CN104283456A - Self-charging energy storage device - Google Patents
Self-charging energy storage device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104283456A CN104283456A CN201310282346.0A CN201310282346A CN104283456A CN 104283456 A CN104283456 A CN 104283456A CN 201310282346 A CN201310282346 A CN 201310282346A CN 104283456 A CN104283456 A CN 104283456A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-charging energy storage device which comprises at least one zinc oxide nano generator, a charging circuit module and a supercapacitor. The zinc oxide nano generator can convert mechanical energy into electricity and comprises two output electrodes used for outputting electric signals; the charging circuit module is connected with the output electrodes of the zinc oxide nano generator and is used for adjusting and converting the electric signals output by the zinc oxide nano generator; the supercapacitor is connected with the charging circuit module and receives and stores the electric signals output by the charging circuit module. In the self-charging energy storage device, the zinc oxide nano generator serves as a charging power supply, and self charging of the supercapacitor is achieved in the mode that the mechanical energy is converted into electricity through the zinc oxide nano generator, and the electric signals are adjusted and converted through the charging circuit module and output to the supercapacitor for storage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of nanometer technology, more particularly, relate to a kind of self-charging energy storage device.
Background technology
Ultracapacitor, also referred to as electrochemical capacitor, is a kind of electrochemical energy storage device between traditional capacitor and battery.Compared with traditional capacitor, ultracapacitor has higher static capacity; Compared with battery, ultracapacitor has higher power density and overlength cycle life.Ultracapacitor combines the two advantage, is a kind of energy storage device had a extensive future.
Existing ultracapacitor forms primarily of electrode, electrolyte and barrier film.Wherein electrode comprises electrode active material and collector electrode two parts.The effect of collector electrode is the internal resistance reducing electrode, and require it and electrode contact area greatly, contact resistance is little, and corrosion resistance is strong, and stable performance in the electrolyte, chemical reaction etc. does not occur.
Although ultracapacitor superior performance, the source of its charge power supply is single, can not realize self-charging, therefore its use creates certain limitation.Also there are some ultracapacitors in prior art, they can be prepared to flexible structure, but complicated process of preparation, not easily produced by large-scale processing.Ultracapacitor is as a kind of desirable energy-storage travelling wave tube in future, and its structure also needs unique design.Therefore, in order to better use and application ultracapacitor, need badly and solving the problem.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is the defect for prior art, proposes a kind of self-charging energy storage device, by external power source, can not realize the self-charging of ultracapacitor.
The invention provides a kind of self-charging energy storage device, comprising:
Mechanical energy is converted at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator of electric energy, described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator comprises: the first structure sheaf be oppositely arranged and the second structure sheaf, and the zinc oxide nanowire between described first structure sheaf and described second structure sheaf; Wherein, the growth of described zinc oxide nanowire at described second structure sheaf towards on the surface of the first structure sheaf, and the other end of described zinc oxide nanowire contacts with the first structure sheaf, described first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf form two output electrodes of described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator;
The signal of telecommunication that be connected with the output electrode of at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator described, that described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator exported carries out regulating the charging circuit module changed; And
Be connected with described charging circuit module, receive the signal of telecommunication that described charging circuit module exports and carry out at least one ultracapacitor of storing; Described ultracapacitor comprises: substrate, to be positioned in substrate and to belong to the barrier film of same layer, ultracapacitor first electrode, ultracapacitor second electrode and the first collector, the second collector, electrolyte, is filled with the cavity of described electrolyte, and forms the encapsulating structure of described cavity.
Alternatively, described barrier film is arranged between described ultracapacitor first electrode and ultracapacitor second electrode, described first collector and ultracapacitor first Electrode connection, described second collector and ultracapacitor second Electrode connection, described charging circuit module is connected with described first collector, the second collector;
Described encapsulating structure comprises two the bed course sheets be positioned on described first collector and the second collector, and the encapsulated layer on bed course sheet;
Described cavity is formed by described two bed course sheets, described barrier film, described encapsulated layer, described ultracapacitor first electrode and ultracapacitor second electrode.
Alternatively, at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator divides the upside and/or downside that are located at described ultracapacitor, be arranged at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator on the downside of described ultracapacitor and described ultracapacitor shares described substrate, be arranged between at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator on the upside of described ultracapacitor and described ultracapacitor and be also provided with insulating barrier.
Alternatively, the Zinc oxide nanometer power generator be arranged on the downside of described ultracapacitor has multiple, and arrayed is at same layer or different layers, forms in parallel and/or cascaded structure; And/or the Zinc oxide nanometer power generator be arranged on the upside of described ultracapacitor has multiple, and arrayed is at same layer or different layers, forms in parallel and/or cascaded structure.
Alternatively, described ultracapacitor is all-solid-state supercapacitor, is selected from the one in all solid state Graphene ultracapacitor, all solid state active carbon ultracapacitor, all solid state active carbon/metal oxide ultracapacitor, all solid state active carbon/conducting polymer ultracapacitor, all solid state active carbon/lithium ion battery hybrid super capacitor.
Alternatively, the material of described substrate is selected from the one in PETG, silicon and silicon dioxide.
Alternatively, the material of described two bed course sheets is selected from the one in buna, butadiene-styrene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, silicon rubber, polyurethane rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, fluorubber and acrylate rubber.
