CN1042808A - Molded-in lead frames - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is characterised in that lead frames, molded-in lead frames and adapter and the socket made by molded these lead frames.This lead frames generally comprises a base and a circuit, and wherein, this circuit comprises a plurality of conductive units.Conductive unit is remained in position by base, comprises in each conductive unit allowing a pin pass the zone of this conductive unit, and this pin is electrically connected this conductive unit and printed panel.Lead frames can be molded in the plastics, cuts base (cutting off frame) then, and what stay is electric each other conductive unit of isolating.

Description

Molded-in lead frames

The present invention relates to adapter and integrated circuit (IC) socket, they are used for circuit element and machinery, electrical terminal are connected to such as the outer member on printed circuit (PC) or wire-wrap board.

Adapter and IC socket are described in No. the 7th, " advanced interconnection technique catalogue " to some extent.Generally, they are made up of an expoxy glass base, and base has and is used for printed circuit board (PCB) and IC or other electric component are made the pin that is electrically connected.They can be used as high density socket, single-row or twin string line-inset socket, electric capacity decoupling socket, mix socket, printed board connector, pin grid array socket, J-lead, the gull wing and not have lead-in wire adapter or socket.

Generally, adapter and IC socket adopt the PC manufacturing technology to make.Briefly, have on the two sides on the expoxy glass laminated plate of copper to get out the aperture that is used to insert pin, carry out photoetching then, to form circuitry needed.In the hole, coat copper then, with provide and pin between be electrically connected.At last the metal of tin or gold and so on is coated on the copper after the etching, to strengthen its welding performance.Like this, an adapter just can link to each other with outer member by laminated plate and with the pin of mechanical method fixation in the hole.

Found out United States Patent (USP) 4,598 behind the preliminary novelty search that in US patent class 329/17CF, 176M, 176MF and 176MP, carries out, No. 965,4,504, No. 105,4,560, No. 216,4,278, No. 311,4,381, No. 131,4,379, No. 139 and 4,614, No. 384.The design of described molded-in lead frames below but the neither one patent disclosed.

At first, the invention describes a kind of feature that is suitable for use in the lead frames in the adapter formula socket, described adapter formula socket is applicable to a circuit element and mechanical electric link, such as the element on circuit board and mechanical, electrical terminal, is connected with outer member.Lead frames comprises a base and a circuit, and circuit wherein is made up of a plurality of conductive units.Conductive unit is remained on the certain position by base, comprises a zone in each conductive unit, is used to place one and passes the pin of conductive unit so that this unit and circuit board are electrically connected.Lead frames can be molded in the plastics, prunes then, removes frame, stays each unit that isolates mutually on electric.

Relevant therewith, the invention describes a kind of molded-in lead frames that comprises above-mentioned lead frames, above-mentioned lead frames has electrical insulating material and the opening in this material that is molded in around the lead frames, and this lead frames is applicable to the installation pin; So that each conductive unit and circuit board are electrically connected; The present invention has also described adapter or the socket that comprises above-mentioned lead frames.

In a preferred embodiment, molded base also comprises the pin in the conductive unit that passes opening insertion lead frames.In another embodiment, be electrically connected an electric capacity between two conductive units.This adapter or socket also can comprise a fin that is molded in the adapter.

On the other hand, the invention describes a kind of lead frames, it comprises that is applicable to the conductive unit between two pins that are installed in an adapter or socket.This conductive unit has a bridge district that removes, and this bridge district is divided into the zones that two electricity are isolated with conductive unit, and wherein each zone comprises that one is applicable to place and passes the zone of this zone with the pin that should the zone be electrically connected with the printed panel work.Between these zones, can connect an electric capacity, after pontic is removed from lead frames, capacitive couplings be made in the zone that electricity is isolated.

Relevant therewith, the present invention describes a kind of molded-in lead frames that comprises above-mentioned lead frames, wherein, in above-mentioned lead frames molded about electrical insulating material, opening is arranged in the material, and this lead frames is applicable to the installation pin, so that each zone is electrically connected with printed panel; And a kind of adapter or socket that comprises above-mentioned lead frames.

Molded-in lead frames also can comprise a pin in a zone of inserting this lead frames; An electric capacity with two zones of capacitive couplings.

The present invention has also described a kind of method of producing molded-in lead frames.The step that provides one to have the lead frames of a base and a circuit is provided this method, wherein, this circuit comprises a plurality of conductive units, conductive unit is maintained on the position by base, and each conductive unit comprises and is applicable to place and passes the zone of this unit with a pin that this unit and printed panel are electrically connected; This method also comprises electrical insulating material is molded in the step that has the molded-in lead frames that is positioned at the opening on this zone around the lead frames with formation.

In preferred embodiment, this method also comprises the following steps: metal is coated onto on the lead frames solder flux attachment characteristic with the reinforced leads base; A pin is filled in the opening of molded-in lead frames; Before molded step, a fin is provided, wherein, this fin is fixed with respect to lead frames, and its effect is that the heat that circuit element sent that will be placed on the molded-in lead frames leaves; And the method for after molded step, pruning lead frames.

In addition, the present invention has also described a kind of method of producing molded-in lead frames.This method may further comprise the steps: a lead frames is provided, it has a conductive unit that is applicable between two pins that are contained in a socket or adapter, this conductive unit has a pontic, pontic has a removable zone, conductive unit is divided into the zone that two electricity are isolated, wherein, interregionally connect an electric capacity at these two, each zone comprises that one is applicable to that placing one passes this zone with should the zone and the zone of the pin that is electrically connected of a printed panel; And at lead frames molded about electrical insulating material, to form the molded-in lead frames that an opening is arranged at least on such zone.

