CN104277967B - 一种自清洁型沼气池 - Google Patents

一种自清洁型沼气池 Download PDF

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CN104277967B
CN104277967B CN201410482377.5A CN201410482377A CN104277967B CN 104277967 B CN104277967 B CN 104277967B CN 201410482377 A CN201410482377 A CN 201410482377A CN 104277967 B CN104277967 B CN 104277967B
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time fermentation
secondary fermentation
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CN104277967A (zh
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邵福伶
王建耕
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TIANJIN DESHENGYUAN ENVIRONMENT ENGINEERING CO., LTD.
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TIANJIN LVSHENGYUAN ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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Abstract

一种自清洁型沼气池，由二次发酵室和多个结构相同的一次发酵室组成，一次发酵室上设有进料口及输气管，内部装有搅拌器，底部设置有清淤装置，一次发酵室通过底部设置的送料通道与二次发酵室相连通，一次发酵室和二次发酵室之间设置有水压间，二次发酵室顶部外罩有储气罩，储气罩底部装有配重块，配重块置于水压间内，从而使储气罩上部形成一个衡压储气室，且该储气室通过圆弧形上盖进行密封。本发明采用模块化设计，针对不同需求及场地大小添加一次发酵室，并配合集发酵、储气于一体的结构，结构紧凑、可减少工程造价30％，占用的空间小、并且操作、管理和维修方便。

Description

一种自清洁型沼气池
技术领域
本发明属于一种沼气装置，特别涉及一种自清洁型沼气池。
背景技术
沼气作为一种可再生能源，不仅清洁、廉价、卫生而且在发展农业及环境保护和综合利用等诸多方面逐渐显示出其独特的优越性，受到国家和人民的高度重视。但是现有的沼气装置存在如下缺陷：1、现有沼气工程大多采用分体式作法，厌氧消化器(沼气反应罐)至储气柜间距要达到一定距离的两个气室，这样就要有大批管道往反连接，费工、费料，因管道连接需要技术性较高，容易产生泄漏，热量流失多，占地面积大并且操作、管理和维修都不太方便、故障多、给用户带来不便。2、产气量低，因现有沼气发酵工艺物料的消化指标只有50％-60％，其主要原因是物料在厌氧消化器内生料→半生料→较熟料→熟料控制的不好，造成有40％左右未消化好的生料排出，从而限制了沼气发酵水平的提高。3、由于工程占地面积大，建筑分散故保温效果差，冬季产气率低。4、由于采用混凝土浇筑的整体结构，施工效率低，无法进行工业化大规模制造，从而严重地制约了沼气的普及和推广。5、由于传统沼气池内并不具备增压装置，在产气不足时常常出现断气或气压不足等情况，导致沼气无法正常使用。6、在长期使用时，由于大量废渣淤积在沼气池池底导致沼气池内部容积发生改变，严重影响正常使用。
中国专利《大型连体式沼气发酵罐装置》(ZL2008200746341)虽然解决了上述部分问题，但是仍有绝大部分尚未解决。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足之处，提供一种自清洁型沼气池，该装置采用模块化设计，集发酵、储气于一体，并能够根据气压变化及时补充气压；同时结合除垢装置，可有效将淤积于池内的废渣清除，结构紧凑、可使原料得到充分地利用，提高产气量，不仅降低了建造成本，而且重复利用率极高。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种自清洁型沼气池，由二次发酵室和多个结构相同的一次发酵室组成，一次发酵室上设有进料口及输气管，内部装有搅拌器，底部设置有清淤装置，一次发酵室通过底部设置的送料通道与二次发酵室相连通，所述清淤装置由液压缸、柱塞杆及与送料通道相适配且可将送料通道密封的刮料块组成，所述液压缸通过柱塞杆与刮料压块相连接；一次发酵室和二次发酵室之间设置有水压间，二次发酵室顶部外罩有储气罩，储气罩底部装有配重块，配重块置于水压间内，从而使储气罩上部形成一个衡压储气室，且该储气室通过圆弧形上盖进行密封，所述二次发酵室内装有出渣管和出料管。
而且，所述上盖上设置有泄压阀。
而且，所述一次发酵室的外围装有保温层。
本发明的优点和经济效果是：
1、本发明采用模块化设计，针对不同需求及场地大小添加一次发酵室，并配合集发酵、储气于一体的结构，结构紧凑、可减少工程造价30％，占用的空间小、并且操作、管理和维修方便。
2、本发明在一次发酵室通过机械搅拌后完成物料的水解酸化和产气过程，物料停留时间为15-20天。然后，二次发酵室将一次发酵室内复杂的有机物和没有完全消化的有机物进行进一步的充分发酵，滞留期为10天，这样延长了物料的停留时间，使有机物得以充分消化利用，从而使原料消化率可达85％，提高产气率30％。
3、本发明通过增加清淤装置，可及时有效地对于一次发酵室内未完全发酵的生料及半生料进行清理，将发酵室底部板结或凝固的物料及时推送至二次发酵室内进行再发酵，不仅提高了产气率，而且有利于沼气池的长期使用。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图(局部剖视)。
具体实施方式
为能进一步了解本发明的内容、特点及功效，兹例举以下实施例，并配合附图详细说明如下。需要说明的是，本实施例是描述性的，不是限定性的，不能由此限定本发明的保护范围。
一种自清洁型沼气池，由二次发酵室10和多个结构相同的一次发酵室14组成，一次发酵室上设有进料口1及输气管3，内部装有搅拌器2，底部设置有清淤装置，一次发酵室通过底部设置的送料通道12与二次发酵室相连通，所述清淤装置由液压缸17、柱塞杆16及与送料通道相适配且可将送料通道密封的刮料块15组成，所述液压缸通过柱塞杆与刮料压块相连接；一次发酵室和二次发酵室之间设置有水压间11，二次发酵室顶部外罩有储气罩9，储气罩底部装有配重块8，配重块置于水压间内，从而使储气罩上部形成一个衡压储气室4，且该储气室通过圆弧形上盖18进行密封，所述二次发酵室内装有出渣管13和出料管7，所述上盖上设置有泄压阀5。所述一次发酵室的外围装有保温层6。