Alternatively, the material of described barrier film is the one in graphite oxide, ethylene glycol terephthalate, silicon and silicon dioxide, dimethyl silicone polymer etc.; Then described electrolyte system is selected from polyvinyl alcohol-sulfuric acid system; Polyvinyl alcohol-Phosphoric Acid; 1-butyl, 3-methylimidazole bis trifluoromethyl sulfo nyl acid imide-fumed silica system; Polyaniline-1-ethyl, 3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate-trimethyl silanol system; 1-butyl, 3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate-silica gel system; Polymethyl methacrylate-ethylene carbonate-propene carbonate-lithium perchlorate system; Polymethyl methacrylate-ethylene carbonate-propene carbonate-perchloric acid receives system; Polyethylene glycol oxide-polyethylene glycol-trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium system; One in polymethyl methacrylate-ethylene carbonate-propene carbonate-tetraethylammonium perchlorate's system.
Alternatively, the material of described encapsulated layer is the one in aluminum plastic film, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, polyformaldehyde, Merlon and polyamide membrane.
Alternatively, the material of described first collector and the second collector is selected from the one in copper, silver, al and ni; The material of described ultracapacitor first electrode and ultracapacitor second electrode is selected from the one in Graphene, active carbon, charcoal-aero gel, carbon fiber, metal oxide, conducting polymer and lithium ion battery electrode material.
Alternatively, described ultracapacitor first electrode and ultracapacitor second electrode are: parallel construction, multiple row parallel construction, interdigital structure, serpentine configuration, helical structure, dendritic structure, spiral dendritic structure or dactylotype.
Alternatively, described charging circuit module comprises:
Rectification circuit module that be connected with the output electrode of at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, that the signal of telecommunication that at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator described exports is carried out rectification process; And
Be connected with described rectification circuit module, the unidirectional Rectified alternating current that described rectification circuit module exports is carried out filtering process and obtains the filter circuit module of DC signal, described DC signal is exported to described ultracapacitor by described filter circuit module.
Alternatively, described charging circuit module also comprises: charge control module and switch/voltage changing module;
Described charge control module is connected with filter circuit module, receives the DC signal that described filter circuit module exports; Described charge control module is connected with described ultracapacitor, receives the charging voltage of described ultracapacitor feedback; Described charge control module is connected with described switch/voltage changing module, and described charge control module obtains control signal according to described DC signal and described charging voltage, exports described control signal to described switch/voltage changing module;
Described switch/voltage changing module is connected with described filter circuit module, the DC signal that wave reception filtering circuit module exports; Described switch/voltage changing module is connected with described ultracapacitor, and described switch/voltage changing module carries out switching over according to the control signal received and exports to described ultracapacitor after carrying out transformation process to the DC signal that described filter circuit module exports.
Alternatively, described charging circuit module also comprises: alternator control modules; Described alternator control modules is connected with described ultracapacitor, receives the charging voltage of described ultracapacitor feedback; Described alternator control modules is connected with described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, and described alternator control modules exports the signal stopping generating to described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator according to described charging voltage.
Alternatively, the first structure sheaf of described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator comprises the first electrode and the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier; Wherein, described first electrode is arranged on the first side surface of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier, and described first electrode forms an output electrode of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator; Described zinc oxide nanowire contacts with second side surface of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier towards described second structure sheaf.
Alternatively, the second structure sheaf of described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator comprises the second electrode; Described second electrode forms another output electrode of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator; Described zinc oxide nanowire growth is on the surface of described second electrode towards the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier.
Alternatively, the second structure sheaf of described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator comprises the second electrode and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier; Wherein, described second electrode is arranged on the first side surface of described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier, and described second electrode forms another output electrode of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator; Described zinc oxide nanowire grows at described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier towards on the second side surface of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier.
In self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention, Zinc oxide nanometer power generator act as the role of charge power supply, it is by being converted to electric energy by mechanical energy, by charging circuit module, electric power signal is carried out exporting to ultracapacitor after adjustment is changed again to store, thus achieve the self-charging of ultracapacitor.Meanwhile, more frivolous in self-charging energy storage device size provided by the invention, therefore there is higher flexibility, and structure simple, be easy to preparation, be suitable for as power supplies such as flexible display screen, handheld device, sensing networks.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theory structure block diagram of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the embodiment one of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of the embodiment one of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention;
Fig. 4 a-Fig. 4 h is the schematic top plan view of the structure between ultracapacitor first electrode and ultracapacitor second electrode;
Fig. 5 is a kind of circuit theory schematic diagram of the embodiment one of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention;
Fig. 6 is the another kind of circuit theory schematic diagram of the embodiment one of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention;
Fig. 7 shows the schematic diagram that same layer is set up in parallel multiple Zinc oxide nanometer power generator;
Fig. 8 is the perspective view of the embodiment two of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention;
Fig. 9 is the schematic cross-section of the embodiment two of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention;
Figure 10 a and Figure 10 b respectively illustrates perspective view and the cross-sectional view of the first structure of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator;
Figure 11 a and Figure 11 b respectively illustrates perspective view and the cross-sectional view of the second structure of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator.
Embodiment
For fully understanding the object of the present invention, feature and effect, by following concrete execution mode, the present invention is elaborated, but the present invention is not restricted to this.
Fig. 1 is the theory structure block diagram of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 1, this self-charging energy storage device comprises Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 11, charging circuit module 12 and ultracapacitor 13.Fig. 1 is only a schematic diagram, and in practice, self-charging energy storage device can comprise one or more Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, also can comprise one or more ultracapacitor.Each Zinc oxide nanometer power generator has two output electrodes for exporting the signal of telecommunication.The output electrode of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 11 is connected with charging circuit module 12, and charging circuit module 12 is connected with ultracapacitor 13.The basic functional principle of this self-charging energy storage device is: under the effect of external force, and mechanical deformation occurs Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 11, and mechanical energy is converted to electric energy; Afterwards, the signal of telecommunication is exported to charging circuit module 12 by the output electrode of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 11; Charging circuit module 12 exports to ultracapacitor 13 after this signal of telecommunication being carried out adjustment conversion, and the signal of telecommunication after ultracapacitor 13 receives this adjustment conversion also stores, and uses in order to external electric equipment.