In preferred embodiment, this method also comprises the following steps: to remove the bridge district, connects an electric capacity between above-mentioned zone, thereby they are interconnected on electric.

On the other hand, the invention describes the method for a kind of spider shape device and this device of use.This device is applicable to that help will have the gull wing device that connects lead-in wire and be welded on the adapter, this spider shape device comprises a plurality of elongated pin attached to a upper surface, this elongated pin stretches to a plane under this surface from this upper surface, and every pin contacts this plane in the position that connects lead-in wire corresponding to.In this device, every pin can be configured on the different connection lead-in wire, and this pin is applicable to that a downward power is added (effect) to be connected on the lead-in wire to these, so that every connects lead-in wire and can contact with adapter.

In preferred embodiment, the lower surface of every pin comprises an insulating material.

The invention provides the adapter and the socket that on function, are better than the prior art device.Because conductive unit is formed by a lead frames, this conductive unit can form by etching or punching press a slice metal, so, comparing to the prior art device, this conductive unit can be thicker, thus resistance is lower, and inductance is less.The present invention also provides a kind of cost that is used to make such device lower and reliable method, because holding the hole of pin forms in molding process, do not need boring, because lead frames provides and enough good being electrically connected of pin, so need in the hole, not coat copper yet.

The device of producing like this can also be contained in electric capacity or chip under the device upper surface, perhaps even can install on the lower surface of device, like this, increased the density that chip is installed, and strengthened the physical reliability of these chips.In addition, technology of the present invention has improved the positioning accuracy of pin and circuit in the final device.Can produce multi-layered devices, the potentiality that exploitation is produced volume by volume, in this kind production, a volume electric conducting material can be continuously by punching press, spraying, molded, element insertion, terminal insertion, small pieces welding, wire bonds, add stations such as lid and assembly insertion.

The present invention also provides a kind of method of process units, and this device has accurately aims at the aperture of arranging, with gang socket more accurately and/or circuit board.This method does not need to do printed circuit board (PCB) with ceramic bases, thus the inconsistent problem of thermal expansion when having avoided with the ceramic bases printed wiring board using them.This method also makes the making of this device faster and more cheap, and can form further feature, for example stand-off can be arranged, and with the cooling of the chip that helps device or installed, and removes solder flux, also makes and can construct three-dimensional devices easily.In addition, this method can be produced multi-layered devices.

In addition, in whole process of production, can deliver a plurality of lead frames, with in automated production with the insulating tape of a softness.

In yet another aspect, the invention describes an adapter that is used for a plurality of terminals of a circuit chip are connected electrically to a circuit board.This adapter comprises that a plurality of lead pin and having corresponding to above-mentioned each terminal are used to hold an insulation board of the aperture of each lead pin.This lead pin comprises a solder flux cover layer part (zone on the pin, in this zone, can utilize solder flux that lead pin is fixed on the chip) and one from the extended pin of solder flux cover layer part, be used for this lead pin is fixed on insulation board by frictional fit.

In preferred embodiment, before pin inserts insulation board, can make an elbow, with the jack on this pin alignment circuit plate along pin.The solder flux cover layer partly comprises scalariform parts and a hook-like assembly unit, so that the respective terminal of circuit chip location.

In another preferred embodiment, a contact pin is pressed in the aperture of aperture of solder flux cover layer part and insulation board, thereby the solder flux cover layer is fixed on the insulation board.The pin that partly is electrically connected with the solder flux cover layer is pressed in another aperture of insulation board.This insulation board can comprise be used for isolating on electric the adjacent legs pin insulator at interval.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be more obvious in the description of following preferred embodiment and claim.

Below will introduce accompanying drawing at first tout court.

Fig. 1-9 shows an adapter encapsulating shell and a kind of various views and embodiment that is used to support the flexible insulation band of lead frames.

Fig. 1 is an adapter and the perspective view that moves apart the chip of this adapter by flexible insulation band carrying; Figure 1A and 1B are the perspective views of this adapter and cover plate; Fig. 1 C is the cutaway view of this adapter alternative embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the diagram of a lead frames;

Fig. 3 is the diagram of adapter upper surface;

Figure 4 and 5 be among Fig. 3 adapter respectively at the cutaway view at transversal A-A and B-B place; Fig. 4 A is the cutaway view of the alternative embodiment of adapter;

Fig. 6 is the diagram of a fin;

Fig. 7 is the diagram of adapter upper surface; Fig. 7 A is the upper surface schematic diagram of an alternative embodiment of adapter;

Fig. 8 is a diagram that has the lead frames of mold insulation plastics between its conductive unit;

Fig. 8 A is the end view of lead frames among Fig. 8;

Fig. 9 is the view sub-anatomy of an adapter; Fig. 9 A is the diagram of the lower surface of this adapter alternative embodiment;

Figure 10,10A and 10B are the cross-sectional schematic that is applicable to the adapter that the J-lead chip is installed;

Figure 11-16 illustrates another embodiment of an adapter;

Figure 11 is this adapter and the perspective view that capacitive part is decomposed; Figure 11 A is the perspective view of the part bottom surface of adapter shown in Figure 11;

Figure 12 is the socket top view;

Figure 13,14 and 15 be among Figure 12 socket respectively at the cutaway view at transversal C-C, A-A and B-B place; Figure 14 A is the diagram at the line D-D place, adapter portion underrun Figure 14 middle section at A-A shown in Figure 12 place;

Figure 16 is the diagram of a lead frames;

Figure 17-17C illustrates the various aspects of a multilayer lead frames socket;

Figure 17 is the diagram of a multilayer lead frames socket;

Figure 17 A is the perspective view of three lead frames and relevant annular solder flux circle in Figure 17 socket;

Figure 17 B be among Figure 17 connector at the part view sub-anatomy at transversal B-B place;

Figure 17 C is the diagram that the connector among expression Figure 17 is connected with a printed circuit board (PCB);

Figure 17 D is the cutaway view at transversal A-A place among Figure 17 B;

Figure 18,18A and 19 are the longitudinal sectional views that pass a pin and corresponding annular solder flux circle;

Figure 19 A is the cutaway view of solder flux and the pin that links to each other with a lead frames;

Figure 20 illustrates the adapter that connects LCC; Figure 20 A is the cutaway view at transversal A-A place among Figure 20;

Figure 21-21D illustrates various aspects of being furnished with the adapter of lead pin;

Figure 21 and 21B are the overlooking and end view of this adapter that has lead pin;

Figure 21 A is the perspective view of a lead pin;

Figure 21 C is an alternative embodiment of lead pin;

Figure 21 D is another embodiment of a lead pin;

Figure 22-22D illustrates the various aspects of the lead pin of the aperture that compensation staggers on an adapter base plate;

Figure 22 and 22A are the perspective views of being about to insert the lead pin of the aperture of adjacent ranks on the adapter;

Figure 22 B is the phantom of this adapter, and the interior lead pin of an aperture that pressure fitted is gone into this adapter is shown;

Figure 22 C is the top sectional perspective view that pressure fitted is gone into the lead pin in the adjacent ranks aperture of an adapter;

Figure 22 D is the bottom sectional perspective view that pressure fitted is gone into the lead pin in the adjacent ranks aperture of a transducer;

Figure 23-23C illustrates and is applicable to the various aspects that a gull wing chip are fastened to the spider shape device on the adapter;

Figure 23 is fixed on the perspective view that this device part on a chip and the adapter is cut open;

Figure 23 A is the alternative embodiment of a spider shape device;

Figure 23 B is the cutaway view that is applicable to the adapter that gull wing chip is installed;

Figure 23 C is mounted in the phantom of the gull wing chip on the adapter;

Figure 24 is the phantom of a pin of this gull wing chip apparatus;

Figure 25-25E illustrates the various aspects of the adapter socket of mounted on surface;

Figure 25 and 25A are overlooking of a multi-tap and upward view;

Figure 25 B and 25C are the cutaway views that is fixed on the lead pin on the adapter socket;

Figure 25 D is the cutaway view of an adapter socket, illustrates by a contact pin and is fixed to a lead pin on the adapter socket;

Figure 25 E is mounted in the end view of the gull wing chip on the adapter socket.

Figure 26 and 26A have the fin of extension and the cutaway view of the adapter of corresponding lid;

Figure 27 is the cutaway view that has the adapter of the extension lead-in wire that is used to be attached to the J-lead chip apparatus; Figure 27 A is the schematic top plan view that is used for adapter is welded to the solder flux bar on the chip apparatus;

Figure 28 is the isometric drawing of the replacement method of adapter assembling;

Figure 29 is an isometric drawing of preparing the adapter that assembles of reception J-lead chip.

Referring to Fig. 1, adapter 10 has been equipped with a series of conductive copper unit 12, and conductive unit 12 extends to its inside edge 16 from the outer edge 14 of adapter.Conductive unit 12 is molded among the electrical insulating material 18.Material 18 has a upper surface 20 and a lower surface 22, and general, material 18 is long-chain polymer or epoxy resin.Also be provided with aperture 24 on the adapter 10, aperture is worn to lower surface 22 from upper surface 20, and is partly blocked (see figure 4) by conductive unit 12.Pin 26 is press-fit in the aperture 24, and welding is fixing, forms with unit 12 to be electrically connected.Fin and chip carrier 28 are positioned under the conductive unit 12 of inside edge 16, like this, when chip is as shown in arrow 32 be placed in the adapter 10 after, carrier 28 can scatter heat from chip 30.In encapsulation process, fin 28 is separated by the dielectric film 27 on conductive unit 12 and the fin 28 with chip 30.Chip 30 has conductive unit 34, and its position is corresponding with the conductive unit 12 on being in adapter 10 inside edges 16.After chip 30 was correctly located, each was welded together by lead welding machine corresponding conductive unit 34 and 12, respectively the terminal 34 of each chip and each pin 26 in the adapter 10 are electrically connected.

Referring to Fig. 1 C.In another embodiment, adapter 10 is molded as upper surface 20 around living each aperture 24.

Referring to Figure 1A and 1B, adapter 10 has been equipped with two cover plates 37,39 and RTU insulation ball (not shown).These can protect integrated circuit (IC) chip 30 to exempt from damage (cover plate 37) or protection chip and adapter be not damaged (cover plate 39).Tegillum sheet 37 is particularly useful for the circuit test that allows to do adapter in protection IC chip 30, because after a circuit is linked in the bottom of pin 26, still can touch pin 26 from upper surface 20.Opening 37A in the tegillum sheet 37 allows the RTU ball that insulate is seated on the chip 30, to solidify quickly.

Referring to Fig. 2, there is shown a lead frames 38 that is suitable for forming Fig. 1 adapter.This lead frames is made up of a square base 40, and every hem width degree A is about 1.4 ", conductive unit 12 is promptly attached to it.Aperture 42 is arranged in the base 40, be used for molded and be attached to dielectric film 27 and lead frames positioned when making adapter 10.Each conductive unit 12 has a diameter to be about 0.046 " 44, one pins 26 of aperture will be fixed in the aperture, to form adapter 10.Utilize mould in the 12A of the interval of each conductive unit 12, to be full of the electric insulation plastics.Zone around the inside shadow section 46 of each conductive unit 12 and the aperture 44 is coated with gold, and distance is about 0.06 ".Inner pin holes group 44 separates about 0.1 with external pin hole group ", also may be littler, for example 0.05 ".This figure draws in proportion, and other size can obtain from figure.

Referring to Fig. 2 and 3.The plane graph that has shown the adapter 10 on dielectric film 27 among the figure.Dielectric film 27 can be polyester film or Cape Town (Kapton) film, each limit along film can form sprocket hole 27A, whelp in order to engagement driving wheel in automatic system, carrying lead frames and fin by film 27, by the flowing water assembly operation, form the last adapter of a volume volume.This rolled-up adapter is convenient to transport safely, is convenient to distribution and uses, and the encapsulation of adapter is also relatively more cheap.Before use, cut by the interior square area shown in the dotted line 47 from diaphragm zone, Cape Town 27.

Referring to Fig. 4, adapter 10 every hem width degree E(see Fig. 3) be about 1.1 ", it is formed after paring off frame 40 by lead frames 38.Pin 26 penetrates in the aperture 44 of the aperture 24 of insulating material 18 and lead frames 38 fixing.These pins press fit among the aperture 24, and in these Kong Zhongyu conductive unit 12 contacts.Prevent that as the flange 49 of an integral part of each pin 26 pin 26 from producing stress when crooked on conductive unit 12.Each conductive unit 12 all links to each other on electric with a pin 26.By diameter about 0.082 " opening 48, at aperture 44 places, pin 26 also can be welded on the conductive unit 12 by scolder 48.By being bonded to the dielectric film 27 on conductive unit 12 and the fin 28, fin 28 is fixed under the lead-in wire join domain 46 of conductive unit 12.Pin 26 is that length H is about 0.25 " the thin bar of real core that can be held by the aperture in the printed panel of circuit element or the socket.

Referring to Fig. 5, shown among the figure that degree of depth G is about 0.05 on adapter 10 bottom surfaces " the position of stand-off 52.These stand-offs be used for guaranteeing adapter 10 in use correctly the location.Just, after the pin 26 of adapter 10 inserts in the bar printing plate, the bottom surface of adapter 10 (lower face) 51 will exceed the upper surface 0.05 of printed panel ".

Referring to Fig. 6 and 7, fin 28 simultaneously also as the base of cartridge chip 30, has four diameters to be about 0.032 " aperture 58.These four apertures 58 are used in manufacture process fin 28 being located with respect to lead frames 38.Aperture 58 can be used to fin 28 attached on the dielectric film 27, and the another side of film 27 then adheres to lead frames 38.Fin 28 is preferably square, so that bigger surf zone is provided under lower-cost situation.Breach 56 is formed at the core on each limit of fin, so that when fin 28 is molded in the adapter 10, helps fin 28 is locked on the position.

In another embodiment shown in Fig. 7 A, between each row's pin 26, be provided with a string tack pin holes 52.53 of tack pin holes are used for assisting the mold pressing of adapter, because they can eliminate pressure in mold process, reduce the possibility of adapter warpage.

Lead frames 38 is by thick about 0.006 " 102 copper alloys of 1/2 hardness (if be used for two-sided lead frames, be to obtain bigger mechanical strength and improved electrology characteristic, thickness can constitute with 0.012 ").On the metal of 12 " * 16 ", make a cover lead frames, each lead frames separates 0.012 " wide gap.Lead frames can be 0.002 with side direction etching coefficient (speed) " the standard etch technology make, perhaps also can be stamped to form by a sheet metal.The welding position that is preferably in lead frames coats at least 0.0002 " thick acid bright tin forms at this at the line of regional 46(and chip) coat the thick gold of at least 0.0001 " thick nickel and 0.00005 ".

Referring to Fig. 8 and 8A.Fill out plastics with a mould (not shown) in the interval between each conductive unit 12 with electric insulation.Best, this mould has projection along the inside edge 16 of lead frames 38.Then, a plastic tube 43 is passed inside edge 16, adopt traditional molding process, be commonly referred to first molding process, insulating material is injected 12A at interval.Remove along the inside edge 16 unnecessary plastics 45, lead frames 38 is seated on the Cape Town film 27.Utilize aperture 42 correctly lead frames to be aimed at, with the hole 47 centrally aligned (see figure 3)s of lead frames 38 with film 27.Will be as the Cape Town film 27 of adhesive layer and lead frames 38 heating, the fusing binding agent, with lead frames 38 attached on the Cape Town film 27.Following step is called second molding process in the manufacture craft.In this step, fin 28 is attached on the lead frames 38, ambroin be molded in lead frames 38, film 27 and fin 28 around.

The 110E.T.P copper alloy of fin 28 employings have 0.002 " standard etch techniques of side etching coefficient (speed) is about 0.02 from thickness ", 1/2 hardness is made, perhaps by being stamped to form.They are made on the thin slice of 12 " * 16 ", have 0.05 between sheet and the sheet " the interval." acid bright tin, the weld around aperture 58 is coated at least 0.0001 " nickel and 0.00005 " gold to coat at least 0.0002 on the copper.

Utilize a mould that lead frames 38 and fin 28 are molded among the electric insulation plastics LCP, this mould on the aperture 44 of lead frames 38 and under ledge is arranged, utilize these ledges that the aperture 58 of the aperture 42 of lead frames and fin 28 is remained on the appropriate location.For with conductive unit and fin electric insulation, allow the zone between fin 28 and conductive unit 12 to fill with plastics.Perhaps, can before second molding process, electric insulation Cape Town film be set between fin 28 and lead frames 38.In addition, mould has prevented that plastics from piling up near on the fin, within the inside edge of adapter and the zone the interior outer edge of each conductive unit 12, as shown in Figure 3.

After molded, the skeleton frame 40 of lead frames 38 is isolated with conductive unit 12 electricity, so that can test, to test the electric independence of each conductive unit 12.Wash away a bit ofly on each conductive unit 12, the net slice that stays film 27 is with supporting wire base 38, thus base 40 and conductive unit 12 isolated.Pin 26 penetrates each aperture 24 and 44 then, respectively shown in Fig. 2 and 3.Every pin relies on frictional fit to be fixed on the position, and welding is to contact with conductive unit 12.Perhaps, before inserting pin, utilize a test pins to carry out electrical inspection.At last, chip 30 and cover plate 37 are placed on the fin 28, and the bonding location.Above-described one advantage that rolls the mode of doing is, the adapter of making just can carry out the test of electrical continuity in the time of can be on film 27.Bad adapter can be removed from film 27, and other adapter then goes ahead.

In a kind of alternative method shown in Fig. 9 and the 9A, lead frames 38 and fin 28 are molded separately, link together by going out ledge 28A in fin 28 molded about then.Also show a cover plate 68 among the figure, be used to be seated on the chip 30, move, and protect it not to be subjected to such environmental effects to prevent chip.

Following will be in greater detail among another embodiment, pin can insert before mold pressing in the lead frames, then pin and lead frames was put into one and was had and be suitable for admitting the hole of pin and lead frames and the mould of groove.Can also settle a fin rightly.After having placed, put one second mould around the lead frames.The adapter that obtains so partly illustrates in Fig. 4 A.

Above-described manufacture method can be used for producing the device of described adapter and so on, also can be used for producing most of existing adapters and socket, for example, and those adapters and socket described in aforementioned " advanced interconnection ".Particularly, this method can be used to make the adapter that is used for chip surface and installs, plastic moulding pin grid array, capacitor decoupling socket, the leadless chip carrier that is used for packaged chip, and in fact, all available above-described method of almost any circuit is molded.This method also can be used to produce the device that has conductive lead wire that is formed by a lead frames, and conductive lead wire can be attached to the outer edge surface of adapter along molded plastics bending, rather than the upper surface of adapter.The device of producing like this can use the mode the same with corresponding prior art device to use.

Other embodiment is also within the claims scope.For example as shown in figure 10, adapter can be constructed like this: allow conductive unit 12 expose enough parts, so that be welded on the J-lead chip carrier 72.Like this, the J-lead 72 of chip 72 just is connected electrically on the conductive unit 12, links a bar printing plate by pin 26 then.Another embodiment that in Figure 10 A and 10B, has shown adapter, this adapter has sidewall 74, sidewall 74 has prevented that J-lead from touching more than one conductive unit 12, has prevented that solder flux is diffused on another conductive unit from a conductive unit, can also butt welding point check.Adopt above-described method of the present invention, be easy to just can construct the adapter that can hold the lead-in wire of other shape on the chip.

Referring to Figure 11.In the exploded view of Figure 11, shown a dual inline type IC socket 100.Have one to be molded in the electrical insulating material polyethylene fibre (94V-O of C130U.L.) in the socket 100, this material has aperture 106(diameter and is about 0.057 "), and pin 107,108 inserts in this aperture.Have two diameters to be about 0.056 on the lead frames 102 " pin holes 110, pin 108 passes this two apertures.After pin 108 inserts adapter 100 fully, it with regard to contact lead-wire base 102(shown in Figure 12,13).A hollow section 111 is arranged at every pin top, and IC dual in-line package (D.I.P.) or other circuit element can be linked this hollow section.In addition, a chip capacitor 112 that has zone 113,114 also is provided, after electric capacity 112 is placed in the receiver hole 118, zone 113,114, by the end 120 and 122 of contact lead-wire base 102 respectively, two zones 115 of lead frames 102 are linked to each other on electric with 116; Ledge 117 is applicable to and makes capacitance sheet 112 aim at the location, to prevent capacitance sheet 112 crooked or off-center in welding; At the slit 119(of socket 100 lower surfaces Figure 12) be that a horizontal stripe that forms in the mould of this socket forms, this root horizontal stripe has prevented that lead frames 102 is bent because of the plastics that flow to mould.

Referring to Figure 11 A, show in detail pin holes 110 zone on every side among the figure.One side of lead frames 116 is exposed in the air, thereby can be fixed on pin 108 on the position with a support facility, and can check any solder joint that forms easily here.

Referring to Figure 12 to 14.The pin 108 that length is about 0.3 ", and top, body and tail diameter are respectively 0.072 ", 0.52 " and 0.020 " 124 forms electric the contact with lead frames 102 in the shadow region.These pins 2 interconnect by lead frames 102 and electric capacity 112, as shown in Figure 15.Figure 13,14 and 15 is respectively the cutaway view at transversal C-C, A-A and B-B place among Figure 12, and Figure 14 A is the cutaway view at transversal D-D place among Figure 14.

In Figure 16, shown the thing that lead frames 102 is initial.This lead frames has one section pontic 130 between zone 115 and 116.Behind molded-in lead frames, this section pontic is removed, and with electric capacity 112 these two zones is electrically connected.Lead frames 102 is that the hardness with thickness ", scribble 0.0002 " the acid bright tin that is 0.015 is that 1/2 copper alloy is made.Its length J is about 1 " (figure draws in proportion).Also have two openings 121 in the lead frames 115, they help molded-in lead frames 115.

The manufacturing of socket 100 and above-mentioned adapter 10 are similar, and it is that lead frames 102 is placed in the mould, go up in place to form aperture 106.Just from mould, take out plastic components then, then prescind pontic 130, electric capacity 112 is solded in the lead frames 102.Then pin 108 is filled in aperture 106 and 110.Use similar process, the pin 107 of possibility texturing is filled in the remaining aperture 106.

Adopt said method also can produce multi-layered devices.To there be the lead frames of appropriate shape folded mutually each other, and carry out electricity by one deck Cape Town film each other between each base and isolate, be placed on then in the mold cavity, produce a molded multilayer lead frames.Between adjacent circuit, get a clearance hole by molded back, also can in one plane form three or more circuit.

For example, arrive 17D referring to Figure 17.Adapter 200 has an array and the corresponding lead frames 204,206 and 208 that three groups of pins 200 are formed.These lead frames have an aperture 210,212 and 214 at least respectively, the size of aperture just in time can with pin, for example pin 216,218 and 220 pressure fitted.Also have aperture 222 on the lead frames 206,208, its size design must make the pin of other lead frames of contact not contact with this lead frames.Lead frames is packed, makes that the electric conducting material of lead frames stretches in the aperture of adapter around the aperture 210,212 and 214 only, so just can contact with 220 with pin 216,218.The lead-in wire 228,230 that has bigger hole is covered by the encapsulating material that forms adapter, and is isolated with electric conducting material on every side than the pin of macropore passing.Figure 17 D is the cutaway view at transversal A-A place among Figure 17 B, there is shown the texturing part of the pin 220 that locks onto lead-in wire 230.

Owing to be provided with annular solder flux circle, made things convenient for being connected of above-mentioned lead frames and pin and other computer hardware.For example, above-mentioned pin has been equipped with annular solder flux circle 224, and the solder flux snare and can be fixed in the annular groove 232 on the lead-in wire 226,228 and 230 of lead frames 204,206 and 208.Utilize annular solder flux circle 224 that the lead-in wire 226,228 and 230 of lead frames is welded on the lead-in wire of printed circuit board (PCB) 234.The mating holes that end 226,228 and 230 penetrates on the circuit board 234, and after preforming solder flux snare goes on the groove 232, whole adapter and circuit board are put into a stove, with the fusing solder flux.Another kind of form (Figure 17 C) is to form the solder flux attachment on the upper surface 236 of circuit board 237.Can be when carrying out mounted on surface, be placed on the corresponding solder joint of circuit board in end 226,228 and 230 before, annular solder flux circle 224 is fixed in the groove 232.Perhaps, the go between mode of available wave soldering is welded.The most handy stand-off 52 improves adapter 200, leaves circuit board 237.

Referring to Figure 18 to 20.There is shown various types of solder flux attachments.Figure 18 illustrates a kind of annular solder flux circle 238 that has first 240 and second portion 242, the internal diameter of first 240 is little than second portion 242.The power that makes progress that is added on the pin 246 is done the time spent by shoulder 250, and less part 240 embeds in the groove 244 of pin 246.Lower surface 248 under the groove 244, its diameter is littler than the diameter of shoulder 250.

Referring to Figure 18 A, there is shown situation with above-mentioned annular welds agent circle welding pin.Annular ring 238(Figure 18) groove 272 places attached to pin 270 on.This sub-assembly is put into a baking oven that is in first temperature then, makes solder flux flow through aperture 280 along the groove (not shown) on the pin 270, pin 270 and adapter 282 are electrically connected and are sealed.Then, add one second annular solder flux circle 274 being positioned at adapter 278 pins 276 lower parts.This sub-assembly is put into the baking oven that is in a certain temperature, and this temperature makes the solder flux fusion in the annular ring 274 flow, and the solder flux of annular ring 238 does not then fuse, thereby pin 276 is linked to each other with adapter 278.The male end 284 of pin 270 is put into the female end 286 of pin 276, pin 270 is linked to each other with 276.Pin 276 has metal spring leaf 288, and it can prevent that terminal 284 from leaving terminal 286.Solder flux does not flow on the male plug pin 284.

Referring to Figure 19 and 19A.After in a groove of the pin 294 of clamp-oning LCC adapter (PKG), annular solder flux circle 290 pressurizations are formed a lower ridge 292.By annular solder flux circle 290 is melted on the lead frames 296, pin 294 is welded on the lead frames 296 then.

In other embodiment of adapter of the present invention, also can be electrically connected a leadless chip carrier.For example referring to Figure 20 and 20A.Adapter 300 has one leaded 302 lead frames among the figure.By being placed on solder flux 305 in the groove 306 and making it to melt and will go between and 302 link on the nothing lead-in wire core carrier (JEDEC B, C and D) that has an electric end points 304.

In mould pressing process, not only can carry out mold pressing around a lead frames, can also carry out mold pressing around the lead frames that has the pin that has inserted.This mould pressing process needs a different mould to every type the pin that is adopted, but it will be saved time and the labour with respect to the technology of inserting pin after mold pressing.Yet when only in the mold pressing on every side of an independent lead frames, the pin of any kind can both be used.

