CN104280698A - Magnetic field measurement device - Google Patents
Magnetic field measurement device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104280698A CN104280698A CN201310286665.9A CN201310286665A CN104280698A CN 104280698 A CN104280698 A CN 104280698A CN 201310286665 A CN201310286665 A CN 201310286665A CN 104280698 A CN104280698 A CN 104280698A
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Abstract
The invention provides a magnetic field measurement device. The magnetic field measurement device comprises a probe, amplifiers and a processor, wherein the probe is used for inducting a measured magnetic field and obtaining voltage signals, the amplifiers are used for amplifying the voltage signals to obtain voltage amplifying signals, and the processor is used for obtaining the characteristic and the wave shape of the measured magnetic field according to the voltage amplifying signals; a GMR magnetic sensor formed by giant magnetoresistive thin films with the giant magnetoresistive effect is adopted in the probe. The dynamic measurement range of the magnetic field measurement device can reach 80 dB, the bandwidth of the magnetic field measurement device can reach 2 MHz, and the magnetic field measurement device is high in sensitivity and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic field measuring device.
Background technology
Gaussmeter and fluxmeter are two kinds of magnetic field measuring devices common on market, and, because gaussmeter is simple to operate, the higher application of precision is more extensive.The gaussmeter great majority sold in the market are the measurements carrying out magnetic field intensity based on Hall effect principle, namely adopt Hall element as the measuring sonde of gaussmeter.Be limited to material and the characteristic of Hall element, measuring sonde adopts direct measuring type Hall voltage sensor usually.But the survey frequency of direct measuring type Hall voltage sensor is not more than 50kHz in theory, the survey frequency of commercially available high-end gaussmeter is no more than 30kHz, and range of dynamic measurement is no more than 70dB, and price is high.For normal Gaussian meter, although on the low side, survey frequency is 50Hz or 60Hz substantially, and frequency span is at below 2kHz.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is exactly the above-mentioned defect existed in measuring for magnetic field intensity, and provide a kind of magnetic field measuring device, its measuring accuracy is high, range of dynamic measurement and measurement bandwidth, and cost is low.
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of magnetic field measuring device, comprising:
Probe, for responding to tested magnetic field and the voltage signal obtained;
Amplifier, obtains voltage amplification signal for being amplified by described voltage signal;
Processor, for the characteristic in tested magnetic field according to described voltage amplification signal acquisition and the waveform in described tested magnetic field;
The GMR Magnetic Sensor that described probe adopts the giant magnetoresistive thin film with giant magnetoresistance effect to be formed.
Wherein, the characteristic in described tested magnetic field comprises the frequency of the intensity of D.C. magnetic field, the intensity of AC magnetic field and AC magnetic field.
Wherein, described amplifier comprises:
Precision amplifier, it is for amplifying described voltage signal, to obtain accurate amplification voltage signal;
Controllable amplifier, it is for being amplified within the measurement dynamic range needed for described processor further by described accurate amplification voltage signal, to obtain described voltage amplification signal.
Wherein, described precision amplifier comprises amplifier INA322, the first resistance R65, the second resistance R66 and the first electric capacity C47, the two ends of described first resistance R65 meet pin RG0 and the pin REF of described amplifier INA322 respectively, the two ends of described second resistance R66 meet pin RG0 and the pin VO of described amplifier INA322 respectively, the two ends difference ground connection of described first electric capacity C47 and the pin REF of described amplifier INA322.
Wherein, described controllable amplifier comprises: analog switch U11, operational amplifier U8A, low-pass filter circuit, the 4th resistance R76 and the 5th resistance R77, the positive input of described operational amplifier U8A and output terminal are respectively as the input end of described controllable amplifier and output terminal, the pin NO of described analog switch U11 connects the reverse input end of described operational amplifier U8A, between the reverse input end that described low-pass filter circuit is located at described operational amplifier U8A and output terminal, the two ends of described 4th resistance R76 connect pin COM and the ground of described analog switch U11 respectively; The two ends of described 5th resistance R77 connect control end IN and the ground of described analog switch U11 respectively.
Wherein, also comprise real effective unit, it comprises:
True effective value converting circuit, it for extracting from described voltage amplification signal and the voltage amplification signal corresponding to alternating compenent in described tested magnetic field, and is converted into real effective voltage signal;
Filtering circuit, it is for filtering described real effective voltage signal, with filtering high frequency noise;
Real effective processing module, it obtains the real effective in described tested magnetic field according to the described real effective voltage signal after filtration.