In the self-charging energy storage device that the present embodiment provides, Zinc oxide nanometer power generator act as the role of charge power supply, it is by being converted to electric energy by mechanical energy, by charging circuit module, electric power signal is carried out exporting to ultracapacitor after adjustment is changed again to store, thus achieve the self-charging of ultracapacitor.
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the embodiment one of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 2, this self-charging energy storage device comprises: ultracapacitor 21 and be arranged on the Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 22 of side of ultracapacitor 21.Wherein, Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 22 is placed in bottom, and ultracapacitor 21 is arranged on the upper surface of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 22, and Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 22 and ultracapacitor 21 form an entirety.Not shown charging circuit module in Fig. 2.Two output electrodes of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 22 are connected with charging circuit module, and charging circuit module is connected with ultracapacitor 21 again, thus realizes the storage of electric energy.
In the present embodiment, ultracapacitor 21 is all-solid-state supercapacitor, is selected from the one in all solid state Graphene ultracapacitor, all solid state active carbon ultracapacitor, all solid state active carbon/metal oxide ultracapacitor, all solid state active carbon/conducting polymer ultracapacitor, all solid state active carbon/lithium ion battery hybrid super capacitor.Preferably, ultracapacitor 21 is selected from all solid state Graphene ultracapacitor.
Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of the embodiment one of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention.Composition graphs 3, illustrates the structure of ultracapacitor for all solid state symmetric form Graphene ultracapacitor.As shown in Figure 3, ultracapacitor comprises: substrate 31, to be positioned in substrate 31 and to belong to the barrier film 32 of same layer, ultracapacitor first electrode 33, ultracapacitor second electrode 34 and the first collector 35, second collector 36, electrolyte, be filled with the cavity 38 of electrolyte, form the encapsulating structure of cavity 38.In this exemplary construction of Fig. 3, the encapsulating structure forming cavity 38 is two bed course sheets 37 and encapsulated layer 39, but the present invention is not limited only to this structure.
In Fig. 3, barrier film 32 is arranged between ultracapacitor first electrode 33 and ultracapacitor second electrode 34, and ultracapacitor first electrode 33 and ultracapacitor second electrode 34 are positioned at barrier film 32 both sides; First collector 35 is connected with ultracapacitor first electrode 33 by conducting resinl, second collector 36 is connected with ultracapacitor second electrode 34 by conducting resinl, in Fig. 3, the first collector 35 is positioned at the outside of ultracapacitor first electrode 33, and the second collector 36 is positioned at the outside of ultracapacitor second electrode 34.Two collectors are provided with two bed course sheets 37, form cavity 38, for filling electrolyte by these two bed course sheets 37, barrier film 32, ultracapacitor first electrode 33 and ultracapacitor second electrode 34.Electrolyte encapsulates by encapsulated layer 39, thus forms very thin ultracapacitor.
Zinc oxide nanometer power generator is in figure 3 layer structure, comprising: the first electrode 30A, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 30B, zinc oxide nanowire 30C, the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 30D and the second electrode 30E.Wherein Zinc oxide nanometer power generator and ultracapacitor common base 31.The structure of this Zinc oxide nanometer power generator will describe in detail below.
In the present embodiment, the material of substrate 31 is selected from PETG (PET), silicon (Si) and silicon dioxide (SiO
2) in one.
The material of the first collector 35 and the second collector 36 is selected from the one in copper, silver, al and ni, particularly, can be copper or silver etc. in PVA system as during electrolyte, can be aluminium or nickel etc. in ionic liquid system as during electrolyte.
The material of ultracapacitor first electrode 33 and ultracapacitor second electrode 34 is selected from the one in Graphene, active carbon, charcoal-aero gel, carbon fiber, metal oxide, conducting polymer and lithium ion battery electrode material.
The material of barrier film 32 can be selected from the one in graphite oxide, ethylene glycol terephthalate (PET), silicon (Si) and silicon dioxide (SiO2), dimethyl silicone polymer etc.
The material of two bed course sheets 37 is selected from the one in buna, butadiene-styrene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, silicon rubber, polyurethane rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, fluorubber and acrylate rubber.
Electrolyte is solid-state or colloidal state, and the system of electrolyte is PVA-H
2sO
4(polyvinyl alcohol-sulfuric acid) system; PVA-H
3pO
4(polyvinyl alcohol-phosphoric acid) system; 1-butyl, 3-methylimidazole bis trifluoromethyl sulfo nyl acid imide-fumed silica system; PAN-[EMIm] BF
4-TMS(polyaniline-1-ethyl, 3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate-trimethyl silanol) system; 1-butyl, 3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate-silica gel system; PMMA-EC-PC-LiClO
4(polymethyl methacrylate-ethylene carbonate-propene carbonate-lithium perchlorate) system; PMMA-EC-PC-NaClO
4(polymethyl methacrylate-ethylene carbonate-propene carbonate-perchloric acid is received) system; PEO-PEG-LiCF
3sO
3(polyethylene glycol oxide-polyethylene glycol-trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium) system; PMMA-EC-PC-TEAClO
4one in (polymethyl methacrylate-ethylene carbonate-propene carbonate-tetraethylammonium perchlorate) system.
The material of encapsulated layer 39 is the one in aluminum plastic film, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyformaldehyde (POM), Merlon (PC) and polyamide (PA).