Utilize " lead pin ", and, also can form adapter of the present invention without lead frames.Lead pin provides the conductive unit of lead frames, and the pin of electrical connection also is provided simultaneously.Like this, lead pin has possessed many advantages of lead frames, in addition, can make adapter from molded plastics, and pin and relevant elements are afterwards in the inserted mode system plastics.These molded plastics adapters can be equipped with eccentric thrust, and the bulge that prevents the electric contact between two lead pin.In addition, when adapter was molded, the jack of pin can be the pattern of any needs, and they can be the little sectional hole patterns of standard, also can be the required new pattern of any special purpose.For example, gull wing device can be linked on the adapter of the present invention that is formed by lead pin and molded plastics.

Referring to Figure 21.There is shown an adapter 310 that is used to install a gull wing circuit.The array in the hole that gets out or extrude 314 that adapter 310 comprises thick about 0.62 " plexiglas lamination sheet 312, have diameter on the lamination sheet and be approximately 0.018 ".Aperture 314 arrange be configured for installing the terminal pin of circuit lead-in wire 316 do not overlap each other.On lamination sheet 312, can form molded rib, lead-in wire 316 be separated helping.

Referring to Figure 21 A and 21B, the lead pin 318 of one of lead-in wire 316 that is used to form adapter 310 shown in the figure.Lead pin 318 enters in the lamination sheet 312 along neck 320 interference fits.Shoulder 322 is as a stopper.Lead pin 318 is inserted after the lamination sheet 312, and scalariform solder flux cover layer part 324 along arrow 326 indicated direction bendings, is formed lead-in wire 316.Because the scalariform part 324 of cover part is formed for being tight against the barrier 327 of an end of chip, on the position that it is used for chip is kept.A kind of scalariform solder flux cover part 325 of replacement has been shown in Figure 21 D.Such solder flux cover part is used as the end leads of lamination sheet 312 each side.If desired, lead-in wire 316 can adhere on the lamination sheet 312 with Cape Town or epoxy resin.Lead pin can be made by punching press or etch process.

Referring to Figure 21 C, in another embodiment, scalariform solder flux cover part 324 produces a hook-shaped end 328.

Each side of lamination sheet 312 has three row's lead pin 318.In three row figure of a side of lamination sheet 312, be designated as R, R and R.The lead pin 318 of a row R preferably prebended before inserting lamination sheet 312 in the middle of being pressed in, and formed elbow, made the interval of the lead pin 318 of stretching out from lamination sheet 312 equate, was about 0.100 ", shown in Figure 21 B.Preferably allow lead pin 318 under lamination sheet 312, stretch out 0.160 ".

Arrive 22D referring to Figure 22.There is shown the lead pin 330 that in an alternative embodiment, is used for inserting in the skew ranks aperture 331 that is formed at expoxy glass lamination sheet 332.Lead pin 330 comprises a flat solder flux cover layer part 334, and after inserting aperture 331, cover layer 334 is along arrow 336 indicated direction bendings.Available epoxy or Cape Town adhere to cover layer 334 on the lamination sheet 332.Uncinus 338 under cover layer 334 inserts aperture 331 back (Figure 22 B) frictional fit and 332 driving fits of lamination sheet.Lead pin 330 along row's aperture 331 has a shoulder shape block 340, and it moves the terminal of pin 330, thereby has compensated the off normal of aperture 331, aligns with the terminal of pin in the adjacent ranks.

Referring to Figure 23 and 23C.In order to help that gull wing chip 420 is welded on the adapter 422, adopted a spider shape device 424.Gull wing chip 420 has and connects lead-in wire 426, and lead-in wire 426 will be welded on the lead-in wire 428 of lead frames 430.Adapter 422 has ridge 432 between each root lead-in wire 428, to prevent lead short circuit.Between spider shape device 424 and connection lead-in wire 426, put one deck Cape Town 433, it has stoped direct contact of metallic elastic spider shape pin 434 with lead-in wire 426.This layer Cape Town can be by one deck Cape Town 436 that directly is attached to every spider shape pin 434 ends or other suitable insulator, and for example epoxide-resin glue replaces, shown in Figure 23 A.Put a slice Cape Town above the every connecting line 426, then, a spider shape leg contacts with this Cape Town.Spider shape device 424 constitute such as stainless steel, thereby the pressure that is added on its upper surface 440 can be passed to leg 434, and pressure is directly acted on downwards on the lead-in wire 426 that is positioned at its end 442, shown in arrow 444 by a kind of elastomeric material.Like this, lead-in wire 426 can not open and disengages with lead frames 430, perhaps moves and runs into adjacent lead-in wire.This spider shape device 424 has just guaranteed contacting of gull wing lead-in wire and lead frames upper conductor like this.The Cape Town layer can be replaced by the insulating paint that sprays, hides or be immersed on spider shape leg 434 ends.

Referring to Figure 24, spider shape leg 448 is along its length direction bifurcated, and it is used for spider shape device 424 is remained on the printed substrate (not shown).Top uncinus 450 and bottom uncinus 452 are formed at the both sides of leg 448, up and down the neck 453 that equates with the thickness of printed substrate across a length between the uncinus.When leg 448 inserted in the hole of printed substrates, bottom uncinus 452 was compressed in opposite directions, and is pressed on the bottom of printed panel.As spider shape device 424 being thrown off from printed substrate, then the top uncinus is forced together, thereby throw off bottom uncinus 452.Spider shape device is by hook road 454 enhancings along the device edge.

Another example of the adapter that is formed by lead pin and molded plastics has been shown among Figure 25 and the 25A, has there is shown one and be installed in overlooking and upward view of surperficial multi-tap 500.This multi-tap 500 comprises lead pin 502, and pin is contained on the moulded insulation body plate.Lead pin 502 is installed along three rows of each side of socket 500.Each row staggers mutually, makes each end lead-in wire 504 of lead pin 502 keep electricity to isolate (shown in Figure 25 A) with adjacent legs.The pontic (not shown) of insulating material can be molded between the lead pin 502, to keep the electric independence of every lead pin.

Referring to Figure 25 B to 25D.The uncinus 506 of lead pin 502 is by aperture 510 driving fits in frictional fit and the insulator 512.Lead pin 502 can be used standard punching press or etch process manufacturing.Aperture can be gone out, perhaps molded forming in the manufacture process of insulator 502.The solder flux cover part 514 that has an aperture 516 of lead pin 502 be bent with insulator 512 in adjacent aperture 518(Figure 25 D) aim at.A contact pin 520 is pressed into aperture 516 and 518 shown in arrow 522 among Figure 25 D, the aperture 516 with solder flux cover part 514 remains in position thus.Contact pin 520 preferably is coated with the soil gold, electrically contacts with enhancing.Contact pin 520 has finger element 521, is used for clamping male end parts (not shown).Aperture 516 preferably has a bulge that is molded into 523 in its bottom.This bulge 523 opens finger piece 521 slightly after contact pin 520 inserts.Open finger piece 521 makes and can common unit deeper be pushed in the contact pin 520 with less power.After lead pin 502 is contained on the insulator 512 securely, hold lead-in wire 504 outer edge bending towards insulator 512 shown in arrow 524.

Referring to Figure 25 E, there is shown the example of the gull wing chip 524 that installs to an adapter 526.Adapter 526 has end pin 528, and it stretches down from adapter 526, is fixed in the contact pin 520.End pin 528 also can be soldered on the contact plug-in 520.Thereby each end lead-in wire 504 is electrically connected with the terminal 530 of gull wing chip 524.

Above-described adapter has several advantages.Adapter makes and a bar printing wiring board can be soldered on the socket, will be installed in a gull wing chip on the adapter then and insert this socket.The terminal of socket can be gull wing chip and designs especially.

Referring to Figure 26, in another embodiment, loaded onto piece fin 602 on the adapter 600, the zone of fin 602 extend through pins 604 (has hole 606, to prevent and the electrically contacting of pin), and exceed moulded plastic ring 608, and form a borderline region that stretches out 610, stretch out about 1-2mm from plastic hoop 608.As required, can be on fin 602 brazing filler metal or rivet a crown cap 612.On the other hand, shown in Figure 26 A, crown cap 612 can have a unci 614, is used for hooking borderline region 610 securely, thereby forms an adapter that has a firm crown cap.Stand-off 616 has prevented that fin 602 from contacting with printed substrate.Between plastics 622, lid 612 and fin 602, and in the zone of chip 624, be provided with silicone rubber seal sheet 618,620.These diaphragm seals stop aqueous vapor to arrive chip 624, can be arranged on any zone that may lead to outside air.Because lid 612 can be by being fastened on the fin 602, and firmly and tightly be fixed on around the chip 624, formed like this and be suitable for military installation, or the adapter that is adapted at using in the space environment.Because chip 624 is surrounded by layer of metal, this adapter has an additional advantage, can increase heat diffusion.

Referring to Figure 27,28 and 29, there is shown make a mold pressing lead frames and form with a J-shaped chip 628 firmly and the another kind of method that links of the welding of being convenient to observe.Lead frames 630 is equipped with the lead-in wire 632 of elongation, and about 90 ° of lead-in wire 632 bendings make and can link to each other with J-lead 634 by solder flux 636.Shown in Figure 27 A, solder flux 636 forms the bar of arranging along the side of chip 628.In heating process, solder flux 636 is melted on the lead frames 630, will go between and chip interconnect.

Referring to Fig. 4 A, 28 and 29,, preferably provide a kind of lead frames 650 of before mold pressing, welding or press fit over locational pin 652 that has for the adapter shown in shop drawings 4A and 27.Have hole 655 and groove 657 on the independent plastic mould pressing spare 653, make lead frames 650 and corresponding pin 652 can be installed in this moulded parts, and every lead-in wire relies on the plastics and the adjacent legs of moulded parts to separate.Lead frames 650 adheres on this moulded parts then, cuts shown in the window frame 654(arrow A), stay lead-in wire and be in the moulded parts.Around first moulded parts 653, lead-in wire and pin, form one second moulded parts 659 then.As shown in Figure 27, if necessary, but stretch out outside the moulded parts bottom 656 of reserved lead (being attached to window frame 654).Fin 28 also is molded into a suitable position.Be bent upwards terminal 656 about 90 ° then, make a J-lead chip can fall into groove 658, and be welded on the terminal 656.

Other embodiment is also within the scope of following claim.For example, lead pin can be linked on the lead-in wire of chip piece, thereby conducting element can be connected electrically on the printed wire.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of lead frames, it is applicable to chip is connected in the adapter or socket of the circuit board that circuit element is housed, it is characterized in that it comprises:

A base and a circuit,

Described circuit comprises a plurality of conductive units,

Described conductive unit is maintained on its position by described base, and each described conductive unit comprises a zone in conductive unit, and this zone is applicable to links described conductive unit with a pin, so that described conductive unit and described circuit board are electrically connected,

Described lead frames can be molded in the insulating material, and through finishing, stays the conductive unit that is electrically isolated from one another.

2, a kind of molded-in lead frames, it is characterized in that, it comprises the lead frames that has moulded insulation around as claimed in claim 1, described lead frames has opening in described material, described lead frames is applicable to the admittance pin, so that each described conductive unit is linked to each other with described circuit board.

3, molded-in lead frames as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described conductive unit stretches out from described insulating material, is suitable for crooked about 90 ° so that can with the J-lead chips welding.

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