CN104280201A - Device and method for simulating railway vehicle wheeltrack vertical coupling acting force - Google Patents
Device and method for simulating railway vehicle wheeltrack vertical coupling acting force Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and method for simulating the railway vehicle wheeltrack vertical coupling acting force. The device comprises an excitation mechanism, a traveling mechanism and a mass block, the excitation mechanism is fixed to the traveling mechanism, the mass block is arranged on the excitation mechanism, wheels of a railway vehicle are connected to the excitation mechanism, and loads are applied to steel rails located below the wheels under the action of the excitation mechanism and the mass block. The method includes the steps that the working conditions including light load, full load or overload are each simulated by arranging different mass blocks, the frequency of an exciter and the deviation distance of the mass block are adjusted, and the vibration frequency of the excitation mechanism and the acting force of the exciter reach preset values. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages of being simple in structure, high in simulation accuracy and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rail vehicle vibration-testing field, especially relate to a kind of analogue means and method of rail vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force.
Background technology
Vehicular vibration test can be divided into circuit running test and shake-table test two class.Circuit running test has test period length, costly, influence factor is many and affect the shortcomings such as circuit operation, so, laboratory model test is in widespread attention, particularly in bench run, has all done a large amount of research work in the subordinate university of the former Ministry of Railways of Japan, Germany, the U.S. and China.But build a modern full-scale rolling stock model to test, not only engineering is huge but also development cost is high, be general Study mechanism or general Study project be difficult to bear.So, adopt the model of reduced scale to carry out testing coming into one's own equally.China in Shanghai, the former Ministry of Railways in Lanzhou and Chengdu also once built the rolling rig of 1: 5 ratio, for the experimental study of dynamics of vehicle aspect directly under colleges and universities.That studies mainly contains two kinds of testing tables, rolling stock rolling rig and vehicle-track vibration testing table.The former applies the dynamics that coupling power studies vehicle to vehicle by the irregularity of roller system analog orbit, the latter establishes complete model to vehicle and track, but for the research of system dynamics under rail and rail thereof, set up comprise car body, framework, wheel to quality and one are, the complete auto model of secondary suspension rigidity and damping seems too complicated, and there is no need.Find a kind of structure simple, can seem necessary to the method and apparatus of rail system vertical coupled acting force by simulating vehicle.In prior art, the simulation for vehicle vertical coupled acting force always will set up complicated auto model, and cannot body oscillating caused by analog orbit irregularity, lacks the effective ways for the bench test of track Vertical Vibration.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly provide a kind of analogue means and method of rail vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force to overcome defect that above-mentioned prior art exists.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of analogue means of rail vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force, comprise exciting agency, traveling mechanism and mass, described exciting agency is fixed on traveling mechanism, described mass is arranged on exciting agency, the wheel of rail vehicle is connected to exciting agency, to the rail load application be positioned at below wheel under the effect of exciting agency and mass.
Described exciting agency comprises vibrator, vibrating bin, straight-line guide rail slide block, spring and suspension plate, described vibrator is arranged in vibrating bin, straight-line guide rail slide block is arranged on the side plate of vibrating bin, suspension plate is connected with the base plate of vibrating bin by spring, and the wheel of rail vehicle is fixed in suspension plate.
Described vibrator has two, and with the center line of vibrating bin for rotational symmetry is arranged, described spring is provided with 4, and rectangular shape is connected to the base plate of vibrating bin.
Described traveling mechanism comprises walking linear slider, movable motor backing plate, walking gear, two walking beams, walking frequency control motor, travel mechanism side plate, exciting agency anticreep frame, walking cant board and linear slider, described walking line slideway is fixed on walking cant board, on walking cant board, bolt is fixed with four exciting agency anticreep framves, described walking beam is connected with walking cant board, one of them walking beam connects movable motor, the output shaft of movable motor is provided with walking gear, and this walking gear engages with tooth bar.
Described mass is underloading mass, fully loaded mass or overload mass.