In the present embodiment, the structure between ultracapacitor first electrode and ultracapacitor second electrode can have multiple, and Fig. 4 a-Fig. 4 h is the schematic top plan view of the structure between ultracapacitor first electrode and ultracapacitor second electrode.Shown in Fig. 4 a is parallel construction, and ultracapacitor first electrode 41A is parallel with ultracapacitor second electrode 41B, is provided with barrier film 41C between the two.Shown in Fig. 4 b is multiple row parallel construction, and wherein electrode 42A has multiple row and parallel to each other, is provided with barrier film between two adjacent electrodes.Shown in Fig. 4 c is interdigital structure, is provided with barrier film 43C between ultracapacitor first electrode 43A and ultracapacitor second electrode 43B, and shown in Fig. 3 is exactly such interdigital structure.Shown in Fig. 4 d is serpentine configuration, is barrier film between ultracapacitor first electrode 44A and ultracapacitor second electrode 44B.Shown in Fig. 4 e is helical structure, is barrier film between ultracapacitor first electrode 45A and ultracapacitor second electrode 45B.Shown in Fig. 4 f is dendritic structure, is barrier film between ultracapacitor first electrode 46A and ultracapacitor second electrode 46B.Shown in Fig. 4 g is spiral dendritic structure, is barrier film between ultracapacitor first electrode 47A and ultracapacitor second electrode 47B.Shown in Fig. 4 h is dactylotype, is barrier film between ultracapacitor first electrode 48A and ultracapacitor second electrode 48B.
Above-mentioned all solid state symmetric form Graphene ultracapacitor preferably adopts laser method to prepare, and its step comprises:
(1) substrate (as PET) is adhered on CD;
(2) the graphite oxide aqueous solution (1-10mg/ml, the manufacture method of graphite oxide is the Hummers method improved) droplet is coated onto in PET base, dries moisture and leave golden brown graphite oxide;
(3) above-mentioned CD is put in dvd CD writer, carry out structure fabrication, generate black graphene-structured;
(4) copper strips collector is pasted in graphene-structured both sides with conductive silver glue;
(5) on the basis of step (4), place the three-back-shaped bed course sheet of sealing;
(6) in three-back-shaped bed course sheet, gluey electrolyte is instilled and transpiring moisture;
(7) overall package obtains flexible solid electrolyte ultracapacitor.
Owing to acting on the uncertainty of the external force size of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, the alternating current size that Zinc oxide nanometer power generator is produced is also uncertain, and the voltage that Zinc oxide nanometer power generator produces, electric current are all very little, this particularity just requires that the appropriate design of external circuit makes it reach stable and exports.The present invention carries out adjustment conversion to realize stable output by charging circuit module to the signal of telecommunication that Zinc oxide nanometer power generator exports.
Fig. 5 is a kind of circuit theory schematic diagram of the embodiment one of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention.Fig. 5 shows the annexation of the internal structure of charging circuit module and itself and Zinc oxide nanometer power generator and ultracapacitor.As shown in Figure 5, charging circuit module comprises: rectification circuit module 51 and filter circuit module 52.Wherein, rectification circuit module 51 is connected with the output electrode of at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, and the signal of telecommunication at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator exported carries out rectification process.Particularly, two input 51A with 51B of rectification circuit module 51 are connected two output electrodes of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 53 respectively, receive the signal of telecommunication that Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 53 exports.For the structure comprising multiple Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, two output electrodes of multiple Zinc oxide nanometer power generator are in parallel and/or be cascaded, and are then connected with two input 51A and 51B of rectification circuit module 51.
Two output 51C with 51D of rectification circuit module 51 are connected with filter circuit module 52, and the unidirectional Rectified alternating current obtained after the signal of telecommunication that Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 53 exports by rectification circuit module 51 carries out rectification process exports to filter circuit module 52.Filter circuit module 52 is connected with ultracapacitor 54, and the unidirectional Rectified alternating current that rectification circuit module 51 exports by filter circuit module 52 carries out filtering process and obtain DC signal exporting to ultracapacitor 54.
As shown in Figure 5, filter circuit module 52 has two ends.Particularly, the first end 52A of filter circuit module 52 is connected with the output 51D of rectification circuit module 51, and the second end 52B of filter circuit module 52 is connected with the output 51C of rectification circuit module 51.The first end 52A of filter circuit module 52 is connected with the first collector of ultracapacitor, and the second end 52B of filter circuit module 52 is connected with the second collector of ultracapacitor.In actual applications, the general ground connection of the second end 52B of filter circuit module 52.
For the circuit shown in Fig. 5, when External Force Acting is in Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, Zinc oxide nanometer power generator generation mechanical deformation can be made, thus produce the pulse electrical signal exchanged.First this pulse electrical signal exchanged inputs to rectification circuit module, carries out rectification, obtain the direct current of unidirectional pulsation by rectification circuit module to it.The direct current of this unidirectional pulsation inputs to again filter circuit module and carries out filtering, the interference noise in the direct current of unidirectional pulsation is carried out filtering, obtains DC signal.Finally, this DC signal directly inputs to ultracapacitor and charges.Here can be a ultracapacitor charging, also can charge for the ultracapacitor of multiple parallel connection simultaneously.
The advantage of foregoing circuit is: (1) produces the size of electric energy and the size of ultracapacitor electric capacity and charging voltage according to Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, by regulating the relevant parameter of filter circuit module, make it possible to the electric energy utilizing Zinc oxide nanometer power generator to produce to greatest extent, improve energy conversion efficiency; (2) according to the difference of applied environment, the voltage that Zinc oxide nanometer power generator produces is different, can by regulating the relevant parameter of filter circuit module, be adjusted to the voltage adapted to ultracapacitor charging, this not only overcomes Zinc oxide nanometer power generator and produces the uncertainty of voltage swing, also overcomes Zinc oxide nanometer power generator simultaneously and produces voltage, problem that electric current is all very little.