Wherein, described true effective value converting circuit comprises the second analog switch U10 and the 3rd electric capacity C49, the two ends of described 3rd electric capacity C49 connect input end IN2 and the ground of described second analog switch U10 respectively, described 3rd electric capacity C49 adopts the electric capacity of 0.1 μ F, and described second analog switch U10 adopts Linear Tech's model to be the analog switch of LT1968.
Wherein, also comprise memory module, for storing the characteristic in tested magnetic field, the waveform in described tested magnetic field and described real effective.
Wherein, also comprise:
Display unit, for the waveform of the characteristic and described tested magnetic field that show described tested magnetic field;
Control module, for the man-machine communication between operator and magnetic field measuring device;
Power supply unit, for providing electric energy for magnetic field measuring device.
Wherein, described display unit is liquid crystal indicator or CRT display device.
Wherein, described power supply unit is accumulator or AC power.
Wherein, also comprise:
Charhing unit, for charging to described accumulator;
Power Management Unit, provides electric energy for controlling described accumulator and controls described charge in batteries.
Wherein, also comprise:
USB communication interface, for communication between magnetic field measuring device and host computer.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
The GMR Magnetic Sensor that magnetic field measuring device provided by the invention utilizes the giant magnetoresistive thin film with giant magnetoresistance effect to be formed is probe, and the range of dynamic measurement of GMR Magnetic Sensor can reach 80dB, and bandwidth can reach 2MHz, and highly sensitive, and cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the present embodiment magnetic field measuring device;
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention precision amplifier schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention controllable amplifier schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is embodiment of the present invention real effective circuit conversion schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is embodiment of the present invention filtering circuit schematic diagram.
Embodiment
For making those skilled in the art understand technical scheme of the present invention better, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, magnetic field measuring device provided by the invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of embodiment of the present invention magnetic field measuring device.As shown in Figure 1, the magnetic field measuring device that the present embodiment provides comprises probe 1, amplifier 2 and processor 3.Wherein, the GMR Magnetic Sensor that probe 1 adopts the giant magnetoresistive thin film with giant magnetoresistance effect to be formed, for responding to tested magnetic field and the voltage signal obtained.The range of dynamic measurement of GMR Magnetic Sensor can reach 80dB, bandwidth 2MHz, and highly sensitive, and linear characteristic is good, superior performance, and cost is low.
Amplifier 2 amplifies for the voltage signal obtained by probe 1, to obtain voltage amplification signal.Processor 3 is according to the characteristic in tested magnetic field and the waveforms in tested magnetic field such as the frequencies of the intensity of voltage amplification signal acquisition such as D.C. magnetic field, the intensity of AC magnetic field and AC magnetic field.
Amplifier 2 comprises precision amplifier 21 and controllable amplifier 22.Wherein, precision amplifier 21 also becomes low noise amplifier, and it amplifies for the voltage signal obtained by probe 1, and converts single-ended signal output to, i.e. accurate amplification voltage signal.As shown in Figure 2, precision amplifier 21 comprises amplifier INA322, the first resistance R65, the second resistance R66 and the first electric capacity C47, the two ends of the first resistance R65 meet pin RG0 and the pin REF of amplifier INA322 respectively, the two ends of the second resistance R66 meet pin RG0 and the pin VO of amplifier INA322 respectively, the two ends difference ground connection of the first electric capacity C47 and the pin REF of amplifier INA322.The pin VO of amplifier INA322 is the output terminal of precision amplifier 21, exports accurate amplification voltage signal VO1.
Amplifier INA322 adopts the instrument amplifier INA322 of TI, and it can at the Vcc3va operating at voltages of 2.7V, and gain is set as minimum 5 times, and concrete enlargement factor is G=5(1+R66/R65).Under 5 times of gains, bandwidth is 500kHz, power consumption 40 μ A.The pin REF of instrument amplifier INA322 is coupled to vcom=1/2Vcc3va, in order to lift the midpoint potential of voltage signal VO1 to 1/2Vcc.Accurate amplification voltage signal VO1 after amplification is delivered to controllable amplifier 22 by high-precision amplifying 21.
The size of the voltage signal that controllable amplifier 22 obtains according to probe 1 and the measurement range of processor 3, the accurate amplification voltage signal amplified by precision amplifier 21 is amplified within the measurement dynamic range needed for processor 3 further, to obtain voltage amplification signal.The measurement range of processor 3 is determined by the A/D sample circuit in it.During use, the enlargement factor of controllable amplifier 22 can be arranged by processor 3.Controllable amplifier 22 can adopt PGA, but the noise of PGA, power consumption and cost are all higher.Therefore, in actual applications, controllable amplifier 22 can adopt the combination of lower-cost analog switch and operational amplifier.
As shown in Figure 3, controllable amplifier 22 comprises analog switch U11, operational amplifier U8A, low-pass filter circuit, the 4th resistance R76 and the 5th resistance R77, the positive input of operational amplifier U8A and output terminal are respectively as the input end of controllable amplifier 22 and output terminal, the pin NO of analog switch U11 connects the reverse input end of operational amplifier U8A, between the reverse input end that low-pass filter circuit is located at operational amplifier U8A and output terminal, the two ends of the 4th resistance R76 connect pin COM and the ground of analog switch U11 respectively; The two ends of the 5th resistance R77 connect control end IN and the ground of analog switch U11 respectively.Low-pass filter circuit comprises resistance R76 and the second electric capacity C48, resistance R71 are in parallel with the second electric capacity C48, and resistance R71 is feedback resistance, and the second electric capacity C48 and resistance R71 forms low-pass filter circuit, and high frequency noise can be stoped to pass through.During use, between the reverse input end that resistance R76 and the second electric capacity C48 is located at operational amplifier U8A and output terminal.The in-phase input end of operational amplifier U8A connects the output terminal of precision amplifier 21, the output terminal of operational amplifier U8A as the output terminal of controllable amplifier 22, output voltage amplifying signal VO2.
The present embodiment, analog switch U11 adopts TS5A3166.Analog switch U11 and the 4th resistance R76 combine and can form 2 kinds of different resistances, and form the adjustable resistance part of controllable amplifier 22, analog switch U11 and the 5th resistance R71 can form 2 kinds of different enlargement factors.The resistance of the 4th resistance R76 selects 10k Ω, and the resistance of the 3rd resistance R71 selects 100k Ω, and the capacitance of the second electric capacity C48 selects 10pF.
As shown in Figure 1, magnetic field measuring device also comprises real effective unit, and it comprises true effective value converting circuit 41, filtering circuit 42 and real effective processing module (not shown).Wherein, true effective value converting circuit 41 extracts and voltage amplification signal corresponding to alternating compenent in tested magnetic field from the voltage amplification signal that controllable amplifier 22 exports, and is converted into real effective voltage signal.Filtering circuit 42 for filtering real effective voltage signal, with filtering high frequency noise.Real effective processing module 43 obtains the real effective in tested magnetic field according to the real effective voltage signal after filtration.Real effective processing module 43 is located in processor 3, as a part for processor 3.
Real effective circuit 41 is built by discrete device, also can be calculated by DSP device, and consider power consumption, cost and debugging complexity and consider, this example adopts special integrated device.As shown in Figure 4, true effective value converting circuit 41 comprises the second analog switch U10 and the 3rd electric capacity C49, the two ends of the 3rd electric capacity C49 connect input end IN2 and the ground of the second analog switch U10 respectively, the size of the 3rd electric capacity C49 determines the minimum frequency of input signal, 3rd electric capacity C49 adopts the electric capacity of 0.1 μ F, second analog switch U10 adopts Linear Tech's model to be the analog switch of LT1968, and bandwidth is 800kHz.The 5th pin VUT of the second analog switch U10 exports effective value signal vrms0.
As shown in Figure 5, filtering circuit 42 comprises the second operational amplifier U12B, the 7th resistance R80, the 8th resistance R81 and the 9th resistance R83, the 4th electric capacity C52, the 5th electric capacity C54 and the 6th electric capacity C55.Wherein, one end ground connection of the 4th electric capacity C52, the other end the 7th resistance R80.7th resistance R80, the 8th resistance R81 cross into node A with the 6th electric capacity C55.One termination the 4th electric capacity C52 of the 7th resistance R80, another terminated nodes A.The one terminated nodes A of the 8th resistance R81, the positive input of another termination second operational amplifier U12B.The one terminated nodes A of the 6th electric capacity C55, the output terminal of another termination second operational amplifier U12B.The reverse input end of the one termination second operational amplifier U12B of the 9th resistance R83, the output terminal of another termination second operational amplifier U12B.
In the present embodiment, the second operational amplifier U12B adopts low consumed power operational amplifier, and as OPA2314, the 7th resistance R80 and the 8th resistance R81 is 10k, and the 9th resistance R83 is 20 Ω, and the 4th electric capacity C52 and the 6th electric capacity C55 is 1uF, and the 5th electric capacity C54 is 0.1uF.Real effective voltage signal after the output terminal output filtering process of the second operational amplifier U12B, and transmit it to processor 3.Processor 3 obtains the real effective in tested magnetic field according to real effective voltage signal.
As shown in Figure 1, magnetic field measuring device also comprises memory module 5, for storing the characteristic in the tested magnetic fields such as the frequency of the intensity of such as D.C. magnetic field, the intensity of AC magnetic field and AC magnetic field, and the waveform in tested magnetic field, real effective, and some configurations that magnetic field intensity is measured, as the enlargement factor etc. of controllable amplifier 22.The present embodiment memory module 5 can adopt the FLASH memory of 16Mbit.
Magnetic field measuring device also comprises display unit 6, control module 7 and power supply unit 8, and display unit 6 is for showing the characteristic in tested magnetic field and the waveforms in tested magnetic field such as the frequency of the intensity of such as D.C. magnetic field, the intensity of AC magnetic field and AC magnetic field.Control module 7 is for the man-machine communication between operator and magnetic field measuring device.Power supply unit 8 is for providing electric energy for magnetic field measuring device.The present embodiment display unit 6 adopts liquid crystal indicator (Liquid Crystal Module as graphic dot matrix pattern) or CRT display device; Control module 7 adopts button, and button can be located at liquid crystal indicator.Display unit 6 and control module 7 form interpersonal interactive interface, to select the mode of operation of magnetic field measuring device flexibly and to show measured result visually.Power supply unit 8 adopts accumulator or AC power.Accumulator can be solar cell or lithium manganate battery, as the lithium manganate battery of 18650 types.
Magnetic field measuring device also comprises charhing unit (not shown) and Power Management Unit 9.Wherein, charhing unit is used for charging to accumulator.Power Management Unit 9, for controlling accumulator, provides electric energy as controlled accumulator and controls accumulator and rechargeable solar battery, to prevent the temperature of battery in overvoltage, overcurrent and charging process too high.
Magnetic field measuring device also comprises USB communication interface 10, USB communication interface 10 for making magnetic field measuring device and upper machine communication, to transmit image data and configuration data; Also can be used for charge in batteries.USB communication interface 10 can adopt special USB integrated chip, is in the consideration of cost and circuit complexity, and this example circuit adopts the USB functional module of processor inside.
The present embodiment processor 3 for carrying out digitized processing to the amplifying signal of controllable amplifier 22, and carries out digitized processing to the real effective voltage signal that filtering circuit 8 transmission comes; And obtain the temporal pattern of the intensity of D.C. magnetic field, the intensity of AC magnetic field, the frequency of AC magnetic field and real effective, changes of magnetic field; Then transfer to display unit 6 to show, or, deliver to host computer process and display by USB communication interface 10.Processor 3 also for controlling the enlargement factor of controllable amplifier 22 according to actual needs, effectively to process field signal.Processor 3, also for the input instruction according to control module 7, is selected corresponding function, is processed signal.As, after starting power supply unit 8 by control module 7, Pwron_430 drawn high by processor 3, enters normal operating conditions, makes power supply unit 8 keep power supply; When magnetic field measuring device is in leisure state, processor 3 drags down pwron_430, and power supply unit 8 is stopped power supply, and this control mode can save the energy, reduces power consumption.The electricity of accumulator also for the voltage of periodic sample battery, and shows by processor 3 on display unit 6, the reminding user charging when the electricity of accumulator is too low.Processor 3 can adopt various types of MCU, but need ensure that there is the ADC of 2 more than 12 inside, and sampling rate is at more than 1Msps.Considering cost and power consumption, the model that the present embodiment processor 3 adopts ST company to produce is STM32L151R8T6 processor, and its inside is provided with ADC, low in energy consumption, noise is low, and can the backlight illumination of adjustment liquid-crystal apparatus of flicker free.
The GMR Magnetic Sensor that the magnetic field measuring device that the present embodiment provides utilizes the giant magnetoresistive thin film with giant magnetoresistance effect to be formed is probe, and the range of dynamic measurement of GMR Magnetic Sensor can reach 80dB, and bandwidth can reach 2MHz, and highly sensitive, and cost is low.
Be understandable that, the illustrative embodiments that above embodiment is only used to principle of the present invention is described and adopts, but the present invention is not limited thereto.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and substance in the present invention, can make various modification and improvement, these modification and improvement are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a magnetic field measuring device, comprising:
Probe, for responding to tested magnetic field and the voltage signal obtained;
Amplifier, obtains voltage amplification signal for being amplified by described voltage signal;
Processor, for the characteristic in tested magnetic field according to described voltage amplification signal acquisition and the waveform in described tested magnetic field;
It is characterized in that, the GMR Magnetic Sensor that described probe adopts the giant magnetoresistive thin film with giant magnetoresistance effect to be formed.
2. magnetic field measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the characteristic in described tested magnetic field comprises the frequency of the intensity of D.C. magnetic field, the intensity of AC magnetic field and AC magnetic field.
3. magnetic field measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described amplifier comprises:
Precision amplifier, it is for amplifying described voltage signal, to obtain accurate amplification voltage signal;
Controllable amplifier, it is for being amplified within the measurement dynamic range needed for described processor further by described accurate amplification voltage signal, to obtain described voltage amplification signal.
4. magnetic field measuring device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described precision amplifier comprises amplifier INA322, the first resistance R65, the second resistance R66 and the first electric capacity C47, the two ends of described first resistance R65 meet pin RG0 and the pin REF of described amplifier INA322 respectively, the two ends of described second resistance R66 meet pin RG0 and the pin VO of described amplifier INA322 respectively, the two ends difference ground connection of described first electric capacity C47 and the pin REF of described amplifier INA322.
5. magnetic field measuring device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described controllable amplifier comprises: analog switch U11, operational amplifier U8A, low-pass filter circuit, 4th resistance R76 and the 5th resistance R77, the positive input of described operational amplifier U8A and output terminal are respectively as the input end of described controllable amplifier and output terminal, the pin NO of described analog switch U11 connects the reverse input end of described operational amplifier U8A, between the reverse input end that described low-pass filter circuit is located at described operational amplifier U8A and output terminal, the two ends of described 4th resistance R76 connect pin COM and the ground of described analog switch U11 respectively, the two ends of described 5th resistance R77 connect control end IN and the ground of described analog switch U11 respectively.
6. magnetic field measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise real effective unit, it comprises:
True effective value converting circuit, it for extracting from described voltage amplification signal and the voltage amplification signal corresponding to alternating compenent in described tested magnetic field, and is converted into real effective voltage signal;
Filtering circuit, it is for filtering described real effective voltage signal, with filtering high frequency noise;
Real effective processing module, it obtains the real effective in described tested magnetic field according to the described real effective voltage signal after filtration.
7. magnetic field measuring device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described true effective value converting circuit comprises the second analog switch U10 and the 3rd electric capacity C49, the two ends of described 3rd electric capacity C49 connect input end IN2 and the ground of described second analog switch U10 respectively, described 3rd electric capacity C49 adopts the electric capacity of 0.1 μ F, and described second analog switch U10 adopts Linear Tech's model to be the analog switch of LT1968.
8. magnetic field measuring device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprise memory module, for storing the characteristic in tested magnetic field, the waveform in described tested magnetic field and described real effective.
9. magnetic field measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Display unit, for the waveform of the characteristic and described tested magnetic field that show described tested magnetic field;
Control module, for the man-machine communication between operator and magnetic field measuring device;
Power supply unit, for providing electric energy for magnetic field measuring device.
10. magnetic field measuring device according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described display unit is liquid crystal indicator or CRT display device.
11. magnetic field measuring devices according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described power supply unit is accumulator or AC power.
12., according to magnetic field measuring device described in claim 11, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Charhing unit, for charging to described accumulator;
Power Management Unit, provides electric energy for controlling described accumulator and controls described charge in batteries.
13. magnetic field measuring devices according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
USB communication interface, for communication between magnetic field measuring device and host computer.
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| CN105785289A (en) * | 2016-05-22 | 2016-07-20 | 南宁市茂百科技有限公司 | Portable magnetic-field detector |
| CN109932668A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-25 | 三峡大学 | Low magnetic hysteresis TMR magnetic field measuring device based on forward and reverse excitation |
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