CN104282448B - Arc ablation resistance copper-based electrical contact composite material - Google Patents
Arc ablation resistance copper-based electrical contact composite material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104282448B CN104282448B CN201310346481.7A CN201310346481A CN104282448B CN 104282448 B CN104282448 B CN 104282448B CN 201310346481 A CN201310346481 A CN 201310346481A CN 104282448 B CN104282448 B CN 104282448B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- composite material
- electrical contact
- arc ablation
- ablation resistance
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/025—Composite material having copper as the basic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an arc ablation resistance copper-based electrical contact composite material, in particular to a method for preparing an arc ablation resistance copper-based electrical contact composite material through adding an appropriate amount of yttrium oxide. The arc ablation resistance copper-based electrical contact composite material is mainly used for a medium-low-load power switch, a relay, a contactor, a starter and other electrical devices. The copper-based electrical contact composite material used for the low-voltage electrical devices comprises, by weight, 0.5-6% of zinc, 0.5-2.5% of yttrium oxide, 0.04-1% of cerium-rich mischmetal, 0.5-5% of boron carbide and the balance being copper powder and other inevitable impurities. The arc ablation resistance copper-based electrical contact composite material is prepared through batching, powder mixing, compression forming, pre-sintering and argon shield sintering. Electric conduction performance, heat conduction performance, welding resistance, arc ablation resistance and friction resistance of the novel copper-based composite material are comparable with a silver-based composite material, basic requirements for materials of electrical contacts and other workpieces can be met, and the prominent arc ablation resistance is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of arc ablation resistance cuprio electric contact composite material, more particularly to a kind of to add appropriate yittrium oxide
The method for preparing arc ablation resistance copper-based electric contact material, is mainly used in the on and off switch of middle low-load, relay, catalyst,
In the electrical installations such as starter.
Background technology
Contact of the electric current from conductor by conductor with conductor is transmitted to another conductor, the two or several conductors it
Between the physical chemical phenomenon that electric current is transmitted is realized by the contact surface of machinery, this state referred to as makes electrical contact with, wherein transmission electricity
The conductor of stream becomes contact material（Electrical contact material）.Research shows, the electrical arc erosion that electrical contact is produced during opening and closing
Phenomenon is extremely complex, under the comprehensive function of arc energy, contact pressure and environmental factorss, contact surface occur heating, fusing,
The Physical Metallurgy processes such as vaporization, flowing and solidification, cause contact surface to produce the phenomenons such as softening, splash, flowing and crackle.Cause
This, it is desirable to contact material in addition to good physical property, also with excellent mechanical property and chemical stability.At present,
In high-end mesolow electric equipment products, electric contacts are still based on silver-based composite material.But silver-colored resource-constrained, it is expensive
And be difficult to recycle to contact material, therefore research and development generation silver-colored contact material is very valuable.The electric conductivity of copper is close to silver
Heat conductivity is good, and reserves are big, and price is far below silver, therefore metallic copper becomes optimal replacement ag material.But metallic copper is present certainly
Body defect, it is oxidizable and oxidation product resistance is very big, as contact material, contact resistance can be made to increase suddenly, especially in electricity
In catalyst disjunction and closing course, arc erosion is serious, and the contact material life-span greatly shortens.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of suitable for middle low-load, the on and off switch of frequently opening and closing, such as relay connects
In the electrical installations such as tentaculum, starter, cheap, contact resistance is stable, resistance fusion welding can good, antioxygenic property and mechanical property
Can be good, particularly with preferable arc resistant ablative low-voltage electrical apparatus cuprio electric contact composite material.
From copper as matrix, copper is cheap with silver-colored comparative price, and resource is relatively enriched, its electrical and thermal conductivity, resistance fusion welding,
Electric current loses and frictional behavior can match in excellence or beauty with silver, can meet the requirement of contact material matrix.In view of contact material mechanics, electricity
The requirement such as contact performance, employs low boiling metallic zinc.Because zinc boiling point is 906 DEG C, when arcing is in contact material, zinc
Boiling heat absorption, reduces contact material temperature, can well extinguish electric arc, therefore using zinc as breath arc constituent element；Add rare earth unit
Element improves antioxygenic property and combination property；Adding the main purpose of yittrium oxide is：Yittrium oxide can effectively be prevented in sintering process
Only copper grain coarsening, makes matrix grain tiny；The yittrium oxide of addition is uniformly distributed in matrix grain boundaries, and contact material is in work shape
Under state, the presence of yittrium oxide makes the viscosity increase of local molten bath, the splash and transfer of material is effectively prevented, so as to improve material
Arc resistant ablation property.Present invention addition carbide, primarily to improving the resistance fusion welding energy of material.