Further, charging circuit module can also adopt the more preferred structure of one.Fig. 6 is the another kind of circuit theory schematic diagram of the embodiment one of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention.Fig. 6 shows the annexation of the internal structure of preferred charging circuit module and itself and Zinc oxide nanometer power generator and ultracapacitor.As shown in Figure 6, charging circuit module, except comprising rectification circuit module 61 and filter circuit module 62, also comprises charge control module 63 and switch/voltage changing module 64.Wherein the function of rectification circuit module 61 and filter circuit module 62 is see above, repeats no more.
Charge control module 63 is connected with filter circuit module 62, the d. c. voltage signal U1 that wave reception filtering circuit module 62 exports; Charge control module 63 is connected with ultracapacitor 65, and receive the charging voltage U that ultracapacitor 65 feeds back, this charging voltage U is the voltage signal formed between two collectors of ultracapacitor 65; Charge control module 63 is also connected with switch/voltage changing module 64, and charge control module 63 obtains control signal according to d. c. voltage signal U1 and charging voltage U, exports control signal to switch/voltage changing module 64.Switch/voltage changing module 64 is connected with filter circuit module 62, the d. c. voltage signal U1 that wave reception filtering circuit module 62 exports; Switch/voltage changing module 64 is also connected with ultracapacitor 65, switch/voltage changing module 64 carries out switching over according to the control signal received and carries out adjustment process to the d. c. voltage signal that filter circuit module 62 exports, and is adjusted to the voltage U 2 adapting to charge to ultracapacitor 65.
For the circuit shown in Fig. 6, with Fig. 5 unlike, process the d. c. voltage signal U1 obtained after filtering and input to charge control module 63, charge control module 63 can, according to the size of this d. c. voltage signal U1, decide when to charge to ultracapacitor 65; And ultracapacitor 65 charge condition is paid close attention to, carrys out control switch/voltage changing module 64 according to the situation that ultracapacitor 65 charges.The output voltage of circuit module 62 is the output voltages progressively increased after filtering, and this output voltage is until increase to pressure limiting voltage, and this pressure limiting voltage is a circuit protection voltage, prevents circuit because overtension and damages.
Because whole charging circuit module does not have external power supply, the working power that charge control module 63 control switchs/voltage changing module 64 charges to ultracapacitor 65 is also come from Zinc oxide nanometer power generator electricity, therefore specially a starting resistor is set in charge control module 63, after filter circuit module 62 output voltage reaches this starting resistor, charge control module 63 just driving switch/voltage changing module 64 starts charging.
Another effect of charge control module 63 is according to the size of d. c. voltage signal U1 that obtains after filtering and the size of ultracapacitor 65 charging voltage U, d. c. voltage signal U1 is regulated, be adjusted to the voltage U 2 adapting to ultracapacitor 65 and charge, and selectivity driving switch/voltage changing module 64 charges to ultracapacitor 65.
According to C=Q/U, the capacity C of ultracapacitor is a fixed value, and in the process of charging to ultracapacitor, quantity of electric charge Q is in continuous increase, and the voltage U of ultracapacitor is also in continuous rising thereupon.Charge to ultracapacitor in order to more effective, the numerical information of the charging voltage U that charge control module 63 is fed back according to ultracapacitor 65 and the d. c. voltage signal U1 that filter circuit module 62 exports, carry out the circuit in by-pass cock/voltage changing module 64, realize, to the conversion of voltage U 1 to U2, obtaining the real time charging voltage U 2 of ultracapacitor 65.The matching relationship that charges accordingly is had, to ensure the highest energy conversion efficiency between U2 and U.For example, suppose that the voltage that is full of of ultracapacitor 65 is U0, charging voltage U and the U0 that ultracapacitor 65 feeds back by charge control module 63 compares, if U is less than U0, shows ultracapacitor 65 also underfill, needs to continue charging; If U equals U0, show that ultracapacitor 65 is full of.Simultaneously, d. c. voltage signal U1 and the U0 that filter circuit module 62 exports also compares by charge control module 63, if U1 is greater than U0, then charge control module 63 exports control signal control switch/voltage changing module 64 couples of U1 and carries out step-down process, obtains the real time charging voltage U 2 of ultracapacitor 65; If U1 is less than U0, then charge control module 63 export control signal control switch/voltage changing module 64 couples of U1 carry out boosting process, obtain the real time charging voltage U 2 of ultracapacitor 65.
Here can be a ultracapacitor charging, also can be the charging of multiple ultracapacitor, as Fig. 6, show three ultracapacitors, these three ultracapacitors be connected in parallel.When for multiple ultracapacitor charging, can be full of one by one, also can be full of simultaneously.Be full of one by one and be achieved in the following ways: the charging voltage U of current ultracapacitor feedback of charging is full of voltage U 0 with it and compares by charge control module 63, if U reaches U0, so charge control module 63 exports control signal control switch/voltage changing module 64 by switching over to next ultracapacitor, continues as next ultracapacitor and charges.
Further, in order to protect Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, charging circuit module can also comprise alternator control modules 66.This alternator control modules 66 is connected with ultracapacitor 65, and receive the charging voltage U that ultracapacitor 65 feeds back, this charging voltage U is the voltage signal formed between two collectors of ultracapacitor 65; Alternator control modules 66 is also connected with Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, exports the signal stopping generating to Zinc oxide nanometer power generator.When ultracapacitor 65 is full of, can obtains one and be full of voltage, this is full of Voltage Feedback to alternator control modules 66, and then Zinc oxide nanometer power generator can be closed by alternator control modules 66, thus stops generating.