Claims (3)

1.一种自清洁型沼气池，其特征在于：由二次发酵室和多个结构相同的一次发酵室组成，一次发酵室上设有进料口及输气管，内部装有搅拌器，底部设置有清淤装置，一次发酵室通过底部设置的送料通道与二次发酵室相连通，所述清淤装置由液压缸、柱塞杆及与送料通道相适配且可将送料通道密封的刮料块组成，所述液压缸通过柱塞杆与刮料压块相连接；一次发酵室和二次发酵室之间设置有水压间，二次发酵室顶部外罩有储气罩，储气罩底部装有配重块，配重块置于水压间内，从而使储气罩上部形成一个衡压储气室，且该储气室通过圆弧形上盖进行密封，所述二次发酵室内装有出渣管和出料管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种自清洁型沼气池，其特征在于：所述上盖上设置有泄压阀。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种自清洁型沼气池，其特征在于：所述一次发酵室的外围装有保温层。
CN201410482377.5A 2014-09-19 2014-09-19 一种自清洁型沼气池 Expired - Fee Related CN104277967B (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104839113A (zh) * 2015-05-27 2015-08-19 陆永柱 高速扩散型浮钓装置
CN104839105A (zh) * 2015-05-27 2015-08-19 陆永柱 高速扩散型浮钓装置饵料扩散方法

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4436818A (en) * 1980-07-11 1984-03-13 Peter Widmer Apparatus for carrying out an anaerobic fermentation of organic solid matter for the purpose of extracting a combustible gas
CN2737791Y (zh) * 2004-11-09 2005-11-02 应洪昌 带清淤装置的沼气池
CN201292363Y (zh) * 2008-11-14 2009-08-19 蔡宏柯 恒压自动破壳式沼气池
CN201473533U (zh) * 2009-08-14 2010-05-19 蔡宏柯 多功能秸秆沼气池
CN102021110A (zh) * 2009-09-16 2011-04-20 天津市德盛源农村能源技术开发有限公司 双腔室厌氧沼气二次发酵装置
WO2011021207A4 (en) * 2009-07-07 2011-06-30 Vivekananda Kendra Improved bio-degradable waste based bio-methanation plant
CN202898411U (zh) * 2012-10-29 2013-04-24 嘉兴职业技术学院 沼气池清淤装置
CN204162706U (zh) * 2014-09-19 2015-02-18 天津市绿盛源环境工程有限公司 一种自清洁型沼气池

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4436818A (en) * 1980-07-11 1984-03-13 Peter Widmer Apparatus for carrying out an anaerobic fermentation of organic solid matter for the purpose of extracting a combustible gas
CN2737791Y (zh) * 2004-11-09 2005-11-02 应洪昌 带清淤装置的沼气池
CN201292363Y (zh) * 2008-11-14 2009-08-19 蔡宏柯 恒压自动破壳式沼气池
WO2011021207A4 (en) * 2009-07-07 2011-06-30 Vivekananda Kendra Improved bio-degradable waste based bio-methanation plant
CN201473533U (zh) * 2009-08-14 2010-05-19 蔡宏柯 多功能秸秆沼气池
CN102021110A (zh) * 2009-09-16 2011-04-20 天津市德盛源农村能源技术开发有限公司 双腔室厌氧沼气二次发酵装置
CN202898411U (zh) * 2012-10-29 2013-04-24 嘉兴职业技术学院 沼气池清淤装置
CN204162706U (zh) * 2014-09-19 2015-02-18 天津市绿盛源环境工程有限公司 一种自清洁型沼气池

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