Material resistance fusion welding of the present invention can be good with oxidative resistance, and contact resistance is stable, and electric conductivity is good, and arc resistant is ablative
Can be excellent, it is a kind of cheap contact material of mesolow electrical equipment for being particularly well-suited to frequent opening and closing.
The present invention is realized by following measures：
The low-voltage electrical apparatus cuprio electric contact composite material of the present invention is made up of the material of following weight proportion：0.5-6%
Zinc, 0.5-2.5% yittrium oxide, 0.04-1% cerium-rich mischmetals, 0.5-5% boron carbides, remaining be conductive copper powder and other can not keep away
The impurity exempted from.
The preparation method of composite of the present invention adopts following steps：
（1）By -200 mesh zinc powders, 1-6 μm of yittrium oxide, -325 mesh rare earths-copper powders, -325 boron carbide powders, -200 mesh
Copper powder mixes, and is mixed using the mixed powder machine of V-type, mixes the powder time for 0.5-4 hours；
（2）The powder of mix homogeneously is put in mould, compressing at normal temperatures, compacting pressure is 300-700MPa,
Dwell time is 2-10 min；
（3）By press-formed member pre-burning under argon gas protection, 300-550 DEG C of calcined temperature, burn-in time is 30-
90min, sintering temperature is 750-950 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 5-120min.
4th, specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The composition weight proportion of invention embodiment material is：2% zinc, 1.5% yittrium oxide, 0.1% cerium-rich mischmetal, 1%
Boron carbide powder, remaining is conductive copper powder.
Prepared using following steps：
（1）- 200 mesh zinc powders, -325 mesh rare earths-copper powder, -325 boron carbides are mixed with -200 mesh copper powders by proportioning, is adopted
With the mixed powder of the mixed powder machine of V-type, the powder time is mixed for 1h；
（2）The powder of mix homogeneously is put in mould, compressing at normal temperatures, compacting pressure is 400MPa, pressurize
Time is 3min；
（3）By press-formed member pre-burning under argon gas protection, 450 DEG C of calcined temperature, burn-in time is 60min, sintering
Temperature is 850 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 30min.
Jing process above processes, make cuprio electric contact composite material.
This material key property：1. density：7.92（g/cm3）；2. resistivity：3.00（μΩ•cm）；3. hardness：36
（HB）.
Embodiment 2
The composition weight proportion of invention embodiment material is：2% zinc, 0.5% yittrium oxide, 0.1% cerium-rich mischmetal, 1%
Boron carbide powder, remaining is copper powder.
This group is using the same processing step of embodiment 1 and parameter.
This material key property：1. density：8.15 （g/cm3）；2. resistivity：3.23（μΩ•cm）3. hardness：38
（HB）.
Embodiment 3
The composition and ratio of invention embodiment material be 4% zinc, 1.5% yittrium oxide, 0.1% cerium-rich mischmetal, 1% boron carbide
Powder, remaining is copper powder.
Prepared using following steps：
（1）With step 1 in example 1；
（2）The powder of mix homogeneously is put in mould, compressing at normal temperatures, compacting pressure is 450MPa, pressurize
Time is 3min；
（3）By press-formed member pre-burning under argon gas protection, 450 DEG C of calcined temperature, burn-in time is 60min, sintering
Temperature is 800 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 10min.
This material key property：1. density：8.34 （g/cm3）；2. resistivity：3.75（μΩ•cm）3. hardness：42
（HB）.
Embodiment 4
The composition and ratio of invention embodiment material be 2% zinc, 2.5% yittrium oxide, 0.1% cerium-rich mischmetal, 1% boron carbide
Powder, remaining is copper powder.
Prepared using following steps：
（1）- 200 mesh zinc powders, -325 mesh rare earths-copper powder, -325 boron carbides are mixed with -200 mesh copper powders by proportioning, is adopted
With the mixed powder of the mixed powder machine of V-type, the powder time is mixed for 1h；
（2）The powder of mix homogeneously is put in mould, compressing at normal temperatures, compacting pressure is 450MPa, pressurize
Time is 3min；
（3）By press-formed member pre-burning under argon gas protection, 450 DEG C of calcined temperature, burn-in time is 60min, sintering
Temperature is 800 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 30min.
This material key property：1. density：8.26 （g/cm3）；2. resistivity：4.45（μΩ•cm）3. hardness：43.5
（HB）.
Contrast test example：
The composite of embodiment of the present invention 1-4 and silver-based electric contact material are carried out to make electrical contact with arc resistant ablation test,
Test condition is：Resistive alternating current 40A, voltage 54V, play 52 beats/min of radian frequency, test number (TN) 30000 times.Experimental result
As shown in table 1.Can be seen that by the contrast of sample in table 1. 1,2,4：（1）Yittrium oxide addition in the range of 0-2.5%, with oxidation
The increase of yttrium addition, the arc resistant ablation ability of sample progressively strengthens；（2）Embodiment 1-4 sample is through 30000 arc resistants
Ablation test, the contact resistance of contact material can keep relatively low level.
Mass loss and contact resistance after the arc erosion of each sample of table 1.
| Sample type | Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Sample 4 | Silver-tin contact |
| Yttria levels（wt） | 0.5 | 1.5% | 1.5% | 2.5% | 0 |
| Zn content（wt） | 2% | 2% | 4% | 2% | 0 |
| Mass loss (g) | 0.033 | 0.027 | 0.017 | 0.024 | 0.14 |
| Contact resistance (Ω) | 3.2×10-3 | 3.1×10-3 | 2.5×10-3 | 2.9×10-3 | 6.5×10-3 |
Claims (1)
1. a kind of process of cuprio electric contact composite material, it is characterised in that its main component is：In Copper substrate containing zinc,
Yittrium oxide, boron carbide, cerium-rich rare earth, wherein zinc, the addition of yittrium oxide are respectively 2-4 wt.%, 0.5-2.5 wt.%, the work
Process is concretely comprised the following steps：（1）First, following material, -200 mesh zinc powders, the carbonization of -325 mesh are weighed by certain composition proportion
Boron, -325 mesh rare earths-copper powder, 1-6 μm of yittrium oxide, remaining is -200 mesh copper powders and other inevitable impurity；（2）Will mixing
Uniform powder is put in mould, carries out compressing at normal temperatures, wherein compacting pressure is 300-700MPa, the dwell time is
2-10min；（3）By press-formed member pre-burning under argon gas protection, sintering, wherein calcined temperature are 300-550 DEG C, during pre-burning
Between be 30-90min, sintering temperature be 750-950 DEG C, temperature retention time is 5-120min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310346481.7A CN104282448B (en) | 2013-08-11 | 2013-08-11 | Arc ablation resistance copper-based electrical contact composite material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310346481.7A CN104282448B (en) | 2013-08-11 | 2013-08-11 | Arc ablation resistance copper-based electrical contact composite material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104282448A CN104282448A (en) | 2015-01-14 |
| CN104282448B true CN104282448B (en) | 2017-04-19 |
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| CN201310346481.7A Expired - Fee Related CN104282448B (en) | 2013-08-11 | 2013-08-11 | Arc ablation resistance copper-based electrical contact composite material |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN111505490A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-08-07 | 温州大学乐清工业研究院 | AC contactor ablation condition evaluation method based on convolutional neural network regression |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1462813A (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2003-12-24 | 四川莱特新材料科技有限责任公司 | High electric material of copper, tellurium rare earth without containing silver |
| CN1667768A (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2005-09-14 | 济南大学 | Copper-based electrical contact composite material and process for preparing same |
| CN101106024A (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2008-01-16 | 济南大学 | Weak electricity copper base electric contact composite material and method for making same |
| CN101345143A (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2009-01-14 | 倪树春 | Cu/Ti3SiC2 electric contact material and preparation technique |
| CN102002694A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-04-06 | 江西理工大学 | Method for preparing uniform silver conducting layer on surface of metal or nonmetal material |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3676365B2 (en) * | 1993-08-23 | 2005-07-27 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | Silver-based contact material, use of this type of contact material in a power switchgear and method for producing this contact material |
-
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- 2013-08-11 CN CN201310346481.7A patent/CN104282448B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1462813A (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2003-12-24 | 四川莱特新材料科技有限责任公司 | High electric material of copper, tellurium rare earth without containing silver |
| CN1667768A (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2005-09-14 | 济南大学 | Copper-based electrical contact composite material and process for preparing same |
| CN101106024A (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2008-01-16 | 济南大学 | Weak electricity copper base electric contact composite material and method for making same |
| CN101345143A (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2009-01-14 | 倪树春 | Cu/Ti3SiC2 electric contact material and preparation technique |
| CN102002694A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-04-06 | 江西理工大学 | Method for preparing uniform silver conducting layer on surface of metal or nonmetal material |
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| CN104282448A (en) | 2015-01-14 |
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