to; With the benefit of priority of the U.S. Provisional Patent Application that application number is 61/616,223, name is called " multifuel firing system and method (MULTIPLE FUEL COMBUSTION SYSTEM AND METHOD) ", on March 27th, 2012 submits to; These files in a way with this paper disclosure not contradiction, and to be incorporated to by reference.
Background
Fig. 1 illustrates the diagram according to a part for the solid fuel burner of the fire grate feed of prior art, and this solid fuel burner is modified in light of the disclosure herein.Solid fuel burner can comprise the wall 102 and fire grate 104 that define combustion volume, and fire grate 104 supports the solid fuel 106 on it.The lower combustion air (underfire combustion air) of fire can be delivered to fuel by below fire grate 104 via under the fire from air blast 110 or primary air source (primary air source) 108.Then hot gas 112 can be delivered, for generating (such as, by heating for transmitting the water pipe of steam to steam turbine), for adding hot-air (such as, by pass air-air heat exchanger transmitting energy), or for heat treating materials.Fuel 106 can comprise various solid fuel, such as lump coal (such as anthracite, bituminous coal and/or brown coal), biomass fuel, tire derivatived fuel (TDF), MSW (MSW), garbage derivatived fuel (RDF), harmful solid waste etc.
Solid fuel burner is famous with the flowing of such as to lump etc. undesirable performance.Fuel caking is associated with the adjustable resistance flowed to fire grate lower air." massif " 114 in the fuel 106 that fuel caking can show as on fire grate 104 and the formation in " mountain valley " 116.Massif 114 has the high-drag to air-flow usually, and mountain valley 116 has the lower resistance to air-flow usually.In addition, air-flow can by wall 102 close to affect.This to the adjustable resistance of air-flow as a result, may have in massif 114 upper area 118 than expect less air-flow, and mountain valley 116 upper area 120 have than expect more air-flow.In addition, in response to the high-temperature carrying out spontaneous combustion, solid fuel 106 can volatilize usually, and Actual combustion is volatilization, gaseous component.Than there is more volatilization above mountain valley 116 above massif 114, this can increase unequal in component between massif 114 upper area 118 and mountain valley upper area 120 further.
The non-homogenizing in region 118,120 causes two undesirable situations.Region 118 has low-flow and does not often have enough oxygen for burning completely.This causes the height of lower temperature and carbon monoxide (CO) and other imperfect combustion product to export.On the contrary, the excessive air-flow in region 120 causes the concentration of high-temperature and relative high oxygen and nitrogen, and both all tends to the formation causing nitrogen oxide (NOx).
The producer of solid fuel burner 101 and network operator have attempted on the fire by introducing above fire grate 104 or auxiliary air and improve the problem be associated with non-homogenizing with the fuel 106 of air-source 122 on one or more fire.On fire, air is at full speed introduced usually, to help the mixing in region 118,120.Regrettably, although the upper air of fire can provide more oxygen to become carbon dioxide (CO2) to be burnt completely by CO, it does not affect the formation of NOx or the formation of NOx even may be made more serious.In addition, on fire, air is excessively added usually.On excessive fire, air reduces the temperature of flue gas 112 and may reduce by the thermodynamic efficiency of the process of the heat drive of burning generation.The thermodynamic efficiency reduced may require to burn more multi fuel usually to produce the output of expectation, or may to reduce output quantity under given quantity of fuel.Finally, the restriction of ability by the inertia size with the distance by the buoyancy movement relevant to burning that can give the upper air of fire of the upper air of fire is sent through broad fire grate 104.
Required is a kind ofly can improve the uniformity of the reactant gas relevant to solid fuel burner or the technology of homogenization.It is also contemplated that improve gas homogenization with the cooling of minimum delivery temperature.Finally, from improving some application be benefited across the homogenization of fire grate, wherein fire grate size is greater than the size that the upper air of fire may pass through.