A kind of analogy method applying the rail vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force of said apparatus, by arranging the operating mode that different masses is simulated underloading respectively, is fully loaded with or overloads, the frequency of adjusting vibration exciter and the deflection distance of mass, make the vibration frequency of exciting agency and the acting force of vibrator reach preset value.
This analogy method comprises the simulation to dead load and the simulation two parts to dynamic load, and wherein, described dead load utilizes load mass block to simulate, and described dynamic load utilizes an exciting agency simulation.Dynamic load is the dynamic load under the long wave irregularity frequency content only considering to cause the principal element building structure sedimentation of vehicle dynamic load to produce, the Changing Pattern of described dynamic load is sinusoidal curve Fsin (wt+ ψ), the Vehicular vibration frequency that the long wave irregularity that described w produces corresponding to building structure sedimentation causes, described F is the dynamic load component of respective frequencies.
The computing method of the Vehicular vibration frequency w that the long wave irregularity that building structure sedimentation produces causes and the dynamic load component F of respective frequencies: the train simplified mathematical model adopting secondary suspension damping device, one be, secondary suspension is reduced to elastic damping system, its value is k
1and c
1, k
2and c
2; Take turns and all mass is reduced to, wherein m to, bogie and car body
1analog wheel is to quality, m
2simulation bogie quality, m
3simulation car body mass; y
ifor reference frame, correspond respectively to the equipoise of each quality; P is the acting force between wheel track, assuming that the weight uniformity of car body distribute to each take turns right, desirable m
1take turns quality, m for single
2for bogie quality 1/2nd, m
3for 1/4th of car body mass.
Usual car body is all symmetrical at vertical and horizontal, ignore waving and the impact of the effect of nodding of spring effect between wheel track and car body, the vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force so acted on two one steel rails is equal, so this device only simulates the rail vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force on an one steel rail.Simulation to dead load and the simulation two parts to dynamic load are comprised to the simulation of rail vehicle vertical coupled acting force, the entirety deadweight of described dead load exciting agency and mass are simulated, the Changing Pattern of described dynamic load is sinusoidal curve Fsin (wt+ ψ), utilizes inertial exciter to simulate dynamic load.State in realization in the process of method, one has 3 masses, after exciting agency adds mass one, just be equivalent to deadweight when vehicle underloading, the deadweight of vehicle full load is just equivalent to after adding mass two, deadweight during overload of vehicle is just equivalent to, so just 3 kinds of conventional operating modes of energy analogue measurement after adding mass three.Compared with prior art, the present invention can coupling power between accurate simulation wheel and rail, for correlation test provides safeguard.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that device of the present invention is arranged in monorail track system;
Fig. 2 is exciting agency schematic diagram in device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is traveling mechanism schematic diagram in device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of analogue means of rail vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force, comprise exciting agency, traveling mechanism and three be respectively used to simulate underloading, the mass 3 of fully loaded or overload operating mode, exciting agency is fixed on traveling mechanism, mass 3 is arranged on exciting agency by set bolt 2, the wheel of rail vehicle is connected to exciting agency, to rail 1 load application be positioned at below wheel under the effect of exciting agency and mass 3.
The structure of exciting agency as shown in Figure 2, comprises two vibrators 9, vibrating bin, straight-line guide rail slide block 4, spring 10 and suspension plate 12.Vibrator 9 adopts two inertial exciters 9, arranges for rotational symmetry with the center line of vibrating bin, is fixed on the base plate 11 of vibrating bin.Be fixedly connected with four spring bolts 13 below vibrating bin base plate 11, the rectangular Central Symmetry of these four spring bolts 13 is arranged, guarantee effect equilibrium of forces.The upper end of four springs 10 is arranged on four spring bolts 13, and lower end is connected with suspension plate 12.The wheel track of rail vehicle is then movably connected in suspension plate 12.
Whole exciting agency is slidably connected by guide rail guide pin bushing and traveling mechanism, described guide rail guide pin bushing is made up of four circular line slideways, each circular line slideway is provided with two circular straight-line guide rail slide blocks 4, described circular straight-line guide rail slide block is fixed on the side plate 6 of described vibrating bin by bolt 7, and middle pad establishes slide block pad 5.The top board 8 of vibrating bin has four through holes, by set bolt 2 installation quality block 3 thereon.