The advantage of the circuit shown in Fig. 6 is: (1) is owing to acting on the uncertain of the external force size of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, the alternating current size that Zinc oxide nanometer power generator is produced is also uncertain, uncertain magnitude of voltage can be converted to the magnitude of voltage of applicable ultracapacitor charging by this circuit, strong adaptability, extends the application of this self-charging energy storage device; (2) owing to devising charge control module especially in circuit, its charging voltage is regulated according to the real-time voltage of ultracapacitor, the real-time voltage of ultracapacitor and charging voltage is made to maintain a Dynamic Matching relation, reach the electric energy that Zinc oxide nanometer power generator is sent to fill to greatest extent and give ultracapacitor, achieve maximum energy storage effect; (3) being full of according to ultracapacitor, whether the work of alternator control modules controlled oxidization zinc nano generator to be, and then extends the useful life of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator; (4), when charging for multiple ultracapacitor, when one of them being full of, next ultracapacitor can being automatically switched to and charge.
The self-charging energy storage device that the present embodiment provides is not limited only to comprise single Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, can also arrange multiple Zinc oxide nanometer power generator in the side of ultracapacitor.Specifically, the Zinc oxide nanometer power generator being arranged on ultracapacitor side has multiple, and these Zinc oxide nanometer power generator arrayed are at same layer or different layers, and the output electrode of their correspondences is joined together to form parallel connection and/or cascaded structure.Its arrangement can refer to Fig. 7.Compared with the feature that the voltage produced with single Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, electric current are all less, multiple Zinc oxide nanometer power generator of parallel connection and/or series connection can increase power output, reach better charging effect; And due to multiple Zinc oxide nanometer power generator evenly distributed, its uniform force can be made, there is good linear superposition effect.
The self-charging energy storage device that the present embodiment provides is not limited only to comprise a ultracapacitor, can arrange multiple ultracapacitor in the side of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, and their arrayed, at same layer or different layers, form in parallel and/or cascaded structure.With reference to Fig. 6, charging circuit can charge for multiple ultracapacitor simultaneously.
Fig. 8 is the perspective view of the embodiment two of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 8, this self-charging energy storage device comprises: ultracapacitor 81 is located at the Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 82 and 83 of ultracapacitor 81 both sides with dividing, similar " sandwich " structure.Wherein, Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 82 is arranged on the downside of ultracapacitor 81, and Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 83 is arranged on the upside of ultracapacitor 81.Ultracapacitor 81 forms an entirety with the Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 82 and 83 of upper and lower both sides.Not shown charging circuit module in Fig. 8.Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 82 is in parallel with 83 respective two output electrodes and/or be cascaded and be connected with charging circuit module, and charging circuit module is connected with two collectors of ultracapacitor 81 again, thus realizes the storage of electric energy.
In the present embodiment, ultracapacitor 81 is all-solid-state supercapacitor, is selected from the one in all solid state symmetric form Graphene ultracapacitor, all solid state symmetric form active carbon ultracapacitor, all solid state active carbon/metal oxide asymmetric type supercapacitor, all solid state active carbon/conducting polymer asymmetric type supercapacitor, all solid state active carbon/lithium ion battery mixing asymmetric type supercapacitor.Preferably, ultracapacitor 81 is selected from all solid state symmetric form Graphene ultracapacitor.
Fig. 9 is the schematic cross-section of the embodiment two of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 9, the structure of ultracapacitor 81 and identical described by embodiment one, identical yet with described by embodiment one of the available material of its device comprised, does not repeat them here.Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 82 and 83 is layer structure, will describe in detail below.Ultracapacitor 81 and Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 82 common base 811, be also provided with insulating barrier 90 between Zinc oxide nanometer power generator 83 and ultracapacitor 81.It should be noted that herein, when Zinc oxide nanometer power generator and ultracapacitor common base, need not insulating barrier be added, when Zinc oxide nanometer power generator and ultracapacitor do not have common base, need to add insulating barrier, prevent conducting.
In the present embodiment, identical yet with described in embodiment one of charging circuit module, does not repeat them here.
The self-charging energy storage device that the present embodiment provides is not limited only to comprise upper and lower two Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, in the upside of ultracapacitor and/or downside, multiple Zinc oxide nanometer power generator can be set, specifically, the Zinc oxide nanometer power generator be arranged on the downside of ultracapacitor can have multiple, and arrayed is at same layer or different layers, form in parallel and/or cascaded structure; And/or the Zinc oxide nanometer power generator be arranged on the upside of ultracapacitor can have multiple, and arrayed is at same layer or different layers, form in parallel and/or cascaded structure.Its arrangement can refer to Fig. 7.Multiple Zinc oxide nanometer power generator of parallel connection and/or series connection can increase the output of power, reach better charging effect; And due to multiple Zinc oxide nanometer power generator evenly distributed, its uniform force can be made, there is good linear superposition effect.
The self-charging energy storage device that the present embodiment provides is not limited only to comprise a ultracapacitor, can arrange multiple ultracapacitor between the Zinc oxide nanometer power generator of upper and lower sides, and their arrayed, at same layer or different layers, form parallel-connection structure.With reference to Fig. 6, charging circuit can charge for multiple ultracapacitor simultaneously.
Below by the structure of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator introduced in detail in self-charging energy storage device and operation principle.
The first structure of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator as as-shown-in figures 10 a and 10b.Figure 10 a and 10b respectively illustrates perspective view and the cross-sectional view of the first structure of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator.As shown in Figure 10 a, this Zinc oxide nanometer power generator comprises: be positioned at the first structure sheaf 10a of top and be positioned at the second structure sheaf 20a of bottom, this the first structure sheaf 10a and the second structure sheaf 20a is oppositely arranged, and the zinc oxide nanowire 103 between the first structure sheaf 10a and the second structure sheaf 20a.Particularly, as shown in fig. lob, in such an embodiment, the first structure sheaf 10a comprises the first electrode 101 and the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 102, and wherein, described first electrode 101 is arranged on the upper surface of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 102; Described second structure sheaf 20a comprises the second electrode 105 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 104, and wherein, the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 104 is arranged on the second electrode 105.In such an embodiment, zinc oxide nanowire 103 grows on the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 104, and zinc oxide nanowire 103 is in vertically upwards extending structurally, and its top is formed with the lower surface of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 102 and contacts.The diameter of zinc oxide nanowire is very little, and has longer length, and it is bending that this large length-to-diameter ratio example makes zinc oxide nanowire just can produce under very little active force; First electrode 101 and the second electrode 105 form two output electrodes of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator.
Lower mask body introduces the operation principle of the Zinc oxide nanometer power generator shown in Figure 10 a and Figure 10 b.
When this Zinc oxide nanometer power generator due to stressed and produce distortion time, the zinc oxide nanowire 103 of vertical structure also produces deformation thereupon, then zinc oxide nanowire side is compressed, and correspondingly, another side is then stretched.At this moment, due to the piezoelectric effect of zinc oxide material, between side by compression and Extrude Face, produce bias voltage by the separation of electric charge and accumulation, in maintenance deformation with when not having external circuits, this bias voltage can not be released.Because the first electrode 101 is connected with charging circuit module with the output electrode of the second electrode 105 as Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, and then be connected with ultracapacitor, charging circuit module and ultracapacitor form the external circuit of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, are equivalent to be communicated with by external circuit between two output electrodes of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator.When each layer of this zinc oxide generator returns to original state, the built-in potential be at this moment formed between the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 105 disappears.In Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, by a large amount of vertically nano wire alternating bending and recovery under very little active force, just can form periodic ac signal in external circuit, reach the power output of needs.This ac signal is converted to DC signal after charging circuit module process, and this DC signal is exported to ultracapacitor and stored, thus achieves the self-charging of ultracapacitor.
In such an embodiment, the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 105 material therefor can be indium tin oxide, Graphene, nano silver wire film, metal or alloy; Wherein, metal is Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium; Alloy is aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, lead alloy, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.
First high molecular polymer insulating barrier 102 material therefor is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS), polyimide film, aniline-formaldehyde resin film, polyformaldehyde film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyethylene glycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge films, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, staple fibre film, poly-methyl film, methacrylic acid ester film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyester film, polyisobutene film, polyurethane flexible sponge films, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde-phenol film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber films, polyacrylonitrile film, one in acrylonitrile vinyl chloride film and polyethylene third diphenol carbonate thin film
Second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 104 material therefor is dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyimides (Kapton), poly terephthalic acid class plastics (PET), Teflon(Teflon) or Kynoar (PVDF) etc.
The second structure of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator as shown in figures 1 la and 1 lb.Figure 11 a and 11b respectively illustrates perspective view and the cross-sectional view of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator the second structure.As shown in fig. lla, this Zinc oxide nanometer power generator comprises: be positioned at the first structure sheaf 10b of top and be positioned at the second structure sheaf 20b of bottom, this the first structure sheaf 10b and the second structure sheaf 20b is oppositely arranged, and the zinc oxide nanowire 113 between the first structure sheaf 10b and the second structure sheaf 20b.Particularly, as shown in figure lib, in such an embodiment, the first structure sheaf 10b comprises the first electrode 111 and the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 112, and wherein, the first electrode 111 is arranged on the upper surface of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 112.With the first structure of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator unlike, here, second structure sheaf 20b is made up of the second electrode 115, at this moment, zinc oxide nanowire 113 grows on the second electrode 115, and zinc oxide nanowire 113 is in vertically upwards extending structurally, and its top is formed with the lower surface of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 112 and contacts.Similarly, the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 115 form two output electrodes of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator.
In the second structure, identical with described in the first structure of the first electrode 111, second electrode 115 of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator and the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 112 material used.
Self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention can realize self-charging function, make owing to adopting flexible material, make whole self-charging energy storage device can bend arbitrarily, be out of shape, thus make self-charging energy storage device of the present invention can adapt to different application occasion and environment.In addition, self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention can realize the fast charging and discharging of ultracapacitor, and in discharge process, the capability retention of capacitor is high, can realize more effective discharge and recharge, is an excellent energy storage device.Except this, the structural design of self-charging energy storage device provided by the invention is flexible, ingenious, and performance is better, and shape, size also can be processed according to the demand of user, more facilitation.
Finally; what enumerate it is to be noted that above is only specific embodiments of the invention; certain those skilled in the art can change and modification the present invention; if these amendments and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, protection scope of the present invention all should be thought.
Claims (17)
1. a self-charging energy storage device, is characterized in that, comprising:
Mechanical energy is converted at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator of electric energy, described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator comprises: the first structure sheaf be oppositely arranged and the second structure sheaf, and the zinc oxide nanowire between described first structure sheaf and described second structure sheaf; Wherein, the growth of described zinc oxide nanowire at described second structure sheaf towards on the surface of the first structure sheaf, and the other end of described zinc oxide nanowire contacts with the first structure sheaf, described first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf form two output electrodes of described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator;
Be connected with the output electrode of at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator described, the signal of telecommunication described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator exported carries out the charging circuit module regulating conversion; And
Be connected with described charging circuit module, receive the signal of telecommunication that described charging circuit module exports and carry out at least one ultracapacitor of storing; Described ultracapacitor comprises: substrate, to be positioned in substrate and to belong to the barrier film of same layer, ultracapacitor first electrode, ultracapacitor second electrode and the first collector, the second collector, electrolyte, is filled with the cavity of described electrolyte, and forms the encapsulating structure of described cavity.
2. self-charging energy storage device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described barrier film is arranged between described ultracapacitor first electrode and ultracapacitor second electrode, described first collector and ultracapacitor first Electrode connection, described second collector and ultracapacitor second Electrode connection, described charging circuit module is connected with described first collector, the second collector;
Described encapsulating structure comprises two the bed course sheets be positioned on described first collector and the second collector, and the encapsulated layer on bed course sheet;
Described cavity is formed by described two bed course sheets, described barrier film, described encapsulated layer, described ultracapacitor first electrode and ultracapacitor second electrode.
3. self-charging energy storage device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator divides the upside and/or downside that are located at described ultracapacitor, be arranged at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator on the downside of described ultracapacitor and described ultracapacitor shares described substrate, be arranged between at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator on the upside of described ultracapacitor and described ultracapacitor and be also provided with insulating barrier.
4. self-charging energy storage device according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
The Zinc oxide nanometer power generator be arranged on the downside of described ultracapacitor has multiple, and arrayed is at same layer or different layers, forms in parallel and/or cascaded structure;
And/or the Zinc oxide nanometer power generator be arranged on the upside of described ultracapacitor has multiple, and arrayed is at same layer or different layers, forms in parallel and/or cascaded structure.
5. self-charging energy storage device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described ultracapacitor is all-solid-state supercapacitor, be selected from all solid state Graphene ultracapacitor, all solid state active carbon ultracapacitor, all solid state active carbon/metal oxide ultracapacitor, all solid state active carbon/conducting polymer ultracapacitor, the one in all solid state active carbon/lithium ion battery hybrid super capacitor.
6. self-charging energy storage device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the material of described substrate is selected from the one in PETG, silicon and silicon dioxide.
7. self-charging energy storage device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the material of described two bed course sheets is selected from the one in buna, butadiene-styrene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, silicon rubber, polyurethane rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, fluorubber and acrylate rubber.
8. self-charging energy storage device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the material of described barrier film is the one in graphite oxide, ethylene glycol terephthalate, silicon and silicon dioxide, dimethyl silicone polymer; Then the system of described electrolyte is selected from polyvinyl alcohol-sulfuric acid system; Polyvinyl alcohol-Phosphoric Acid; 1-butyl, 3-methylimidazole bis trifluoromethyl sulfo nyl acid imide-fumed silica system; Polyaniline-1-ethyl, 3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate-trimethyl silanol system; 1-butyl, 3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate-silica gel system; Polymethyl methacrylate-ethylene carbonate-propene carbonate-lithium perchlorate system; Polymethyl methacrylate-ethylene carbonate-propene carbonate-perchloric acid receives system; Polyethylene glycol oxide-polyethylene glycol-trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium system; One in polymethyl methacrylate-ethylene carbonate-propene carbonate-tetraethylammonium perchlorate's system.
9. self-charging energy storage device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the material of described encapsulated layer is the one in aluminum plastic film, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, polyformaldehyde, Merlon and polyamide membrane.
10. self-charging energy storage device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the material of described first collector and the second collector is selected from the one in copper, silver, al and ni; The material of described ultracapacitor first electrode and ultracapacitor second electrode is selected from the one in Graphene, active carbon, charcoal-aero gel, carbon fiber, metal oxide, conducting polymer and lithium ion battery material.
11. self-charging energy storage devices according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described ultracapacitor first electrode and ultracapacitor second electrode are: parallel construction, multiple row parallel construction, interdigital structure, serpentine configuration, helical structure, dendritic structure, spiral dendritic structure or dactylotype.
12. self-charging energy storage devices according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described charging circuit module comprises:
Rectification circuit module that be connected with the output electrode of at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, that the signal of telecommunication that at least one Zinc oxide nanometer power generator described exports is carried out rectification process; And
Be connected with described rectification circuit module, the unidirectional Rectified alternating current that described rectification circuit module exports is carried out filtering process and obtains the filter circuit module of DC signal, described DC signal is exported to described ultracapacitor by described filter circuit module.
13. self-charging energy storage devices according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, described charging circuit module also comprises: charge control module and switch/voltage changing module;
Described charge control module is connected with filter circuit module, receives the DC signal that described filter circuit module exports; Described charge control module is connected with described ultracapacitor, receives the charging voltage of described ultracapacitor feedback; Described charge control module is connected with described switch/voltage changing module, and described charge control module obtains control signal according to described DC signal and described charging voltage, exports described control signal to described switch/voltage changing module;
Described switch/voltage changing module is connected with described filter circuit module, the DC signal that wave reception filtering circuit module exports; Described switch/voltage changing module is connected with described ultracapacitor, and described switch/voltage changing module carries out switching over according to the control signal received and exports to described ultracapacitor after carrying out transformation process to the DC signal that described filter circuit module exports.
14. self-charging energy storage devices according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, described charging circuit module also comprises: alternator control modules;
Described alternator control modules is connected with described ultracapacitor, receives the charging voltage of described ultracapacitor feedback;
Described alternator control modules is connected with described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator, and described alternator control modules exports the signal stopping generating to described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator according to described charging voltage.
15. self-charging energy storage devices according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described first structure sheaf comprises the first electrode and the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier; Wherein, described first electrode is arranged on the first side surface of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier, and described first electrode forms an output electrode of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator; Described zinc oxide nanowire contacts with second side surface of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier towards described second structure sheaf.
16. self-charging energy storage devices according to claim 15, is characterized in that, the second structure sheaf of described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator comprises the second electrode; Described second electrode forms another output electrode of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator; Described zinc oxide nanowire growth is on the surface of described second electrode towards the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier.
17. self-charging energy storage devices according to claim 15, is characterized in that, the second structure sheaf of described Zinc oxide nanometer power generator comprises the second electrode and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier; Wherein, described second electrode is arranged on the first side surface of described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier, and described second electrode forms another output electrode of Zinc oxide nanometer power generator; Described zinc oxide nanowire grows at described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier towards on the second side surface of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier.
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