General introduction
According to a kind of embodiment, a kind of solid fuel burner can be provided with the system for providing electronic homogenizing.Solid fuel burner can comprise be configured to support the solid-fuelled fire grate of burning and be configured to from fire grate lower transfer fire air to the solid-fuelled fire of burning under air-source.For providing the system of electronic homogenizing can comprise electrode (one or more electrode), this electrode is configured to using electric field to the solid fuel of burning or contiguous solid-fuelled region of burning.This electric field, it can comprise time-varying electric field, can be selected to cause mixing and the homogenizing of solid-fuelled volatile fraction, burning gases and air.The mixing of this improvement and homogenizing can cause reducing the discharge of carbon monoxide (CO), the discharge reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx), the oxygen reduced in flue gas, increasing flue-gas temperature and/or allow larger fire grate surface.
According to a kind of embodiment, a kind of solid fuel burner can comprise the system for providing electronic homogenizing.System can comprise be configured to support the fire grate of the solid combustion of burning and be configured to from fire grate lower transfer fire air to the solid-fuelled fire of burning under air-source.Electrode (one or more electrode) can be configured to using electric field to the solid fuel of burning or contiguous solid-fuelled region of burning.This electric field, it can comprise time-varying electric field, can be selected to cause mixing and the homogenizing of solid-fuelled volatile fraction, burning gases and air.The mixing of this improvement and homogenizing can cause reducing the discharge of carbon monoxide (CO), the discharge reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx), the oxygen reduced in flue gas, increasing flue-gas temperature and/or allow larger fire grate surface.
According to another embodiment, method for operating solid fuel burner can comprise combustion air under the fire sent below fire grate, utilize the solid fuel on the combustion air combustion grate in combustion reaction, and by utilize at least one electrode to apply mixture that electric field carrys out combustion air under the solid fuel of the volatilization of homogenizing in combustion reaction and fire, wherein arrangement of electrodes is above fire grate or comprise fire grate.Electric field can comprise time-varying electric field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the diagram of an aspect of the solid fuel burner of the fire grate feed shown according to prior art, and this solid fuel burner is modified according to the disclosure of invention.
Fig. 2 is the diagram being configured to the solid fuel burner for electronic homogenizing according to an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the diagram being configured to the solid fuel burner for electronic homogenizing according to another embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the diagram being configured to the solid fuel burner for electronic homogenizing according to another embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the method for operating the solid fuel burner with electronic homogenizing illustrated according to an embodiment.
Specifically describe
In following details describes, with reference to accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing defines a part herein.In the accompanying drawings, similar symbol identifies similar parts usually, unless the context requires otherwise.The illustrative embodiment described in specific descriptions, accompanying drawing and claim is not intended to as restrictive.Other embodiment can be utilized, and other change can be made, and does not depart from the spirit and scope of the theme shown herein.
Fig. 2 is the diagram being configured to the solid fuel burner 201 for electronic homogenizing according to an embodiment.This solid fuel burner 201 can comprise the fire grate 104 being configured to the solid fuel 106 supporting burning.The lower air-source 108 of fire can be configured to for sending the solid fuel 106 of the lower air of fire to burning for 104 times from fire grate.Alternately, air-source under fire 108 can be called air-source under main air source or fire grate.For providing the system of electronic homogenizing can comprise electrode 202, electrode 202 is configured to the region 118,120 of the solid fuel 106 that using electric field burns to the solid fuel 106 of burning or vicinity.This electric field can be selected to cause mixing and the homogenizing of solid-fuelled volatile fraction, burning gases and air.
The embodiment of various electrode is expected.As illustrated in embodiment 201, electrode 202 can be disposed in above fire grate 104 and solid fuel 106.Fig. 3 is the diagram being configured to the solid fuel burner 301 for electronic homogenizing according to another embodiment, and wherein electrode 302 comprises fire grate 104.As being appreciated that by the observation of Fig. 2 and 3, solid fuel burner can comprise the wall 102 defining combustion volume.Electrode 202,302 can be disposed in combustion volume.Alternatively, electrode can be disposed in outside combustion volume.Fig. 4 is the diagram of the solid fuel burner 401 according to another embodiment, and wherein electrode 402 is disposed in outside combustion volume.
Electrode 202,302,402 can comprise multiple electrode.Like this multiple comprise multiple be positioned at combustion volume electrode 202, be multiplely positioned at the fire grate electrode 302 of combustion volume and/or multiple electrode 402 be positioned at outside combustion volume.Multiple electrode also can comprise two or more the combination in electrode 202,302,402, and this to be combined in Fig. 2-4 illustrating schematically.Will be understood that (unless illustrating expressly in addition), " electrode " mentioned in this article should refer to any combination of single or multiple electrode shown in embodiment 201,301,401.
With reference to figure 2-4 and embodiment 201,301,401, homogenizing can improve the homogenizing of oxygen above fire grate 104 and combustion reaction substrate concentration.As above describe, do not have the concentration difference of electronic homogenizing can be included in the more oxidizing atmosphere 120 of fire grate 104 overlying regions with the little solid fuel 106 heap degree of depth 116, and in the more reducing atmosphere 118 of fire grate 104 overlying regions with the large solid fuel 106 heap degree of depth 114.
Solid fuel burner 201,301,401 can comprise air-source 122 on the fire that is configured to send air on fire above fire grate 104.Contrast does not comprise electrode 202,302,402 and/or does not provide the system of electronic homogenizing, may be caused the minimizing of the amount meeting air on the fire required for emission request by electrode 202,302,402 applying electric field.Contrast does not comprise electrode 202,302,402 and/or does not provide the system of electronic homogenizing, by electrode 202,302,402 apply electric field may cause meeting the fire required for emission request under or the minimizing of the amount of air under fire grate.Similarly, contrast does not comprise electrode 202,302,402 and/or does not provide the system of electronic homogenizing, may be caused the minimizing of the amount of the whole air met required for emission request by electrode 202,302,402 applying electric field.Finally, contrast does not comprise electrode 202,302,402 and/or does not provide the system of electronic homogenizing, may be caused the minimizing of one or more discharge of nitrogen oxide (NOx) and the carbon monoxide (CO) burnt from solid fuel 106 by electrode 202,302,402 applying electric field.
According to multiple embodiments, contrast does not comprise electrode 202,302,402 and/or does not provide the system of electronic homogenizing, may cause the thermal release closer to solid fuel 106 by electrode 202,302,402 applying electric field.Release closer to the heat of solid fuel 106 can provide the drying of the solid fuel 106 of enhancing.This can allow the use of lower grade fuel, minimizing fuel pretreatment and/or can allow those then can not the use of fuel of normal combustion from the application (such as burning altogether with natural gas) of the heat of the second combustion reaction.
Solid fuel burner 201,301,401 can comprise the electrode controller 204 being operationally coupled to electrode 202,302,402, and electrode controller 204 is configured to determine electrode 202,302,402 voltage or the concentration of electric charges corresponding to electric field.It is one or more that electrode controller 204 can comprise state machine, field programmable gate array, microcontroller or be configured to determine in the discrete component of electric field.
Solid fuel burner 201,301,401 can comprise amplifier or voltage multiplier 206, this amplifier or voltage multiplier 206 are operationally coupled to electrode controller 204 and electrode 202,302,402, or to be included in electrode controller 204 and to be operationally coupled to electrode 202,302,402.Amplifier and voltage multiplier 206 can be configured in response to the logic-level digital signal received from electrode controller 204 or low-voltage analog signal output services voltage waveform to electrode 202,302,402.
According to multiple embodiments, electric field can comprise time-varying electric field, and voltage can meet the time time variant voltage being applied to electrode similarly.Such as, time-varying electric field can comprise according to being applied to interchange (AC) voltage waveform of electrode and the electric field that changes.Time time variant voltage can comprise sine, square wave, sawtooth waveforms, triangular wave, truncated triangles ripple, logarithm or exponential waveform.Various voltage can use.Such as, the time time variant voltage being applied to electrode can comprise the periodic voltage with 4000 to 115,000 volt of amplitude (or ± 4000 to 115,000 volt).Time time variant voltage can comprise the periodic voltage with such as 50 to 800 hertz frequencies.According to some embodiments, time time variant voltage can have the periodic frequency of 200 hertz to 300 hertz.
According to multiple embodiments, solid fuel burner 201,301,401 can comprise one or more sensor (not shown), is coupled to electrode controller 204 this sensor being operable and is configured to measure one or more features of the burning gases that the burning of solid fuel 106, flame or the solid fuel 106 by burning produce.Such as, one or more sensor (not shown) can be configured to measure the complete alterable features of burning or the feature of fuel 106.Electrode controller 204 can be configured to, when the completeness of burning is lower than during desired value or when corresponding to needing of increase mixing when fuel 106 feature, select Field signature to increase gas and vapor permeation.
Solid fuel burner 201 (with variant 301,401) can comprise and is configured to delivery of solids fuel 106 to the machinery of fire grate 104 assembly or pneumatic charger (stoker) (not shown).
It is one or more that electrode controller 204 can be configured to control in the speed that the upper air 122 of fire flows, the lower air 108 of fire flows or fuel is sent by charger.Alternatively or extraly, solid fuel burner 201,301,401 can comprise one or more in fiery overhead airgun controller (not shown), the lower air controller (not shown) of fire or the charger controller (not shown) being operationally coupled to electrode controller 204.
Solid fuel burner 201,301,401 can be included in the physical clearance (not shown) between the solid fuel 106 on charger (not shown) and fire grate 104, and this gap is configured to reduce or eliminate from the electric leakage of fuel of electric field by being carried by charger.Alternatively, solid fuel burner 201,301,401 can comprise and is operationally coupled to the fuel storage device (not shown) of charger (not shown) and the electrical insulator (not shown) between fuel storage device (not shown) and supporting construction (not shown).Fuel storage device (not shown) and electrical insulator (not shown) can be configured to reduce or eliminate from electric field by charger (not shown) and the electric leakage being positioned at the fuel near charger entrance (not shown).
Various types of solid-fuelled burning expection is benefited from electronic homogenizing.Such as, solid fuel 106 can comprise at least one in biomass fuel, coal, tire derivatived fuel (TDF), MSW (MSW), garbage derivatived fuel (RDF) or hazardous solid refuse.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the method 501 illustrated for operating the solid fuel burner with the electronic homogenizing of combustion reaction.In step 502, solid fuel can be delivered to fire grate.Such as, solid fuel is sent to fire grate by machinery or pneumatic charger.
Proceed to step 504, the lower combustion air of fire can be sent into by below fire grate.In step 506, the solid fuel on fire grate can at least burn together with combustion air under the fire in combustion reaction.Buring solid fuel can be included in buring solid fuel in the combustion volume defined by wall.
Proceed to step 508, under the fire above volatiles solid fuel and fuel, the mixture of combustion air has the electric field of at least one electrode by homogenizing by application.The arrangement of various electrode is expected.Such as, utilizing at least one electrode applying electric field to comprise utilizes at least one electrode being arranged in combustion volume inside to apply electric field.Such as, this at least one electrode can be disposed in above fire grate.Alternatively or extraly, this at least one electrode can comprise fire grate.According to multiple embodiments, utilize at least one electrode applying electric field to comprise and utilize at least one electrode being arranged in combustion volume outside to apply electric field.This at least one electrode can comprise single electrode maybe can comprise multiple electrode.The plurality of electrode can comprise the electrode of multiple similar layout, such as, all electrodes above fire grate, all electrodes some or all electrodes of comprising fire grate are disposed in outside combustion volume.Alternatively, multiple electrode can comprise one or more electrode above fire grate, one or morely comprise the electrode of fire grate and/or one or more electrode be arranged in outside combustion volume.
Step 508 can comprise operation electrode controller to determine electric field.In some embodiments, electric field can be the DC electric field of DC electric field or batch applications.Alternatively, electric field can comprise time-varying electric field.Operation control device of electric field can comprise the logic-level digital signal received from electrode controller or low-voltage analog signal are amplified to the operating voltage be positioned at least one electrode.Extraly or alternatively, what operation electrode controller can comprise that state machine, operation site programmable gate array, operation microcontroller or operation be configured to determine in the discrete component of (becoming time alternatively) electric field is one or more.
Time-varying electric field can comprise the electric field according to interchange (AC) the voltage waveform change being applied to electrode.Time-varying electric field can comprise sine, square wave, sawtooth waveforms, triangular wave, truncated triangles ripple, logarithm or exponential waveform.
In step 508, during application, power transformation is pressed onto electrode and can comprises to produce time-varying electric field the periodic voltage that application has 4000 to 115,000 volt of amplitude.During application, power transformation is pressed onto electrode and can comprises to produce time-varying electric field the time variable period voltage that application has 50 to 800 hertz frequencies.According to some embodiments, time time variant voltage can have the periodic frequency of 200 hertz to 300 hertz.
Alternatively, method 501 can comprise operation and is operationally coupled to the one or more sensor of electrode controller to measure the feature of one or more combustion reaction.Such as, operate one or more sensor and can comprise the complete alterable features measuring burning.Operation electrode controller in step 508 can comprise when the completeness of burning is lower than desired value, selects electric field to increase homogenizing.
Electronic homogenizing can increase the uniformity of oxygen concentration above fire grate.Difference causes by the change of the solid fuel heap degree of depth on fire grate, and this difference comprises the more reducing atmosphere with the more oxidizing atmosphere of the fire grate overlying regions of the little solid fuel heap degree of depth and the fire grate overlying regions with the large solid fuel heap degree of depth.
The thermal release near fuel can be increased further in step 508 by electrode applying electric field.This can be used to dry humid fuel, preheating is difficult to combustion fuel or otherwise improve fuel flexibility.
Proceed to step 510, on fire or auxiliary air can be used in the top of the combustion fuel on fire grate.Such as, this can comprise the upper air-source of operation fire.The upper air-source of operation fire can comprise to send on sufficient fire air with buring solid fuel completely substantially.Contrast does not comprise the system of electrode, may be caused the minimizing of the amount meeting air on the fire required for emission request by electrode applying electric field.Extraly or alternatively, contrast does not comprise the system of electrode, and the electronic homogenizing being applied electric field provided by electrode may cause meeting the minimizing of the amount of air under the fire required for emission request.In addition, contrast does not comprise the system of electrode, may be caused the minimizing of the amount of the whole air met required for emission request by electrode applying electric field.
Contrast does not comprise the system of electrode in order to using electric field, applies by electrode the minimizing that electric field may cause from the one or more of discharge in the nitrogen oxide (NOx) of solid fuel ignition and carbon monoxide (CO).
Method 501 can comprise alternatively control that fiery overhead air-flow moves, one or more in speed that fire lower air flowing or fuel are sent by charger.Extraly or alternatively, the communication of method 501 between can to comprise in from electrode controller and fiery overhead airgun controller, fire air controller or charger controller one or more.
Solid fuel can comprise biomass fuel, coal, tire derivatived fuel (TDF) or other solid fuel.As mentioned above, fuel flexibility improves by electronic homogenizing.
When solid fuel being sent to fire grate with charger, from electric field through solid-fuelled electric leakage by keeping the air gap to reduce or eliminate the solid fuel charger and fire grate.Extraly or alternatively, from electric field through solid-fuelled electric leakage by send electric isolution fuel to fuel storage device, keep the electric insulation fuel storage device and supporting construction and between charger and supporting construction to reduce or eliminate.Charger can from the fuel storage device delivery of solids fuel of electric isolution.
Proceed to step 512, the heat carrying out spontaneous combustion can be provided.Such as, heat can be provided to electricity generation system, chemical process or provide family to warm oneself.
Method for operating solid fuel burner 301 can comprise operation and operationally be coupled to one or more sensors of electrode controller to measure the feature of one or more combustion reaction.Operate one or more sensor and can comprise the complete alterable features measuring burning.Operation electrode controller can comprise when the completeness of burning is lower than desired value, selects time-varying electric field to increase homogenizing.At least one sensor (not shown) can be arranged the situation sensing burning gases above combustion fuel or combustion fuel.First sensor can be operatively coupled to electrode controller via sensor signal transmission path (not shown).This at least one sensor (not shown) can be configured to the combustion parameter sensing burning gases above combustion fuel or combustion fuel.Such as this at least one sensor can comprise one or more flame luminance sensor, optical sensor, infrared ray sensor, fuel flow sensor, temperature sensor, flue-gas temperature sensor, radio frequency sensor and/or pneumatic sensor.
Although many aspects and embodiment are open herein, other side and embodiment are expected.Many aspects disclosed herein and embodiment be for illustration of object, be not intended to restriction, real scope and spirit are noted by following claim.
Claims (61)
1. be with a solid fuel burner for electronic homogenizing, comprise:
Fire grate, it is configured to the solid fuel supporting burning;
The lower air-source of fire, it is configured to send fire below described fire grate, air is to the solid fuel burnt; With
Electrode, it is configured to using electric field to the solid fuel of burning or the solid-fuelled region near burning;
Wherein said electric field is selected to cause mixing and the homogenizing of solid-fuelled volatile fraction, burning gases and air.
2. the solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of band according to claim 1, also comprises:
Machinery or pneumatic charger (not shown), it is configured to delivery of solids fuel to described fire-grate assemblies.
3. the solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of band according to claim 1, wherein said electrode is disposed in described fire grate and solid-fuelled top.
4. the solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of band according to claim 1, wherein said electrode comprises described fire grate.
5. the solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of band according to claim 1, wherein said homogenizing adds the uniformity of oxygen above described fire grate and combustion reaction substrate concentration.
6. the solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of band according to claim 1, also comprises:
Air-source on fire, it is configured to send air on fire above described fire grate.
7. the solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of band according to claim 6, wherein compared with not comprising the system of described electrode, causes the minimizing of the amount reaching air on the fire required for emission request by described electrode applying electric field.
8. the solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of band according to claim 6, wherein compared with not comprising the system of described electrode, applies by described electrode the minimizing that electric field causes reaching the amount of air under the fire required for emission request.
9. the solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of band according to claim 6, wherein compared with not comprising the system of described electrode, causes the minimizing of the amount of the whole air reached required for emission request by described electrode applying electric field.
10. the solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of band according to claim 1, wherein compared with not comprising the system of described electrode, apply by described electrode the minimizing that electric field causes from one or more the discharge in the nitrogen oxide (NOx) of solid fuel ignition and carbon monoxide (CO).
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 11. band according to claim 1, wherein compared with not comprising the system of described electrode, applies electric field by described electrode and causes closer to solid-fuelled thermal release and solid-fuelled drying.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 12. band according to claim 1, also comprises:
Define the wall of combustion volume;
It is inner that wherein said electrode is disposed in described combustion volume.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 13. band according to claim 1, also comprises:
Define the wall of combustion volume;
It is outside that wherein said electrode is disposed in described combustion volume.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 14. band according to claim 1, wherein said electrode comprises multiple electrode.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 15. band according to claim 1, also comprises:
Electrode controller, it is operatively coupled to described electrode and is configured to determine the electrode voltage corresponding to described electric field or concentration of electric charges.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 16. band according to claim 15, wherein said electric field comprise time-varying electric field and described voltage correspond to time time variant voltage.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 17. band according to claim 16, wherein said time-varying electric field comprises according to being applied to interchange (AC) voltage waveform of described electrode and the electric field that changes.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 18. band according to claim 16, time wherein said, time variant voltage comprises sine, square wave, sawtooth waveforms, triangular wave, truncated triangles ripple, logarithm or exponential waveform.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 19. band according to claim 16, time wherein said, time variant voltage comprises the periodic voltage of the amplitude with 4000 to 115,000 volt.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 20. band according to claim 16, time wherein said, time variant voltage comprises the periodic voltage of the frequency with 50 to 800 hertz.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 21. band according to claim 16, also comprises:
Amplifier or voltage multiplier, it is operatively coupled to described electrode controller and described electrode, or to be included in described electrode controller and to be operationally coupled to described electrode;
Wherein said amplifier or voltage multiplier to be configured in response to the logic-level digital signal received from described electrode controller or low-voltage analog signal output services voltage waveform to described electrode.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 22. band according to claim 16, it is one or more that wherein said electrode controller comprises state machine, field programmable gate array, microcontroller or is configured to determine in the discrete component of described time-varying electric field.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 23. band according to claim 15, also comprises:
One or more sensor, it is operatively coupled to described electrode controller, and is configured to the one or more features measuring the burning gases that solid-fuelled burning, flame or the solid fuel by burning produce.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 24. band according to claim 23, wherein said one or more sensor is configured to complete alterable features or the fuel characteristic of measuring burning; And
Wherein, described electrode controller is configured to, when the completeness of described burning is lower than during desired value or when corresponding to needing of increase mixing when described fuel characteristic, select Field signature to increase gas and vapor permeation.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 25. band according to claim 15, one or more in the speed that wherein said electrode controller is further configured to control that fiery overhead air-flow moves, fire lower air flowing or fuel are sent by charger.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 26. band according to claim 15, also comprises:
What be operationally coupled in the fiery overhead airgun controller of described electrode controller, the lower air controller of fire or charger controller is one or more.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 27. band according to claim 1, wherein said solid fuel comprises at least one in biomass fuel, coal, tire derivatived fuel (TDF), MSW (MSW), garbage derivatived fuel (RDF) or hazardous solid refuse.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 28. band according to claim 1, also be included in the physical clearance between the solid fuel on charger and described fire grate, described gap be configured to reduce or eliminate from described electric field by by described charger the electric leakage of fuel of carrying.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 29. band according to claim 1, also comprises:
Operationally be coupled to the fuel storage device of fuel charge machine; With
Electrical insulator between described fuel storage device and supporting construction;
Wherein said fuel storage device and described electrical insulator are configured to reduce or eliminate from described electric field by described charger and the electric leakage being positioned at the fuel near charger entrance.
30. 1 kinds, for operating the method for solid fuel burner, comprising:
Send combustion air under the fire below fire grate;
Utilize the solid fuel of combustion air burning on described fire grate in combustion reaction; And
The mixture homogenization that electric field makes combustion air under volatiles solid fuel in combustion reaction and fire is applied by utilizing at least one electrode.
31. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 30, wherein said homogenizing increases the uniformity of oxygen concentration above described fire grate.
32. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 31, wherein difference is piled the change of the degree of depth by the solid fuel on described fire grate and causes.
33. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 32, wherein said difference is included in the more reducing atmosphere of the more oxidizing atmosphere of the overlying regions of the described fire grate with the little solid fuel heap degree of depth and the overlying regions at the described fire grate with the large solid fuel heap degree of depth.
34. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 30, also comprise:
The upper air-source of operation fire is to send air on the fire above described fire grate.
35. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 34, wherein operate air-source on described fire and comprise and to send on sufficient fire air with buring solid fuel completely substantially.
36. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 35, wherein compared with not comprising the system of described electrode, cause the minimizing of the amount reaching air on the fire required for emission request by described electrode applying electric field.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 37. band according to claim 30, wherein compared with not comprising the system of described electrode, applies by described electrode the minimizing that electric field causes reaching the amount of air under the fire grate required for emission request.
The solid fuel burner of the electronic homogenizing of 38. band according to claim 30, wherein compared with not comprising the system of described electrode, causes the minimizing of the amount of the whole air reached required for emission request by described electrode applying electric field.
39. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 30, wherein compared with not comprising the system of described electrode, apply by described electrode the minimizing that electric field causes from one or more the discharge in the nitrogen oxide (NOx) of solid fuel ignition and carbon monoxide (CO).
40. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 30, wherein buring solid fuel is included in buring solid fuel in the combustion volume defined by wall.
41. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 40, wherein utilize at least one electrode applying electric field to comprise and utilize at least one electrode be disposed in described combustion volume to apply electric field.
42. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 40, wherein utilize at least one electrode applying electric field to comprise and utilize at least one electrode be disposed in outside described combustion volume to apply electric field.
43. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 30, at least one electrode wherein said comprises multiple electrode.
44. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 30, also comprise:
Operation electrode controller is to determine described electric field.
45. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 44, wherein said electric field comprises time-varying electric field.
46. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 45, also comprise:
The logic-level digital signal received from described electrode controller or low-voltage analog signal are amplified to the operating voltage be positioned at least one electrode described.
47. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 45, what wherein operate that described electrode controller comprises that state machine, operation site programmable gate array, operation microcontroller or operation be configured to determine in the discrete component of described time-varying electric field is one or more.
48. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 45, also comprise:
Operation is operationally coupled to one or more sensors of described electrode controller to measure one or more features of described combustion reaction.
49. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 48, wherein operate one or more sensor and comprise the complete alterable features measuring burning; And
Wherein operate described electrode controller to comprise when the completeness of burning is lower than desired value, select described time-varying electric field to increase homogenizing.
50. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 45, wherein said time-varying electric field comprises according to being applied to interchange (AC) voltage waveform of described electrode and the electric field that changes.
51. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 45, wherein said time-varying electric field comprises sine, square wave, sawtooth waveforms, triangular wave, truncated triangles ripple, logarithm or exponential waveform.
52. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 45, also comprise:
During application, power transformation is pressed onto described electrode to produce described time-varying electric field, and time described, time variant voltage comprises the periodic voltage of the amplitude with 4000 to 115,000 volt.
53. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 45, also comprise:
During application, power transformation is pressed onto described electrode to produce described time-varying electric field, and time described, time variant voltage comprises the periodic voltage of the frequency with 50 to 800 hertz.
54. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 30, also comprise:
Utilize charger that solid fuel is delivered to described fire grate.
55. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 54, also comprise:
Control that fiery overhead air-flow moves, one or more in speed that the flowing of fire lower air or fuel are sent by described charger.
56. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 54, also comprise:
Utilize the one or more communications in described electrode controller and fiery overhead airgun controller, the lower air controller of fire or charger controller.
57. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 30, wherein said solid fuel comprises biomass fuel.
58. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 30, wherein said solid fuel comprises coal.
59. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 30, wherein said solid fuel comprises tire derivatived fuel (TDF).
60. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 30, also comprise:
Utilize charger that solid fuel is delivered to described fire grate; With
By keeping the air gap between the solid fuel on described charger and described fire grate, reduce or eliminate from described electric field through solid-fuelled electric leakage.
61. methods for operating solid fuel burner according to claim 30, also comprise:
Utilize charger that solid fuel is delivered to described fire grate; With
Reduce or eliminate the electric leakage of passing fuel from described electric field in the following manner:
Send electric isolution fuel to fuel storage device place;
Remain on the electric insulation between described fuel storage device and supporting construction and between described charger and described supporting construction;
Wherein utilize charger solid fuel to be delivered to described fire grate to comprise from described fuel storage device delivery of solids fuel.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201261616223P | 2012-03-27 | 2012-03-27 | |
| US61/616,223 | 2012-03-27 | ||
| US201261640095P | 2012-04-30 | 2012-04-30 | |
| US61/640,095 | 2012-04-30 | ||
| PCT/US2013/033950 WO2013148738A1 (en) | 2012-03-27 | 2013-03-26 | Solid fuel burner with electrodynamic homogenization |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104285099A true CN104285099A (en) | 2015-01-14 |
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| CN201380016192.9A Pending CN104285099A (en) | 2012-03-27 | 2013-03-26 | Solid fuel burner with electrodynamic homogenization |
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| WO (1) | WO2013148738A1 (en) |
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| CN105879599A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-08-24 | 苏州超等环保科技有限公司 | Anti-explosion plasma organic waste gas treatment device |
| CN111622646A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-09-04 | 温州普锐智能科技有限公司 | Air conditioner glass window and using method |
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| WO1996001394A1 (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 1996-01-18 | Torfinn Johnsen | An electrode arrangement for use in a combustion chamber |
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- 2013-03-26 WO PCT/US2013/033950 patent/WO2013148738A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-03-26 CN CN201380016192.9A patent/CN104285099A/en active Pending
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| WO2013148738A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
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