And the structure of traveling mechanism as shown in Figure 3, be made up of walking linear slider 15, movable motor backing plate 22, walking gear 23, first walking beam 16, second walking beam 21, movable motor 20, travel mechanism side plate 19, exciting agency anticreep frame 14, walking cant board 17 and line slideway (not shown).The circular line slideway of exciting agency is fixed on described walking cant board 17 by guide rail set bolt, described walking cant board 17 is fixed with four exciting agency anticreep framves 14 with hexagon socket head cap screw, described walking cant board 17 is by bolt and the first walking beam 16, second walking beam 21 connects, two walkings two are connected with walking linear slider 15 by hexagon socket head cap screw, on walking beam 21, bolt connects movable motor 20, between be placed with movable motor backing plate 22, the output shaft of movable motor is fixedly connected with walking gear 23, described walking gear 23 engages with tooth bar (not shown).
A kind of analogy method applying the rail vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force of said apparatus, by arranging the operating mode that different masses is simulated underloading respectively, is fully loaded with or overloads, the frequency of adjusting vibration exciter and the deflection distance of mass, make the vibration frequency of exciting agency and the acting force of vibrator reach preset value.
This analogy method comprises the simulation to dead load and the simulation two parts to dynamic load, and wherein, described dead load utilizes load mass block to simulate, and described dynamic load utilizes an exciting agency simulation.Bonding force acts on single steel rail 1, produces the dead load of 1: 20 and the dynamic load of 1: 20.
Dynamic load is the dynamic load under the long wave irregularity frequency content only considering to cause the principal element building structure sedimentation of vehicle dynamic load to produce, the Changing Pattern of described dynamic load is sinusoidal curve Fsin (wt+ ψ), the Vehicular vibration frequency that the long wave irregularity that described w produces corresponding to building structure sedimentation causes, described F is the dynamic load component of respective frequencies.
The computing method of the Vehicular vibration frequency w that the long wave irregularity that building structure sedimentation produces causes and the dynamic load component F of respective frequencies: the train simplified mathematical model adopting secondary suspension damping device, one be, secondary suspension is reduced to elastic damping system, its value is k
1and c
1, k
2and c
2; Take turns and all mass is reduced to, wherein m to, bogie and car body
1analog wheel is to quality, m
2simulation bogie quality, m
3simulation car body mass; y
ifor reference frame, correspond respectively to the equipoise of each quality; P is the acting force between wheel track, assuming that the weight uniformity of car body distribute to each take turns right, desirable m
1take turns quality, m for single
2for bogie quality 1/2nd, m
3for 1/4th of car body mass.
During practical operation, the device of the method for analog orbit vehicle vertical coupled acting force is arranged on rail 1, when simulating vehicle light duty, vibrating bin top board 8 is installed described vehicle underloading mass, regulates frequency converter frequency, by force sensor measuring exciting agency acting force now, the vibration frequency of exciting agency is made to be w, measured by frequency sensor, if bigger than normal, just reduce the deflection of inertial mass apart from r
eif, less than normal, just increase the deflection of inertial mass apart from r
e, so constantly regulate, make the output action power of vibrator be F.When simulating vehicle full-loading condition, vibrating bin top board 8 is installed described vehicle underloading mass and described vehicle is fully loaded with mass, regulate frequency converter frequency, measured by frequency sensor, the vibration frequency of exciting agency is made to be w, by force sensor measuring exciting agency acting force now, if bigger than normal, just reduce the deflection of inertial mass apart from r
eif, less than normal, just increase the deflection of inertial mass apart from r
e, so constantly regulate, make the output action power of vibrator be F.When simulating vehicle overload operating mode, underloading mass on vibrating bin top board 8 described in mounting vehicle, described vehicle are fully loaded with mass and described overload of vehicle mass, regulate frequency converter frequency, measured by frequency sensor, the vibration frequency of exciting agency is made to be w, by force sensor measuring exciting agency acting force now, if bigger than normal, just reduce the deflection of inertial mass apart from r
eif, less than normal, just increase the deflection of inertial mass apart from r
e, so constantly regulate, make the output action power of vibrator be F.
For Shanghai Underground, the related data of Shanghai Metro: car body mass (being fully loaded with)=41.8t, bogie quality (power truck)=7.46t, wheel is to quality=1.8t, single stage suspension rigidity (every axle)=1.05MN/m, single stage suspension damping (every axle)=24kNs/m, secondary suspension rigidity (every bogie)=0.6MN/m, secondary suspension damping (every bogie)=10kNs/m, single stage suspension rigidity (every axle)=1.05MN/m, single stage suspension damping (every axle)=24kNs/m, secondary suspension rigidity (every bogie)=0.6MN/m, secondary suspension damping (every bogie)=10kNs/m, the long wave irregularity excitation displacement input model that building structure sedimentation produces is: Z=1/2 (1-coswlt), in formula, W
1=2 π v/L, get the speed v=60km/h of subway train, then excitation displacement input model is, Z=-2.5cos10.47t, the train exciting load simplified model of above-mentioned foundation, according to the relevant knowledge of mechanical vibration and mechanics, and supposes that wheel track is binding contact, i.e. y
1=z, can obtain Vehicular vibration expression formula as follows:
According to D'Alembert's principle, the expression formula that can obtain wheel-rail force P is;
Above formula is out of shape:
Because this model is system with 3 degrees of freedom, carry out analog simulation solve by Matlab/Simulink to this system, according to the frequency analysis of vehicular load, the simulated equation that can obtain vehicular load is:
P=150.85+1.55sin (0.628t+1.494), wherein, F=1.55, w=0.628, ψ=1.494.
Claims (6)
1. the analogue means of a rail vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force, it is characterized in that, comprise exciting agency, traveling mechanism and mass, described exciting agency is fixed on traveling mechanism, described mass is arranged on exciting agency, the wheel of rail vehicle is connected to exciting agency, to the rail load application be positioned at below wheel under the effect of exciting agency and mass.
2. the analogue means of a kind of rail vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described exciting agency comprises vibrator, vibrating bin, straight-line guide rail slide block, spring and suspension plate, described vibrator is arranged in vibrating bin, straight-line guide rail slide block is arranged on the side plate of vibrating bin, suspension plate is connected with the base plate of vibrating bin by spring, and the wheel of rail vehicle is fixed in suspension plate.
3. the analogue means of a kind of rail vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described vibrator has two, with the center line of vibrating bin for rotational symmetry is arranged, described spring is provided with 4, and rectangular shape is connected to the base plate of vibrating bin.
4. the analogue means of a kind of rail vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described traveling mechanism comprises walking linear slider, movable motor backing plate, walking gear, two walking beams, walking frequency control motor, travel mechanism side plate, exciting agency anticreep frame, walking cant board and linear slider, described walking line slideway is fixed on walking cant board, on walking cant board, bolt is fixed with four exciting agency anticreep framves, described walking beam is connected with walking cant board, one of them walking beam connects movable motor, the output shaft of movable motor is provided with walking gear, this walking gear engages with tooth bar.
5. the analogue means of a kind of rail vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described mass is underloading mass, fully loaded mass or overload mass.
6. the analogy method of the rail vehicle wheel track vertical coupled acting force of device described in an application rights requirement 1, it is characterized in that, by arranging the operating mode that different masses is simulated underloading respectively, is fully loaded with or overloads, the frequency of adjusting vibration exciter and the deflection distance of mass, make the vibration frequency of exciting agency and the acting force of vibrator reach preset value.
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Effective date of registration: 20211208 Address after: 518106 Room 301, building 8, phase II, heshuikou community, Matian street, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Patentee after: SHENZHEN FULINTECH SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 201620 No. 333, Longteng Road, Shanghai, Songjiang District Patentee before: SHANGHAI University OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE |